CN111794263B - Anti-collision marine single-pile foundation and marine culture pasture - Google Patents

Anti-collision marine single-pile foundation and marine culture pasture Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111794263B
CN111794263B CN202010599810.9A CN202010599810A CN111794263B CN 111794263 B CN111794263 B CN 111794263B CN 202010599810 A CN202010599810 A CN 202010599810A CN 111794263 B CN111794263 B CN 111794263B
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China
Prior art keywords
berthing
pile
box body
watertight
fan
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CN111794263A (en
Inventor
王洪庆
元国凯
方辉
刘东华
杨敏冬
毕明君
李小磊
马兆荣
何小华
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Ocean University of China
China Energy Engineering Group Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute Co Ltd
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Ocean University of China
China Energy Engineering Group Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202010599810.9A priority Critical patent/CN111794263B/en
Publication of CN111794263A publication Critical patent/CN111794263A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/10—Deep foundations
    • E02D27/12—Pile foundations
    • E02D27/16—Foundations formed of separate piles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
    • A01K61/65—Connecting or mooring devices therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/20—Equipment for shipping on coasts, in harbours or on other fixed marine structures, e.g. bollards
    • E02B3/26—Fenders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/22—Foundations specially adapted for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/60—Fishing; Aquaculture; Aquafarming

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an anti-collision marine single-pile foundation and a marine culture pasture. The guiding structure comprises a guiding groove part and a guiding block part, wherein one of the guiding groove part and the guiding block part extends and is arranged on the inner side surface of the berthing structure, and the other guiding groove part and the guiding block part extends and is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the fan pile; the berthing structure comprises at least two berthing units, each berthing unit comprises a watertight box body with adjustable draft, a plurality of damping cushion blocks are arranged on the inner side face of the watertight box body, a plurality of berthing ship fenders are arranged on the outer side face of the watertight box body, and a reinforcing structure is further arranged in the watertight box body. By adopting the anti-collision marine single-pile foundation and the marine culture pasture, the fan pile has the function of berthing, the synchronous adjustment of the berthing structure and the ship is realized, the rigid collision between the berthing structure and the fan pile is avoided, and the replacement and the removal are convenient.

Description

Anti-collision marine single-pile foundation and marine culture pasture
Technical Field
The invention relates to an anti-collision marine single-pile foundation and a marine culture pasture.
Background
The single-pile foundation is the most widely adopted foundation form in the field of offshore wind power engineering, and the fixed single-pile fan foundation form is mainly used in wind fields with water depth within 30 m. A berthing structure is a basic structure for berthing ships, and at present, a conventional berthing structure usually adopts a plurality of fixed berthing upright columns which are fixed by means of direct welding on pile bodies or welding on other auxiliary structures.
At present, most of berthing structures and single-pile fan foundations are constructed independently, and common single-pile fan foundations do not have the function of ship berthing. In addition, the existing berthing structure has the following problems: 1) the berthing structure cannot be adjusted up and down along with waves, so that a large height difference is easily caused between a ship to be berthed and the berthing structure, and the berthing difficulty of the ship is increased; 2) the berthing direction is single, so that the ship can only berth from one direction, and the berthing difficulty is further increased for a sea area with complex flow direction; 3) the mooring structure has poor damping and energy absorbing effects, and the pile body is easily damaged when the mooring structure is impacted by a ship; 4) because the berthing structure is integrally fixed and formed, the berthing structure is inconvenient to replace at the later stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anti-collision offshore single-pile foundation, which is used for solving the technical problems that a single-pile fan foundation in the prior art does not have a berthing function, an existing berthing structure cannot be adjusted up and down along with waves, the berthing direction is single, the energy absorption effect is poor, and later-period replacement is inconvenient.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an anti-collision marine single-pile foundation, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the anti-collision offshore single pile foundation comprises a fan pile and a berthing structure, wherein the berthing structure is assembled on the outer peripheral side of the fan pile in a guiding and sliding manner, a guiding structure is arranged between the berthing structure and the fan pile, the guiding structure comprises a guiding groove part and a guiding block part which are inserted in a guiding and sliding manner, one of the guiding groove part and the guiding block part is arranged on the inner side surface of the berthing structure in an extending manner, and the other guiding groove part and the guiding block part are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the fan pile in an extending manner; the berthing structure comprises at least two berthing units which are spliced to form a ring, each berthing unit comprises a watertight box body with adjustable draft, a plurality of damping cushion blocks are arranged on the inner side face of the watertight box body, a plurality of ship-berthing fender boards are arranged on the outer side face of the watertight box body, and a reinforcing structure used for reinforcing the structural strength is further arranged in the watertight box body.
Further, the guide block part is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the fan pile, the guide groove part is arranged on the inner side surface of the berthing structure, the guide block part is longer than the guide groove part, and blocking structures used for blocking and limiting the berthing structure are arranged at two ends of the guide block part.
Further, the guide block part is provided with a mounting groove in an extending mode, and a ladder stand is arranged in the mounting groove in an extending mode.
Further, the reinforcing structure comprises a first support and a second support, the first support is supported between the ship fender and the inner box wall of the watertight box body, and the second support is obliquely supported between the outer box wall of the watertight box body and the inner box wall.
Furthermore, a plurality of watertight bulkheads are arranged in the watertight box body, and each watertight bulkhead divides an inner cavity of the watertight box body into a plurality of watertight sub-boxes.
Furthermore, the ship-alongside fender can be detachably mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the watertight box body, and a rigid gasket is fixed between the ship-alongside fender and the watertight box body.
Furthermore, the cushion block is hemispherical, and the outer spherical surface of the cushion block faces one side of the fan pile.
The invention also provides a marine culture pasture, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a marine aquaculture pasture includes a plurality of fan foundations and a plurality of food throwing basis that are used for enclosing into aquaculture pasture area, still includes the fishing net structure of enclosing at aquaculture pasture area periphery side, and each fan foundation and each food throwing basis all arrange along fishing net structure interval, fan foundation and food throwing basis are crashproof type marine single pile basis. The anti-collision offshore single pile foundation comprises a fan pile and a berthing structure, the berthing structure is assembled on the outer peripheral side of the fan pile in a guiding and sliding mode, a guiding structure is arranged between the berthing structure and the fan pile, the guiding structure comprises a guiding groove part and a guiding block part which are inserted in a guiding and sliding mode, one of the guiding groove part and the guiding block part extends and is arranged on the inner side surface of the berthing structure, and the other guiding groove part and the guiding block part extends and is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the fan pile; the berthing structure comprises at least two berthing units which are spliced to form a ring, each berthing unit comprises a watertight box body with adjustable draft, a plurality of damping cushion blocks are arranged on the inner side face of the watertight box body, a plurality of ship-berthing fender boards are arranged on the outer side face of the watertight box body, and a reinforcing structure used for reinforcing the structural strength is further arranged in the watertight box body.
Further, the guide block part is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the fan pile, the guide groove part is arranged on the inner side surface of the berthing structure, the guide block part is longer than the guide groove part, and blocking structures used for blocking and limiting the berthing structure are arranged at two ends of the guide block part.
Further, the guide block part is provided with a mounting groove in an extending mode, and a ladder stand is arranged in the mounting groove in an extending mode.
Further, the reinforcing structure comprises a first support and a second support, the first support is supported between the ship fender and the inner box wall of the watertight box body, and the second support is obliquely supported between the outer box wall of the watertight box body and the inner box wall.
Furthermore, a plurality of watertight bulkheads are arranged in the watertight box body, and each watertight bulkhead divides an inner cavity of the watertight box body into a plurality of watertight sub-boxes.
Furthermore, the ship-alongside fender can be detachably mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the watertight box body, and a rigid gasket is fixed between the ship-alongside fender and the watertight box body.
Furthermore, the cushion block is hemispherical, and the outer spherical surface of the cushion block faces one side of the fan pile.
Furthermore, the fishing net structure comprises a truss net part and a flexible net part, wherein the truss net part is positioned on the upper side of the flexible net part, and the truss net part is fixedly connected with the mooring structure of the anti-collision offshore single pile foundation.
Furthermore, an opening structure for ships to pass through is arranged on the truss net part.
Compared with the prior art, the anti-collision marine single-pile foundation and the marine culture pasture provided by the embodiment of the invention have the beneficial effects that: by adopting the anti-collision marine single-pile foundation and the marine culture pasture, the fan pile has the function of berthing, so that the ship can be conveniently berthed. When the device is used, the draft of the berthing structure can be adjusted by adjusting the draft of the watertight box body. The berthing structure is assembled on the outer periphery of the fan pile in a guiding sliding mode, and can be automatically adjusted up and down along with waves, so that synchronous adjustment of the berthing structure and the ship is realized, the height difference between the berthed ship and the berthing structure is reduced, and the ship berthing is facilitated. Because the peripheral side of the berthing structure is provided with the plurality of berthing fenders, the ship can berth from all directions, and the condition that the ship can only berth from a single direction in the prior art is avoided. Because the damping cushion block is arranged on the inner side surface of the watertight box body, the damping cushion block can play a role in damping and absorbing energy, the rigid collision between the berthing structure and the fan pile is avoided, and the damage to the pile body is avoided. In addition, the berthing structure is formed by splicing a plurality of berthing units, each berthing unit is spliced and fixed on the outer peripheral side of the fan pile during installation, and when the berthing structure needs to be replaced and dismantled, the berthing structure is detached and disassembled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the overall structure of a mariculture farm according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an open structure of a mariculture farm according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fishing net configuration for a mariculture farm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a crash-proof marine monopile foundation of a mariculture farm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a docking unit splice of a mariculture farm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken at A-A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 6 at A;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken at B-B of FIG. 4;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a reinforcing structure in the watertight box according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-wind turbine foundation, 2-feeding foundation, 3-fishing net structure, 4-truss net part, 5-flexible net part, 6-opening structure, 7-wind turbine pile, 8-berthing structure, 9-guardrail, 10-ladder stand, 11-berthing unit, 12-guiding groove part, 13-cushion block, 14-mooring pile, 15-guiding block part, 16-mounting groove, 17-watertight bulkhead, 18-watertight sub-box, 19-berthing fender, 20-rigid gasket, 21-first support and 22-second support.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, a mariculture farm according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The marine culture pasture comprises a plurality of fan foundations 1 and a plurality of feeding foundations 2 which are used for enclosing a culture pasture area, and further comprises a fishing net structure 3 which is enclosed on the outer peripheral side of the culture pasture area, each fan foundation 1 and each feeding foundation 2 are arranged at intervals along the fishing net structure 3, and the fan foundations 1 and the feeding foundations 2 are anti-collision marine single-pile foundations. The anti-collision offshore single pile foundation comprises a fan pile 7 and a berthing structure 8, wherein the berthing structure 8 is assembled on the outer peripheral side of the fan pile 7 in a guiding and sliding manner, a guiding structure is arranged between the berthing structure 8 and the fan pile 7, the guiding structure comprises a guiding groove part 12 and a guiding block part 15 which are inserted in a guiding and sliding manner, one of the guiding groove part 12 and the guiding block part 15 is arranged on the inner side surface of the berthing structure 8 in an extending manner, and the other guiding groove part is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the fan pile 7 in an extending manner; the berthing structure 8 comprises at least two berthing units 11 which are spliced to form a ring, each berthing unit 11 comprises a watertight box body with adjustable draft, a plurality of damping cushion blocks 13 are arranged on the inner side face of the watertight box body, a plurality of berthing ship protecting boards 19 are arranged on the outer side face of the watertight box body, and a reinforcing structure used for reinforcing the structural strength is further arranged in the watertight box body.
Specifically, the cultivation pasture area is square in this embodiment, the number of the fan foundations 1 is four, the four fan foundations 1 are respectively arranged at four corner positions of the cultivation pasture area, the total number of the feeding foundations 2 is six in this embodiment, the six feeding foundations 2 are respectively fixed at the side line positions of the cultivation pasture area, the two feeding foundations 2 are respectively arranged at the side lines of the two opposite cultivation pasture areas in this embodiment, and the feeding foundations 2 are respectively arranged at the side lines of the two opposite cultivation pasture areas. In this embodiment, the fishing net structure 3 is encircled at the edge of the culture pasture area, and the fishing net structure 3 sequentially connects the fan foundations 1 and the feeding foundations 2 in series.
In this embodiment, the wind turbine foundation 1 and the feeding foundation 2 are both an anti-collision marine single-pile foundation, and as shown in fig. 4 to 9, the anti-collision marine single-pile foundation in this embodiment includes a wind turbine pile 7 and a mooring structure 8. Fan stake 7 is the fan steel-pipe pile who stands in the ocean promptly, because fan stake 7 is prior art, no longer details in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the fan pile 7 is in a circular tube shape, the mooring structure 8 is in an annular shape, an inner hole of the mooring structure 8 is in a circular hole structure matched with the circular tube-shaped fan pile 7, and the outer peripheral surface of the mooring structure 8 is in an octagonal structure. In the embodiment, four guide structures are arranged between the mooring structure 8 and the fan pile 7, each guide structure comprises a guide groove portion 12 arranged on the inner side of the mooring structure 8 and a guide block portion 15 arranged on the outer periphery of the fan pile 7, as shown in fig. 7, the guide block portion 15 is longer than the guide groove portion 12, and the guide structures are arranged to enable the mooring structure 8 to slide up and down along the fan pile 7 and have a rotation stopping function to limit relative rotation between the mooring structure 8 and the fan pile 7. In the embodiment, four guide structures are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, that is, any two adjacent guide structures are spaced by 90 degrees.
In order to limit the up-and-down sliding stroke of the mooring structure 8, in this embodiment, blocking structures are disposed at the upper and lower ends of the guide block portion 15, the blocking structures are baffles or stoppers fixed on the fan piles 7, and the blocking structures can block the mooring structure 8, so as to limit the up-and-down stroke of the mooring structure 8. In order to facilitate the maintenance of workers, in the present embodiment, each guide block portion 15 is further provided with a mounting groove 16, the mounting groove 16 extends along the guide block portion 15, in the present embodiment, a notch of the mounting groove 16 is arranged opposite to a notch of the guide groove portion 12, and the ladder 10 extends in the mounting groove 16.
As shown in fig. 5, the berthing structure 8 in this embodiment includes two berthing units 11, each of the two berthing units 11 is semicircular, and the two berthing units 11 are fixed together by bolts and spliced to form the berthing structure 8. In the present embodiment, the berthing unit 11 includes a watertight box, a plurality of watertight bulkheads 17 are disposed in the watertight box, the watertight bulkheads 17 are disposed at intervals along the circumferential direction, each watertight bulkhead 17 divides the inner cavity of the watertight box into a plurality of watertight sub-boxes 18, as shown in fig. 8, each watertight bulkhead 17 in the present embodiment is disposed along the diagonal line of the berthing structure 8, and the watertight bulkhead 17 divides the inner cavity of the watertight box into eight watertight sub-boxes 18 having a trapezoidal cross section. Thus, when one watertight sub-tank 18 leaks water, the remaining watertight sub-tanks 18 still have buoyancy, thereby ensuring the safety of use.
In this embodiment, a plurality of cushion blocks 13 are disposed on the inner side surface of the watertight box, each cushion block 13 is arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, each cushion block 13 is hemispherical in this embodiment, and the outer spherical surface of each cushion block 13 faces one side of the fan pile 7. Therefore, the shock absorption cushion block 13 is in point contact with the fan pile 7, and the situation that the fan pile 7 and the berthing structure 8 are not easy to slide up and down due to large friction force caused by the arrangement of the shock absorption cushion block 13 is avoided. In this embodiment, the cushion block 13 is made of an elastic material, and the cushion block 13 can perform a shock absorption and energy absorption function, so as to slow down the collision between the mooring structure 8 and the fan pile 7.
In this embodiment, ship-approaching fenders 19 are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the watertight box body, and the ship-approaching fenders 19 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, specifically, in this embodiment, because the outer peripheral surface of the berthing structure 8 is of an octagonal structure, two ship-approaching fenders 19 are arranged on corresponding edges of the octagonal structure in this embodiment. As shown in fig. 8, the fender 19 is fixed to the mooring structure 8 by bolts in the present embodiment, and rigid spacers 20 are fixed between the fender 19 and the outer peripheral surface of the mooring structure 8 in the present embodiment in order to increase the structural strength. The fender 19 and the rigid gasket 20 are integrally fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the watertight box by bolts.
In order to increase the structural strength of the watertight box, in this embodiment a reinforcing structure is provided within each watertight sub-box 18, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the reinforcing structure in this embodiment comprising two first supports 21 and two second supports 22. In this embodiment two first supports 21 are supported between the fender 19 and the inner wall of the watertight box, respectively, each first support 21 extending in the radial direction of the mooring structure 8. In this embodiment, two second supports 22 are respectively supported obliquely between the outer wall and the inner wall of the watertight box.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the filling holes for filling the filling carrier liquid are provided on the walls of each watertight sub-tank 18, and the draft of the berthing structure 8 can be adjusted by filling two different loading liquids into each watertight sub-tank 18. And after the pouring is finished, sealing and plugging each pouring hole. A plurality of guardrails 9 and a plurality of bollards 14 are also provided on top of the mooring structure 8 in this embodiment. Each guard rail 9 is located inside each bollard 14, each guard rail 9 is arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and each bollard 14 is also arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
Fishing net structure 3 includes truss net portion 4 and flexible net portion 5 in this embodiment, and truss net portion 4 is located the upside of flexible net portion 5, and truss net portion 4's both sides respectively with the structure 8 fixed connection that leans on moored on corresponding crashproof type marine single pile basis. The truss wire section 4 can thus be moved up and down in synchronism with the mooring structure 8, so that the height of the truss wire section 4 can be adjusted up and down in response to tidal differences. Truss net portion 4 includes truss structure and fishing net in this embodiment, and truss structure plays the effect that the skeleton supported, and truss net portion 4 includes above-water part and part under water in this embodiment, and the height of part under water is about 8 m. The flexible net part 5 comprises a fishing net and flexible reinforcing ribs in the embodiment, the flexible net part 5 is connected below the truss net part 4, and a certain allowance is arranged between the truss net part 4 and the flexible net part 5 in the embodiment, so that the truss net part 4 can be stretched and compensated when moving up and down. Since the marine fishing net structure 3 is the prior art, the fishing net structure 3 is only fixedly connected with each anti-collision marine single-pile foundation in the embodiment, and the details of the fishing net structure 3 are omitted here. In this embodiment, an open structure 6 for a ship to pass through is further disposed on the truss net portion 4, and the open structure 6 is a low-lying place of the truss net portion 4.
The embodiment of the anti-collision marine single-pile foundation comprises the following steps: the structure of the anti-collision marine single-pile foundation is the same as that of the anti-collision marine single-pile foundation in the marine aquaculture pasture, and the details are omitted here.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides an anti-collision marine single-pile foundation and a marine culture pasture, and the anti-collision marine single-pile foundation and the marine culture pasture enable the fan pile 7 to have a berthing function, so that the ship can be conveniently berthed. When the device is used, the draft of the berthing structure 8 can be adjusted by adjusting the draft of the watertight box body. Because the berthing structure 8 is assembled on the periphery of the fan pile 7 in a guiding and sliding manner, the berthing structure 8 can be automatically adjusted up and down along with waves, thereby realizing the synchronous adjustment of the berthing structure and the ship, reducing the height difference between the berthed ship and the berthing structure 8 and facilitating the berthing of the ship. Because the peripheral side of the berthing structure 8 is provided with a plurality of berthing fenders 19, the ship can berth from all directions, and the condition that the ship can only berth from a single direction in the prior art is avoided. Because the inner side surface of the watertight box body is provided with the damping cushion block 13, the damping cushion block 13 can play a role in damping and energy absorption, the rigid collision between the berthing structure 8 and the fan pile 7 is avoided, and the damage to the pile body is avoided. In addition, the berthing structure 8 is formed by splicing a plurality of berthing units 11, each berthing unit 11 is spliced and fixed on the outer peripheral side of the fan pile 7 during installation, and when the berthing structure 8 needs to be replaced and dismantled, the berthing structure 8 is detached and dismantled.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides an offshore single pile basis of anticollision type which characterized in that: the guiding structure comprises a guiding groove part and a guiding block part which are guided, slid and inserted, wherein one of the guiding groove part and the guiding block part extends and is arranged on the inner side surface of the berthing structure, and the other guiding groove part and the guiding block part extends and is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the fan pile; the berthing structure comprises at least two berthing units which are spliced into a ring, each berthing unit comprises a watertight box body with adjustable draft, a plurality of shock absorption cushion blocks are arranged on the inner side surface of the watertight box body, a plurality of ship-berthing fender boards are arranged on the outer side surface of the watertight box body, and a reinforcing structure for reinforcing the structural strength is further arranged in the watertight box body; the guide block part is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the fan pile, the guide groove part is arranged on the inner side surface of the berthing structure, the guide block part is longer than the guide groove part, and two ends of the guide block part are provided with plugging structures for stopping and limiting the berthing structure; the guide block part is provided with a mounting groove in an extending mode, a notch of the mounting groove is opposite to a notch of the guide groove part, and a ladder stand is arranged in the mounting groove in an extending mode.
2. The anti-collision offshore mono-pile foundation of claim 1, wherein: the reinforced structure comprises a first support and a second support, the first support is supported between the ship-approaching fender and the inner box wall of the watertight box body, and the second support is obliquely supported between the outer box wall of the watertight box body and the inner box wall.
3. The anti-collision offshore mono-pile foundation of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of watertight bulkheads are arranged in the watertight box body, and each watertight bulkhead divides an inner cavity of the watertight box body into a plurality of watertight sub-boxes.
4. The anti-collision offshore mono-pile foundation of claim 1, wherein: the ship-leaning fender is detachably arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the watertight box body, and a rigid gasket is fixed between the ship-leaning fender and the watertight box body.
5. The anti-collision offshore mono-pile foundation of claim 1, wherein: the damping cushion block is hemispherical, and the outer spherical surface of the damping cushion block faces one side of the fan pile.
6. A mariculture pasture, characterized in that: the anti-collision marine single-pile foundation comprises a plurality of fan foundations and a plurality of feeding foundations which are used for enclosing a cultivation pasture area, and further comprises a fishing net structure which is enclosed on the outer peripheral side of the cultivation pasture area, wherein each fan foundation and each feeding foundation are arranged at intervals along the fishing net structure, and the fan foundations and the feeding foundations are the anti-collision marine single-pile foundations of any one of the claims 1-5.
7. The mariculture pasture of claim 6, wherein: the fishing net structure comprises a truss net part and a flexible net part, wherein the truss net part is positioned on the upper side of the flexible net part, and the truss net part is fixedly connected with the mooring structure of the anti-collision marine single-pile foundation.
8. The mariculture pasture of claim 7, wherein: and an opening structure for ships to pass through is arranged on the truss net part.
CN202010599810.9A 2020-06-28 2020-06-28 Anti-collision marine single-pile foundation and marine culture pasture Active CN111794263B (en)

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CN110050740A (en) * 2019-04-28 2019-07-26 清华大学深圳研究生院 Far-reaching sea floating scene fishing comprehensive equipment
CN210066648U (en) * 2019-05-13 2020-02-14 龙源（北京）风电工程设计咨询有限公司 Novel marine removable formula ring board leans on ship spare
CN111165412A (en) * 2020-01-03 2020-05-19 惠生（南通）重工有限公司 Offshore wind power breeding integrated platform

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CN201437585U (en) * 2009-06-25 2010-04-14 浙江省舟山连岛工程建设指挥部 Anti-collision sleeve case of large bridge main pier
CN204825935U (en) * 2015-06-05 2015-12-02 北京铁五院工程机械有限公司 Detachable floating energy dissipation collision avoidance pier device
CN206529741U (en) * 2016-08-26 2017-09-29 刘明沛 A kind of anticollision device of pier
CN109162254A (en) * 2018-09-29 2019-01-08 佛山科学技术学院 A kind of crash energy absorption equipment based on foamed aluminium material
CN109334883A (en) * 2018-10-10 2019-02-15 中国船舶科学研究中心（中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所） It is a kind of sea buoyant wind power generation with fishery cage culture hybrid platform
CN110050740A (en) * 2019-04-28 2019-07-26 清华大学深圳研究生院 Far-reaching sea floating scene fishing comprehensive equipment
CN210066648U (en) * 2019-05-13 2020-02-14 龙源（北京）风电工程设计咨询有限公司 Novel marine removable formula ring board leans on ship spare
CN111165412A (en) * 2020-01-03 2020-05-19 惠生（南通）重工有限公司 Offshore wind power breeding integrated platform

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