CN111793752B - Method for preparing coarse iron-tin alloy granular iron by using tin-containing lead slag - Google Patents
Method for preparing coarse iron-tin alloy granular iron by using tin-containing lead slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN111793752B CN111793752B CN202010696201.5A CN202010696201A CN111793752B CN 111793752 B CN111793752 B CN 111793752B CN 202010696201 A CN202010696201 A CN 202010696201A CN 111793752 B CN111793752 B CN 111793752B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/243—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0066—Preliminary conditioning of the solid carbonaceous reductant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/10—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in hearth-type furnaces
- C21B13/105—Rotary hearth-type furnaces
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- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
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- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/34—Obtaining zinc oxide
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- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B25/00—Obtaining tin
- C22B25/02—Obtaining tin by dry processes
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- C22B25/00—Obtaining tin
- C22B25/06—Obtaining tin from scrap, especially tin scrap
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- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
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- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing coarse iron-tin alloy granular iron by utilizing tin-lead containing slag, which comprises the steps of 1) treating, 2) reducing and volatilizing, 3) reducing and granulating, 4) crushing and magnetically separating, and 4) recovering waste materials, and the method has the advantages of large treatment capacity and good environmental protection benefit; high-quality zinc oxide powder can be obtained; compared with the prior art for treating the lead slag, the energy consumption for treating the lead slag is low, the product quality is good, and the economic value is obvious; the process does not need to add any additive, and has low cost benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgical waste residue treatment, in particular to a method for preparing coarse iron-tin alloy granular iron by using tin-containing lead slag.
Background
The lead slag mainly refers to waste slag discharged In the lead pyrometallurgical process, the lead slag generally contains a plurality of metals such as Pb, Zn, Fe, Ag, In, Sn, Cu and the like with recovery value, and the methods for treating the lead slag include a fuming method, a slag agglomeration smelting method and a rotary kiln volatilization method. China is treated by a fuming method. The fuming method is that a small amount of air is used to blow coal powder through a molten slag layer in a fuming furnace, the generated CO reduces and volatilizes PbO and ZnO, and the reduced and volatilized metal enters a flue along with furnace gas in a gas state and is oxidized into PbO and ZnO by the air, and the PbO and ZnO are recovered by a dust collector. The lump slag smelting process includes crushing lead slag, mixing with coke powder, adding adhesive, smelting in blast furnace with coke, introducing volatile metal gas, such as lead, zinc, etc. into fume and recovering. The rotary kiln volatilization method is to perform reduction volatilization reaction of PbO and ZnO in a rotary kiln. The slag with high zinc content is not suitable for a rotary kiln volatilization method. When the lead smelting furnace material contains high arsenic and antimony and has the existence of iron, cobalt and nickel, yellow slag (FeAs, NiAs, CoAs, FeSb and the like) is produced. The yellow residue needs to comprehensively recover arsenic, antimony and lead.
The slag treated by the fuming method is mainly of a vitreous body structure and has strong fixing capacity on metal ions, so that harmful elements which are easy to dissolve in water can be solidified at high temperature, and the outward migration of the harmful metal ions from the slag is delayed. Eliminating potential harm to the environment. The water-quenched slag of the lead fume furnace can be used for producing cement or used as aggregate for manufacturing cinder bricks, and the lead slag after the components are adjusted can also be used for manufacturing cast stones, and the performance of the cast stones is not inferior to that of standard cast stones.
The invention discloses a method for preparing crude iron-tin alloy by using tin-containing lead slag.
Free-cutting steel is an alloy steel which is improved in machinability by adding chemical elements (e.g., sulfur, phosphorus, lead, calcium, selenium, tellurium, etc.) which are added in appropriate amounts to form favorable non-metallic inclusions in the steel, and further adding alloy steel which is dissolved in a solid solution (e.g., ferrite) to improve machinability. Such steels can be machined with high cutting speeds and great cutting depths. Its main advantages are low resistance to cutting, easy cutting, lubricating cutting tool, easy breaking and less wear, so reducing the surface roughness of workpiece and increasing the service life of cutting tool and productivity. The free-cutting steel is mainly used in the automobile industry, the precision instrument industry and the household appliance industry. At present, lead-series and sulfur-series free-cutting steel products are most widely applied, but lead smelting and lead-containing scrap steel recovery smelting process pollute the environment, so that the application of the lead-containing steel products is limited, and some European and American countries stop recovering lead-containing automobile parts. Tin and lead are also IVA group elements, the physical and chemical properties are similar, and the price of tin is relatively low compared with selenium and tellurium, so the research work of tin-containing free-cutting steel has been started at home and abroad in recent years. It is generally considered that in tin-containing free-cutting steel, the content of tin element is controlled not to exceed 0.05%, so that good free-cutting index can be achieved, and the mechanical strength of the steel is not influenced. In the cast iron production process, a great deal of research shows that when the tin content is 0.1-0.2%, the tin element has obvious effect on improving the corrosion resistance of the cast iron, mainly because the tin promotes the formation of pearlite in the cast iron and improves the dispersity of the pearlite, and meanwhile, the trace tin element is beneficial to improving the tensile strength and the Brinell hardness of the cast iron. The main method for producing tin-containing free-cutting steel and tin-containing cast iron at present is to add a certain amount of tin to molten iron, and the tin added to the molten iron must be high-purity refined tin (purity more than 99.9%).
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preparing coarse iron-tin alloy granular iron by using tin-containing lead slag.
The scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing coarse iron-tin alloy granular iron by using tin-lead containing slag comprises the following steps:
1) processing, namely crushing tin-lead-containing slag to 1-3mm by a raw material crushing system, mixing the crushed tin-lead-containing slag, a reducing volatile agent, an adhesive and water by a mixing system, feeding a mixture of the tin-lead-containing slag, the reducing volatile agent, the adhesive and the water in a ratio of 100: 22-30: 2-5: 12-18 into a ball press for pelletizing by a pelletizing process, and feeding the pelletized pellets into a dryer for drying;
2) reducing and volatilizing, namely distributing the dried pellets into a feeding area of a rotary hearth furnace through a distributing machine, controlling a burner of the rotary hearth furnace to keep the temperature of a lead-zinc volatilizing area at 1150-1280 ℃ when the pellets enter the lead-zinc volatilizing area of the rotary hearth furnace, and controlling the air-fuel ratio of a burner in the lead-zinc volatilizing area to ensure that the concentration of carbon monoxide is 8-15% and the concentration of oxygen is 0.5-1.5%;
3) reducing and granulating, wherein flue gas generated by the rotary hearth furnace is recycled, the pellets enter a high-temperature granular iron forming area of the rotary hearth furnace through a lead-zinc volatilization area, the temperature of the high-temperature granular iron forming area is 1380-1410 ℃, iron grains in the pellets grow into iron-tin alloy granular iron under the condition that the pellets are heated in the high-temperature granular iron forming area, and then the pellets are discharged through a discharge area of the rotary hearth furnace;
4) crushing and magnetic separation, wherein the discharged pellets containing iron-tin alloy granular iron pass through a crushing and magnetic separation system to select iron-tin alloy granular iron;
5) and (4) recovering waste materials, and carrying out magnetic separation to generate tailings to be used as a building material.
Preferably, in the step 1), the crushed tin-lead slag, the reducing volatile agent, the adhesive and water are mixed according to a ratio of 100: 25-28: 2-5: and (3) pelletizing at a ratio of 13-15.
As a preferred technical scheme, the rotary hearth furnace comprises a feeding area, a lead-zinc volatilization area, a high-temperature granular iron forming area and a discharging area, wherein the feeding area, the lead-zinc volatilization area, the high-temperature granular iron forming area and the discharging area form a disc shape in the rotary hearth furnace, the included angle of a sector of the feeding area is 20 degrees, the included angle of a sector of the lead-zinc volatilization area is 130 degrees, the included angle of a sector of the high-temperature granular iron forming area is 190 degrees, and the included angle of a sector of the discharging area is 20 degrees respectively.
Preferably, the reducing volatile agent is semi-coke.
Preferably, the binder is bentonite.
As a preferred technical scheme, the ball press is a double-roller rolling press, the ball press process adopts the double-roller rolling press to press the mixture into oval pellets with the thickness of 8-12 mm, the length of 20-30 mm and the width of 15-20 mm, and the pellets are dried to the moisture content of less than 0.5% by a grate dryer.
As a preferable technical scheme, the pellets enter the discharging area from the feeding area of the rotary hearth furnace and are discharged, and the time is 30-40 min.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the method for preparing the coarse iron-tin alloy granular iron by using the tin-containing lead slag comprises the following steps: 1) processing, namely crushing tin-lead slag into 1-3mm by a raw material crushing system, mixing the crushed tin-lead slag, a reducing volatile agent, a bonding agent and water by a mixing system, feeding a mixture of the tin-lead slag, the reducing volatile agent, the bonding agent and the water in a ratio of 100: 22-30: 2-5: 12-18 into a ball press for pelletizing by a pelletizing process, and feeding the pelletized pellets into a dryer for drying; 2) reducing and volatilizing, namely distributing the dried pellets into a feeding area of a rotary hearth furnace through a distributing machine, controlling a burner of the rotary hearth furnace to keep the temperature of a lead-zinc volatilizing area at 1150-1280 ℃ when the pellets enter the lead-zinc volatilizing area of the rotary hearth furnace, and controlling the air-fuel ratio of a burner in the lead-zinc volatilizing area to ensure that the concentration of carbon monoxide is 8-15% and the concentration of oxygen is 0.5-1.5%; 3) reducing and granulating, wherein flue gas generated by the rotary hearth furnace is recycled, the pellets enter a high-temperature granular iron forming area of the rotary hearth furnace through a lead-zinc volatilization area, the temperature of the high-temperature granular iron forming area is 1380-1410 ℃, iron grains in the pellets grow into iron-tin alloy granular iron under the condition that the pellets are heated in the high-temperature granular iron forming area, and then the pellets are discharged through a discharge area of the rotary hearth furnace; 4) crushing and magnetic separation, wherein the discharged pellets containing iron-tin alloy granular iron pass through a crushing and magnetic separation system to select iron-tin alloy granular iron; 5) and (5) recovering waste materials, and performing magnetic separation to generate tailings serving as a building material.
The invention utilizes the condition that the strong reducing atmosphere of the rotary hearth furnace can quickly reduce metal oxides, and simultaneously, the metal iron and the metal tin have stronger binding capacity, so that the metal tin and the metal iron form alloy in a zinc volatilization area, lead and zinc are reduced into simple substances to volatilize into smoke, valuable metals in lead slag are separated, and high-value alloy products and zinc-containing dust are obtained.
The temperature is kept between 1150 ℃ and 1280 ℃ by controlling the process parameters of the rotary hearth furnace burner, 1200-1260 ℃ is preferred, and the concentration of CO is 8-15 percent and the concentration of oxygen is 0.5-1.5 percent by controlling the air-fuel ratio of the burner in the lead-zinc volatilization zone, so that the strong reducing atmosphere is ensured. The temperature of the high-temperature granular iron forming area is controlled at 1380-1410 ℃, and the thermodynamics of the reaction area is improved under the high-temperature condition.
The pellet has increased strength, is not easy to break and pulverize, ensures the integrity of the pellet in a hearth, avoids the powder entering a flue along with flue gas from influencing the quality of zinc oxide dust, reduces the content of valuable elements zinc in the zinc oxide dust and increases the content of impurity elements iron, calcium, magnesium, aluminum and silicon due to excessive powder in the flue gas, finally obtains the zinc oxide dust with the iron content less than 2 percent and high economic value, and the surplus carbon is beneficial to the rapid reduction of the iron, lead, zinc and tin oxide and can ensure the strong reducing atmosphere in the hearth, in the temperature range of 1150-1280 ℃, both the iron oxide and the tin oxide can be reduced into metal simple substances in a strong reducing atmosphere, and the simple substance of tin is tightly combined with iron in the form of solid solution, thereby reducing the volatilization of tin and ensuring the obtaining of the iron-tin alloy.
According to the invention, the reducing agent in the mixed material in the pellets is in close contact with the metal oxide in the pellets through the binder, so that each reaction is facilitated to be carried out under a high-temperature condition, the reaction rate is improved, tin dioxide is quickly reduced into metal tin, the tin element is prevented from volatilizing in the form of stannous oxide, meanwhile, the binder plays a role in enhancing the strength of the pellets, the pellets are not easy to crush in a hearth, dust is reduced, and the quality of zinc oxide is improved.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the tin-lead slag is utilized, so that the treatment capacity is large, and the environmental protection benefit is good;
2. the iron-tin alloy is prepared by utilizing the strong combining capacity of the metal tin and the metal iron, so that the problems of high cost and long process flow of the traditional process for separating tin independently are solved, and high-quality zinc oxide powder can be obtained;
3. compared with the prior art for treating the lead slag, the energy consumption for treating the lead slag is low, the product quality is good, and the economic value is obvious;
4. the process does not need to add any additive, and has low cost benefit;
5. 90-94% of grade of granular iron, 85-90% of recovery rate of iron, 1.5-2.2% of grade of tin and 82-88% of recovery rate of tin.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention;
1-a raw material crushing system; 2-a mixing system; 3-pressing a ball machine; 4-a dryer; 5-rotary hearth furnace; 50-a feeding zone; 51-a lead zinc volatilization zone; 52-a high temperature granular iron forming zone; 53-a discharge zone; 6-a crushing magnetic separation system; 7-iron-tin alloy granular iron; 8-tailings.
Detailed Description
In order to make up for the above deficiencies, the invention provides a method for preparing coarse iron-tin alloy granular iron by using tin-lead containing slag and a preparation method thereof so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
A method for preparing coarse iron-tin alloy granular iron by using tin-lead containing slag comprises the following steps:
1) processing, namely crushing tin-lead-containing slag to 1-3mm by a raw material crushing system, mixing the crushed tin-lead-containing slag, a reducing volatile agent, an adhesive and water by a mixing system, feeding a mixture of the tin-lead-containing slag, the reducing volatile agent, the adhesive and the water in a ratio of 100: 22-30: 2-5: 12-18 into a ball press for pelletizing by a pelletizing process, and feeding the pelletized pellets into a dryer for drying;
2) reducing and volatilizing, namely distributing the dried pellets into a feeding area of a rotary hearth furnace through a distributing machine, when the pellets enter a lead-zinc volatilizing area of the rotary hearth furnace, controlling a burner of the rotary hearth furnace to keep the temperature of the lead-zinc volatilizing area at 1150-1280 ℃, controlling the air-fuel ratio of a burner in the lead-zinc volatilizing area to ensure that the concentration of carbon monoxide is 8-15% and the concentration of oxygen is 0.5-1.5%, reducing and volatilizing zinc oxide and lead oxide in the pellets into metal zinc and metal lead, volatilizing the metal lead and the metal zinc into flue gas, oxidizing the metal lead and the metal zinc again to form zinc oxide dust, wherein the volatilization rate of the lead is 90-93%, and the volatilization rate of the zinc is 94-98%; iron oxide in the pellets is reduced and volatilized into metallic iron, SnO2The metal tin is reduced and volatilized to form metal tin, the metal tin is easily combined with metal iron to form a Fe-Sn alloy phase, so that the volatilization of tin is avoided, the volatilization rate of tin in the area can be controlled within 10 percent, and the reduction volatile atmosphere is ensured;
3) reducing and granulating, wherein flue gas generated by the rotary hearth furnace is recycled, the pellets enter a high-temperature granular iron forming area of the rotary hearth furnace through a lead-zinc volatilization area, the temperature of the high-temperature granular iron forming area is 1380-1410 ℃, iron grains in the pellets grow into iron-tin alloy granular iron under the condition that the pellets are heated in the high-temperature granular iron forming area, and then the pellets are discharged through a discharge area of the rotary hearth furnace;
4) crushing and magnetic separation, wherein the discharged pellets containing iron-tin alloy granular iron pass through a crushing and magnetic separation system to select iron-tin alloy granular iron;
5) and (5) recovering waste materials, and performing magnetic separation to generate tailings serving as a building material.
Mixing the crushed tin-lead slag, the reducing volatile agent, the adhesive and water in the step 1), wherein the weight ratio of the crushed tin-lead slag to the reducing volatile agent is 100: 25-28: 2-5: and (3) pelletizing at a ratio of 13-15.
The rotary hearth furnace comprises a feeding area, a lead-zinc volatilization area, a high-temperature granular iron forming area and a discharging area, wherein the feeding area, the lead-zinc volatilization area, the high-temperature granular iron forming area and the discharging area are in a circular disc shape in the rotary hearth furnace, the fan-shaped included angle of the feeding area is 20 degrees, the fan-shaped included angle of the lead-zinc volatilization area is 130 degrees, the fan-shaped included angle of the high-temperature granular iron forming area is 190 degrees, and the fan-shaped included angle of the discharging area is respectively 20 degrees.
The reducing volatile agent is semi-coke, the reducing volatile agent is semi-coke with relatively high fixed carbon and low volatile components and ash content, and the high-quality reducing volatile agent can ensure the reducing volatile atmosphere in a hearth, promote the rapid reducing volatilization of iron, tin, lead and zinc oxides and improve the dynamic conditions of the reducing volatilization reaction.
The adhesive is bentonite, the adhesive ensures the strength of the pellets, and the falling strength of the pellets is more than 10 times.
The ball press is a double-roller rolling machine, the ball press process adopts the double-roller rolling machine to press the mixture into oval pellets with the thickness of 8-12 mm, the length of 20-30 mm and the width of 15-20 mm, and the pellets are dried to the moisture content of less than 0.5 percent through a grate dryer.
And the pellets enter the feeding area of the rotary hearth furnace and are discharged from the discharging area for 30-40 min.
The zinc oxide dust contains 48-55% of zinc and 15-24% of lead.
The grade of the granular iron in the iron-tin alloy granular iron is 90-94 percent, the recovery rate of the iron is 85-90 percent, the grade of the tin in the iron-tin alloy granular iron is 1.5-2.2 percent, and the recovery rate of the tin is 82-88 percent.
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Example 1
1) Processing, namely crushing tin-lead-containing slag to 1-3mm by a raw material crushing system 1, mixing the crushed tin-lead-containing slag, a reducing volatile agent, an adhesive and water by a mixing system 2, feeding a mixture of the tin-lead-containing slag, the reducing volatile agent, the adhesive and the water in a ratio of 100:22:2:12 into a ball press machine 3 for pelletizing by a pelletizing process, and feeding the pelletized pellets into a dryer 4 for drying;
2) reducing and volatilizing, namely distributing the dried pellets into a feeding area of a rotary hearth furnace 5 through a distributing machine, when the pellets enter a lead-zinc volatilizing area 51 of the rotary hearth furnace 5, controlling a burner of the rotary hearth furnace 5 to keep the temperature of the lead-zinc volatilizing area 51 at 1150 ℃, and controlling the air-fuel ratio of a burner in the lead-zinc volatilizing area 51 to ensure that the concentration of carbon monoxide is 8-15% and the concentration of oxygen is 0.5-1.5%;
3) reducing and granulating, wherein flue gas generated by the rotary hearth furnace 5 is recycled, the pellets enter a high-temperature granular iron forming area 52 of the rotary hearth furnace 5 through a lead-zinc volatilization area 51, the temperature of the high-temperature granular iron forming area 52 is 1380 ℃, under the condition that the pellets are heated in the high-temperature granular iron forming area 52, iron grains in the pellets grow into iron-tin alloy granular iron, and then the pellets are discharged through a discharge area 53 of the rotary hearth furnace 5;
4) crushing and magnetic separation, wherein the discharged pellets containing iron-tin alloy granular iron pass through a crushing and magnetic separation system 6 to select iron-tin alloy granular iron 7;
5) and (4) recovering waste materials, and carrying out magnetic separation to generate tailings 8 as a building material.
The rotary hearth furnace 5 comprises a feeding area 50, a lead-zinc volatilization area 51, a high-temperature granular iron forming area 52 and a discharging area 53, wherein the feeding area 50, the lead-zinc volatilization area 51, the high-temperature granular iron forming area 52 and the discharging area 53 form a disc shape in the rotary hearth furnace 5, the sector included angle of the feeding area 50 is 20 degrees, the sector included angle of the lead-zinc volatilization area 51 is 130 degrees, the sector included angle of the high-temperature granular iron forming area 52 is 190 degrees, and the sector included angle of the discharging area 53 is 20 degrees respectively.
The reducing volatile agent is semi-coke.
The adhesive is bentonite.
The ball press machine 3 is a double-roller rolling machine, the ball press process adopts the double-roller rolling machine to press the mixture into oval pellets with the thickness of 8-12 mm, the length of 20-30 mm and the width of 15-20 mm, and the pellets are dried to the moisture content of less than 0.5% through a grate dryer.
The pellets enter the discharging area 53 from the feeding area 50 of the rotary hearth furnace 5 and are discharged for 30 min.
Example 2
1) Processing, namely crushing tin-lead-containing slag to 1-3mm by a raw material crushing system 1, mixing the crushed tin-lead-containing slag, a reducing volatile agent, an adhesive and water by a mixing system 2, feeding a mixture of the tin-lead-containing slag, the reducing volatile agent, the adhesive and the water in a ratio of 100:30:5:18 into a ball press machine 3 for pelletizing by a pelletizing process, and feeding the pelletized pellets into a dryer 4 for drying;
2) reducing and volatilizing, namely distributing the dried pellets into a feeding area of a rotary hearth furnace 5 through a distributing machine, controlling a burner of the rotary hearth furnace 5 to keep the temperature of a lead-zinc volatilizing area 51 at 1280 ℃ when the pellets enter the lead-zinc volatilizing area 51 of the rotary hearth furnace 5, and controlling the air-fuel ratio of a burner in the lead-zinc volatilizing area 51 to ensure that the concentration of carbon monoxide is 8-15% and the concentration of oxygen is 0.5-1.5%;
3) carrying out reduction granulation, recovering flue gas generated by the rotary hearth furnace 5, allowing the pellets to enter a high-temperature granular iron forming area 52 of the rotary hearth furnace 5 through a lead-zinc volatilization area 51, allowing the temperature of the high-temperature granular iron forming area 52 to be 1410 ℃, growing iron grains in the pellets into iron-tin alloy granular iron under the condition that the pellets are heated in the high-temperature granular iron forming area 52, and then discharging the pellets through a discharge area 53 of the rotary hearth furnace 5;
4) crushing and magnetic separation, wherein the discharged pellets containing iron-tin alloy granular iron pass through a crushing and magnetic separation system 6 to select iron-tin alloy granular iron 7;
5) and (4) recovering waste materials, and performing magnetic separation to generate tailings 8 serving as a building material.
The rotary hearth furnace 5 comprises a feeding area 50, a lead-zinc volatilization area 51, a high-temperature granular iron forming area 52 and a discharging area 53, wherein the feeding area 50, the lead-zinc volatilization area 51, the high-temperature granular iron forming area 52 and the discharging area 53 form a disc shape in the rotary hearth furnace 5, the sector included angle of the feeding area 50 is 20 degrees, the sector included angle of the lead-zinc volatilization area 51 is 130 degrees, the sector included angle of the high-temperature granular iron forming area 52 is 190 degrees, and the sector included angle of the discharging area 53 is 20 degrees respectively.
The reducing volatile agent is semi-coke.
The adhesive is bentonite.
The ball press machine 3 is a double-roller rolling machine, the ball press process adopts the double-roller rolling machine to press the mixture into oval pellets with the thickness of 8-12 mm, the length of 20-30 mm and the width of 15-20 mm, and the pellets are dried to the moisture content of less than 0.5% through a grate dryer.
The pellets enter the discharging area 53 from the feeding area 50 of the rotary hearth furnace 5 and are discharged for 40 min.
Example 3
1) Processing, namely crushing tin-lead-containing slag to 1-3mm by a raw material crushing system 1, mixing the crushed tin-lead-containing slag, a reducing volatile agent, an adhesive and water by a mixing system 2, feeding a mixture of the tin-lead-containing slag, the reducing volatile agent, the adhesive and the water in a ratio of 100:27:3:16 into a ball press machine 3 for pelletizing by a pelletizing process, and feeding the pelletized pellets into a dryer 4 for drying;
2) reducing and volatilizing, namely distributing the dried pellets into a feeding area of a rotary hearth furnace 5 through a distributing machine, when the pellets enter a lead-zinc volatilizing area 51 of the rotary hearth furnace 5, controlling a burner of the rotary hearth furnace 5 to keep the temperature of the lead-zinc volatilizing area 51 at 1200 ℃, and controlling the air-fuel ratio of a burner in the lead-zinc volatilizing area 51 to ensure that the concentration of carbon monoxide is 8-15% and the concentration of oxygen is 0.5-1.5%;
3) reducing and granulating, wherein flue gas generated by the rotary hearth furnace 5 is recycled, the pellets enter a high-temperature granular iron forming area 52 of the rotary hearth furnace 5 through a lead-zinc volatilization area 51, the temperature of the high-temperature granular iron forming area 52 is 1390 ℃, under the condition that the pellets are heated in the high-temperature granular iron forming area 52, iron grains in the pellets grow into iron-tin alloy granular iron, and then the pellets are discharged through a discharging area 53 of the rotary hearth furnace 5;
4) crushing and magnetic separation, wherein the discharged pellets containing iron-tin alloy granular iron pass through a crushing and magnetic separation system 6 to select iron-tin alloy granular iron 7;
5) and (4) recovering waste materials, and carrying out magnetic separation to generate tailings 8 as a building material.
The rotary hearth furnace 5 comprises a feeding area 50, a lead-zinc volatilization area 51, a high-temperature granular iron forming area 52 and a discharging area 53, wherein the feeding area 50, the lead-zinc volatilization area 51, the high-temperature granular iron forming area 52 and the discharging area 53 form a disc shape in the rotary hearth furnace 5, the sector included angle of the feeding area 50 is 20 degrees, the sector included angle of the lead-zinc volatilization area 51 is 130 degrees, the sector included angle of the high-temperature granular iron forming area 52 is 190 degrees, and the sector included angle of the discharging area 53 is 20 degrees respectively.
The reducing volatile agent is semi-coke.
The adhesive is bentonite.
The ball press machine 3 is a double-roller rolling machine, the ball press process adopts the double-roller rolling machine to press the mixture into oval pellets with the thickness of 8-12 mm, the length of 20-30 mm and the width of 15-20 mm, and the pellets are dried to the moisture content of less than 0.5% through a grate dryer.
The pellets enter the discharging area 53 from the feeding area 50 of the rotary hearth furnace 5 and are discharged for 35 min.
Example 4
The method comprises the following steps of crushing tin-lead slag containing components TFe 23%, lead 1.3%, zinc 2.5% and tin 0.5% to 1-3mm granularity, mixing the tin-lead slag with a reducing agent and bentonite serving as a binder, wherein the weight ratio of the tin-lead slag, the reducing agent, the bentonite and water is 100: 25:2: 13.5, pressing the pellets after uniformly mixing, drying the moisture in the pellets to be less than 0.5%, distributing the pellets into a rotary hearth, operating the rotary hearth furnace for 32min for one week, setting the temperature of a zinc volatilization area to be 1210 ℃, setting the volatilization rates of lead and zinc to be 90.6%, 94.2%, the zinc grade in zinc oxide dust to be 49.2%, and the lead grade to be 16.3%; the temperature of the high-temperature granular iron area is set to be 1380 ℃, and the iron-tin alloy granular iron with the grade of 90.85 percent, the recovery rate of 86.1 percent, the grade of 1.53 percent and the recovery rate of 82.15 percent is finally obtained after the pellets are crushed and magnetically separated.
Example 5
The method comprises the following steps of crushing tin-lead slag into 1-3mm, mixing the tin-lead slag with a reducing agent and bentonite as a binder, wherein the components of the tin-lead slag include TFe 25%, lead 2.8%, zinc 4.0% and tin 0.65%, and mixing the tin-lead slag, the reducing agent, the bentonite and water according to a ratio of 100: 26.5:3.5: 15, pressing the pellets after uniformly mixing, drying the moisture in the pellets to be less than 0.5%, distributing the pellets into a rotary hearth, operating the rotary hearth furnace for 35min for one week, setting the temperature of a zinc volatilization area to be 1230 ℃, setting the volatilization rates of lead and zinc to be 91.9%, 96.7%, 51.85% of zinc grade in zinc oxide dust and 19.23% of lead grade; the temperature of the high-temperature granular iron area is set to be 1400 ℃, and the pellet is crushed and magnetically separated to finally obtain the iron-tin alloy granular iron with the grade of 92.73 percent, the recovery rate of 88 percent, the grade of tin of 1.82 percent and the recovery rate of 84.28 percent.
Example 6
The method comprises the following steps of crushing tin-lead slag containing components TFe 28%, 3.9% of lead, 5.8% of zinc and 0.8% of tin to below 1-3mm, mixing the tin-lead slag with a reducing agent and bentonite serving as a binder, wherein the components of the tin-lead slag, the reducing agent, the bentonite and water are mixed according to the ratio of 100: 28:5: 15, pressing the pellets after uniformly mixing, drying the moisture in the pellets to be less than 0.5%, distributing the pellets into a rotary hearth, operating the rotary hearth furnace for 35min for one week, setting the temperature of a zinc volatilization area to be 1230 ℃, setting the volatilization rates of lead and zinc to be 93.5%, 97.4%, 54.2% of zinc grade in zinc oxide dust and 23.8% of lead grade; the temperature of the high-temperature granular iron area is set to be 1410 ℃, and the pellet is crushed and magnetically separated to finally obtain the iron-tin alloy granular iron with the grade of 93.81 percent, the recovery rate of 87.12 percent, the grade of tin of 2.17 percent and the recovery rate of 87.15 percent.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing coarse iron-tin alloy granular iron by using tin-lead-containing slag is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) and (2) treating, namely crushing the tin-lead-containing slag to 1-3mm by using a raw material crushing system, and then mixing the crushed tin-lead slag, the reducing volatile agent, the adhesive and water by using a mixing system, wherein the ratio of the tin-lead slag, the reducing volatile agent, the adhesive and the water is 100: 25-28: 2-5: feeding the mixture obtained by the proportion of 13-15 into a ball press machine for pelletizing by a pelletizing process, and feeding the pelletized pellets into a dryer for drying;
2) reducing and volatilizing, namely distributing the dried pellets into a feeding area of a rotary hearth furnace through a distributing machine, controlling a burner of the rotary hearth furnace to keep the temperature of a lead-zinc volatilizing area at 1150-1280 ℃ when the pellets enter the lead-zinc volatilizing area of the rotary hearth furnace, and controlling the air-fuel ratio of a burner in the lead-zinc volatilizing area to ensure that the concentration of carbon monoxide is 8-15% and the concentration of oxygen is 0.5-1.5%; the rotary hearth furnace comprises a feeding area, a lead-zinc volatilization area, a high-temperature granular iron forming area and a discharging area, wherein the feeding area, the lead-zinc volatilization area, the high-temperature granular iron forming area and the discharging area form a disc shape in the rotary hearth furnace, the fan-shaped included angle of the feeding area is 20 degrees, the fan-shaped included angle of the lead-zinc volatilization area is 130 degrees, the fan-shaped included angle of the high-temperature granular iron forming area is 190 degrees, and the fan-shaped included angle of the discharging area respectively occupies an angle of 20 degrees;
3) reducing and granulating, wherein flue gas generated by the rotary hearth furnace is recycled, the pellets enter a high-temperature granular iron forming area of the rotary hearth furnace through a lead-zinc volatilization area, the temperature of the high-temperature granular iron forming area is 1380-1410 ℃, iron grains in the pellets grow into iron-tin alloy granular iron under the condition that the pellets are heated in the high-temperature granular iron forming area, and then the pellets are discharged through a discharge area of the rotary hearth furnace;
4) crushing and magnetic separation, wherein the discharged pellets containing iron-tin alloy granular iron pass through a crushing and magnetic separation system to select iron-tin alloy granular iron;
5) and (4) recovering waste materials, and carrying out magnetic separation to generate tailings to be used as a building material.
2. The method for preparing coarse iron-tin alloy granular iron by using tin-lead containing slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the reducing volatile agent is semi-coke.
3. The method for preparing coarse iron-tin alloy granular iron by using tin-lead containing slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the adhesive is bentonite.
4. The method for preparing coarse iron-tin alloy granular iron by using tin-lead containing slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the ball press is a double-roller rolling machine, the ball press process adopts the double-roller rolling machine to press the mixture into oval pellets with the thickness of 8-12 mm, the length of 20-30 mm and the width of 15-20 mm, and the pellets are dried to the moisture content of less than 0.5 percent through a grate dryer.
5. The method for preparing coarse iron-tin alloy granular iron by using tin-lead containing slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the pellets enter the feeding area of the rotary hearth furnace and are discharged from the discharging area for 30-40 min.
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| JP2000109939A (en) * | 1998-10-05 | 2000-04-18 | Nippon Mining & Metals Co Ltd | Separation of lead, tin and bismuth from lead slag |
| CN106148717A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-11-23 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | The processing method of direct-reduction lead skim and processing system |
| CN107937727A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-04-20 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Handle the method and system of lead skim |
| CN108085504A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-29 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Handle the method and system of stanniferous lead skim |
| CN110872649A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-10 | 华中科技大学 | Method for recovering tin from tin-containing lead slag |
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| JP2000109939A (en) * | 1998-10-05 | 2000-04-18 | Nippon Mining & Metals Co Ltd | Separation of lead, tin and bismuth from lead slag |
| CN106148717A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-11-23 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | The processing method of direct-reduction lead skim and processing system |
| CN107937727A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-04-20 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Handle the method and system of lead skim |
| CN108085504A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-29 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Handle the method and system of stanniferous lead skim |
| CN110872649A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-10 | 华中科技大学 | Method for recovering tin from tin-containing lead slag |
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