CN111797123A - Method for forming multi-dimensional panoramic data structure facing to event - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for forming a multi-dimensional panoramic data structure facing an event, which comprises the following steps: step 1, carrying out standard unification on multi-dimensional panoramic data, giving data information forming the file, and establishing an event-oriented multi-dimensional panoramic data structure; step 2, carrying out standardization processing on the time scale of the multi-dimensional panoramic data, acquiring system time of an SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) system, a fault recording networking system and a relay protection information management system, and calculating time deviation among the systems; and unifying the time scales of the subsequent system data on the basis of the time scales; step 3, unifying the data sampling rate of the multi-dimensional panoramic data, and adopting a difference algorithm to carry out unification processing on the data of each system; the technical problems that unified and effective management is lacked, the automation level of monitoring of relay protection information, analysis and management of system faults and protection action behaviors is relatively lagged and the like in the prior art are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fault diagnosis in a power grid, in particular to an event-oriented multi-dimensional panoramic data structure and a forming method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the power grid automation technology, the functions and the performances of the power grid automation system are continuously improved, and the automation degree of the power operation management work reaches a high level. Various microcomputer relay protection, fault oscillographs and other equipment and safety automatic devices in the transformer substation can record and upload various relay protection information in real time, and provide required data for fault analysis of a power grid.
At present, a batch of basic information acquisition and analysis systems are established by provincial companies subordinate to the southern power grid company, and mainly comprise an SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) system, a fault recording networking system and a relay protection information management system. The SCADA system can acquire related information such as remote measurement and remote signaling, the fault recording networking system records original electric quantity information of a power grid, the relay protection information management system records action information of the protection device, each system is divided into a substation system at a station end and a master station system at a dispatching end, and the substations are installed in the substation to solve the problems of data access, data summarization, preprocessing and data forwarding of equipment in the substation; the master station end mainly realizes the inquiry and management of fault information in a scheduling range, has the characteristics of complete data, quasi-real-time property, completeness and the like, has a fault analysis function, can be used as a basis for judging and processing scheduling accidents, and has different time of each transformer substation due to the difference of clock sources in the operation process of each system. Even in the same substation, due to the instability of the clock device and the timing problem of the time service equipment, the time of each device in the substation is different. Similarly, the time among the relay protection information management system, the fault recording networking system and the SCADA system is different, so that unified and effective management is lacked, and the automation level of monitoring of relay protection information, analysis and management of system faults and protection action behaviors is relatively lagged; in order to accurately and effectively use the data of each data source comprehensively for fault analysis, firstly, the time of each fault information source data must be aligned according to a certain rule, and the time difference of each system must be processed uniformly.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the event-oriented multi-source data structure forming method is provided, and the standardized processing of fault data is realized through data of an SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) system, a fault recording networking system and a relay protection information management system; the problem that unified and effective management is lacked in the prior art is solved, and the automation levels of monitoring of relay protection information, analysis of system faults and protection action behaviors and management are relatively lagged; in order to accurately and effectively comprehensively utilize the data of each data source for fault analysis, firstly, the time of each fault information source data must be aligned according to a certain rule, and the time difference of each system must be uniformly processed.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method of forming an event-oriented multi-dimensional panoramic data structure, comprising:
step 1, carrying out standard unification on multi-dimensional panoramic data, giving data information forming the file, and establishing an event-oriented multi-dimensional panoramic data structure;
step 2, carrying out standardization processing on the time scale of the multi-dimensional panoramic data, acquiring system time of an SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) system, a fault recording networking system and a relay protection information management system, and calculating time deviation among the systems; and unifying the time scales of the subsequent system data on the basis of the time scales;
and 3, unifying the data sampling rate of the multi-dimensional panoramic data, and adopting a difference algorithm to carry out unification treatment on the data of each system.
The method for establishing the multi-dimensional panoramic data structure facing the event in the step 1 comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, determining the information range of the data;
and step 1.2, establishing a multi-dimensional panoramic data structure file facing the event.
The multi-dimensional panoramic data structure file comprises a fault report file, a basic information file and an original data file; the file name format is 'file generation time + failure device name + extension', and the file name is the generation time of the failure report of the system; the fault report file is used for describing basic information related to the current abnormity, and comprises abnormal basic information, a fault recording report, a protection action report, a SCADA system section, SOE information and auxiliary information; the basic information file stores and describes the power grid basic information related to the abnormal equipment at this time, wherein the power grid basic information comprises power grid wiring diagram information, equipment basic information and secondary equipment information; the original data file is an original record file of the storage system interaction and is stored in a corresponding directory folder, and the file name is the original record file name.
The method for unifying the time scales in the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, acquiring the time deviation of each system: acquiring the clock state of each system by adopting a periodic inspection mode to obtain the time deviation Tb of the system, setting an inspection period as delta t, acquiring and calculating the clock state of the system, storing the clock state of the system into a database, and sending a clock state alarm signal when the clock deviation reaches a limit value;
step 2.2, aligning according to the tripping time of the circuit breaker: the method comprises the steps that the action state information of a breaker in a fault is obtained from an SOE record in an SCADA system, meanwhile, the tripping moment of the breaker is accurately judged from a fault recording file according to the sudden change of the phase current of the fault, and the time alignment is ensured through the commonality of the two;
and 2.3, aligning data according to protection action matching: protection action information is contained in an SOE record in an SCADA system, a protection action report sent by a signal protection master station and a switching value channel of fault recording; the protection action information is a protection action record in a character string form; finding out the protection action information with the same two fault information sources by adopting a character string matching mode, aligning the time of the two fault information sources according to the protection information,
and 2.4, realizing time scale unification according to the common guarantee time alignment and the time alignment of the fault information source.
The method for finding the protection action information with the same two fault information sources by adopting the character string matching mode and aligning the time of the two fault information sources according to the protection information comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: extracting a protection type number from the protection action report: searching keywords in the device model, and acquiring the number after the keywords;
the second step is that: screening records containing keywords and numbers in an SOE record and fault recording switching value channel of an SCADA system;
the third step: searching the record containing the following two types of key character strings in the protection action report and the screened SOE record: a protection type class and an action description class;
the fourth step: and performing time alignment according to one matching item or performing time alignment by integrating more than one matching item.
Step 3, the method for unifying the data sampling rate of the multi-dimensional panoramic data comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, length normalization treatment:
according to the data sampling interval of each system, the minimum sampling interval is taken as the sampling interval after the unification, in order to avoid the problem in the processing process caused by the inconsistent length of the fault data, the length of a data window is firstly unified, and the starting time and the ending time of each fault data are obtained according to the fault data after the unification and are respectively marked as tAAnd tBThe unified time is t
And 3.2, carrying out unified processing on the data of each system through an interpolation algorithm.
Step 3.2 the method for unifying the data of each system through the interpolation algorithm comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: computing lagrange interpolation according to fitting offset coefficient fcTransform coefficients, offset coefficients being
Wherein ft is the sampling frequency of the system, and fi is the data fitting frequency of the system; defining a differential displacement x of the sampling points, wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1;
the second step is that: adjusting the difference displacement x point by point according to the value range of the fitting offset coefficient fc, and selecting a data point closest to a sampling point for fitting so as to enable a fitting result to be more accurate;
when fc is greater than 1, the differential displacement x is n (fc-1) -int [ n (fc-1) ];
when fc is 1, the differential displacement is x is 0; when fc is less than 1, the differential displacement is x ═ n (1-fc) -int [ n (fc-1) ];
wherein n is the sampling point number, and int is the rounding calculation.
Step 2.2, the specific method for aligning according to the tripping time of the circuit breaker comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: acquiring a fault line id from a fault report sent by a fault recording system;
the second step is that: acquiring breaker ids at two ends of fault equipment according to the fault line id;
the third step: obtaining a breaker trip record corresponding to a plant station from an SOE record sent by an SCADA system, wherein the recording time and the fault phase current mutation time in a wave recording waveform reflect the same time, and aligning the two fault information sources in time; and meanwhile, if the breaker fails, finding out corresponding records of the failure protection tripping breaker and the recording waveforms for alignment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention establishes a standard data structure, standardizes and unifies multidimensional panoramic data, and provides data information forming the file; carrying out standardized processing on the time scale of the multidimensional full-entry data, acquiring the system time of an SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) system, a fault recording networking system and a relay protection information management system in a periodic inspection mode, and calculating the time deviation among the systems; on the basis, the time scales of the subsequent slave system data are unified; the data sampling rate of the multidimensional all-in data is unified, a difference algorithm is adopted to carry out unified processing on the data of each system
According to the invention, time information in an SCADA system, a fault recording networking system and a relay protection information management system is intelligently matched, and a uniform multi-source data structure facing an event is formed according to the characteristics of fault information, so that the data of each data source is accurately and effectively comprehensively utilized for fault analysis; the problem that the prior art lacks unified and effective management, and the automation level of monitoring of relay protection information, analysis of system faults and protection action behaviors and management is relatively lagged is solved; in order to accurately and effectively comprehensively utilize the data of each data source for fault analysis, firstly, the time of each fault information source data must be aligned according to a certain rule, and the time difference of each system must be uniformly processed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-dimensional panoramic data structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system time offset of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the time alignment process at the trip time of the circuit breaker according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the flow of time alignment for protection action time according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Establishing multi-dimensional panoramic data structure file facing to event
(1) Determining the information range of data, and taking a certain fault as a unit, wherein the certain fault at least comprises fault information reflected by protection devices, fault recording devices and traveling wave distance measuring devices of substations on two sides of the line at the same voltage level; for the transformer fault, the fault information at least comprises fault information reflected by all protection devices and fault recording devices in the transformer station; for the bus fault, the bus fault at least comprises fault information reflected by the same voltage class protection device and the fault recording device which are related to the bus and the adjacent bus.
(2) And establishing an event-oriented multi-dimensional panoramic data structure file, wherein the file comprises a fault report file, a basic information file and an original data file. The file name format is "file generation time + failure device name + extension", the file name is the generation time of the failure report of the system, and the structure is shown in fig. 1. The fault report file is used for describing basic information related to the current abnormity and comprises seven main information bodies, namely abnormity basic information, a fault recording report, a protection action report, a SCADA system section, SOE information and auxiliary information; the basic information file stores and describes the power grid basic information related to the abnormal equipment at this time, wherein the power grid basic information comprises power grid wiring diagram information, equipment basic information and secondary equipment information; the original data file is an original record file which is stored and interacted by other systems and is stored in a corresponding directory folder, and the file name is the original record file name.
Time scale unification for multi-dimensional panoramic data
According to the typical characteristics when the power system fault occurs, the time scale alignment of the multidimensional panoramic data can be carried out by combining the message contents acquired from each data source through the following steps.
(1) Obtaining time offsets for each system
The clock states of other systems are acquired by the system in a periodic inspection mode, the system time deviation Tb is obtained, and the time deviation is considered to be unchanged in a short time, so that the inspection period is set to be delta t. The acquisition module is responsible for inquiring and calculating to obtain the clock state of the system, storing the clock state in the database and sending a clock state alarm signal when the clock deviation reaches a limit value. The system flow chart is shown in figure 2, and the polling period of the system can be set.
(2) Alignment based on circuit breaker trip time
The action state information of the circuit breaker in the fault can be obtained from the SOE record in the SCADA system, the tripping moment of the circuit breaker can be accurately judged from a fault recording file according to the sudden change of the fault phase current, and the feasibility of time alignment is guaranteed due to the commonality of the circuit breaker and the fault phase current.
For the example of line fault, the time alignment method is as follows:
the first step is as follows: acquiring a fault line id from a fault report sent by a fault recording system;
the second step is that: the breaker ids at two ends of the fault equipment can be obtained according to the fault line id;
the third step: and obtaining a breaker trip record corresponding to a plant station from the SOE record sent by the SCADA system, and aligning the two fault information sources by considering that the recording time and the fault phase current mutation time in the wave recording waveform reflect the same time. Meanwhile, if the breaker fails, corresponding records of the failure protection tripping breaker and recording waveforms need to be found for alignment. The alignment procedure is as shown in FIG. 3.
(3) Data alignment based on protection action matching
And the SOE record in the SCADA system, the protection action report sent by the information protection main station and the protection action information in the switching value channel of the fault recording are all provided with protection action information. Under the existing power production conditions, a detailed protection action model is not defined in the power system for a while, and the information acquired by the system is a character string type protection action record. The protection action information with the same two fault information sources can be found by adopting a character string matching mode, and the time of the two fault information sources can be aligned according to the protection information.
And matching protection action information according to the keywords, wherein the specific matching method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: extracting a protection type number from the protection action report: find keywords in device model: RCS, PCS, CSC, SSR, PSL, etc.; the numbers after acquiring the keywords, such as 931, 602, 943, omit spaces and 'to' characters
The second step is that: and screening records containing the key words and the digits in a switching value channel of SOE records and fault recording of the SCADA, wherein the records comprise the following key words and digits: records comprising 'RCS' and '931';
the third step: searching the record containing the following two types of key character strings in the protection action report and the screened SOE record: protection type class: differential, longitudinal differential, quick break, acceleration, failure, dead zone, grounding distance I section/II section/III section, etc.; action description class: action, exit, start, etc. Such as: both sources contain 'differential' and 'motion'
The fourth step: and aligning according to one matching item or integrating a plurality of matching items to perform time alignment. The alignment procedure is as shown in FIG. 4.
Multi-dimensional panoramic data sampling frequency unification
(1) Length normalization process
According to the data sampling interval of each system, the minimum sampling interval is taken as the sampling interval after the unification, in order to avoid the problem in the processing process caused by the inconsistent length of the fault data, the length of a data window is firstly unified, and the starting time and the ending time of each fault data are obtained according to the fault data after the unification and are respectively marked as tAAnd tBThe unified time is t
(2) Interpolation algorithm
The first step is as follows: calculating Lagrange interpolation transformation coefficient according to fitting offset coefficient fc, and determining the offset coefficient as
Wherein ft is the sampling frequency of the system, and fi is the data fitting frequency of the system; defining a differential displacement x of the sampling points, wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1;
the second step is that: adjusting the difference displacement x point by point according to the value range of the fitting offset coefficient fc, and selecting a data point closest to a sampling point for fitting so as to enable a fitting result to be more accurate;
when fc is greater than 1, the differential displacement x is n (fc-1) -int [ n (fc-1) ];
when fc is 1, the differential displacement is x is 0; when fc is less than 1, the differential displacement is x ═ n (1-fc) -int [ n (fc-1) ]; wherein n is the sampling point number, and int is the rounding calculation.
Claims (8)
1. A method of forming an event-oriented multi-dimensional panoramic data structure, comprising:
step 1, carrying out standard unification on multi-dimensional panoramic data, giving data information forming the file, and establishing an event-oriented multi-dimensional panoramic data structure;
step 2, carrying out standardization processing on the time scale of the multi-dimensional panoramic data, acquiring system time of an SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) system, a fault recording networking system and a relay protection information management system, and calculating time deviation among the systems; and unifying the time scales of the subsequent system data on the basis of the time scales;
and 3, unifying the data sampling rate of the multi-dimensional panoramic data, and adopting a difference algorithm to carry out unification treatment on the data of each system.
2. The method for forming an event-oriented multi-dimensional panoramic data structure according to claim 1, wherein: the method for establishing the multi-dimensional panoramic data structure facing the event in the step 1 comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, determining the information range of the data;
and step 1.2, establishing a multi-dimensional panoramic data structure file facing the event.
3. The method for forming an event-oriented multi-dimensional panoramic data structure according to claim 2, wherein: the multi-dimensional panoramic data structure file comprises a fault report file, a basic information file and an original data file; the file name format is 'file generation time + failure device name + extension', and the file name is the generation time of the failure report of the system; the fault report file is used for describing basic information related to the current abnormity, and comprises abnormal basic information, a fault recording report, a protection action report, a SCADA system section, SOE information and auxiliary information; the basic information file stores and describes the power grid basic information related to the abnormal equipment at this time, wherein the power grid basic information comprises power grid wiring diagram information, equipment basic information and secondary equipment information; the original data file is an original record file of the storage system interaction and is stored in a corresponding directory folder, and the file name is the original record file name.
4. The method for forming an event-oriented multi-dimensional panoramic data structure according to claim 1, wherein: the method for unifying the time scales in the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, acquiring the time deviation of each system: acquiring the clock state of each system by adopting a periodic inspection mode to obtain the time deviation Tb of the system, setting an inspection period as delta t, acquiring and calculating the clock state of the system, storing the clock state of the system into a database, and sending a clock state alarm signal when the clock deviation reaches a limit value;
step 2.2, aligning according to the tripping time of the circuit breaker: the method comprises the steps that the action state information of a breaker in a fault is obtained from an SOE record in an SCADA system, meanwhile, the tripping moment of the breaker is accurately judged from a fault recording file according to the sudden change of the phase current of the fault, and the time alignment is ensured through the commonality of the two;
and 2.3, aligning data according to protection action matching: protection action information is contained in an SOE record in an SCADA system, a protection action report sent by a signal protection master station and a switching value channel of fault recording; the protection action information is a protection action record in a character string form; finding out the protection action information with the same two fault information sources by adopting a character string matching mode, aligning the time of the two fault information sources according to the protection information,
and 2.4, realizing time scale unification according to the common guarantee time alignment and the time alignment of the fault information source.
5. The method for forming an event-oriented multi-dimensional panoramic data structure according to claim 4, wherein: the method for finding the protection action information with the same two fault information sources by adopting the character string matching mode and aligning the time of the two fault information sources according to the protection information comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: extracting a protection type number from the protection action report: searching keywords in the device model, and acquiring the number after the keywords;
the second step is that: screening records containing keywords and numbers in an SOE record and fault recording switching value channel of an SCADA system;
the third step: searching the record containing the following two types of key character strings in the protection action report and the screened SOE record: a protection type class and an action description class;
the fourth step: and performing time alignment according to one matching item or performing time alignment by integrating more than one matching item.
6. The method for forming an event-oriented multi-dimensional panoramic data structure according to claim 1, wherein: step 3, the method for unifying the data sampling rate of the multi-dimensional panoramic data comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, length normalization treatment:
according to the data sampling interval of each system, the minimum sampling interval is taken as the sampling interval after the unification, in order to avoid the problem in the processing process caused by the inconsistent length of the fault data, the length of a data window is firstly unified, and the starting time and the ending time of each fault data are obtained according to the fault data after the unification and are respectively marked as tAAnd tBThe unified time is t
And 3.2, carrying out unified processing on the data of each system through an interpolation algorithm.
7. The method for forming an event-oriented multi-dimensional panoramic data structure according to claim 6, wherein: step 3.2 the method for unifying the data of each system through the interpolation algorithm comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: calculating Lagrange interpolation transformation coefficient according to fitting offset coefficient fc, and determining the offset coefficient as
Wherein ft is the sampling frequency of the system, and fi is the data fitting frequency of the system; defining sampling pointsX is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1;
the second step is that: adjusting the difference displacement x point by point according to the value range of the fitting offset coefficient fc, and selecting a data point closest to a sampling point for fitting so as to enable a fitting result to be more accurate;
when fc is more than 1, the differential displacement x is n (fc-1) -int [ n (fc-1) ];
when fc is 1, the differential displacement is x is 0; when fc is less than 1, the differential displacement is x ═ n (1-fc) -int [ n (fc-1) ];
wherein n is the sampling point number, and int is the rounding calculation.
8. The method for forming an event-oriented multi-dimensional panoramic data structure according to claim 1, wherein: step 2.2, the specific method for aligning according to the tripping time of the circuit breaker comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: acquiring a fault line id from a fault report sent by a fault recording system;
the second step is that: acquiring breaker ids at two ends of fault equipment according to the fault line id;
the third step: obtaining a breaker trip record corresponding to a plant station from an SOE record sent by an SCADA system, wherein the recording time and the fault phase current mutation time in a wave recording waveform reflect the same time, and aligning the two fault information sources in time; and meanwhile, if the breaker fails, finding out corresponding records of the failure protection tripping breaker and the recording waveforms for alignment.
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