CN111804161A - For CO2Separated amino acid ion liquid coated nano microsphere/polymer hybrid membrane - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/66—Polymers having sulfur in the main chain, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
- B01D71/68—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/228—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion characterised by specific membranes
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0006—Organic membrane manufacture by chemical reactions
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- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
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Abstract
The invention aims to have high CO by introducing2Amino acid ionic liquid with adsorption and absorption properties, and further high-performance CO is prepared2Separating the membrane. Specifically, the AAILs @ polymer (core-shell) composite nano-microspheres are prepared by interfacial polymerization of a microemulsion system on the basis of amino acid ionic liquid, and then the composite nano-microspheres are compounded with the traditional CO2Separation membrane material combination, and preparation of organic carbon dioxide (CO) by phase inversion method and coating method2High speed penetration and high separation channel polymer/(AAILs @ polymer (core-shell) composite nano microsphere) hybrid non-paired membrane and composite membrane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a microemulsion polymerization and hybrid membrane preparation technology, in particular to a polymer nano microsphere coated with amino acid ionic liquid prepared by a microemulsion polymerization method, and then the nano microsphere is introduced into a polymerization membrane to prepare a polymer/(amino acid ionic liquid @ polymer (core-shell) composite nano microsphere) hybrid membrane.
Background
Separating and trapping CO in the related fields of chemical industry, energy, environment and the like2Is an important chemical process with environmental protection and economy. The membrane separation technology has the advantages of low energy consumption, high efficiency, small occupied area, convenient operation and the like, and is used for removing CO2Is ideal forOne of the techniques.
The Amino Acid Ionic Liquids (AAILs) have excellent CO2Absorption and adsorption capacities, many researchers began to apply AAILs to CO2Separation and collection field. At the same time, AAILs separate CO in membrane technology2The field is also developed, but the test and the operation can only be carried out under very low pressure, and the defect of no high pressure resistance seriously hinders the subsequent development of the test and the operation.
To solve this problem, this patent developed AAILs-coated polymeric composite nanospheres (i.e., AAILs @ polymeric (core-shell) composite nanospheres): (1) functionalized AAILs with microsphere cores can provide high-speed CO2A permeate and separate channel; (2) the microsphere coating mode can overcome the defect that AAILs are easy to run off under high pressure, and the polymer spherical shell can effectively avoid the problem of an organic/inorganic hybrid phase interface; (3) the nano-sized microspheres can be better added into a separation skin layer of the composite membrane, and the hybrid composite membrane can be prepared more easily.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to prepare the catalyst for CO2Separated amino acid ion liquid coated nano microsphere/polymer hybrid membrane
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
based on amino acid ionic liquid, the AAILs @ polymer (core-shell) composite nano-microspheres are prepared by microemulsion system interfacial polymerization and then combined with the traditional CO2Separation membrane material for preparing organic compound with CO2High speed penetration and high separation channel polymer/(AAILs @ polymer (core-shell) composite nano microsphere) hybrid membrane.
Specifically, the preparation method of the invention comprises the following steps:
1. preparing a compound/(AAILs @ polymer (core-shell) composite nano microsphere) hybrid membrane, which comprises the following steps:
a, preparing a microemulsion system reaction solution: firstly, respectively dissolving monomers and a cross-linking agent required by microsphere preparation in AAILs and an organic solvent, then mixing a certain amount of AAILs in which the monomers are dissolved, the organic solvent in which the cross-linking agent is dissolved and an emulsifier according to a certain proportion to prepare a microemulsion system of coating the AAILs with the organic solvent, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to completely obtain a clear solution, standing for 48h, finally forming polymer nano microspheres coated with the AAILs after the cross-linking agent and the monomers are completely polymerized, suspending white precipitates of the nano-sized microspheres in the solution, washing with a large amount of the organic solvent, filtering, carrying out vacuum drying on the obtained white composite microspheres for 72h at 60 ℃, and storing the finished product in a dryer at normal temperature.
b preparation of hybrid asymmetric membranes: preparing a certain amount of composite nano microspheres, a commercial polymer, an organic solvent and a pore-forming agent into a homogeneous system solution in a certain proportion, standing for 24 hours for defoaming, scraping on non-woven fabrics by a small-sized film scraping machine, preparing a hybridized asymmetric film by a phase inversion method through a gel water bath, standing in water for 48 hours to completely complete solvent replacement, taking out, and vacuum-drying at 100 ℃ for 24 hours for later use.
c, preparing a hybrid composite membrane: preparing a certain amount of composite nano-microspheres, commercial polymers, organic solvents and pore-forming agents into a coating solution in a certain proportion, standing for 24 hours and defoaming for later use. The prepared polymer porous base membrane was then removed (base membrane nitrogen flux 50000GPU (1 GPU-10)-6cm3(STP)/(cm2scmHg)), and coating with a small coating machine, and after coating, placing in air for half an hour, and then placing in an oven for drying at 80 ℃ for 5 hours for later use.
d, preservation of the membrane: storing in a desiccator at room temperature.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the AAILs used in step a are: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium glycinate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium lysine, tetrabutylphosphine glycinate, tetrabutylphosphine serine, tetrabutylphosphine lysine, tetrabutylphosphine proline, tetramethylammonium glycinate, tetramethylammonium lysine.
The process according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent used in step a: cyclohexane, N-hexane, N-heptane, chloroform, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, water, methanol, ethanol, N-butanol, isobutanol, N-dimethylacetamide, N-dimethylformamide, N-methyl-pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, perfluoro (N-methylmorpholine).
4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the additives used in step a are: polyethylene glycol 200, polyethylene glycol 400, polyethylene glycol 600, polyethylene glycol 800, 1, 4-butyrolactone and water.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the monomers used in step a for preparing the microspheres are: 5, 5 ', 6, 6 ' -tetrahydroxy-3, 3, 3 ', 3 ' -tetramethyl-1, 1 ' -spirobiindane, diphenolylpropane, phenylenediamine (e.g., m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine) and its derivatives, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, polyethyleneimine, methyl-m-phenylenediamine, ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, octamethylenediamine, branched polyamidopolyamine, di (2-aminopropyl) polypropylene glycol-block-polyethylene glycol-block-polypropylene glycol.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the crosslinking agent used in step a to prepare the microspheres is: trimesoyl chloride, terephthaloyl chloride, isophthaloyl chloride, phthaloyl chloride, 1, 5-naphthalenedisulfonyl chloride, 1, 3, 6-trisulfonyl chloride, 5-oxoformyl chloride-isopeptide acyl chloride, 5-isocyanate-isopeptide acyl chloride, 1, 3, 5-cyclohexanetrioyl chloride, 3, 5, 5-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid chloride.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the commercial polymers used in steps b and c are: polysulfones, polyether sulfones, polyetherimides, polyacrylonitriles, polyamide-polyethylene oxide copolymers (Pebax)TM) And silicone rubber.
The invention has the following advantages:
will have a high CO2The absorbing AAILs are coated with nanoparticles and then incorporated into the polymer. Preparation of a catalyst having CO2The hybrid membrane of the polymer/(AAILs @ polymer (core-shell) composite nano microspheres) with high-speed permeation and high separation channels has good application prospect.
Example 1
Firstly, respectively dissolving a monomer 5, 5 ', 6, 6 ' -tetrahydroxy-3, 3, 3 ', 3 ' -tetramethyl-1, 1 ' -spiral biindane and a cross-linking agent trimesoyl chloride in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole glycinate aqueous solution and normal hexane, then adding an emulsifier isopropanol, mixing according to the ratio of (ionic liquid aqueous solution) 5 to (n-hexane) 3 to (isopropanol) 2 to prepare an oil-in-water emulsion system, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to completely obtain a clear solution, standing for 48h, finally forming polymer nano microspheres coated with amino acid ionic liquid after complete polymerization reaction, suspending white precipitates with nano-sized microspheres in the solution, washing with methanol, filtering to obtain white composite microsphere, vacuum drying at 60 deg.C for 72 hr, and storing in a drier at room temperature.
Preparation of a hybrid asymmetric membrane: 0.1 wt.% of the composite nano microsphere, 39.9 wt.% of polysulfone, 27 wt.% of N-methyl-pyrrolidone and 15 wt.% of additive 1-4 butyrolactone, 8 wt.% of additive absolute ethyl alcohol are prepared into a homogeneous system solution according to the proportion, the homogeneous system solution is kept stand for defoaming and is used for standby, a small film scraping machine is used for scraping on non-woven fabrics, a gel water bath is used for preparing a hybridized asymmetric membrane by a phase inversion method, the heterogeneous asymmetric membrane is placed in water for 48 hours to completely complete solvent replacement, and the heterogeneous asymmetric membrane is taken out and is dried in vacuum at 100 ℃ for 24 hours for standby.
Preparing a pure polysulfone asymmetric membrane: preparing homogeneous system solution with 40 wt.% of polysulfone, 27 wt.% of N-methyl-pyrrolidone and 15 wt.% of additive 1-4 butyrolactone and 8 wt.% of additive absolute ethyl alcohol, standing for 24h, defoaming for later use, scraping on non-woven fabric by a small film scraping machine, preparing a hybridized asymmetric membrane by a gel water bath and a phase inversion method, standing in water for 48h to completely complete solvent replacement, and taking out and vacuum-drying at 100 ℃ for 24h for later use.
And (3) preservation of the film: storing in a desiccator at room temperature.
Gas separation performance of pure polysulfone asymmetric membranes: pCO2＝60GPU αCO2/N2＝29
Gas separation performance of the asymmetric membrane of hybrid polysulfone: pCO2＝109GPU αCO2/N2＝35
Example 2
Firstly, respectively dissolving 5, 5 ', 6, 6 ' -tetrahydroxy-3, 3, 3 ', 3 ' -tetramethyl-1, 1 ' -spirobiindane and a crosslinking agent trimesoyl chloride in tetrabutyl phosphine proline salt aqueous solution and n-hexane, then adding an emulsifier isopropanol, mixing and preparing an oil-in-water emulsion system according to the ratio of (ionic liquid aqueous solution) 5: n-hexane 3: isopropanol 2, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to completely obtain a clear solution, standing for 48h, finally forming polymer nano microspheres coated with amino acid ionic liquid after complete polymerization reaction, suspending white precipitates with nano-sized microspheres in the solution, washing with a large amount of methanol, filtering, drying the obtained white composite microspheres in vacuum at 60 ℃ for 72h, and storing the finished product in a dryer at normal temperature.
Preparation of a hybrid asymmetric membrane: 0.1 wt.% of the composite nano microsphere, 39.9 wt.% of polysulfone, 27 wt.% of N-methyl-pyrrolidone and 15 wt.% of additive 1-4 butyrolactone, 8 wt.% of additive absolute ethyl alcohol are prepared into a homogeneous system solution according to the proportion, the homogeneous system solution is kept stand for defoaming and is used for standby, a small film scraping machine is used for scraping on non-woven fabrics, a gel water bath is used for preparing a hybridized asymmetric membrane by a phase inversion method, the heterogeneous asymmetric membrane is placed in water for 48 hours to completely complete solvent replacement, and the heterogeneous asymmetric membrane is taken out and is dried in vacuum at 100 ℃ for 24 hours for standby.
And (3) preservation of the film: storing in a desiccator at room temperature.
Gas separation performance of the asymmetric membrane of hybrid polysulfone: pCO2＝200GPU αCO2/N2＝60
Example 3
Firstly, respectively dissolving 5, 5 ', 6, 6 ' -tetrahydroxy-3, 3, 3 ', 3 ' -tetramethyl-1, 1 ' -spirobiindane and a crosslinking agent trimesoyl chloride in tetrabutyl phosphine proline salt aqueous solution and n-hexane, then adding an emulsifier isopropanol, mixing and preparing an oil-in-water emulsion system according to the ratio of (ionic liquid aqueous solution) 5: n-hexane 3: isopropanol 2, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to completely obtain a clear solution, standing for 48h, finally forming polymer nano microspheres coated with amino acid ionic liquid after complete polymerization reaction, suspending white precipitates with nano-sized microspheres in the solution, washing with a large amount of methanol, filtering, drying the obtained white composite microspheres in vacuum at 60 ℃ for 72h, and storing the finished product in a dryer at normal temperature.
Hybrid composite membranePreparation: 0.01 wt.% of the composite nano-microsphere, a polyamide-polyethylene oxide copolymer PebaxTM16571 wt.% of the coating solution is prepared by mixing 98.99 wt.% of solvent (water: ethanol: 7: 3), standing for 24h, and defoaming. And then taking out the prepared polymer porous basement membrane (basement membrane nitrogen flux 50000GPU, coating by using a small coating machine, placing in the air for half an hour after coating, and then placing in an oven for drying for 5 hours at 80 ℃ for later use.
And (3) preservation of the film: storing in a desiccator at room temperature.
Gas separation performance of hybrid Pebax1657 composite membrane: pCO2＝309GPU αCO2/N2＝80
Example 4
Firstly, respectively dissolving monomer branched polyamide polyamine and a crosslinking agent trimesoyl chloride in tetrabutyl phosphine proline salt aqueous solution and n-hexane, then adding an emulsifier isopropanol, mixing and preparing an oil-in-water emulsion system according to the ratio of (ionic liquid aqueous solution) 5 to (n-hexane) 3 to (isopropanol) 2, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to completely obtain a clear solution, standing for 48h, finally forming polymer nano microspheres coated with amino acid ionic liquid after complete polymerization reaction, suspending white precipitates with nano-sized microspheres in the solution, washing with a large amount of methanol, filtering, carrying out vacuum drying on the obtained white composite microspheres for 72h at 60 ℃, and storing the finished product in a dryer at normal temperature.
Preparing a hybrid composite membrane: 0.01 wt.% of the composite nano-microsphere, a polyamide-polyethylene oxide copolymer PebaxTM16571 wt.% of the coating solution is prepared by mixing 98.99 wt.% of solvent (water: ethanol: 7: 3), standing for 24h, and defoaming. And then taking out the prepared polymer porous basement membrane (basement membrane nitrogen flux 50000GPU, coating by using a small coating machine, placing in the air for half an hour after coating, and then placing in an oven for drying for 5 hours at 80 ℃ for later use.
And (3) preservation of the film: storing in a desiccator at room temperature.
Gas separation performance of hybrid Pebax1657 composite membrane: pCO2＝520GPU αCO2/N2＝82
Example 1, non-aligned to pure polysulfoneCompared with a membrane, the polysulfone hybridized asymmetric membrane added with the AAILs @ polymer (core-shell) composite nano microspheres has better CO2Gas permeability and CO2/N2And (4) selectivity. The microsphere pair CO coated with the amino acid ionic liquid can be seen2Has good effect of promoting transmission.
A comparison of example 1 with example 2 shows that tetrabutylphosphine prolinate is better at increasing CO than 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolyl glycinate2The permeability and transmission performance of the polysulfone membrane is improved more obviously.
In example 3, it can be seen that the microspheres coated with the amino acid ionic liquid have a remarkable effect on glassy polysulfone and also have a good effect on improving CO of a rubbery polyamide-polyethylene oxide copolymer2The effect of the transfer properties.
Comparing example 3 with example 4, it can be seen that the microspheres formed by using branched polyamide ammonium as monomer are introduced into the membrane, and the effect on the composite membrane is far better than that of microspheres formed by using 5, 5 ', 6, 6 ' -tetrahydroxy-3, 3, 3 ', 3 ' -tetramethyl-1, 1 ' -spiral bis-indane as monomer.
Generally speaking, after the nano microspheres coated with amino acid ionic liquid are introduced, the glassy polysulfone and the rubbery polyamide-polyethylene oxide copolymer Pebax are obtainedTMCO of2The permeability and the separation performance are greatly improved. The attached drawings show a transmission electron microscope photo of the ionic liquid coated nano-microsphere prepared in example 1 and a scanning electron microscope photo of a hybrid membrane, wherein fig. 1 is the amino acid ionic liquid coated nano-microsphere, and fig. 2 is the cross-sectional structure of the hybrid membrane.
Claims (7)
1. Preparing a compound/(AAILs @ polymer (core-shell) composite nano microsphere) hybrid membrane, which comprises the following steps:
a, preparing a microemulsion system reaction solution: firstly, respectively dissolving monomers and a cross-linking agent required by microsphere preparation in AAILs and an organic solvent, then mixing a certain amount of AAILs in which the monomers are dissolved, the organic solvent in which the cross-linking agent is dissolved and an emulsifier according to a certain proportion to prepare a microemulsion system of coating the AAILs with the organic solvent, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to completely obtain a clear solution, standing for 48h, finally forming polymer nano microspheres coated with the AAILs after the cross-linking agent and the monomers are completely polymerized, suspending white precipitates of the nano-sized microspheres in the solution, washing with a large amount of the organic solvent, filtering, carrying out vacuum drying on the obtained white composite microspheres for 72h at 60 ℃, and storing the finished product in a dryer at normal temperature.
b preparation of hybrid asymmetric membranes: preparing a certain amount of composite nano microspheres, a commercial polymer, an organic solvent and a pore-forming agent into a homogeneous system solution in a certain proportion, standing for 24 hours for defoaming, scraping on non-woven fabrics by a small-sized film scraping machine, preparing a hybridized asymmetric film by a phase inversion method through a gel water bath, standing in water for 48 hours to completely complete solvent replacement, taking out, and vacuum-drying at 100 ℃ for 24 hours for later use.
c, preparing a hybrid composite membrane: preparing a certain amount of composite nano-microspheres, commercial polymers, organic solvents and pore-forming agents into a coating solution in a certain proportion, standing for 24 hours and defoaming for later use. The prepared polymer porous base membrane was then removed (base membrane nitrogen flux 50000GPU (1 GPU-10)-6cm3(STP)/(cm2scmHg)), and coating with a small coating machine, and after coating, placing in air for half an hour, and then placing in an oven for drying at 80 ℃ for 5 hours for later use.
d, preservation of the membrane: storing in a desiccator at room temperature.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the AAILs used in step a are: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium glycinate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium lysine, tetrabutylphosphine glycinate, tetrabutylphosphine serine, tetrabutylphosphine lysine, tetrabutylphosphine proline, tetramethylammonium glycinate, tetramethylammonium lysine.
3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent used in step a: cyclohexane, N-hexane, N-heptane, chloroform, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, water, methanol, ethanol, N-butanol, isobutanol, N-dimethylacetamide, N-dimethylformamide, N-methyl-pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, perfluoro (N-methylmorpholine).
4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the additives used in step a are: polyethylene glycol 200, polyethylene glycol 400, polyethylene glycol 600, polyethylene glycol 800, 1, 4-butyrolactone and water.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the monomers used in step a for preparing the microspheres are: 5, 5 ', 6, 6 ' -tetrahydroxy-3, 3, 3 ', 3 ' -tetramethyl-1, 1 ' -spirobiindane, diphenolylpropane, phenylenediamine (e.g., m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine) and its derivatives, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, polyethyleneimine, methyl-m-phenylenediamine, ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, octamethylenediamine, branched polyamidopolyamine, di (2-aminopropyl) polypropylene glycol-block-polyethylene glycol-block-polypropylene glycol.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the crosslinking agent used in step a to prepare the microspheres is: trimesoyl chloride, terephthaloyl chloride, isophthaloyl chloride, phthaloyl chloride, 1, 5-naphthalenedisulfonyl chloride, 1, 3, 6-trisulfonyl chloride, 5-oxoformyl chloride-isopeptide acyl chloride, 5-isocyanate-isopeptide acyl chloride, 1, 3, 5-cyclohexanetrioyl chloride, 3, 5, 5-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid chloride.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the commercial polymers used in steps b and c are: polysulfones, polyether sulfones, polyetherimides, polyacrylonitriles, polyamide-polyethylene oxide copolymers (Pebax)TM) And silicone rubber.
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