CN111807395B - Preparation method of low-oil-absorption nano silicon dioxide for high-elasticity silicone rubber - Google Patents
Preparation method of low-oil-absorption nano silicon dioxide for high-elasticity silicone rubber Download PDFInfo
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- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/34—Preparation of aluminium hydroxide by precipitation from solutions containing aluminium salts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
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- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
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- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
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- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/19—Oil-absorption capacity, e.g. DBP values
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of silicon rubber materials, in particular to a preparation method of low oil absorption nano silicon dioxide for high-elasticity silicon rubber, which comprises the following steps: heating the bottom water, adding solid sodium sulfate 1-5 wt% of the bottom water, stirring to dissolve, adding water glass solution 30-50% of the bottom water volume to obtain reaction solution, and controlling flow rate to 3-6m3H and 10-15m3Adding dilute sulfuric acid and a water glass solution for 100-; and adding water into the reaction slurry, washing, drying and crushing. According to the preparation method, the water glass solution, the sulfuric acid and the aluminum sulfate are mixed according to a certain proportion to generate the nano aluminum hydroxide gel under the heating condition, and the nano aluminum hydroxide gel is compounded with the silicon dioxide to form a larger secondary structure polymer, so that the dispersibility of the silicon dioxide in the silicon rubber is improved, the hysteresis of the silicon dioxide structure is reduced, and the elasticity of a silicon rubber product is effectively improved.
Description
The invention patent with application date of 2018-05-28 and application number of 201810519935.9 and named as a preparation method of nano silicon dioxide for high-elasticity silicone rubber is taken as a parent application for divisional application.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of silicone rubber materials, in particular to a preparation method of low-oil-absorption nano silicon dioxide for high-elasticity silicone rubber.
Background
High elasticity is the most valuable property of silicone rubber, and is formed by the movement of molecular chain segments of silicone rubber through conformational changes. Because the interaction between silicone rubber molecules can hinder the movement of molecular chain segments, part of the force acting on the silicone rubber molecules is used for overcoming the viscous resistance between the molecules, and the other part deforms the molecular chains, so that the molecular chains form the viscoelasticity of the silicone rubber. Therefore, the silicon rubber has the characteristics of high elasticity and viscosity.
The compression set is closely related to the sealing properties of the article, and the smaller the compression set, the better the sealing properties of the article. The high-resilience low-compression-deformation product is mainly applied to a sealing product in a wide range, and the high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber in the prior art cannot meet the special requirements of certain products in the market due to low resilience, such as shaft seal rings, gaskets, seal rings/gaskets/strips, miscellaneous parts joints, automobile connecting and sealing assemblies and the like, so that the elastic property of the silicone rubber needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: a process for producing a low oil-absorption silica for silicone rubber which is effective in improving the elasticity of silicone rubber is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a preparation method of low oil absorption nano silicon dioxide for high elastic energy silicon rubber comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding dilute sulfuric acid solution and solid aluminum sulfate, and stirring to prepare acid aluminum sulfate solution with the aluminum sulfate concentration of 14.3-38.0 wt%;
step 2: introducing steam, pressurizing to 0.6-0.8MPa, and adding water into the solid water glass to prepare a water glass solution with the content of SiO2 of 15-25 wt%;
and 3, step 3: adding firstAdding bottom water, introducing steam, heating to 85-95 deg.C, adding solid sodium sulfate 1-5 wt% of the bottom water, stirring for dissolving, adding water glass solution 30-50% of the bottom water volume, stirring to obtain reaction solution, and controlling flow rate to 3-6m respectively when the reaction begins3H and 10-15m3Adding 15-35 wt% of dilute sulfuric acid and the water glass solution to obtain a reaction solution, continuously adding for 135min, controlling the pH value of the reaction solution to be 10.0-11.0, controlling the reaction temperature to be 85-95 ℃, and controlling the reaction temperature to be 3-5m after the reaction is finished3Adding the acidic aluminum sulfate solution into the reaction solution at a flow rate of/h to adjust the pH value to 3-5, and then aging to obtain reaction slurry;
and 4, step 4: and adding water into the reaction slurry, washing, drying and crushing to obtain the nano silicon dioxide for the high-elasticity silicone rubber.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the nano aluminum hydroxide gel is generated by mixing the water glass solution, the sulfuric acid and the aluminum sulfate according to a certain proportion under the heating condition and is compounded with the silicon dioxide to form a larger secondary structure polymer, so that the dispersibility of the silicon dioxide in the silicon rubber is improved, the agglomerates of the silicon dioxide in the silicon rubber are easy to open, the hysteresis of the silicon dioxide structure is reduced, the elasticity of a silicon rubber product can be effectively improved, and the nano silicon dioxide prepared by the method also has low specific surface area and low oil absorption and can reduce the processing cost.
Detailed Description
In order to explain the technical content, the objects and the effects of the present invention in detail, the following description will be given with reference to the embodiments.
The most key concept of the invention is as follows: the nanometer aluminum hydroxide gel is generated by mixing the water glass solution, the sulfuric acid and the aluminum sulfate according to a certain proportion under the condition of heating and alkality, and is compounded with the silicon dioxide to form a larger secondary structure polymer, so that the dispersibility and the hysteresis of the silicon dioxide in the silicon rubber are improved, and the elasticity of the silicon rubber is improved.
The invention provides a preparation method of nano silicon dioxide for high-elasticity silicone rubber, which comprises the following steps:
heating the bottom water, adding solid sodium sulfate accounting for 1-5 wt% of the bottom water, stirring and dissolvingThen adding water glass solution accounting for 30-50% of the volume of the bottom water, and uniformly stirring to obtain reaction liquid, wherein the flow rate is respectively controlled to be 3-6m3H and 10-15m3Adding dilute sulfuric acid and a water glass solution for 100-;
wherein the concentration of aluminum sulfate in the acidic aluminum sulfate solution is 14.3-38.0 wt%, and the SiO of the water glass solution2The content of (B) is 15-25 wt%;
and adding water into the reaction slurry, washing, drying and crushing to obtain the nano silicon dioxide for the high-elasticity silicone rubber.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the nanometer silicon dioxide prepared by the method also has low specific surface area and low oil absorption, and can reduce the processing cost.
Furthermore, the concentration of the dilute sulfuric acid in the acidic aluminum sulfate solution is 5-10 wt%.
As can be seen from the above description, the content ratio of silica to alumina is adjusted by performing the acidification treatment using acidic aluminum sulfate solution and controlling the addition of water glass and the amount of acidified aluminum sulfate used.
Furthermore, the water glass solution is prepared from solid water glass with the modulus of 3.0-3.6.
Further, the addition amount of the solid sodium sulfate accounts for 1.5-3% of the mass fraction of the bottom water.
From the above description, it can be known that the soluble sodium salt is added into the reaction bottom water, and the salt effect can increase the solubility of the insoluble silica, prepare large-particle secondary structure aggregates, reduce the rate of producing silica by the reaction of sodium silicate and sulfuric acid, and improve the dispersibility of silica.
Further, the preparation method of the nano silicon dioxide for the high elastic energy silicon rubber comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding dilute sulfuric acid solution and solid aluminum sulfate into a reaction kettle, and stirring to obtain acid aluminum sulfate solution with the aluminum sulfate concentration of 14.3-38.0 wt%;
step 2: putting solid sodium silicate into a static pressure kettle, introducing steam, pressurizing to 0.6-0.8MPa, adding water to prepare SiO2A water glass solution in an amount of 15 to 25 wt%;
and step 3: firstly adding bottom water into a reaction kettle, heating to 85-95 ℃, adding solid sodium sulfate accounting for 1-5 wt% of the bottom water, stirring and dissolving, then adding water glass solution accounting for 30-50% of the volume of the bottom water, stirring uniformly to obtain reaction liquid, starting the reaction, respectively controlling the flow to be 3-6m3H and 10-15m3Adding 15-35 wt% of dilute sulfuric acid and the water glass solution into the reaction solution for 100-135min, controlling the pH value of the reaction solution to be 10.0-11.0, controlling the reaction temperature to be 85-95 ℃, and controlling the pH value to be 3-5m after the reaction is finished3Adding the acidic aluminum sulfate solution into the reaction liquid at a flow rate of/h, adjusting the pH value to 3-5, and aging for 30min to obtain reaction slurry;
and 4, step 4: adding water into the reaction slurry for washing until the conductivity of filtered water is less than 1000 mu S/cm to obtain spray slurry, and controlling the particle size D of the spray slurry through spray drying equipment and crushing equipment50Crushing the mixture to 7-9 mu m to obtain the nano silicon dioxide for the high-elasticity silicone rubber.
From the above description, it can be known that the reaction of the water glass solution and sulfuric acid generates silicic acid, the silicic acid is very unstable and quickly aggregates into particles to become sol, the sol gels to become hydrogel to generate silica hydrogel, then a certain amount of aluminum sulfate solution is added, under the condition of heating and alkaline, nanometer aluminum hydroxide gel is generated, and the nanometer aluminum hydroxide gel and silica are compounded into a larger secondary structure aggregate.
Example 1:
at 10m32m is added in an enamel reaction kettle3Water, then 2m3Stirring the 30 wt% dilute sulfuric acid, adding 572kg solid aluminum sulfate, and stirring for 30min to obtain the acidic aluminum sulfate solution. Fine selection of high qualityFood-grade solid water glass with modulus of 3.3 is put into a static pressure kettle, treated water is added into the static pressure kettle, steam passing through a precision filter is introduced into the kettle, the pressure is increased to 0.6MPa, the pressure is maintained for 2 hours, water is added into the kettle to prepare SiO2And (4) storing the water glass solution with the content of 22 wt% for later use.
At 60m310m of the mixture is firstly added into a reaction kettle3Introducing steam into the bottom water, heating to 90 ℃, adding 500kg of solid sodium sulfate, stirring for dissolving, and adding 3m of solid sodium sulfate3Stirring the water glass solution uniformly to obtain reaction liquid, starting the reaction, and respectively controlling the flow rate to be 5m3H and 15m3Adding 18 wt% dilute sulfuric acid and the water glass solution for 120min, controlling the pH value of the reaction solution to 10.0 and the reaction temperature to 90 ℃, and then reacting for 3m3At the flow rate of/h, the acidic aluminum sulfate solution is added into the reaction liquid to adjust the pH value to 4.0, and then aging is carried out for 30min to obtain reaction slurry. Adding filtered tap water into the reaction slurry for washing until the conductivity of filtered water is 500 mu S/cm, filtering water to obtain spray slurry, carrying out high-speed rotary atomization on the spray slurry through spray drying equipment, heating and drying by utilizing hot air to prepare powdery silicon dioxide, and crushing the silicon dioxide to a particle size D by using an internal grading type pulverizer50The nanometer silicon dioxide for the high elastic energy silicon rubber is prepared with the particle size of 9.0 mu m.
Example 2:
at 10m32m is added in an enamel reaction kettle3Water, then 1m3And then adding 600kg of solid aluminum sulfate into the 30 wt% dilute sulfuric acid solution by stirring, and stirring for 30min to obtain the acidic aluminum sulfate solution. Selecting high-quality food-grade solid water glass with modulus of 3.5, adding into static pressure kettle, adding treated water, introducing steam passing through precision filter, pressurizing to 0.8MPa, maintaining pressure for 3 hr, adding water, and making into SiO2And (4) storing the water glass solution with the content of 25 wt% for later use.
At 60m310m is added into the reaction kettle3Introducing steam into the bottom water, heating to 92 ℃, adding 300kg of solid sodium sulfate, stirring for dissolving, and adding 4m of solid sodium sulfate3Stirring the water glass solution uniformly to obtain reaction liquid, starting the reaction, and respectively controlling the flow rate to be 4m3H and 12m3H addition of 22 wt.% dilute sulfuric acidAnd the water glass solution is continuously added for 115min, the pH value of the reaction solution is controlled to be 10.5, the reaction temperature is 92 ℃, and the reaction pressure is 5m after the reaction is finished3At the flow rate of/h, the acidic aluminum sulfate solution is added into the reaction liquid to adjust the pH value to 3.5, and then aging is carried out for 30min to obtain reaction slurry. Adding filtered tap water into the reaction slurry for washing until the conductivity of filtered water is 600 mu S/cm, filtering water to obtain spray slurry, carrying out high-speed rotary atomization on the spray slurry through spray drying equipment, heating and drying by utilizing hot air to prepare powdery silicon dioxide, and crushing the silicon dioxide to a particle size D by using an internal grading type pulverizer50The nano silicon dioxide for the high elastic energy silicon rubber is prepared with the particle size of 8.5 mu m.
Example 3:
at 10m3Adding 3m into enamel reaction kettle3Water, then 3m3Stirring the 30 wt% dilute sulfuric acid, adding 2280kg solid aluminum sulfate, and stirring for 30min to obtain the acidic aluminum sulfate solution. Selecting high-quality food-grade solid water glass with modulus of 3.3, adding into static pressure kettle, adding treated water, introducing steam passing through precision filter, pressurizing to 0.8MPa, maintaining pressure for 2 hr, adding water, and making into SiO2And (4) water glass solution with the content of 18 wt% is stored for later use.
At 60m310m is added into the reaction kettle3Introducing steam into the bottom water, heating to 98 ℃, adding 100kg of solid sodium sulfate, stirring for dissolving, and adding 5m of solid sodium sulfate3Stirring the water glass solution uniformly to obtain a reaction solution, starting the reaction, and respectively controlling the flow rate to be 3m3H and 10m3Adding 23 wt% of dilute sulfuric acid and the water glass solution for 135min, controlling the pH value of the reaction solution to be 11.0, controlling the reaction temperature to be 98 ℃, and performing reaction at the temperature of 2m after the reaction is finished3Adding the acidic aluminum sulfate solution into the reaction solution at a flow rate of/h to adjust the pH value to 5, and aging for 30min to obtain reaction slurry. Adding filtered tap water into the reaction slurry for washing until the conductivity of filtered water is 100 mu S/cm, filtering the water to obtain spray slurry, carrying out high-speed rotary atomization on the spray slurry through spray drying equipment, preparing powdery silicon dioxide by utilizing hot air for heating and drying, and then passing through an internal grading type pulverizer to obtain silicon dioxide powderCrushing to obtain particle size D50The nano silicon dioxide with high elastic energy for the silicon rubber is prepared with the particle size of 8.0 mu m.
Example 4:
at 10m32m is added in an enamel reaction kettle3Water, then 3m3Starting stirring the 30 wt% dilute sulfuric acid, adding 1500kg solid aluminum sulfate, and stirring for 30min to obtain the acidic aluminum sulfate solution. Selecting high-quality food-grade solid water glass with modulus of 3.0, adding into static pressure kettle, adding treated water, introducing steam passing through precision filter, pressurizing to 0.6MPa, maintaining pressure for 3 hr, adding water, and making into SiO2And (4) storing the water glass solution with the content of 15 wt% for later use.
At 60m310m of the mixture is firstly added into a reaction kettle3Introducing steam into the bottom water, heating to 85 ℃, adding 150kg of solid sodium sulfate, stirring for dissolving, and adding 5m of solid sodium sulfate3Stirring the water glass solution uniformly to obtain reaction liquid, starting the reaction, and respectively controlling the flow rate to be 6m3H and 15m3Adding 20.0 wt% dilute sulfuric acid and the water glass solution in a concurrent flow manner for 100min, controlling the pH value of the reaction solution to be 11.0 and the reaction temperature to be 85 ℃, and performing reaction at the temperature of 2m after the reaction is finished3At the flow rate of/h, the acidic aluminum sulfate solution is added into the reaction liquid to adjust the pH value to 3, and then aging is carried out for 30min to obtain reaction slurry. Adding filtered tap water into the reaction slurry for washing until the conductivity of filtered water is 400 mu S/cm, filtering water to obtain spray slurry, carrying out high-speed rotary atomization on the spray slurry through spray drying equipment, heating and drying by utilizing hot air to prepare powdery silicon dioxide, and crushing the silicon dioxide to a particle size D by using an internal grading type pulverizer50The nano silicon dioxide with high elastic energy for the silicon rubber is prepared with the particle size of 7.0 mu m.
And (3) experimental test:
taking the nano-silica samples for the high-elasticity silicone rubber obtained in the embodiments 1 to 4 and respectively marking as Y1, Y2, Y3 and Y4, taking another comparison group sample as the common silicone rubber and marking as D0, respectively measuring the specific surface area, the oil absorption value, the silica content, the alumina content and the ignition loss of the 5 groups of samples and the related physical properties of the silicone rubber products prepared by the groups of samples, wherein the test results are shown in the following table:
from the experimental tests, the rebound rate of the silicon rubber product processed by the nano silicon dioxide material prepared by the preparation method of the nano silicon dioxide for the high elastic energy silicon rubber provided by the invention is improved by nearly 20%.
In conclusion, the preparation method of the nano-silica for the high-elasticity silicone rubber provided by the invention has the advantages that the nano-aluminum hydroxide gel is generated by mixing the water glass solution, the sulfuric acid and the aluminum sulfate according to a certain proportion under the heating condition, and is compounded with the silicon dioxide to form a larger secondary structure polymer, so that the dispersibility of the silicon dioxide in the silicone rubber is improved, the agglomerates of the silicon dioxide in the silicone rubber are easy to open, the hysteresis of the silicon dioxide structure is reduced, the elasticity of a silicone rubber product can be effectively improved, and the nano-silica prepared by the method has low specific surface area and low oil absorption and can reduce the processing cost.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications made by the present invention in the specification or directly or indirectly applied to the related technical field are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of low oil absorption nano silicon dioxide for high elastic energy silicon rubber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: adding dilute sulfuric acid solution and solid aluminum sulfate, and stirring to obtain acidic aluminum sulfate solution with the aluminum sulfate concentration of 14.3-38.0 wt%;
step 2: introducing steam to pressurize to 0.6-0.8MPa, adding water into solid sodium silicate to prepare SiO2In an amount of15-25 wt% water glass solution;
and step 3: adding bottom water, introducing steam, heating to 85-95 deg.C, adding solid sodium sulfate 1-5 wt% of the bottom water, stirring to dissolve, adding water glass solution 30-50% of the bottom water volume, stirring to obtain reaction solution, and controlling flow rate to 3-6m respectively3H and 10-15m3Adding 15-35 wt% of dilute sulfuric acid and the water glass solution to obtain a reaction solution, continuously adding for 135min, controlling the pH value of the reaction solution to be 10.0-11.0, controlling the reaction temperature to be 85-95 ℃, and controlling the reaction temperature to be 3-5m after the reaction is finished3Adding the acidic aluminum sulfate solution into the reaction solution at a flow rate of/h to adjust the pH value to 3-5, and then aging to obtain reaction slurry;
and 4, step 4: and adding water into the reaction slurry, washing, drying and crushing to obtain the low oil absorption nano silicon dioxide for the high-elasticity silicone rubber.
2. The method for preparing nano-silica with low oil absorption for high elastic energy silicone rubber according to claim 1, wherein the time for stirring after adding solid aluminum sulfate in step 1 is 30min, and the time for aging in step 3 is 30 min.
3. The method for preparing nano-silica with low oil absorption for high elastic energy silicone rubber according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of dilute sulfuric acid in the acidic aluminum sulfate solution is 5-10 wt%.
4. The method for preparing nano-silica with low oil absorption for high elastic energy silicone rubber according to claim 1, wherein the solid sodium sulfate is added in an amount of 1.5 to 3% by mass.
5. The method for preparing nano-silica with low oil absorption for high elastic energy silicone rubber according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: at 10m32m is added in an enamel reaction kettle3Water, then 1m330 wt% of dilute sulfuric acid, boilingStirring, adding 600kg of solid aluminum sulfate, and stirring for 30min to obtain an acidic aluminum sulfate solution;
and 2, step: selecting food-grade solid water glass with modulus of 3.5, adding into static pressure kettle, adding treated water, introducing steam passing through precision filter, pressurizing to 0.8MPa, maintaining pressure for 3 hr, adding water, and making into SiO225 wt% of water glass solution, and storing for later use;
and step 3: at 60m310m of the mixture is firstly added into a reaction kettle3Introducing steam into the bottom water, heating to 92 ℃, adding 300kg of solid sodium sulfate, stirring for dissolving, and adding 4m of solid sodium sulfate3Stirring the water glass solution uniformly to obtain a reaction solution, starting the reaction, and respectively controlling the flow rate to be 4m3H and 12m3Adding 22 wt% dilute sulfuric acid and the water glass solution for 115min, controlling the pH value of the reaction solution to be 10.5, the reaction temperature to be 92 ℃, and controlling the reaction temperature to be 5m after the reaction is finished3Adding the acidic aluminum sulfate solution into the reaction solution at a flow rate of/h, adjusting the pH value to 3.5, and aging for 30min to obtain reaction slurry;
and 4, step 4: adding filtered tap water into the reaction slurry for washing until the conductivity of filtered water is 600 mu S/cm, filtering water to obtain spray slurry, carrying out high-speed rotary atomization on the spray slurry through spray drying equipment, heating and drying by utilizing hot air to prepare powdery silicon dioxide, and crushing the silicon dioxide to a particle size D by using an internal grading type pulverizer50The nano silicon dioxide with low oil absorption for the high elastic energy silicon rubber is prepared with the particle size of 8.5 mu m.
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN111825114A (en) | 2020-10-27 |
| CN108455641B (en) | 2020-08-11 |
| CN111825114B (en) | 2022-07-12 |
| CN108455641A (en) | 2018-08-28 |
| CN111807395A (en) | 2020-10-23 |
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