CN111806496B

CN111806496B - Unlocking mechanism for track-distance-variable wheel set, track-distance-variable wheel set and ground track-changing facility

Info

Publication number: CN111806496B
Application number: CN202010736290.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 乔青峰; 曹庆达; 李恒奎; 王玉光; 蒯荣生
Original assignee: CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-28
Filing date: 2020-07-28
Publication date: 2021-05-11
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-28
Also published as: CN111806496A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of rail gauge changing of rail vehicles, and provides an unlocking mechanism for a rail gauge changing wheel set, the rail gauge changing wheel set and a ground rail changing facility. The unlocking mechanism comprises a thrust rod horizontally penetrating through an axial through hole of an axle of the variable-gauge wheel pair and a thrust conversion mechanism for pushing the thrust rod to unlock wheels of the variable-gauge wheel pair, wherein the thrust conversion mechanism comprises an installation seat and a pushing shaft, and the installation seat is provided with a horizontal through hole along the horizontal direction; the pushing shaft is movably arranged in the horizontal through hole in a penetrating mode, the opposite position of the pushing shaft and the mounting seat is located, one of the pushing shaft and the mounting seat is provided with an open slot, the axis of the open slot is perpendicular to the axis of the horizontal through hole, a positioning piece is arranged in the open slot, the positioning piece is connected with the open slot through an elastic pre-tightening piece, a positioning pit is formed in the other one of the pushing shaft and the mounting seat, the positioning end of the positioning piece is matched with the positioning pit, and the pushing shaft pushes the thrust rod to move so as to unlock the wheel. The invention has simple track-changing operation and high track pitch-changing reliability.

Description

Unlocking mechanism for track-distance-variable wheel set, track-distance-variable wheel set and ground track-changing facility

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail gauge changing of rail vehicles, in particular to an unlocking mechanism for a rail gauge changing wheel set, the rail gauge changing wheel set and a ground rail changing facility.

Background

The transnational passenger and cargo transportation is rapidly increased in recent years, but the rail gauges of railways of different countries cause serious obstacles to transnational railway transportation. In order to solve the problem that the different track gauges of railways of different countries obstruct transnational railway transportation, a variable-gauge train is proposed, namely, when the train runs on railways of other countries, the track gauge of the railways of other countries is adapted by changing the distance between wheels on axles.

However, the conventional track-changing wheel set has a complex track-changing mechanism, complex track-changing operation and low reliability.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the unlocking mechanism for the track-distance-variable wheel pair, which is simple in track-distance-variable operation and high in track-distance-variable reliability.

The invention further provides a track-distance-variable wheel pair.

The invention also provides a ground track transfer facility.

The unlocking mechanism for the track-variable wheel pair comprises a thrust rod horizontally arranged in an axial through hole of an axle of the track-variable wheel pair in a penetrating mode and a thrust conversion mechanism used for pushing the thrust rod to unlock wheels of the track-variable wheel pair;

the thrust conversion mechanism includes:

the mounting seat is provided with a horizontal through hole along the horizontal direction;

the pushing shaft is movably arranged in the horizontal through hole in a penetrating mode, an open groove is formed in the position, opposite to the mounting seat, of the pushing shaft and is located on one of the pushing shaft and the mounting seat, the axis of the open groove is perpendicular to the axis of the horizontal through hole, a positioning piece is installed in the open groove, the positioning piece is connected with the open groove through an elastic pre-tightening piece, a positioning pit is formed in the other one of the pushing shaft and the mounting seat, and the positioning end of the positioning piece is matched with the positioning pit;

the positioning end of the positioning piece is positioned in the positioning pit, the pushing shaft is in a locking state, the pushing shaft is subjected to thrust to enable the positioning end of the positioning piece to leave the positioning pit, and the pushing shaft is in a movable state;

the pushing shaft and the thrust rod are arranged in a clearance opposite mode, and the pushing shaft pushes the thrust rod to move so as to unlock the wheels.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the thrust rod further comprises a stop sleeve, the stop sleeve is used for being fixed at the end part of the axle, the stop sleeve is coaxially arranged with the axial through hole, part of the stop sleeve extends into the axial through hole, the inner diameter of the stop sleeve is matched with the outer diameter of the thrust shaft, and the thrust shaft enters the axial through hole from the stop sleeve and pushes the thrust rod;

the positioning section is constructed at one end, opposite to the pushing shaft, of the thrust rod, the diameter of the positioning section is smaller than that of the thrust rod, so that a positioning step surface is formed at the joint of the positioning section and the thrust rod, and the positioning step surface is attached to the end part of the stop sleeve to limit the position of the thrust rod.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the mounting seat comprises a seat body and an extension seat extending to one side along the seat body, the seat body is connected with the extension seat through a transition connecting seat in a frustum shape, the large end of the transition connecting seat is connected with the seat body, the small end of the transition connecting seat is connected with the extension seat, connecting holes are formed in the periphery of the seat body, and the horizontal through hole penetrates through the extension seat, the transition connecting seat and the seat body.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the lower side of the extension seat is provided with a notch communicated with the end part of the extension seat;

the outer end of the pushing shaft extends downwards to form a pushing part, and when the positioning end of the positioning piece is positioned in the positioning concave pit, the outer end of the pushing shaft is flush with the outer end of the extending seat;

the pushing part is pushed to enable the positioning end of the positioning piece to leave the positioning concave pit and move along the notch.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the outer end of the extension seat is provided with a pushing gland;

the outer end of the pushing shaft is provided with a connecting part which extends downwards and inclines towards the direction far away from the pushing gland, the pushing part is formed at the free end of the connecting part, and the pushing part is provided with a vertical plane.

According to one embodiment of the invention, a friction block is mounted on the vertical plane of the pushing part.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the positioning piece is a positioning pin, the positioning end of the positioning pin is configured as a convex arc surface, and the positioning concave pit is configured as a concave arc surface matched with the convex arc surface; the convex arc surface part is positioned in the concave arc surface.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the elastic pre-tightening piece is a pre-tightening spring, one end of the pre-tightening spring is fastened in the open slot, and the other end of the pre-tightening spring is fastened and sleeved on one end of the positioning pin far away from the positioning end.

A track-variable wheel pair according to an embodiment of a second aspect of the present invention includes an axle, a pair of wheels mounted on the axle, and a pair of axle housings mounted on the axle and located outside the wheels, and further includes:

according to the unlocking mechanism for the variable-track wheel pair, the mounting seat is mounted at the outer end of the axle box body close to one end of the thrust rod;

the vehicle axle is provided with an axial through hole, the thrust rod penetrates through the axial through hole, one end, located in the axial through hole, of the thrust rod is connected with the linkage mechanism, and thrust is applied to the thrust rod through the pushing shaft, so that the thrust rod drives the linkage mechanism to unlock the wheels.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, further comprising:

the wheel mounting seats are arranged on the peripheries of first ends of the shaft sleeves, a section of external spline extending along the axial direction of the shaft sleeves is formed on the peripheries of second ends of the shaft sleeves, a section of first non-self-locking threads are formed on the inner peripheries of the second ends of the shaft sleeves, the rotating directions of the first non-self-locking threads are opposite, and a pair of wheels are fastened on the wheel mounting seats of the shaft sleeves;

two sections of second non-self-locking threads forming a non-self-locking thread pair with the first non-self-locking threads are arranged on the axle at intervals; the wheels are installed on the axle through the shaft sleeves, and the first non-self-locking threads are connected with the second non-self-locking threads in a matched mode.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the outer periphery of the axle near the middle part is configured with a section of external splines extending along the axial direction of the axle, the axle is provided with an oblong hole penetrating along the radial direction of the axle at the position of the external splines of the axle, and the length direction of the oblong hole is along the axial direction of the axle;

the axle is configured with at least one first raceway disposed circumferentially around the axle at a location between one of the second non-self-locking threads and the external spline of the axle;

still include the outer sleeve, the outer sleeve cover is established outside the axletree, the inner peripheral structure of outer sleeve have with the corresponding second raceway of first raceway, the second raceway is equipped with the rolling element mounting hole, first raceway with the second raceway is to closing and is formed the roll space, through the rolling element mounting hole to install the rolling element rather than matching in the roll space, with will the outer sleeve rotationally connects outside the axletree, be located in the outer sleeve the axial both sides and the distance of second raceway set for the interval punishment do not be equipped with the internal spline that external spline matches on the axle sleeve.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the linkage mechanism comprises a locking slip ring, a thrust pin and a locking elastic piece;

the locking slip ring is slidably sleeved at an external spline of the axle, an internal spline matched with the external spline of the axle is arranged in the locking slip ring, an external spline matched with the internal spline of the outer sleeve is arranged outside the locking slip ring, a pair of opening grooves are formed in the inner wall of the locking slip ring along the radial direction, openings of the opening grooves are communicated with one end of the locking slip ring, the thrust pin penetrates through the long round hole, two ends of the thrust pin are exposed out of the long round hole, two ends of the thrust pin, which are exposed out of the long round hole, are embedded in the pair of opening grooves through openings of the opening grooves, the locking elastic piece is sleeved on the axle, one end of the locking elastic piece abuts against the outer wall of the first roller path, the other end of the locking elastic piece abuts against the end part, far away from the opening grooves, of the locking slip ring is in a natural state, at least part of the external splines outside the locking slip ring is positioned in the internal splines on the corresponding side of the outer sleeve so as to lock the rotation of the outer sleeve;

one end of the thrust rod penetrates through the axial through hole of the axle and abuts against one side of the thrust pin, which is located on the opening groove, and the other end of the thrust rod is opposite to the pushing shaft.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the length of the first non self-locking thread is greater than the length of the second non self-locking thread and equal to half of the variable gauge;

an annular boss is arranged at the position, where the second rolling way is formed, of the inner periphery of the outer sleeve, and after the outer sleeve is connected with the axle, a pair of installation spaces of the shaft sleeve is formed between the outer sleeve and the axle at two axial sides of the rolling space;

the locking elastic piece is a locking spring.

According to the embodiment of the third aspect of the invention, the ground track-changing facility is used for applying track-changing external force to the track-changing wheel pair, the ground track-changing facility is provided with the driving rail, the length direction of the driving rail is arranged along the running direction of the track-changing wheel pair, and the side surface of the driving rail is provided with the unlocking inclined surface.

One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:

the unlocking mechanism comprises a thrust rod horizontally penetrating through an axial through hole of an axle of the variable-gauge wheel set and a thrust conversion mechanism for pushing the thrust rod, the thrust conversion mechanism comprises an installation seat and a pushing shaft axially penetrating through the installation seat, the installation seat is fixedly installed outside an axle box body, a gap between the pushing shaft and the thrust rod is arranged oppositely, when the axial thrust is applied to the pushing shaft by a driving rail side wall of a ground track-changing facility, the pushing shaft pushes the thrust rod to move to unlock the wheel, the track-changing operation is simple, and the variable-gauge reliability is high.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a front view of a shaft sleeve in a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is an axial cross-sectional schematic view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a shaft sleeve of a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of an axle of a track-changing wheel pair according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic axial sectional view of a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an axial cross-sectional structural schematic view of another variable gauge wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a partially enlarged view of a in fig. 6.

Reference numerals:

10. an axle; 11. an outer spline of the axle; 12. a long round hole; 13. a first raceway; 14. a second non self-locking thread; 15. an axial through hole; 20. a shaft sleeve; 21. a first non self-locking thread; 22. an external spline of the shaft sleeve; 23. a sliding bearing mounting groove; 24. a wheel mount; 25. a sliding bearing gland mounting groove; 30. a wheel; 40. an outer sleeve; 41. a second raceway; 50. a shaft box body; 60. locking the slip ring; 70. a locking spring; 80. a thrust pin; 90. a thrust rod; 90-1, a positioning section; 100. a thrust conversion mechanism; 101. a mounting seat; 101-1, a base; 101-2, a transition connecting seat; 101-3, an extension seat; 102. pushing the shaft; 102-1, a pushing part; 103. positioning pins; 104. pre-tightening the spring; 105. a friction block; 106. pushing the gland; 107. a stop sleeve; 110. a sliding bearing; 120. a gear case; 130. a brake disk.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, an embodiment of the present invention provides an unlocking mechanism for a track-variable wheel set and a track-variable wheel set.

For clarity of the description of the present invention, the present embodiment describes the release mechanism for the variable-gauge wheel set in combination with the variable-gauge wheel set.

As shown in fig. 4 to 7, the track-variable wheel set according to the embodiment of the present invention includes an unlocking mechanism for a track-variable wheel set (simply referred to as an unlocking mechanism in the present invention), a shaft sleeve 20, an outer sleeve 40, an axle 10, and a pair of wheels 30.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a wheel mounting seat 24 is provided on the periphery of the first end of the shaft sleeve 20, the width of the wheel mounting seat 24 is the same as the hub width of the wheel 30, the wheel 30 is tightly mounted on the wheel mounting seat 24, and the wheel 30 can be in interference fit with the wheel mounting seat 24, so as to ensure the reliability of connection between the two.

The second end of the sleeve 20 is configured with a length of first non self-locking threads 21 on the inner circumference. The first non-self-locking threads 21 of the pair of shaft sleeves 20 are opposite in rotation direction, the pair of wheels 30 are fastened on the wheel mounting seats 24 of the pair of shaft sleeves 20, and two sections of second non-self-locking threads 14 which form a non-self-locking thread pair with the first non-self-locking threads 21 are arranged on the axle 10 at intervals; the wheel 30 is mounted on the axle 10 through the shaft sleeve 20, and the first non-self-locking thread 21 is connected with the second non-self-locking thread 14 in a matching mode. After the wheels 30 are unloaded, when the pair of wheels 30 are pushed inwards or outwards at the same time, because the turning directions of the pair of non-self-locking thread pairs are opposite, when the pair of wheels 30 rotate in the same direction, the two wheels 30 can approach or separate from each other until the wheels move to the set track distance changing position, and track distance changing is completed. Through setting up installation axle sleeve 20, make things convenient for wheel 30 to slide along axletree 10 axial and realize becoming the gauge, and make axletree 10 and wheel 30 connection structure simple, become the gauge reliability high. The sleeve 20 is engaged with the second non-self-locking thread 14 of the axle 10 by the first non-self-locking thread 21 for transmitting a portion of the torque and causing relative rotation and lateral movement between the sleeve 20 and the axle 10 in the unlocked state.

Specifically, the length of the first non-self-locking thread 21 is greater than the length of the second non-self-locking thread 14 by a length equal to one half of the gauge change, so that the two wheels 30 can move by one half of the gauge change during rotation of the axle 10 following the respective bushings 20, so that the sum of the distances traveled by the two wheels 30 is equal to the required gauge change distance.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a sliding bearing mounting groove 23 extends from a first end to a second end of the sleeve 20 on the inner circumference of the sleeve 20, the sliding bearing mounting groove 23 is used for mounting the sliding bearing 110 therein, the sliding bearing mounting groove 23 extends to a position close to the first non-self-locking thread 21, the length of the sliding bearing mounting groove 23 is the length of the sliding bearing 110, and the sleeve 20 is smoothly and smoothly slid along the axle 10 by the sliding bearing 110, and the sleeve 20 is protected.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the inner circumference of the sleeve 20 is provided with a packing installation groove for installing an annular packing to seal the end of the sliding bearing 110 at a portion between the sliding bearing installation groove 23 and the first non-self-locking thread 21.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first end portion of the sleeve 20 is provided with a sliding bearing cap mounting groove 25, the sliding bearing cap mounting groove 25 is used for mounting a sliding bearing cap, and a plurality of screw holes are circumferentially spaced at intervals in the bottom surface of the sliding bearing cap mounting groove 25 so that the sliding bearing cap is fixed in the sliding bearing cap mounting groove 25 by a fastener, the sliding bearing 110 is fixed by the sliding bearing cap, and in addition, a seal ring mounting groove is opened in the inner circumference of the sliding bearing cap for mounting a seal ring, thereby forming a seal structure at both ends of the sliding bearing 110 to prevent grease from entering the joint surface of the sliding bearing 110 and the axle 10.

For structural optimization, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the outer surface of the shaft sleeve 20 is in three steps with diameters decreasing from the first end to the second end, the diameter of the wheel mounting seat 24 is the largest, the strength is the highest, and the joints of the steps at each step are transitionally connected through an arc surface, so as to avoid stress concentration at the joints between the steps.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 to 7, the axle 10 is provided with an axial through hole 15 arranged along the axial direction, the outer periphery of the axle 10 near the middle portion is configured with a section of external spline extending along the axial direction of the axle 10, the outer periphery of the axle 10 located at two axial sides of the external spline 11 of the axle is respectively provided with a section of second non-self-locking thread 14 with opposite turning directions, that is, the axle 10 is further provided with two sections of second non-self-locking threads 14 with opposite turning directions, the two sections of second non-self-locking threads 14 are respectively arranged at two axial sides of the external spline, certainly, a space is reserved between each section of the second non-self-locking thread 14 and the outer spline 11 of the axle, the axle 10 is provided with an oblong hole 12 which penetrates through the axle in the radial direction at the position of the outer spline 11 of the axle, that is, the oblong hole 12 and the outer spline are arranged in a superposition mode, and the length direction of the oblong hole 12 is along the axial direction of the axle 10, that is, the length direction of the oblong hole 12 is consistent with the extending direction of the outer spline 11 of the axle.

Furthermore, the provision of the axle 10 with the axial through hole 15 also contributes to a reduction in weight of the axle 10.

Further, the axle 10 is configured with at least one first raceway 13 disposed circumferentially around the axle 10 at a location between one of the second non-self-locking threads 14 and the axle's external spline 11, the first raceway 13 being disposed adjacent the axle's external spline 11.

In this embodiment, the cross section of the first raceway 13 is concave and semicircular.

The outer sleeve 40 is sleeved outside the axle 10, the inner periphery of the outer sleeve 40 is provided with a second rolling way 41 corresponding to the first rolling way 13, and the size and the shape of the second rolling way 41 are consistent with those of the first rolling way 13; the second roller path 41 is provided with a roller body mounting hole, the first roller path 13 and the second roller path 41 are matched to form a rolling space, the rolling space is in a ring shape, the roller body 42 is arranged in the rolling space through the roller body mounting hole, the outer diameter of the roller body 42 is matched with the inner diameter of the rolling space, the roller body 42 can be a ball which fills the rolling space, and a sealing plug is arranged at the roller body mounting hole to prevent impurities such as dust from entering the rolling space; by connecting the outer sleeve 40 with the axle 10 via the rolling bodies 42, the outer sleeve 40 is rotatably connected outside the axle 10, in other words, such that the outer sleeve 40 has a degree of freedom of rotation, but the degree of freedom of movement of the outer sleeve 40 is limited, that is, such that the outer sleeve 40 can rotate but cannot move relative to the axle 10.

As shown in fig. 1, the second end of the sleeve 20 is configured with a length of external splines extending in the axial direction thereof, and the second end of the sleeve 20 is located inside the wheel 30 and faces the outer sleeve 40; the inner circumference of the outer sleeve 40 is located on two axial sides of the second rolling way 41 and is provided with internal splines matched with the external splines on the shaft sleeve 20 at a set distance from the second rolling way 41, and the shaft sleeve 20 and the outer sleeve 40 are matched and connected with the external splines 22 of the shaft sleeve through the internal splines of the outer sleeve 40, so that the shaft sleeve 20 and the outer sleeve 40 can rotate together, or the shaft sleeve 20 can move axially relative to the outer sleeve 40. The present embodiment achieves torque transmission between the wheel 30 and the outer sleeve 40 and lateral slippage between the wheel 30 and the axle 10 by providing the sleeve 20. The shaft sleeve 20 has a simple and reliable structure, and can realize the conversion among various different track gauges.

According to one embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 4, the axle 10 forms an annular flange at the portion where the first raceway 13 is constructed, the outer diameter of the annular flange being larger than the outer diameter of the remaining portion of the axle 10 to form stopper end surfaces at both axial ends of the annular flange.

Specifically, axle housings 50 are respectively mounted to both ends of the axle 10 outside the pair of wheels 30. The unlocking mechanism of the present embodiment includes a thrust conversion mechanism 100 and a thrust rod 90, a gap is maintained between an initial position of a thrust shaft 102 and an initial position of the thrust rod 90, the thrust conversion mechanism 100 and the thrust rod 90 are arranged oppositely, the thrust conversion mechanism 100 can directly apply thrust to the thrust rod 90 by means of external force during rail transfer, and the thrust conversion mechanism 100 is installed at one end of the axle 10 located at the thrust rod 90, that is, the thrust conversion mechanism 100 only needs to be installed at one end of the axle 10.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6 to 7, the thrust conversion mechanism 100 includes an installation seat 101 and a pushing shaft 102 axially penetrating through the installation seat 101, the installation seat 101 is fixedly installed outside the shaft box 50, the pushing shaft 102 is arranged opposite to the thrust rod 90 with a gap, and when the rail side wall of the ground track-changing facility applies an axial thrust to the pushing shaft 102, the pushing shaft 102 pushes the thrust rod 90 to move so as to unlock the wheel 30.

Specifically, the mounting seat 101 is configured to be mounted at an axially outer end of the axle box 50 of the track-variable wheel pair, that is, the mounting seat 101 is vertically disposed when being mounted, and for convenience of description, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" described below in conjunction with the mounting seat 101 are used as references when the mounting seat 101 is in a mounted state.

Specifically, the mounting seat 101 is provided with a horizontal through hole along the horizontal direction; the pushing shaft 102 is movably disposed through the horizontal through hole, and an opening groove is formed at a position opposite to the mounting seat 101 of the pushing shaft 102 and located at one of the pushing shaft 102 and the mounting seat 101, that is, the opening groove may be formed on a radial outer wall of the pushing shaft 102 or on a corresponding inner wall of the mounting seat 101.

The axis of the open slot is perpendicular to the axis of the horizontal through hole, the positioning part is installed in the open slot, the positioning part is connected with the open slot through the elastic pre-tightening part, so that the positioning part can move along the axis of the positioning part to a certain extent, and the other one of the pushing shaft 102 and the mounting seat 101 is constructed with a positioning pit, that is, when the open slot is formed in the pushing shaft 102, the positioning pit is formed in the mounting seat 101, otherwise, when the open slot is formed in the mounting seat 101, the positioning pit is formed in the pushing shaft 102.

Further, the positioning end of the positioning member is matched with the positioning concave, for example, when the positioning end of the positioning member is a spherical surface, the positioning concave is a matched spherical surface, and the two spherical surfaces are matched.

When the positioning end of the positioning element is located in the positioning pit, the pushing shaft 102 is in a locked state, and when the pushing shaft 102 receives a transverse pushing force to make the positioning end of the positioning element leave the positioning pit, the pushing shaft 102 is in a movable state, specifically, the transverse pushing force acts on the positioning end of the positioning element to generate a vertical component force, compress the elastic pre-tightening element, make the positioning element retract into the open slot, remove the transverse positioning of the pushing shaft 102, and at this moment, the pushing shaft 102 is in a movable state, and continuously push the pushing shaft 102 to push the thrust rod 90 to drive the wheel to unlock, and a specific unlocking process will be specifically described below.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the mounting seat 101 includes a seat body 101-1 and an extension seat 101-3 extending along one side of the seat body 101-1, the seat body 101-1 and the extension seat 101-3 are connected by a transition connection seat 101-2 in a frustum shape, a large end of the transition connection seat 101-2 is connected with the seat body 101-1, and a small end of the transition connection seat 101-2 is connected with the extension seat 101-3 to form a structure with a large end and a small end, which can reasonably avoid and match with a ground track-changing facility.

Furthermore, connecting holes are formed in the periphery of the seat body 101-1, and the seat body 101-1 is installed at the outer end of the shaft box body 50 through the connecting pieces penetrating through the connecting holes. The horizontal through hole penetrates through the extension seat 101-3, the transition connecting seat 101-2 and the seat body 101-1, and particularly, the extension seat 101-3, the transition connecting seat 101-2 and the seat body 101-1 are integrally formed, so that the processing is convenient, and the strength is high. The mounting seat 101 of this embodiment is directly mounted at the outer end of the axle box 50, and can simultaneously function as an outer end cover of the axle box 50, and the shape of the seat body 101-1 matches the shape of the outer end of the axle box 50, for example, it can be square and is an inverted arc around the square.

In this embodiment, the base 101-1 is plate-shaped, and the extension base 101-3 is cylindrical. The lower side of the extension seat 101-3 is provided with a notch which is communicated with the end part of the extension seat, and the notch can be formed by cutting off a section of side wall corresponding to a minor arc from the end part of the extension seat 101-3 along the axial direction; the specific length of the cut-out is set according to the length of the required gauge change.

When the positioning end of the positioning piece is positioned in the positioning concave pit, the outer end of the pushing shaft 102 is flush with the outer end of the extension seat 101-3; that is, the pushing shaft 102 moves in the mounting seat 101, specifically the extension seat 101-3, when the pushing shaft 102 is not moved, the outer end of the pushing shaft 102 is flush with the outer end of the extension seat 101-3, and when the pushing shaft 102 is moved, the pushing shaft 102 moves along the gap to the extension seat 101-3.

Specifically, the pushing portion 102-1 is pushed laterally until the positioning end of the positioning member leaves the positioning recess and moves along the notch, and the movable length is equal to the length of the notch.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6 to 7, the outer end of the extension seat 101-3 is provided with a pushing gland 106 for limiting the pushing shaft 102 and preventing the pushing shaft 102 from extending out of the outer end of the extension seat 101-3.

The outer end of the pushing shaft 102 is configured with a connecting part which extends downwards and inclines towards the direction far away from the pushing gland 106, the free end of the connecting part is configured with a pushing part 102-1, the pushing part 102-1 is configured with a vertical plane, and the pushing part 102-1 is arranged at the lower end of the pushing shaft 102, so that the pushing shaft 102 is pushed from the lower part of the pushing shaft 102, on one hand, the pushing shaft can reasonably avoid the pushing gland 106, and on the other hand, the pushing shaft can adapt to the height of the side wall of the track of the ground track-changing facility.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the friction block 105 is installed on the vertical plane of the pushing part 102-1, the friction block 105 is arranged to enhance the strength of the pushing part 102-1 on one hand and prolong the service life of the pushing part 102-1 on the other hand, and when the friction block 105 is worn to reach the service life, the friction block can be directly replaced without replacing the pushing part 102-1 and the mounting seat 101, so that the cost is saved.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the positioning member is a positioning pin 103, the positioning end of the positioning pin 103 is configured as a convex arc surface, such as a convex spherical surface, and the positioning recess is configured as a concave arc surface, such as a concave spherical surface, matching the convex arc surface; the convex arc surface is partially located in the concave arc surface, so that the positioning end can timely withdraw from the positioning pit when being subjected to transverse thrust, and it should be noted that when the positioning pin 103 is subjected to transverse thrust, the convex arc surface is subjected to a vertical thrust component force and a transverse thrust component force, the vertical thrust component force compresses the elastic preload piece to enable the positioning pin 103 to move downwards, and meanwhile, the transverse thrust component force pushes the positioning pin 103 to leave the positioning pit.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the elastic pre-tightening member may be a pre-tightening spring 104, one end of the pre-tightening spring 104 is fastened in the open slot, the other end of the pre-tightening spring 104 is fastened and sleeved on one end of the positioning pin 103 away from the positioning end, the positioning pin 103 may be provided with a connecting end having a diameter smaller than that of the positioning end, a positioning step is formed at a connection position of the connecting end and the positioning end, and the pre-tightening spring 104 is directly sleeved on the connecting end and abuts against the positioning step.

According to one embodiment of the invention, in the track-variable wheel centering, one end of the thrust rod 90 is arranged opposite to the pushing shaft 102 with a gap, and the other end of the thrust rod 90 is connected with the linkage mechanism, and the thrust rod 90 applies thrust to the thrust rod 90 through the pushing shaft 102, so that the thrust rod 90 drives the linkage mechanism to unlock the wheel 30. In the normal operation process of the track-variable wheel pair, a gap is reserved between the thrust rod 90 and the pushing shaft 102, so that the thrust rod 90 and the axle 10 cannot rub against the pushing shaft 102 in the synchronous rotation process.

In one embodiment, the linkage mechanism includes a locking slide ring 60, a thrust pin 80, and a locking spring. Specifically, the locking slip ring 60 is slidably sleeved on the outer spline 11 of the axle, an inner spline matched with the outer spline 11 of the axle is arranged in the locking slip ring 60, an outer spline matched with the inner spline of the outer sleeve 40 is arranged outside the locking slip ring 60, a pair of open grooves are formed in the inner wall of the locking slip ring 60 along the radial direction, openings of the open grooves are communicated with one end of the locking slip ring 60, the thrust pin 80 penetrates through the long circular hole 12, two ends of the thrust pin 80 are exposed out of the long circular hole 12, two ends of the thrust pin 80 exposed out of the long circular hole 12 are embedded in the pair of open grooves through the openings of the open grooves, the length of the thrust pin 80 is the same as the distance between the top walls of the pair of open grooves, two ends of the thrust pin 80 abut against the top walls of the open grooves, in addition, the thickness of the thrust pin 80 is consistent with.

Of course, in order to facilitate the thrust pin 80 to be able to move in the axial direction of the oblong hole 12, the width of the thrust pin 80 is smaller than the length of the oblong hole 12, and the thickness of the thrust pin 80 is smaller than or equal to the width of the oblong hole 12; furthermore, the width of the locking slip ring 60 is not too wide to ensure that the locking slip ring 60 can have an amount of movement in the space between the second raceway 41 of the outer sleeve 40 and the internal splines of the outer sleeve 40. Furthermore, the length of the oblong hole 12 should be slightly smaller than the length of the external splines 11 of the axle, so that the locking slip ring 60 always moves on the external splines 11 of the axle.

When the locking elastic member is in a natural state, at least part of the external splines of the locking slip ring 60 are located in the internal splines of the corresponding side of the outer sleeve 40, and the internal splines of the locking slip ring 60 are engaged with the external splines 11 of the axle to lock the rotation of the outer sleeve 40, so that the outer sleeve 40 is fixed relative to the axle 10, and at this time, the wheel 30, the shaft sleeve 20, the outer sleeve 40 and the axle 10 are in an integral structure, and do not rotate relative to each other, so that the wheel 30 is in a locked state.

One end of the thrust rod 90 penetrates through the axial through hole 15 of the axle 10 and abuts against one side of the thrust pin 80, which is located at the open groove, and the other end of the thrust rod 90 is abutted with the pushing shaft 102, after the axle box body 50 is lifted by the unlocking rail so that the wheel 30 is unloaded, thrust is applied to the thrust pin 80 through the thrust rod 90 so as to drive the locking slip ring 60 to compress the locking elastic member to move on the axle 10 towards the direction away from the internal spline of the outer sleeve 40 so as to be separated from the internal spline of the outer sleeve 40, thereby unlocking the rotational freedom degree of the outer sleeve 40, at this time, if the wheel 30 is pushed, as the shaft sleeve 20 is connected with the axle 10 through the non-self-locking thread pair, the outer sleeve 40, the wheel 30 and the shaft sleeve 20 rotate together around the axle 10, the first non-self-locking thread 21 of the shaft sleeve 20 moves in rotation along the second non-self, until the track gauge change is completed.

After the track distance is changed, the ground track changing facility does not apply thrust to the ejector shaft 102 any more, that is, the thrust of the thrust rod 90 to the thrust pin 80 is removed at this time, the thrust pin 80 will return to the original position along with the locking slide ring 60 under the elastic resetting action of the locking elastic member, that is, the external splines of the locking slide ring 60 are reinserted into the internal splines of the external sleeve 40 to lock the rotational freedom of the external sleeve 40, at this time, the shaft sleeve 20 and the external sleeve 40 cannot rotate relative to the axle 10, the shaft sleeve 20 and the external sleeve 40 can only rotate together with the axle 10, that is, the shaft sleeve 20 and the external sleeve 40 are locked on the axle 10, and the wheel 30 is locked again.

In this embodiment, the end of the axle 10 is fixed with the stop sleeve 107, the stop sleeve 107 and the axial through hole 15 are coaxially arranged, and the stop sleeve 107 has a part extending into the axial through hole 15, so that the stop sleeve 107 is reliably mounted, the inner diameter of the stop sleeve 107 is matched with the outer diameter of the pushing shaft 102, and the pushing shaft 102 is ensured not to shake in the moving process, the pushing shaft 102 enters the axial through hole 15 through the stop sleeve 107 and pushes the thrust rod 90, and the moving process is stable.

In order to ensure that the thrust rod 90 can be restored to the original position after the track gauge is changed, a positioning section 90-1 is configured at one end of the thrust rod 90 opposite to the pushing shaft 102, the diameter of the positioning section 90-1 is smaller than that of the thrust rod 90, so that a positioning step surface is formed at the joint of the positioning section 90-1 and the thrust rod 90, and the positioning step surface is used for being attached to the end of the stop sleeve 107 to limit the position of the thrust rod 90, so that the thrust rod 90 is prevented from exceeding the movement amount, and the positioning of the thrust rod 90 is accurate.

The embodiment has the advantages of convenient and reliable track gauge changing and simple overall structure.

In this embodiment, the first non-self-locking thread 21 is a trapezoidal thread, and correspondingly, the second non-self-locking thread 14 is a trapezoidal thread matched with the trapezoidal thread, so that the performance of the trapezoidal thread is reliable.

It should be noted that, the locking elastic member may also be other elastic sleeves with certain elasticity.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, an annular boss is provided at the position where the outer sleeve 40 is configured with the second raceway 41 on the inner circumference, the second raceway 41 is formed on the annular boss, after the outer sleeve 40 is connected with the axle 10 through balls, a pair of mounting spaces of the shaft sleeve 20 are formed between the outer sleeve 40 and the axle 10 at both axial sides of the rolling space, the shaft sleeve 20 is firstly respectively sleeved on the axle 10 in a sliding manner from both ends of the axle 10, during the sliding process, the sliding bearing 110 is in sliding contact with the axle 10 and is inserted into the outer sleeve 40 from the mounting space, the external spline 22 of the shaft sleeve axially moves relative to the internal spline of the outer sleeve 40 until the first non-self-locking thread 21 of the shaft sleeve 20 is in contact with the second non-self-locking thread 14 of the axle 10, and the shaft sleeve 20 is rotated, so that the first non-self.

For a railcar track-changing pair, the outer sleeve 40 externally mounts a gear box 120, and for a trailer track-changing pair, the outer sleeve 40 externally mounts a plurality of spaced apart brake discs 130.

In order to improve the reliability of the connection of the outer sleeve 40 with the axle 10, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the first raceway 13 is two, the two first raceways 13 are arranged side by side, and correspondingly, the second raceway 41 is two, thereby forming two raceway spaces side by side.

Further, the axle 10 is divided into a main axle shaft and a sub axle shaft by the first raceway 13, and the portion of the axle 10 provided with the external splines and the oblong hole 12 is the main axle shaft. The locking slip ring 60 is mounted on the main half shaft, the opening groove of the locking slip ring 60 opens towards the free end of the main half shaft, and the locking spring 70 is mounted between the stop end face of the annular flange and the locking slip ring 60.

For structural optimization, the first raceway 13 is disposed adjacent to the external spline 11 of the axle.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the spacing between the external splines 11 of the axle and the adjacent second non self-locking threads 14 is equal to the spacing between the annular flange and the adjacent second non self-locking threads 14, and equal to half of the variable track pitch, which is the space for the movement of the first non self-locking threads 21 of the sleeve 20.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, both axial ends of the axle 10 are constructed as stepped shafts having both ends with a smaller diameter than the middle diameter, so that both end shafts of the stepped shafts are used to mount the axle case 50.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the intermediate shaft of the stepped shaft is formed with a sliding section at a location between each section of the second non-self-locking thread 14 and the shaft end of the intermediate shaft, respectively, to facilitate the sliding of the sliding bearing 110 of the sleeve 20 relative to the axle 10.

On the other hand, the ground track-changing facility provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for applying a track-changing external force to a track-changing wheel pair, the ground track-changing facility is provided with a driving rail, the length direction of the driving rail is arranged along the running direction of the track-changing wheel pair, the side surface of the driving rail is provided with a section of unlocking inclined surface, of course, the side surface is one side close to the track-changing wheel pair, the inclined direction of the unlocking inclined surface inclines towards the side close to the track-changing wheel pair along the running direction, so that the outer end of a pushing shaft 102 of a thrust of a conversion mechanism can be pushed by the unlocking inclined surface and pushes a thrust rod 90 to unlock the wheels in the running process of the track-changing wheel pair along the running direction.

The embodiment realizes the track transfer process as follows:

1. unlocking the section: the axle box 50 is gradually raised by the unlocking rail, so that the wheels 30 are unloaded, and after the thrust conversion mechanism 100 is triggered by the unlocking inclined plane of the driving rail, the pushing shaft 102 is pushed to contact the thrust rod 90 inwards, the thrust pin 80 and the locking slide ring 60 are pushed to move inwards and compress the locking spring 70 until the locking slide ring 60 is separated from the inner spline of the outer sleeve 40, and the rotation restriction between the axle 10 and the shaft sleeve 20 is released.

2. A variable pitch section: and when the vehicle enters a variable-pitch section, the wheel 30 moves inwards (or outwards) under the action of a variable-track-pitch transverse force, and the wheel 30 and the shaft sleeve 20 integrally rotate around the non-self-locking thread pair to reach a target track pitch.

3. A locking section: and entering a locking section, gradually reducing the unlocking rail and withdrawing the supporting function, moving the locking slide ring 60 and the like outwards under the thrust action of the locking spring 70 to be inserted into the internal spline of the outer sleeve 40 to realize locking again, resetting the pushing shaft 102 under the restoring force action of the locking spring 70 and separating from the contact with the thrust rod 90, finishing the rail changing process, completely locking the wheel pair, and entering a normal operation state again.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The unlocking mechanism for the track-variable wheel pair is characterized by comprising a thrust rod horizontally penetrating through an axial through hole of an axle of the track-variable wheel pair and a thrust conversion mechanism for pushing the thrust rod to unlock wheels of the track-variable wheel pair;

the thrust conversion mechanism includes:

2. The release mechanism for track-variable wheel sets according to claim 1, further comprising a stop sleeve for fixing to an end of the axle, the stop sleeve being disposed coaxially with the axial through hole, the stop sleeve partially extending into the axial through hole, an inner diameter of the stop sleeve matching an outer diameter of the thrust shaft, the thrust shaft entering the axial through hole from the stop sleeve and pushing the thrust rod;

3. The unlocking mechanism for track-variable wheel sets according to claim 1, wherein the mounting seat comprises a seat body and an extension seat extending to one side along the seat body, the seat body is connected with the extension seat through a transition connecting seat in a frustum shape, the large end of the transition connecting seat is connected with the seat body, the small end of the transition connecting seat is connected with the extension seat, connecting holes are formed in the periphery of the seat body, and the horizontal through hole penetrates through the extension seat, the transition connecting seat and the seat body.

4. The unlocking mechanism for track-variable wheel sets as claimed in claim 3, wherein the lower side of the extension seat is provided with a notch communicated with the end part of the extension seat;

5. The unlocking mechanism for track-variable wheel sets as claimed in claim 4, wherein a pushing gland is mounted at the outer end of the extension seat;

6. The release mechanism for track-variable wheel sets according to claim 5, wherein a friction block is mounted on the vertical plane of the pushing portion.

7. The unlocking mechanism for track-variable wheel sets according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the positioning member is a positioning pin, the positioning end of the positioning pin is configured as a convex arc surface, and the positioning recess is configured as a concave arc surface matched with the convex arc surface; the convex arc surface part is positioned in the concave arc surface.

8. The unlocking mechanism for the track-variable wheel pair as claimed in claim 7, wherein the elastic pre-tightening piece is a pre-tightening spring, one end of the pre-tightening spring is fastened in the open slot, and the other end of the pre-tightening spring is fastened and sleeved on one end of the positioning pin far away from the positioning end.

9. A track-variable wheelset comprising an axle, a pair of wheels mounted on said axle, and a pair of axle housings mounted on said axle and located outside said wheels, further comprising:

the release mechanism for track-variable wheel sets according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the mounting seat is mounted at an outer end of the axle housing near one end of the thrust rod;

10. The pair of track-changing wheels according to claim 9, further comprising:

11. Gauge-changing wheel pair according to claim 10,

the outer periphery of the axle close to the middle part is provided with a section of external spline extending along the axial direction of the axle, the axle is provided with a long round hole penetrating along the radial direction of the axle at the position of the external spline of the axle, and the length direction of the long round hole is along the axial direction of the axle;

12. The pair of track-varying wheels according to claim 11, wherein said linkage mechanism comprises a locking slip ring, a thrust pin and a locking elastic member;

13. Gauge-changing wheel pair according to claim 12,

the length of the first non-self-locking thread is greater than that of the second non-self-locking thread and is equal to half of the variable gauge;

the locking elastic piece is a locking spring.

14. A ground track-changing facility for applying a track-changing external force to a track-changing wheel pair according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein the ground track-changing facility is provided with a driving rail, the length direction of the driving rail is arranged along the running direction of the track-changing wheel pair, and the side surface of the driving rail is provided with a section of unlocking inclined surface.