CN111796375A - Transmission optical fiber, laser optical fiber structure and preparation method of transmission optical fiber - Google Patents
Transmission optical fiber, laser optical fiber structure and preparation method of transmission optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN111796375A CN111796375A CN202010782680.2A CN202010782680A CN111796375A CN 111796375 A CN111796375 A CN 111796375A CN 202010782680 A CN202010782680 A CN 202010782680A CN 111796375 A CN111796375 A CN 111796375A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 210
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005541 medical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/443—Protective covering
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/241—Light guide terminations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/262—Optical details of coupling light into, or out of, or between fibre ends, e.g. special fibre end shapes or associated optical elements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B2018/2205—Characteristics of fibres
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B2018/2244—Features of optical fibre cables, e.g. claddings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B2018/2255—Optical elements at the distal end of probe tips
- A61B2018/2288—Optical elements at the distal end of probe tips the optical fibre cable having a curved distal end
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of medical optical fibers, and discloses a transmission optical fiber, a laser optical fiber structure and a preparation method of the transmission optical fiber, wherein the transmission optical fiber comprises an optical fiber core and a protection structure, and the optical fiber core is configured to be capable of transmitting laser by total reflection; the protective structure is coated on the circumferential outer side of the optical fiber core; the tail end of the optical fiber core extends out of the protection structure and forms an optical fiber head, the optical fiber head is of an arc-shaped structure, the bending loss of the optical fiber head is greater than 0, and the end face and the circumferential side face of the optical fiber head can emit laser. This tail end of transmission optical fiber's optic fibre core stretches out protective structure and forms the optical fiber head, the optical fiber head is the arc structure, the bending loss of optical fiber head is greater than 0, the terminal surface and the circumference side homoenergetic outgoing laser of optical fiber head to utilize the terminal surface of optical fiber head and the light and heat effect of the laser of circumference side outgoing, including the cutting of physics and scrape the effort of drawing, can reach the combination effect of light and heat and physics effort to the focus, increase the function of operation, improve operation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical optical fibers, in particular to a transmission optical fiber, a laser optical fiber structure and a preparation method of the transmission optical fiber.
Background
An optical fiber is a short term for an optical fiber, which is a fiber made of glass or plastic for conducting light. When the medical transmission optical fiber is used for operation, the straight optical fiber is usually used, and the laser output by the optical fiber is used for operation. During operation, the laser emitted from the flat optical fiber is flat and straight with the optical fiber, so that the focus is required to be arranged at the front end of the optical fiber, the laser can act on the focus, and the laser can be operated only in a forward emitting mode. However, in many operations, the focus may not be exactly at the front end of the optical fiber, and the operation is also required for the focus beside the optical fiber, and at this time, the straight optical fiber cannot perform the operation on the focus beside the optical fiber, and the straight optical fiber cannot act on the focus beside the optical fiber by combining physical actions, which reduces the efficiency of the operation.
The conventional optical fiber is also of a bent structure, the tail end of the optical fiber is bent, the end face of the laser optical fiber is a light-emitting surface, and the bending degree is usually within a preset range in order to avoid laser loss by setting the end face of the laser optical fiber to be bent to change the emitting angle of laser. Therefore, even if the conventional optical fiber has a bent structure, the laser light can be emitted only from the end face of the laser optical fiber, and the tissue beside the optical fiber cannot be operated, and the efficiency of the operation is still low.
Therefore, it is desirable to design a transmission fiber that can solve the above problems and improve the efficiency of the operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a transmission optical fiber, a laser optical fiber structure and a preparation method of the transmission optical fiber, which can emit laser from the end face and the circumferential side face of an optical fiber head, can perform surgery on tissues beside the optical fiber by combining physical actions of the optical fiber, and improve the efficiency of the surgery.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a transmission optical fiber which comprises an optical fiber core and a protection structure, wherein the optical fiber core is configured to be capable of transmitting laser in a total reflection mode, the protection structure is coated on the circumferential outer side of the optical fiber core, the tail end of the optical fiber core extends out of the protection structure to form an optical fiber head, the optical fiber head is of an arc-shaped structure, the bending loss of the optical fiber head is larger than 0, and the end face and the circumferential side face of the optical fiber head can emit the laser.
This protection architecture cladding of transmission optic fibre is in the circumference outside of optic fibre core, the optic fibre core can total reflection transmission laser, avoid laser energy loss, the tail end of optic fibre core stretches out protection architecture and forms the optical fiber head, the optical fiber head is the arc structure, the bending loss of optical fiber head is greater than 0, the terminal surface and the circumference side homoenergetic outgoing laser of optical fiber head, thereby utilize the terminal surface of optical fiber head and the light and heat effect of the laser of circumference side outgoing, including the cutting of physics and scrape the effort of drawing, can reach the combination effect of light and heat and physics effort to the focus, increase the function of operation, the efficiency of the operation is improved.
As a preferable embodiment of the above laser fiber, the bending radius R of the fiber head is calculated according to the following formula:
IL＝AcR-1/2exp(-UR)＞ILpreset of；
Ac＝(1/2)(π/aW^3)1/2{U/[WK1(W)]}2；
U＝4ΔnW3/(3aV2n2)；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
IL is bending loss;
a is the radius of the fiber core;
Δ n difference in refractive index of core and cladding;
n2is the cladding refractive index;
u is a radial normalized phase constant;
w is a radial normalized attenuation constant;
v is a normalized frequency;
r is the bend radius of the fiber tip;
K1is the wave number.
The bending radius R of the fiber tip can be conveniently derived according to the above formula.
As a preferable scheme of the laser fiber, the fiber head is of an arc structure, and a central angle of the arc structure is less than or equal to 180 °.
The optical fiber head is of an arc structure, the central angle of the arc structure is less than or equal to 180 degrees, and the laser optical fiber of the structure is convenient for cutting and scraping the focus.
As a preferable mode of the above laser fiber, the protection structure includes:
a cladding that is coated on the circumferential outer side of the optical fiber core, the cladding having a refractive index lower than that of the optical fiber core;
the coating layer is coated on the outer side of the cladding; and
and the protective layer is coated on the outer side of the coating layer.
The cladding of the protection structure is coated on the circumferential outer side of the optical fiber core, and the refractive index of the cladding is lower than that of the optical fiber core, so that laser can be transmitted in the optical fiber core in a total reflection manner; the coating layer is coated on the outer side of the cladding and mainly plays a role in increasing the toughness of the optical fiber and protecting the optical fiber; the protective layer is protected on the outer side of the coating layer and used for playing a role in protection.
The invention also provides a laser fiber structure, which comprises the transmission fiber and a fiber connector, wherein the fiber connector is arranged at one end of the transmission fiber, which is far away from the fiber head, and the fiber connector is configured to guide laser emitted by a laser into the transmission fiber.
The laser fiber structure can guide laser emitted by the laser into the transmission fiber through the fiber connector, so that the transmission fiber can transmit the laser emitted by the laser.
As a preferable aspect of the above laser optical fiber structure, the optical fiber connector includes:
the inserting core is connected with the transmission optical fiber; and
the sheath is fixed outside the ferrule and covers the connection part of the ferrule and the transmission optical fiber.
The core insert of the optical fiber connector is connected with the transmission optical fiber so as to couple the laser emitted by the laser into the transmission optical fiber; the sheath is fixed outside the ferrule, covers the joint of the ferrule and the transmission fiber, plays a role in fixing the ferrule and the transmission fiber and also plays a role in protection.
As a preferable embodiment of the above laser fiber structure, the laser fiber structure further includes:
and the operating handle is arranged on the transmission optical fiber.
The operating handle is arranged for holding, so that the operation is convenient; and also to indicate the direction of the end of the fibre and to limit the active length of the fibre.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the transmission optical fiber, which comprises the following steps:
s1, removing the protection structure of the tail end of the transmission optical fiber original and exposing the end part of the optical fiber;
and S2, bending the end part of the optical fiber to form an optical fiber head with an arc structure, so that the laser output by the transmission optical fiber is emitted from the end face and the circumferential side face of the optical fiber head.
According to the preparation method of the transmission optical fiber, the protection structure at the tail end of the original transmission optical fiber is removed, the end part of the optical fiber is exposed, and the exposed end part of the optical fiber is bent to form the optical fiber head, so that laser output by the transmission optical fiber is emitted from the end face and the circumferential side face of the optical fiber head.
As a preferable mode of the above-described manufacturing method of the transmission optical fiber, in step S2, the optical fiber end is bent by heating to form the optical fiber head.
The end part of the optical fiber is bent to form the optical fiber head by heating, and the preparation method is simple and easy to realize.
As a preferable embodiment of the above method for manufacturing a transmission fiber, a bending radius R of the optical fiber head is calculated according to the following formula, and the end of the optical fiber is bent according to the calculated bending radius R to form the optical fiber head, where the formula is:
IL＝AcR-1/2exp(-UR)＞ILpreset of；
Ac＝(1/2)(π/aW^3)1/2{U/[WK1(W)]}2；
U＝4ΔnW3/(3aV2n2)；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
IL is bending loss;
a is the radius of the fiber core;
Δ n difference in refractive index of core and cladding;
n2is the cladding refractive index;
u is a radial normalized phase constant;
w is a radial normalized attenuation constant;
v is a normalized frequency;
r is the bend radius of the fiber tip;
K1is the wave number.
According to the formula, the bending radius R can be conveniently calculated, and the end part of the optical fiber is bent according to the calculated bending radius R to form the optical fiber head.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the transmission optical fiber provided by the invention, the protection structure is coated on the circumferential outer side of the optical fiber core, the optical fiber core can transmit laser in a total reflection manner, the energy loss of the laser is avoided, the tail end of the optical fiber core extends out of the protection structure and forms the optical fiber head, the optical fiber head is of an arc-shaped structure, the bending loss of the optical fiber head is greater than 0, and the end face and the circumferential side face of the optical fiber head can emit the laser, so that the photothermal effect of the laser emitted from the end face and the circumferential side face of the optical fiber head is utilized, the physical cutting and scraping acting force is added, the combined effect of photothermal and physical acting force on a focus can be.
According to the laser optical fiber structure provided by the invention, the laser emitted by the laser can be guided into the transmission optical fiber through the optical fiber connector, so that the transmission optical fiber can transmit the laser emitted by the laser.
The preparation method of the transmission optical fiber is simple to manufacture, and can achieve the combination effect of photothermal and physical acting force on a focus by using the photothermal action of the laser emitted from the end face and the circumferential side face of the optical fiber head and the acting force of physical cutting and scraping and pulling, thereby increasing the function of an operation and improving the operation efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser fiber structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transmission fiber according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transmission fiber element according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a transmission fiber element according to the present invention with the fiber end exposed;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fiber head formed by bending a transmission fiber provided by the invention.
In the figure:
100. a transmission optical fiber; 200. an optical fiber connector; 300. a focus of disease;
101. transmitting the optical fiber element; 102. an optical fiber end; 201. inserting a core; 202. a sheath;
2. a protective structure;
3. an optical fiber head; 31. an end face; 32. a circumferential side surface.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a laser fiber structure, which includes a transmission fiber 100 and a fiber connector 200, where the fiber connector 200 is connected to one end of the transmission fiber 100, the transmission fiber 100 can be mounted on a laser through the fiber connector 200, the laser can emit laser, the fiber connector 200 can couple the laser emitted by the laser into the transmission fiber 100, and the transmission fiber 100 can totally reflect the transmission laser, thereby avoiding laser energy loss.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the transmission optical fiber 100 includes an optical fiber core and a protection structure 2, the optical fiber core can transmit laser by total reflection, the protection structure 2 is coated outside the circumference of the optical fiber core, the tail end of the optical fiber core extends out of the protection structure 2 and forms an optical fiber head 3, the optical fiber head 3 is located at one end of the transmission optical fiber 100 far away from the optical fiber connector 200, the optical fiber head 3 is of an arc structure, the bending loss of the optical fiber head 3 is greater than 0, the end surface 31 and the circumferential side surface 32 of the optical fiber head 3 can emit laser, thereby the photothermal effect of the laser emitted by the end surface 31 and the circumferential side surface 32 of the optical fiber head 3 is utilized, in addition, the physical cutting and the scraping and pulling acting force are utilized, the combined effect of photothermal and physical acting force.
Specifically, the bending radius R of the fiber tip 3 is calculated according to the following formula:
IL＝AcR-1/2exp(-UR)＞ILpreset of；
Ac＝(1/2)(π/aW^3)1/2{U/[WK1(W)]}2；
U＝4ΔnW3/(3aV2n2)；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
IL is bending loss;
a is the radius of the fiber core;
Δ n difference in refractive index of core and cladding;
n2is the cladding refractive index;
u is a radial normalized phase constant;
w is a radial normalized attenuation constant;
v is a normalized frequency;
r is the bending radius of the fiber tip 3;
K1is the wave number.
IL is preset as a preset bending loss of the fiber tip 3, and the bending radius R of the fiber tip 3 is calculated according to the above formula.
Optionally, the optical fiber head 3 is of a circular arc structure, the structure is attractive in appearance, and laser emission is more uniform. The central angle of the circular arc structure is less than or equal to 180 degrees, and the laser fiber of the structure is convenient for cutting and scraping the focus 300.
Although both the end surface 31 and the circumferential side surface 32 of the optical fiber tip 3 emit laser light, which can perform photothermal action of the laser light on the lesion 300, the laser light emitted from the end surface 31 of the optical fiber tip 3 and the laser light emitted from the circumferential side surface 32 of the optical fiber tip 3 play a main role in assisting treatment. When the central angle of the arc structure is in the range of greater than 90 degrees and less than or equal to 180 degrees, the laser emitted from the end surface 31 faces the optical fiber connector 200, so that the operation on the focus 300 on the side of the optical fiber head 3 facing the optical fiber connector 200 is facilitated, but the effective operation on the focus 300 on the side of the end surface 31 away from the optical fiber connector 200 cannot be performed, and even if the physical action is combined, the range in which the optical fiber head 3 needs to move is large, so that the operation is not facilitated. Therefore, in order to effectively operate the focus 300 on the side of the end face 31 facing or departing from the optical fiber connector 200, the central angle of the circular arc structure is preferably 45-90 degrees, the laser emitted by the end face 31 of the optical fiber head 3 of the structure is combined with physical operation to realize cutting and scraping actions, the moving range of the optical fiber head 3 is smaller, so that the focus 300 on the side of the end face 31 facing or departing from the optical fiber connector 200 can be operated, and the operation is convenient. Alternatively, the central angle of the circular arc structure may be 45 °, 60 °, 90 °, or the like.
The bending radius R of the fiber tip 3 is related to the diameter of the fiber core, the larger the bending radius R of the fiber tip 3. See table 1.
TABLE 1 correspondence table of core diameter of optical fiber and bending radius R of optical fiber head 3
| Fiber core diameter (um) | Bending radius R (mm) |
| 200 | 3～5 |
| 272 | 5～7 |
| 365 | 7～10 |
| 550 | 10～12 |
| 800 | 17～20 |
| 1000 | 20～24 |
Alternatively, the end face 31 of the optical fiber head 3 is a plane, the direction of the emitted laser light is easy to control, and the transmission optical fiber 100 with the structure is simple in structure and easy to manufacture.
Optionally, the protection structure 2 includes a cladding, a coating layer, and a protection layer, the cladding is coated on the circumferential outer side of the optical fiber core, and the refractive index of the cladding is lower than that of the optical fiber core, so that laser can be transmitted in the optical fiber core by total reflection; the coating layer is coated on the outer side of the cladding layer and is formed by coating epoxy resin or silica gel, and the strength, flexibility and toughness of the transmission optical fiber 100 are enhanced by the coating layer. The protective layer covers the outer side of the coating layer and is used for protecting, for example, the protective layer can be set to be a waterproof, fireproof and insulating structure, so that the surrounding environment can be prevented from damaging the transmission optical fiber 100, and the damage of water, fire, electric shock and the like to the transmission optical fiber 100 can be avoided.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the optical fiber connector 200 includes a ferrule 201 and a sheath 202, the ferrule 201 being connected to the transmission fiber 100 so as to be able to couple laser light emitted from a laser into the transmission fiber 100; the ferrule 201 is externally fixed with a sheath 202, and the sheath 202 covers the joint of the ferrule 201 and the transmission fiber 100, so as to fix the ferrule 201 and the transmission fiber 100 and protect the same.
Optionally, the end surface of the transmission fiber 100 connected to the ferrule 201 is polished to increase the laser efficiency of the laser coupled to the transmission fiber 100.
Example two:
the present embodiment provides a laser fiber structure, and the area of the laser fiber structure and the first embodiment in the present embodiment is that the laser fiber structure further includes an operating handle (not shown in the figure) disposed on the transmission fiber 100, the operating handle is disposed for holding, which is convenient for operation, and an operator can pull or rotate the operating handle to drive the fiber head 3 of the transmission fiber 100 to extend, withdraw or rotate, so as to irradiate laser to different parts of a tissue.
Optionally, the operating handle is movably disposed on the transmission fiber 100, so that the position of the operating handle can be adjusted according to requirements, so as to facilitate operation.
Example three:
the present embodiment provides a method for manufacturing a transmission fiber, which is used to manufacture the transmission fiber 100 in the laser fiber structure in the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and specifically includes the following steps:
s1, the protective structure 2 of the trailing end of the transmission fiber original 101 (see fig. 3) is removed and the fiber end 102 (see fig. 4) is exposed.
S2, bending the optical fiber end 102 to form the optical fiber head 3 (see fig. 5) with an arc structure, so that the laser light output by the transmission optical fiber 100 is emitted from the end face 31 and the circumferential side face 32 of the optical fiber head 3.
According to the preparation method of the transmission optical fiber, the protection structure 2 at the tail end of the transmission optical fiber original 101 is removed, the optical fiber end part 102 is exposed, and the exposed optical fiber end part 102 is bent to form the optical fiber head 3, so that laser output by the transmission optical fiber 100 is emitted from the end face 31 and the circumferential side face 32 of the optical fiber head 3.
Specifically, the bending radius R of the optical fiber head 3 is calculated according to the following formula, and the optical fiber end 102 is bent according to the calculated bending radius R to form the optical fiber head 3, where the formula is:
IL＝AcR-1/2exp(-UR)＞ILpreset of；
Ac＝(1/2)(π/aW^3)1/2{U/[WK1(W)]}2；
U＝4ΔnW3/(3aV2n2)；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
IL is bending loss;
a is the radius of the fiber core;
Δ n difference in refractive index of core and cladding;
n2is the cladding refractive index;
u is a radial normalized phase constant;
w is a radial normalized attenuation constant;
v is a normalized frequency;
r is the bending radius of the fiber tip 3;
K1is the wave number.
Alternatively, in step S2, the optical fiber end 102 is bent by heating to form the optical fiber head 3, and the optical fiber end 102 is bent by heating to form the optical fiber head 3, so that the preparation method is simple and easy to implement. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the fiber end 102 is fired at a high temperature by a carbon dioxide laser to be bent. In other embodiments, the bending of the fiber tip 3 is not limited to the above-mentioned heating, but can also be achieved by chemical or other mechanical methods.
In the description herein, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "right", and the like are used in a descriptive sense or a positional relationship based on the orientation shown in the drawings for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have any special meaning.
In the description herein, references to the description of "an embodiment," "an example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
In addition, the foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a transmission fiber, includes optical fiber core and protective structure (2), the optical fiber core is configured to can the total reflection transmission laser, protective structure (2) cladding in the circumference outside of optical fiber core, its characterized in that, the tail end of optical fiber core stretches out protective structure (2) and forms optical fiber head (3), optical fiber head (3) are the arc structure, the bending loss of optical fiber head (3) is greater than 0, terminal surface (31) and circumference side (32) of optical fiber head (3) all can be emergent laser.
2. The transmission fiber according to claim 1, wherein the bending radius R of the fiber head (3) is calculated according to the following formula:
IL＝AcR-1/2exp(-UR)＞ILpreset of；
Ac＝(1/2)(π/aW^3)1/2{U/[WK1(W)]}2；
U＝4ΔnW3/(3aV2n2)；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
IL is bending loss;
a is the radius of the fiber core;
Δ n difference in refractive index of core and cladding;
n2is the cladding refractive index;
u is a radial normalized phase constant;
w is a radial normalized attenuation constant;
v is a normalized frequency;
r is the bending radius of the optical fiber head (3);
K1is the wave number.
3. The transmission fiber according to claim 2, wherein the fiber tip (3) has a circular arc structure having a central angle of 180 ° or less.
4. Transmission optical fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said protective structure (2) comprises:
a cladding that is coated on the circumferential outer side of the optical fiber core, the cladding having a refractive index lower than that of the optical fiber core;
the coating layer is coated on the outer side of the cladding; and
and the protective layer is coated on the outer side of the coating layer.
5. A laser fiber structure, comprising the delivery fiber according to any of claims 1-4, and further comprising a fiber connector (200), the fiber connector (200) being mounted at an end of the delivery fiber remote from the fiber stub (3), the fiber connector (200) being configured to guide laser light emitted by a laser into the delivery fiber.
6. The laser fiber structure according to claim 5, wherein the fiber connector (200) comprises:
a ferrule (201) connected to the transmission fiber; and
the sheath (202) is fixed outside the ferrule (201), and the sheath (202) covers the connection part of the ferrule (201) and the transmission optical fiber.
7. The laser fiber structure of claim 5, further comprising:
and the operating handle is arranged on the transmission optical fiber.
8. A method of making a transmission optical fiber, comprising the steps of:
s1, removing the protection structure of the tail end of the transmission optical fiber original and exposing the end part of the optical fiber;
and S2, bending the end part of the optical fiber to form an optical fiber head with an arc structure, so that the laser output by the transmission optical fiber is emitted from the end face and the circumferential side face of the optical fiber head.
9. The method for manufacturing a transmission optical fiber according to claim 8, wherein the optical fiber end is bent by heating to form the optical fiber stub in step S2.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the bend radius R of the fiber tip is calculated according to the following formula, and the fiber end is bent according to the calculated bend radius R to form the fiber tip, wherein the formula is as follows:
IL＝AcR-1/2exp(-UR)＞ILpreset of；
Ac＝(1/2)(π/aW^3)1/2{U/[WK1(W)]}2；
U＝4ΔnW3/(3aV2n2)；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
IL is bending loss;
a is the radius of the fiber core;
Δ n difference in refractive index of core and cladding;
n2is the cladding refractive index;
u is a radial normalized phase constant;
w is a radial normalized attenuation constant;
v is a normalized frequency;
r is the bend radius of the fiber tip;
K1is the wave number.
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