CN111805168A - Method for machining fine and deep taper hole - Google Patents
Method for machining fine and deep taper hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN111805168A CN111805168A CN202010720371.2A CN202010720371A CN111805168A CN 111805168 A CN111805168 A CN 111805168A CN 202010720371 A CN202010720371 A CN 202010720371A CN 111805168 A CN111805168 A CN 111805168A
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- taper hole
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P13/00—Making metal objects by operations essentially involving machining but not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P13/02—Making metal objects by operations essentially involving machining but not covered by a single other subclass in which only the machining operations are important
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B35/00—Methods for boring or drilling, or for working essentially requiring the use of boring or drilling machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B41/00—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
- B23B41/06—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for boring conical holes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for machining a fine and deep taper hole, and belongs to the technical field of machining. The processing method of the fine and deep taper hole comprises the following steps: the workpiece is processed in sections through a drill bit of a lathe to obtain a thin and deep taper hole; removing the internal allowance of the upper end of the fine and deep taper hole by a milling cutter of a vertical numerical control milling machine; removing the internal allowance of the lower end of the fine and deep taper hole through a taper drill bit of the vertical numerical control milling machine; and (5) performing fine correction on the fine and deep taper holes through a taper reamer of the boring mill. The method for processing the fine and deep taper hole improves the processing qualification rate and the processing efficiency of parts and has higher processing economy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a method for machining a deep and thin taper hole.
Background
The high-precision fine and deep taper hole has the following characteristics: (1) the cutting forming is difficult due to the characteristics of small size and small structure; (2) the taper hole is narrow and long; (3) the tolerance of the aperture and the angle size is small; (4) the requirement on the roughness of the inner surface of the taper hole is high.
The existing processing method comprises the following steps: and (3) adopting high-precision electric spark equipment, and replacing the electrode for finish machining after rough machining is finished to realize characteristic forming.
However, the conventional processing method has the following problems: (1) the electrode loss is serious in the processing process, and one set of electrode is consumed for processing one feature; (2) the taper hole is narrow and deep, so that the chip removal is difficult after the electrode discharges, and carbon is easy to accumulate, so that the part processing period is long, and the surface roughness is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for processing a fine and deep taper hole, which solves or partially solves the technical problems of poor processing precision and surface quality and low processing efficiency in the prior art of processing a high-precision fine and deep taper hole by adopting high-precision electric spark equipment.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for processing a deep and thin taper hole, which comprises the following steps: the workpiece is processed in sections through a drill bit of a lathe to obtain a thin and deep taper hole; removing the internal allowance of the upper end of the fine and deep taper hole by a milling cutter of a vertical numerical control milling machine; removing the internal allowance of the lower end of the fine and deep taper hole through a taper drill bit of the vertical numerical control milling machine; and (5) performing fine correction on the fine and deep taper holes through a taper reamer of the boring mill.
Further, the depth-diameter ratio of the thin and deep taper holes is more than 10; the surface roughness of the fine and deep taper hole is less than 1.6.
Further, the step processing the workpiece through the drill of the lathe comprises: drilling a workpiece through a first drill bit; when the first drill bit drills to the depth of the fine and deep taper hole 1/3, the first drill bit is replaced by a second drill bit, and the workpiece is drilled through the second drill bit; when the second drill bit drills to the depth of the fine and deep taper hole 2/3, the second drill bit is replaced by a third drill bit, and the workpiece is drilled through by the third drill bit.
Further, the diameter of the first drill is 3mm, the diameter of the second drill is 2.1mm, and the diameter of the third drill is 1.2 mm.
Furthermore, when a drill bit of the lathe carries out segmented processing on the workpiece, the workpiece is drilled in a multi-tool retracting mode, and soybean oil is coated on the drill bit after the workpiece is retracted; the cutting parameters are as follows: the main shaft rotation speed S is 400-.
Further, the removing of the internal allowance of the upper end of the fine and deep taper hole by the milling cutter of the vertical numerically controlled milling machine comprises: removing the allowance in the upper end with the diameter phi of 3mm of the fine and deep taper hole by adopting a phi 3 milling cutter, wherein the single-side allowance of the taper hole is 0.05 mm; spirally feeding along the thin and deep taper hole during processing; the cutting parameters are as follows: the main shaft rotation speed S is 1200-1800r/min, and the feeding speed F is 28-42 mm/min.
Further, the step of removing the internal allowance of the lower end of the deep taper hole through the taper drill of the vertical numerically controlled milling machine comprises: and (3) removing the internal allowance of the lower end with the diameter phi of 3mm of the fine and deep taper hole by adopting a taper drill, and flattening the machined part of the milling cutter, wherein the single-side allowance of the taper hole is 0.05 mm.
Further, a 'pecking method' is adopted for processing, the internal allowance of the lower end of the fine and deep taper hole is removed and finished for multiple times, the cutter paths at the milling and drilling positions are ensured to be overlapped and smoothly transited, and the cutter paths are connected with the processed part of the milling cutter; selecting cutting parameters: the main shaft rotation speed S is 400-.
Further, the taper drill has dimensions of 1.2 × 3 × 10 °.
Further, the tapered reamer has dimensions of 1.2 × 6 × 10 °.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the workpiece is processed in a segmented mode through the drill bit of the lathe to obtain the fine and deep taper holes, the internal allowance of the upper end of the fine and deep taper holes is removed through the milling cutter of the vertical numerical control milling machine, the internal allowance of the lower end of the fine and deep taper holes is removed through the taper drill bit of the vertical numerical control milling machine, the fine and deep taper holes are corrected through the taper reamer of the boring machine, the part processing qualified rate and the processing efficiency are improved, and the processing economy is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for machining a deep taper hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a deep taper hole structure of the deep taper hole processing method of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the drilling cutting processing of the deep and thin tapered hole processing method of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of chip processing of the deep taper hole in the deep taper hole processing method of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a method for processing a deep taper hole according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
and step S1, performing segmented machining on the workpiece through a drill of the lathe to obtain the fine and deep taper holes.
And step S2, removing the internal allowance of the upper end of the fine and deep taper hole through a milling cutter of the vertical numerical control milling machine.
And step S3, removing the internal allowance of the lower end of the fine and deep taper hole through a taper drill of the vertical numerical control milling machine.
And step S4, performing fine correction on the fine and deep taper holes through the taper reamer of the boring mill.
This application embodiment is owing to carry out segmentation processing to the work piece through the drill bit of lathe, obtains thin dark taper hole, gets rid of the inside surplus in upper end of thin dark taper hole through vertical numerically controlled fraise machine's milling cutter, gets rid of the inside surplus of lower extreme of thin dark taper hole through vertical numerically controlled fraise machine's tapering drill bit, carries out the fine school to thin dark taper hole through the tapering reamer of boring machine, has improved part processing qualification rate and machining efficiency, and processing economy is higher.
Specifically, the depth-diameter ratio of the thin and deep taper holes is more than 10; the surface roughness of the fine and deep taper hole is less than 1.6.
Step S1 is described in detail.
The step processing of the workpiece by the drill of the lathe comprises:
and S11, drilling the workpiece through the first drill.
And S12, when the first drill bit drills to the depth of the fine and deep taper hole 1/3, the first drill bit is replaced by a second drill bit, and the workpiece is drilled through the second drill bit.
And S13, when the second drill bit drills to the depth of the fine and deep taper hole 2/3, the second drill bit is replaced by a third drill bit, and the workpiece is drilled through the third drill bit.
Wherein, the diameter of first drill bit is 3mm, and the diameter of second drill bit is 2.1mm, and the diameter of third drill bit is 1.2mm, and during drilling, the lateral wall is according to 0.5mm allowance.
And the centering performance and stability during drilling are ensured by adopting segmented processing.
When a drill bit of a lathe carries out segmented processing on a workpiece, the workpiece is drilled in a multi-tool withdrawal mode, soybean oil is coated on the drill bit after the workpiece is withdrawn, and drilling conditions are improved by using an oil film.
The drilling parameters are as follows: the main shaft rotation speed S is 400-.
Step S2 is described in detail.
The internal allowance of the upper end of the fine and deep taper hole removed by the milling cutter of the vertical numerical control milling machine comprises:
and step S21, removing the allowance in the upper end of the fine and deep taper hole with the diameter phi 3mm by adopting a phi 3 milling cutter, wherein the single side allowance of the taper hole is 0.05 mm.
And step S22, feeding along the thin and deep taper hole in a spiral mode during machining, and ensuring that the cutter path is smooth.
The cutting parameters are as follows: the main shaft rotation speed S is 1200-1800r/min, and the feeding speed F is 28-42 mm/min.
Step S3 is described in detail.
The taper drill bit through vertical numerically controlled fraise machine gets rid of the inside surplus of lower extreme of thin dark taper hole includes:
and (3) removing the internal allowance of the lower end with the diameter phi of 3mm of the fine and deep taper hole by adopting a taper drill, and flattening the machined part of the milling cutter, wherein the single-side allowance of the taper hole is 0.05 mm.
The hole pecking method is adopted for processing, the internal allowance of the lower end of the deep and thin taper hole is removed and completed for multiple times, the cutter paths of milling and drilling positions are ensured to be coincident, smooth transition is realized, and the milling and drilling positions are connected with the processed part of the milling cutter.
Selecting cutting parameters: the main shaft rotation speed S is 400-.
The size of the taper drill bit is phi 1.2 multiplied by phi 3 multiplied by 10 degrees, and the lower end precision of the fine and deep taper hole is ensured to meet the requirement.
The size of the taper reamer is phi 1.2 multiplied by phi 6 multiplied by 10 degrees, and the size precision and the surface roughness of the fine and deep taper hole are ensured.
The cutter body of the taper reamer is made of an ultrafine grain hard alloy material, and the surface of the cutter body is coated with alumina and titanium nitride, so that the heat insulation property and the wear resistance of the taper reamer are ensured, the cutting resistance in the large contact area machining of a taper hole is reduced, and the smoothness of the machined surface is improved.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for processing a fine and deep taper hole is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the workpiece is processed in sections through a drill bit of a lathe to obtain a thin and deep taper hole;
removing the internal allowance of the upper end of the fine and deep taper hole by a milling cutter of a vertical numerical control milling machine;
removing the internal allowance of the lower end of the fine and deep taper hole through a taper drill bit of the vertical numerical control milling machine;
and (5) performing fine correction on the fine and deep taper holes through a taper reamer of the boring mill.
2. The method of processing a deep taper hole according to claim 1, wherein:
the depth-diameter ratio of the thin and deep taper holes is more than 10;
the surface roughness of the fine and deep taper hole is less than 1.6.
3. The fine and deep taper hole processing method according to claim 1, wherein the step-processing the workpiece by a drill of a lathe includes:
drilling a workpiece through a first drill bit;
when the first drill bit drills to the depth of the fine and deep taper hole 1/3, the first drill bit is replaced by a second drill bit, and the workpiece is drilled through the second drill bit;
when the second drill bit drills to the depth of the fine and deep taper hole 2/3, the second drill bit is replaced by a third drill bit, and the workpiece is drilled through by the third drill bit.
4. The method of processing a deep taper hole according to claim 3, wherein:
the diameter of first drill bit is 3mm, the diameter of second drill bit is 2.1mm, the diameter of third drill bit is 1.2 mm.
5. The method of processing a deep taper hole according to claim 1, wherein:
when a drill bit of a lathe processes a workpiece in a segmented mode, drilling in a multi-tool withdrawal mode, and after withdrawal, coating soybean oil on the drill bit;
the cutting parameters are as follows: the main shaft rotation speed S is 400-.
6. The method of processing a fine and deep tapered hole according to claim 1, wherein the removing of the upper end internal allowance of the fine and deep tapered hole by a milling cutter of a vertical numerically controlled milling machine comprises:
removing the allowance in the upper end with the diameter phi of 3mm of the fine and deep taper hole by adopting a phi 3 milling cutter, wherein the single-side allowance of the taper hole is 0.05 mm;
spirally feeding along the thin and deep taper hole during processing;
the cutting parameters are as follows: the main shaft rotation speed S is 1200-1800r/min, and the feeding speed F is 28-42 mm/min.
7. The method for processing a deep taper hole according to claim 1, wherein said removing the inner allowance of the lower end of the deep taper hole by the taper drill of the vertical numerically controlled milling machine comprises:
and (3) removing the internal allowance of the lower end with the diameter phi of 3mm of the fine and deep taper hole by adopting a taper drill, and flattening the machined part of the milling cutter, wherein the single-side allowance of the taper hole is 0.05 mm.
8. The method of processing a deep taper hole according to claim 7, wherein:
the hole pecking method is adopted for processing, the internal allowance removal of the lower end of the deep and thin taper hole is completed for multiple times, the cutter paths of milling and drilling positions are ensured to be overlapped, smooth transition is realized, and the milling and drilling positions are connected with the processed part of the milling cutter;
selecting cutting parameters: the main shaft rotation speed S is 400-.
9. The method of processing a deep taper hole according to claim 1, wherein:
the size of the taper drill bit is phi 1.2 multiplied by phi 3 multiplied by 10 degrees.
10. The method of processing a deep taper hole according to claim 1, wherein:
the dimensions of the tapered reamer are phi 1.2 x phi 6 x 10 deg..
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010720371.2A CN111805168A (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | Method for machining fine and deep taper hole |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010720371.2A CN111805168A (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | Method for machining fine and deep taper hole |
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| CN111805168A true CN111805168A (en) | 2020-10-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010720371.2A Pending CN111805168A (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | Method for machining fine and deep taper hole |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113245786A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-13 | 昆山佐科自动化设备有限公司 | Fine machining process for narrow cavity of template |
| CN114378325A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-22 | 一重集团大连核电石化有限公司 | Method for machining special-shaped deep hole in large workpiece |
| CN115122046A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-09-30 | 西安万威机械制造股份有限公司 | Numerical control machining method for taper hole |
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| CN104043859A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-09-17 | 重庆江增船舶重工有限公司 | Processing method of axial conical pin hole for small gap of multiple stages of wheel discs of steam turbine rotor |
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2020
- 2020-07-24 CN CN202010720371.2A patent/CN111805168A/en active Pending
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113245786A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-13 | 昆山佐科自动化设备有限公司 | Fine machining process for narrow cavity of template |
| CN114378325A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-22 | 一重集团大连核电石化有限公司 | Method for machining special-shaped deep hole in large workpiece |
| CN114378325B (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2023-07-04 | 一重集团大连核电石化有限公司 | Method for machining special-shaped deep holes in large-sized workpiece |
| CN115122046A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-09-30 | 西安万威机械制造股份有限公司 | Numerical control machining method for taper hole |
| CN115122046B (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2023-04-28 | 西安万威机械制造股份有限公司 | Numerical control machining method for taper holes |
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Application publication date: 20201023 |
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