CN111807450A - Device and method for treating sewage outlet polluted water body - Google Patents
Device and method for treating sewage outlet polluted water body Download PDFInfo
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- CN111807450A CN111807450A CN202010693214.7A CN202010693214A CN111807450A CN 111807450 A CN111807450 A CN 111807450A CN 202010693214 A CN202010693214 A CN 202010693214A CN 111807450 A CN111807450 A CN 111807450A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;iron Chemical compound [AlH3].[Fe] KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FZUJWWOKDIGOKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.OS(O)(=O)=O FZUJWWOKDIGOKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 28
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 19
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
- B01J2220/4825—Polysaccharides or cellulose materials, e.g. starch, chitin, sawdust, wood, straw, cotton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for treating a sewage outlet polluted water body, wherein the device comprises a frame which is arranged around the sewage outlet, a reticular pendant is arranged in the frame, a plurality of mesh bags are hung on the reticular pendant, and modified biochar is filled in the mesh bags; the modified biochar is prepared by carrying out acid treatment, alkali treatment and metal salt modification on biochar. The device for treating the water polluted by the drain outlet can effectively improve the water quality of the water discharged by the drain outlet, effectively reduce the influence of the water discharged by the drain outlet on the water quality of rivers, lakes and the like, can be widely used for in-situ treatment of the water polluted by the drain outlet, can effectively remove various pollutants (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, organic pollutants and heavy metals) in the water, has the advantages of simple process, convenience in operation, low cost, good treatment effect and the like, and has very important significance for effectively treating the water pollution of the drain outlet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of water pollution treatment, and relates to a device and a method for treating a sewage outlet polluted water body.
Background
In recent years, people pay more and more attention to polluted water bodies of sewage outlets, a large amount of pollutants are discharged into water bodies such as rivers, lakes and reservoirs, and the ecological environment of aquatic life is seriously polluted and damaged, so that the pollution is the main reason of river pollution at the present stage. Therefore, if the polluted water body at the sewage draining outlet enters the natural water body, the effective removal of the pollutants in the polluted water body is of great significance for reducing the pollution and damage to the water ecological environment. However, the existing devices and methods for directly treating the polluted water body of the sewage draining exit are few, and the following problems still exist in the existing devices and methods: high treatment cost, low treatment efficiency, poor treatment effect, and particularly very poor removal effect on phosphorus in the polluted water body.
In addition, as a big agricultural country, China can generate a large amount of agricultural straws and livestock and poultry manure every year, but at present, the agricultural straws are mostly left unused and wasted or are burned on the spot, so that not only is the soil fertility easy to decline, but also a serious environmental problem is generated. For example, in the agricultural harvesting season every year, the air quality is rapidly reduced due to the massive burning of the straws, and meanwhile, the airport and the highway are closed due to the covering of smoke, so that a plurality of adverse effects are brought to social production and life; the excrement of the livestock and poultry is also discharged randomly, which causes a series of environmental and sanitary problems. The efficient disposal and resource utilization of agricultural straws and livestock and poultry manure also become the focus of attention of all social circles.
With the development of science and technology, researchers successfully prepare cheap biochar with high adsorption efficiency by using anoxic pyrolysis of biomass materials, and the adsorption capacity of the biochar is 2-3 times that of activated carbon. The application to water pollution control not only solves the problem of water pollution, but also realizes the resource utilization of biomass waste. The agricultural straw and the livestock and poultry manure are high-quality biomass materials, which provides possibility for solving the problems. The biochar has better adsorption efficiency on various pollutants, but the adsorption efficiency on phosphorus needs to be further improved. Meanwhile, in order to improve the adsorption efficiency of the biochar on phosphorus, the currently adopted new technology is high-temperature pyrolysis after aluminum salt or ferric salt is added into the raw biochar material, although the technology improves the adsorption efficiency (especially the adsorption efficiency on phosphorus) of the biochar to a certain extent, the microporous structure of the biomass material before carbonization is limited, and the capacity of loading metal ions is not strong; meanwhile, in order to improve the adsorption capacity of the biochar, acid or alkali activation is generally performed, and after the biochar prepared by the prior art is activated by acid or alkali, partial loaded metal ions can be subjected to reactions such as replacement, precipitation, desorption and the like to be separated from the biochar, so that the metal ion loading capacity and the adsorption effect are reduced. Therefore, how to obtain the modified biochar with high metal ion load and good adsorption performance has very important significance for effectively treating the polluted water body of the sewage outlet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a device and a method capable of effectively treating a sewage polluted water body through a sewage draining outlet.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for treating a sewage polluted water body of a sewage draining exit comprises a frame which is arranged around the sewage draining exit, wherein a net-shaped hanging piece is arranged in the frame, a plurality of net bags are hung on the net-shaped hanging piece, and modified biochar is filled in the net bags; the modified biochar is prepared by carrying out acid treatment, alkali treatment and metal salt modification on biochar.
The device for treating the polluted water body of the sewage draining exit is further improved, the number of the frames is at least one, and the frames are sequentially arranged around the sewage draining exit along the water outlet direction.
The device for treating the polluted water body of the sewage draining exit is further improved, and the frame is an arc-shaped surface and is fixed on the bank sides of the two sides of the sewage draining exit.
The device for treating the polluted water body of the sewage draining exit is further improved, and the shape of the frame is at least one of a circle, a semicircle, an ellipse, a semiellipse and a polygon; the frame is made of at least one of iron materials, steel materials, aluminum materials and aluminum alloys.
In the device for treating the polluted water body of the sewage draining exit, the net-shaped hanging piece is a nylon net; the mesh bags are detachably hung on two sides of the mesh-shaped hanging piece and are symmetrically arranged; the projection area of the mesh bag on the mesh-shaped hanging piece accounts for 5% -25% of the plane area of the mesh-shaped hanging piece; the mesh diameter of the mesh bag is 0.1 mm-2.0 mm.
The device for treating the polluted water body of the sewage draining exit is further improved, and the preparation method of the modified biochar comprises the following steps:
s1, performing acid treatment and alkali treatment on the biochar;
s2, placing the biochar obtained in the step S1 in a modification solution for ultrasonic oscillation to obtain modified biochar; the modified solution is at least one of an aluminum salt solution, an iron salt solution and an aluminum-iron salt solution.
The device for treating the polluted water body of the sewage draining exit is further improved, in the step S1, the acid treatment and the alkali treatment of the biochar are as follows:
s1-1, washing the biochar by using an acid solution for 1-6 h; the acid solution is at least one of hydrochloric acid solution, sulfuric acid solution and nitric acid solution; the concentration of the acid solution is 0.5-2.5 mol/L; the preparation of the biochar comprises the following steps: pyrolyzing the biomass material under anaerobic or anoxic conditions, and crushing the obtained product into particles with the particle size of 2.0-5.0 mm to obtain biochar; the biomass material is at least one of agricultural straws, livestock and poultry manure, branches and leaves of forest and grass, wood chips and activated sludge;
s1-2, washing the biochar obtained in the step S1-1 by water;
s1-3, washing the biochar obtained in the step S1-2 by using an alkali solution for 1-6 hours; the alkali solution is at least one of a sodium hydroxide solution and a potassium hydroxide solution; the concentration of the alkali solution is 0.5-2.5 mol/L;
s1-4, washing the biochar obtained in the step S1-3 with water.
In the above device for treating the polluted water body of the sewage draining exit, the ultrasonic oscillation time is 1 to 4 hours in step S2; the saturation of the modified solution is more than or equal to 80 percent; the aluminum salt solution is at least one of aluminum chloride solution, aluminum sulfate solution and polyaluminum salt solution; the polyaluminium salt solution is polyaluminium chloride solution and/or polyaluminium sulfate solution; the ferric salt solution is at least one of ferric chloride solution, ferrous chloride solution, ferric sulfate solution, ferrous sulfate solution or polymeric ferric salt solution; the polyferric salt solution is at least one of a polyferric chloride solution, a polyferric sulfate solution, a polyferric ferrous solution and a polyferric chloride sulfate solution; the aluminum ferrite solution is polymeric aluminum ferrite solution; the polyaluminum ferric salt solution is polyaluminum ferric chloride solution and/or polyaluminum ferric sulfate chloride solution.
As a general inventive concept, the invention also provides a method for treating the water body polluted by the sewage draining exit, which adopts the device to carry out in-situ treatment on the water body polluted by the sewage draining exit.
The method comprises the following steps: the frame 1 in the device is arranged around the sewage draining exit to complete the in-situ treatment of the polluted water body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention provides a device for treating a sewage outlet polluted water body, which comprises a frame arranged around the sewage outlet, wherein a reticular pendant is arranged in the frame, a plurality of mesh bags are hung on the reticular pendant, and modified biochar is filled in the mesh bags, wherein the modified biochar is prepared by carrying out acid treatment, alkali treatment and metal salt modification on the biochar. According to the invention, the adopted modified biochar has the advantages of high metal ion loading, good adsorption performance and the like, has a good adsorption effect on various pollutants (particularly phosphorus, nitrogen, organic pollutants and heavy metals), and can be used for adsorbing the pollutants in the polluted water body by utilizing the modified biochar through being hung on the net-shaped hanging piece and arranging the net-shaped hanging piece around the sewage outlet, so that the pollutants in the polluted water body discharged by the sewage outlet are effectively removed, the water quality of the water body discharged by the sewage outlet is greatly improved, the in-situ treatment of the polluted water body discharged by the sewage outlet is realized, and the pollution of the polluted water body discharged by the sewage outlet to water bodies such as rivers, lakes and the like is reduced. According to the invention, the adopted modified biochar is filled in the mesh bag, so that the recovery and the reutilization of the biochar are favorably realized, the recycling of the device disclosed by the invention can be realized, the treatment cost is favorably reduced, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that the added substances are remained in a water body to cause secondary pollution can be avoided. The device for treating the water polluted by the sewage draining exit can effectively improve the water quality of the water discharged by the sewage draining exit, effectively reduce the influence of the water discharged by the sewage draining exit on the water quality of rivers, lakes, reservoirs and other water bodies, can be widely used for in-situ treatment of the water polluted by the sewage draining exit, and has high use value and good application prospect.
(2) In the preparation method of the modified biochar, the biochar is subjected to acid treatment and alkali treatment, ash in pores of the biochar is washed away, the porosity is increased, the adsorption capacity and the cation (including metal ions) loading capacity of the biochar are favorably increased, the biochar subjected to the acid and alkali treatment is placed in a modification solution (at least one of an aluminum salt solution, an iron salt solution and an aluminum-iron salt solution), so that metal ions such as aluminum iron and the like are loaded in the biochar, the pollutant adsorption capacity of the biochar is increased, the metal ions are loaded in ultrasonic oscillation, the metal ion loading capacity can be further increased, the metal ion loading capacity in the biochar is obviously increased, the adsorption performance of the biochar is further improved, and the modified biochar with better adsorption effect on various pollutants (such as phosphorus, nitrogen, organic matters, heavy metals and the like) is finally prepared, solves the problem that the adsorption function of the biochar is reduced due to the fact that the reactions such as replacement, precipitation, desorption and the like of the metal ions loaded firstly are caused by the fact that the metal ions are loaded firstly and then activated by acid or alkali in the existing preparation method of the modified biochar. The modified biochar prepared by the preparation method has the advantages of high metal ion loading, good adsorption performance and the like, can be widely used for adsorbing pollutants (such as phosphorus, nitrogen, organic pollutants and heavy metals) in the environment, can realize high-efficiency adsorption of the pollutants (such as phosphorus, nitrogen, organic pollutants and heavy metals) in a water body, can be continuously used for adsorbing the pollutants after simple activation treatment, and has high use value and application prospect; meanwhile, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, convenience in operation, readily available raw materials, low cost and the like, can realize large-scale preparation, is suitable for industrial production, and is beneficial to popularization and application of the modified biochar.
(3) In the preparation method of the modified biochar, the ultrasonic oscillation time is optimized to be 1-4 h, and the loading capacity of metal ions can be further improved on the premise of ensuring lower preparation cost, because the ultrasonic oscillation time has an important influence on the loading of the metal ions, if the ultrasonic oscillation time is too short, sufficient metal ions are difficult to load in the biochar, so that the modified biochar has poor adsorption performance, and the ultrasonic oscillation time is too long, so that the loading capacity of the metal ions cannot be obviously increased due to the limitation of active sites of the biochar, and on the contrary, the too long oscillation time increases the production cost and time, so that the preparation cost is higher.
(4) In the preparation method of the modified biochar, the saturation degree of the modified solution is optimized to be more than or equal to 80%, so that the loading capacity of metal ions on the biochar is improved.
(5) In the preparation method of the modified biochar, the biochar is prepared from biomass materials rich in biomass, such as agricultural straws, livestock and poultry manure, forest and grass branches and leaves, wood chips, activated sludge and the like, so that the resource utilization of the biomass materials, such as the agricultural straws, the livestock and poultry manure, the forest and grass branches and leaves, the wood chips, the activated sludge and the like, is realized, and the modified biochar has the advantages of wide raw material source, low cost and the like.
(6) The invention provides a method for treating a water body polluted by a sewage draining exit, which can effectively remove various pollutants (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, organic pollutants and heavy metals) in the water body by arranging a frame in the device around the sewage draining exit, has the advantages of simple process, convenient operation, low cost, good treatment effect and the like, and has very important significance for effectively treating the water body pollution of the sewage draining exit.
Drawings
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an apparatus for treating a polluted water body at a sewage drain in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the arrangement of the device in the horizontal direction in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings:
1. a frame; 2. a net-shaped hanging piece; 3. and (6) a mesh bag.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific preferred embodiments of the description, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the device for treating the polluted water body of the sewage draining exit comprises a frame 1 which is arranged around the sewage draining exit, a reticular pendant 2 is arranged in the frame 1, a plurality of mesh bags 3 are hung on the reticular pendant 2, and modified biochar is arranged in the mesh bags 3 and is prepared by the biochar after acid treatment, alkali treatment and iron-aluminum salt modification.
In the present embodiment, the number of frames 1 is 5; the frames 1 are arranged around the sewage draining exit in an arc surface shape in sequence along the water outlet direction to form semicircular arrangement, and the spacing distance of the frames 1 in the arc surface shape is 1.0 m.
In the present embodiment, the frame 1 is formed of a steel pipe and has a quadrangular shape.
In this embodiment, the net-shaped hanger 2 is a nylon net.
In the embodiment, the mesh bags 3 are detachably hung on two sides of the mesh-shaped hanging piece 2 and are symmetrically arranged; the quantity of the net bags 3 can be selected according to the depth and the pollution condition of the downstream water body of the actual dredging riverway. In this embodiment, the projected area of the mesh bag 3 on the mesh-shaped hanger 2 accounts for 10% of the planar area of the mesh-shaped hanger 2. In the invention, the mesh bag is detachably hung on the cross part of the net-shaped hanging piece through the hook, so that the modified biochar is favorably and reasonably and uniformly distributed in the polluted water body of the sewage discharge outlet, and the improvement on the treatment effect and the treatment efficiency is favorably realized.
In this embodiment, the mesh diameter of the mesh bag 3 is 1.0 mm. According to the invention, the mesh bag with the mesh diameter of 0.1-2.0 mm is adopted, so that the modified biochar is filled in the mesh bag on the premise of ensuring that the modified biochar is effectively contacted with pollutants in the polluted water body of the sewage outlet, the quantity of the modified biochar entering the polluted water body can be reduced, and the secondary pollution caused by the fact that the modified biochar adsorbing the pollutants enters the water body again is avoided.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the modified biochar includes the following steps:
(1) preparing the biochar:
heating the corn straws to 300 ℃ under the anoxic condition for pyrolysis for 2 hours, and crushing the corn straws into particles with the particle size of 2.0-5.0 mm to obtain the biochar.
(2) Performing acid treatment and alkali treatment on the biochar:
(2.1) washing the biochar prepared in the step (1) by using 1.0mol/L hydrochloric acid solution for 2 hours.
And (2.2) washing the biochar obtained in the step (2.1) by adopting water for 20 min.
And (2.3) washing the biochar obtained in the step (2.2) by using 1.0mol/L sodium hydroxide solution for 2 hours.
And (2.4) washing the biochar obtained in the step (2.3) by adopting water for 20 min.
(3) Modifying the biochar after acid-base treatment:
and (3) placing the biochar obtained in the step (2) in a polyaluminum ferric chloride solution with the saturation of 85%, and performing ultrasonic oscillation for 2 hours to obtain the modified biochar.
Example 2:
a method for treating a water body polluted by a sewage draining exit utilizes the device in the embodiment 1 to carry out in-situ treatment on the water body polluted by the sewage draining exit, and comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 2, the frame 1 in the device of the embodiment 1 is arc-shaped, is arranged around the sewage draining exit along the water outlet direction, and is arranged around the sewage draining exit in a semicircular shape, and the two ends of the frame 1 are fixed on the bank sides of the two sides of the sewage draining exit, wherein the spacing distance of each layer of the frame 1 is 1.0m, 5 layers are arranged, and the in-situ treatment of the polluted water body is completed.
In order to compare the treatment effect of the device, other biochar materials (such as comparative examples 1-3) are prepared to replace the modified biochar in the invention, so that the device with different biochar materials is manufactured; meanwhile, under the same condition, the devices which are hung with different biochar materials are used for carrying out in-situ treatment on the river water body.
Comparative example 1: example 1 biochar prepared in step (2.2).
Comparative example 2: the biochar prepared in the step (1) of the example 1 is directly soaked in a polyaluminum ferric chloride solution with the saturation of 85 percent for 30min, and is subjected to ultrasonic treatment at 3MPa for 2h, centrifugation and firing at 300 ℃ for 2h to obtain the biochar.
Comparative example 3: the biochar prepared in the step (1) of the example 1 is directly soaked in a polyaluminum ferric chloride solution with the saturation of 85%, soaked for 30min, ultrasonically treated at 3MPa for 2h, centrifuged, fired at 300 ℃ for 2h, and washed with a hydrochloric acid solution of 1.0mol/L for 2h to obtain the biochar.
Blank group: and detecting the water quality change under natural conditions in a research area without arranging any facilities.
Samples were taken from the inside and outside of the apparatus (direction of flow of the drain), and the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 treatment effect of different devices on sewage outlet polluted water body in embodiment 2
As can be seen from table 1, in example 2, the contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand in the water discharged from the sewage outlet after being treated by the device with the modified biochar of the present invention are respectively reduced to 0.98mg/L, 0.22mg/L and 25mg/L, which reach the environmental quality standard iv class water standard of surface water and approach the environmental quality standard iii class water standard, while the devices with other biochar materials can not effectively reduce the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollutants in the water discharged from the sewage outlet, and the contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand in the water entering the river channel after being treated by the devices are still higher and do not reach the environmental quality standard iv class water standard of surface water. Therefore, in the device hung with the modified biochar in embodiment 1 of the invention, by utilizing the high-efficiency adsorbability of the modified biochar to various pollutants (particularly phosphorus, nitrogen and organic pollutants), the pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollutants in the water polluted by the sewage outlet can be adsorbed and fixed in the modified biochar, so that the pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollutants in the water polluted by the sewage outlet can be effectively removed, the water quality of the water is greatly improved, the in-situ treatment of the water polluted by the sewage outlet is realized, and the pollution of the water polluted by the sewage outlet to the river water is reduced. Therefore, when the device is used for in-situ treatment of the water body polluted by the sewage draining exit, the frame in the device is arranged around the sewage draining exit along the direction of the water outlet, so that various pollutants (such as nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollutants) in the water body polluted by the sewage draining exit can be effectively removed, and the device has the advantages of simple process, convenience in operation, low cost, good treatment effect and the like, and has very important significance for effectively treating the water body pollution of the sewage draining exit.
The above examples are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. All technical schemes belonging to the idea of the invention belong to the protection scope of the invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and such modifications and embellishments should also be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A device for treating a sewage outlet polluted water body is characterized by comprising a frame (1) which is arranged around the sewage outlet, wherein a net-shaped hanging piece (2) is arranged in the frame (1), a plurality of net bags (3) are hung on the net-shaped hanging piece (2), and modified biochar is arranged in each net bag (3); the modified biochar is prepared by carrying out acid treatment, alkali treatment and metal salt modification on biochar.
2. A device for treating a water body polluted by a sewage draining exit according to claim 1, wherein the number of the frames (1) is at least one, and the frames (1) are sequentially arranged around the sewage draining exit along the water outlet direction.
3. A device for treating a water body polluted by a sewage draining exit according to claim 2, wherein the frame (1) is fixed on the bank at two sides of the sewage draining exit in an arc shape.
4. A device for remediating sewage polluted water of a sewage draining exit according to claim 3, wherein the shape of the frame (1) is at least one of circular, semicircular, elliptical, semi-elliptical and polygonal; the frame (1) is made of at least one of iron materials, steel materials, aluminum materials and aluminum alloys.
5. The device for treating the water body polluted by the sewage draining exit according to the claim 1, wherein the reticular pendant (2) is a nylon net; the mesh bags (3) are detachably hung on two sides of the mesh-shaped hanging piece (2) and are symmetrically arranged; the projection area of the mesh bag (3) on the mesh-shaped hanger (2) accounts for 5-25% of the plane area of the mesh-shaped hanger (2); the mesh diameter of the mesh bag (3) is 0.1 mm-2.0 mm.
6. The device for treating the water body polluted by the sewage draining exit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the preparation method of the modified biochar comprises the following steps:
s1, performing acid treatment and alkali treatment on the biochar;
s2, placing the biochar obtained in the step S1 in a modification solution for ultrasonic oscillation to obtain modified biochar; the modified solution is at least one of an aluminum salt solution, an iron salt solution and an aluminum-iron salt solution.
7. The apparatus for treating a water body polluted by a sewage draining exit according to claim 6, wherein in the step S1, the acid treatment and the alkali treatment of the biochar are as follows:
s1-1, washing the biochar by using an acid solution for 1-6 h; the acid solution is at least one of hydrochloric acid solution, sulfuric acid solution and nitric acid solution; the concentration of the acid solution is 0.5-2.5 mol/L; the preparation of the biochar comprises the following steps: pyrolyzing the biomass material under anaerobic or anoxic conditions, and crushing the obtained product into particles with the particle size of 2.0-5.0 mm to obtain biochar; the biomass material is at least one of agricultural straws, livestock and poultry manure, branches and leaves of forest and grass, wood chips and activated sludge;
s1-2, washing the biochar obtained in the step S1-1 by water;
s1-3, washing the biochar obtained in the step S1-2 by using an alkali solution for 1-6 hours; the alkali solution is at least one of a sodium hydroxide solution and a potassium hydroxide solution; the concentration of the alkali solution is 0.5-2.5 mol/L;
s1-4, washing the biochar obtained in the step S1-3 with water.
8. The device for treating the water body polluted by the sewage draining exit according to claim 6, wherein in the step S2, the time of the ultrasonic oscillation is 1-4 h; the saturation of the modified solution is more than or equal to 80 percent; the aluminum salt solution is at least one of aluminum chloride solution, aluminum sulfate solution and polyaluminum salt solution; the polyaluminium salt solution is polyaluminium chloride solution and/or polyaluminium sulfate solution; the ferric salt solution is at least one of ferric chloride solution, ferrous chloride solution, ferric sulfate solution, ferrous sulfate solution or polymeric ferric salt solution; the polyferric salt solution is at least one of a polyferric chloride solution, a polyferric sulfate solution, a polyferric ferrous solution and a polyferric chloride sulfate solution; the aluminum ferrite solution is polymeric aluminum ferrite solution; the polyaluminum ferric salt solution is polyaluminum ferric chloride solution and/or polyaluminum ferric sulfate chloride solution.
9. A method for treating a water body polluted by a sewage draining exit, which is characterized in that the method adopts the device of any one of claims 1 to 8 to carry out in-situ treatment on the water body polluted by the sewage draining exit.
10. The method of claim 9, comprising the steps of: the frame (1) in the device of any one of claims 1 to 8 is arranged around a sewage draining exit to complete the in-situ treatment of the polluted water body.
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| CN113318703A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-08-31 | 长江师范学院 | Biomass adsorbent, preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201023 |