CN111793579A - Nitrogen source suitable for efficient propagation of lactobacillus plantarum and application thereof - Google Patents
Nitrogen source suitable for efficient propagation of lactobacillus plantarum and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nitrogen source suitable for efficient propagation of lactobacillus plantarum and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of microorganisms. The invention provides a nitrogen source suitable for growth and propagation of lactobacillus plantarum, and the strain is added into a culture system taking the nitrogen source as the only nitrogen source, so that the growth rate of the lactobacillus plantarum can be obviously improved, and the viable count of the lactobacillus plantarum in fermentation liquor is high; wherein the viable count of the Lactobacillus plantarum using specific nitrogen source per unit mass is not less than 3.0 × 108CFU/g is improved by more than 70% compared with a contrast, and the method is suitable for large-scale industrial culture of the lactobacillus plantarum, so that the industrial benefit is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a nitrogen source suitable for efficient propagation of lactobacillus plantarum and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of microorganisms.
Background
With the well-approved gut-cardiac axis, lactobacillus plantarum has proven to be a valuable species for probiotic development. As one of the probiotics, it is able to tolerate the defense mechanisms of the organism, such as enzymes in the oral cavity, low pH in gastric juice, bile acids of the small intestine, and the like. In addition, lactobacillus plantarum has the functions of reducing blood pressure, reducing cholesterol, promoting cell division, enhancing human immunity, relieving lactose intolerance, relieving allergy, preventing cancer and the like. Due to the obvious probiotic effect, the market demand on lactobacillus plantarum leavening agent is increased, and efficient appreciation is the key for preparing the leavening agent, so the lactobacillus plantarum high-density culture gradually becomes the key point of research, development and production of people.
The nitrogen source is a key factor for restricting the high-density culture of the lactic acid bacteria. Microbial cell growth metabolism and product synthesis require a nitrogen source. Nitrogen sources are mainly used for the synthesis of bacterial cell substances (amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids, etc.) and nitrogen-containing metabolites. The nitrogen sources used in the medium can be divided into two main categories: organic nitrogen source and inorganic nitrogen source, common inorganic nitrogen source includes various ammonium salts, nitrate, ammonia water, etc., common organic nitrogen source is yeast powder, fish meal, beef extract, peptone, bran, peanut cake powder, waste mycelium, etc. The plant milk straw has different utilization effects on different nitrogen sources, has good utilization effect on microorganism nitrogen sources and has poor utilization degree on other kinds of proteins; especially, the degree of using the strain is very low due to the macromolecular protein, so that the number of live bacteria in the product is low, the product is easy to die, and the stability of the number of the live bacteria is not high. The nitrogen source of the culture medium is not completely utilized, and some substances in the nitrogen source still remain in the culture medium and are not utilized, so that the high-density growth of the lactic acid bacteria in the fermented milk is limited.
In order to obtain efficient proliferation of lactobacillus plantarum and obtain high-concentration lactobacillus plantarum cells, it is important to find a nitrogen source suitable for growth and propagation of lactobacillus plantarum. Therefore, it is necessary to find a nitrogen source preparation method suitable for efficient propagation of lactobacillus plantarum so as to improve the utilization rate of the nitrogen source in the growth process of lactobacillus plantarum, reduce the production economy of enterprises and improve the yield of the viable count of lactobacillus plantarum.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention improves the nitrogen source of the culture medium, so that the culture medium can be more suitable for the growth of the lactobacillus plantarum.
The invention provides an application of small molecular peptide in improving the growth rate of lactobacillus plantarum, wherein the molecular weight of the small molecular peptide is 180-1000 Da.
In one embodiment of the invention, the components of the culture system further comprise glucose, phosphate and metal ions.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the metal ion is preferably a manganese ion.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the manganese ion is added to the culture system in the form of manganese sulfate, which is MnSO4·H2O, the concentration is 0.01-0.25 g/L.
In one embodiment of the invention, the phosphate of the medium is Na2HPO4And K2HPO4The concentration is 2-10 g/L.
In one embodiment of the present invention, Lactobacillus plantarum is cultured at 30 to 37 ℃ and pH 5.0 to 6.5.
The invention provides a method for preparing small molecular peptides, wherein the molecular weight of the small molecular peptides is 180-1000 Da.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method is to hydrolyze the plant protein under the action of hydrolase to form polypeptide hydrolysate, after enzyme deactivation, ultrafiltration is carried out, filtrate with various molecular weights is collected, and the filtrate is freeze-dried to prepare the small molecular peptide freeze-dried powder.
In one embodiment of the invention, the raw material for preparation in the preparation method is vegetable protein, and the mass concentration of the protein is 40-60 g/L.
In one embodiment of the invention, the vegetable protein is from the group consisting of soybean, peanut, almond, quinoa, potato, lentil, chia seed.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrolase is a neutral protease and/or an alkaline protease in the preparation method.
In one embodiment of the invention, the enzyme activity of the protease in the hydrolysis reaction system is 2000-4000U/mL.
In one embodiment of the invention, the hydrolysis condition in the preparation method is 30-60 ℃, the time is 0.5-8 h, and the pH is 6.0-8.0.
In one embodiment of the invention, enzyme deactivation treatment is also performed after the enzymatic hydrolysis; the enzyme deactivation condition is 80-95 ℃ and the time is 10-30 min.
In one embodiment of the invention, the ultrafiltration in the preparation method is a fractional ultrafiltration with a separation of 10000, 1000, 500, 180 Da.
In one embodiment of the invention, the freeze drying condition in the preparation method is that the temperature is-30 to-50 ℃, the time is 6 to 20 hours, and the vacuum degree is 50 to 200 μ bar.
In one embodiment of the invention, the ultrafiltration conditions in the preparation method are 0.02-18 MPa of pressure, 20-45 ℃ of temperature and 4.0-9.0 of pH value.
The invention provides a method for improving the growth rate of lactobacillus plantarum, which is to culture lactobacillus plantarum in a system taking small-molecular peptides with the molecular weight of 180-1000 Da as nitrogen sources.
In one embodiment of the present invention, Lactobacillus plantarum is cultured at 30 to 37 ℃ and pH 5.0 to 6.5.
In one embodiment of the invention, the components of the culture system further comprise glucose, metal ions, phosphate.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the metal ion is preferably a manganese ion.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the manganese ion is added to the culture system in the form of manganese sulfate, which is MnSO4·H2O, the concentration is 0.01-0.25 g/L.
In one embodiment of the invention, the phosphate of the medium is Na2HPO4And K2HPO4The concentration is 2-10 g/L.
In one embodiment of the present invention, Lactobacillus plantarum is cultured at 30 to 37 ℃ and pH 5.0 to 6.5.
The invention also provides a method for improving the unit proliferation rate of lactobacillus plantarum, wherein a nitrogen source in the culture system is small molecular peptide with the molecular weight of 180-1000 Da.
In one embodiment of the invention, the components of the culture system further comprise glucose, manganese ions, and phosphate.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the manganese ion is added to the culture system in the form of manganese sulfate, which is MnSO4·H2O, the concentration is 0.01-0.25 g/L.
In one embodiment of the invention, the phosphate of the medium is Na2HPO4And K2HPO4The concentration is 2-10 g/L.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the culture conditions are 30-37 ℃, 10-16 h and pH 5.0-6.5.
The invention also provides a culture medium, which takes molecular peptides with the molecular weight not more than 1000Da as nitrogen sources.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the medium further comprises glucose, phosphate and metal ions.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the metal ion is preferably a manganese ion, and the manganese ion is added to the culture system in the form of manganese sulfate, which is MnSO4·H2O, the concentration is 0.01-0.25 g/L.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the culture medium further comprises 5-10 g/L glucose and 8-12 g/LK2HPO2，8～12g/LNa2HPO2。
The invention also discloses the application of the method for preparing the small molecular peptide, or the method for improving the growth rate of the lactobacillus plantarum, or the method for improving the unit proliferation rate of the lactobacillus plantarum in the culture of the lactobacillus plantarum.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a plant cultivation methodThe nitrogen source for growth and propagation of the lactobacillus plantarum is a molecular peptide with the molecular weight of 180-1000 Da, and can remarkably improve the utilization rate and the growth rate of the lactobacillus plantarum on the nitrogen source. The strain is added into a culture system using the nitrogen source as a unique nitrogen source, so that the lactobacillus plantarum can be cultured at high density, and the viable count of the lactobacillus plantarum is not less than 3.0 multiplied by 10 per unit mass of the nitrogen source8CFU/g, the nitrogen source proliferation effect per unit mass is improved by more than 70%.
Detailed Description
The microbial nitrogen source referred to in the examples was purchased from Angel Yeast GmbH; the remaining reagents involved in the examples were purchased from the national pharmaceutical group; vegetable proteins (Soy protein CAS91079-46-8) were purchased from the national institutes.
Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8661 is deposited in China center for type culture Collection with the preservation number of CCTCC NO: M206033 and described in the patent with the application number of CN 201811075082.0.
The lactobacillus plantarum CCFM233 and the lactobacillus plantarum CCFM675 are preserved in the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms, and the preservation number of the lactobacillus plantarum CCFM233 is CGMCC No.5495 which is described in the patent with the application number of CN 201811075082.0; lactobacillus plantarum CCFM675 is disclosed in Lactic Acid Bacteria MayImpact interest Barrier Function by Modulating Goblet Cells (published 2018).
Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM242 is deposited in the guangdong strain collection center, and lactobacillus plantarum CCFM242 is disclosed in zuo ji spring, lactobacillus plantarum antioxidant assessment and antioxidant mechanism research, south of the Yangtze university, 2018.
The detection of the viable count refers to the national standard GB 4789.35-2016 food safety national standard food microbiology lactobacillus detection.
The peptide spectrum and the peptide content determination method adopt high performance liquid chromatography; the degree of proteolysis was determined by the OPA method.
Example 1: utilization effect of lactobacillus plantarum on protein peptides with different molecular weights
Preparing different nitrogen source culture media: nitrogen source 1g/L (yeast extract, yeast extract powder FM803, tryptone, soybean peptone, fish bone peptone respectively), glucose 6g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.25g/L, manganese sulfate 0.01g/L, Tween 801 g/L, phosphate 10 g/L.
Inoculating lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8661, lactobacillus plantarum CCFM233 and lactobacillus plantarum CCFM24 stored in a refrigerator into an MRS culture medium to activate at 37 ℃; inoculating the activated bacterial liquid into a new MRS culture medium, and performing static culture at the constant temperature of 37 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain a seed liquid; concentrating the bacteria to 109The seed solution of CFU/mL is inoculated into different nitrogen source culture media with the inoculum size of 2mL/100mL and cultured for 12 h.
And (3) measuring the peptide composition distribution of the strain before and after fermentation in different nitrogen source culture media by adopting high performance liquid chromatography, and analyzing the peptide segments utilized by the strain according to the reduced amount of the peptide composition distribution.
As shown in tables 1 to 3, it was found that the L.plantarum utilized mainly peptides having a molecular weight of 1000Da or less and utilized the highest amount of peptides having a small molecular weight of 500Da or less.
TABLE 1 peptide profile analysis of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8661 before and after fermentation
TABLE 2 Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM233 peptide profiling
TABLE 3 Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM242 peptide profiling analysis
Example 2: culture of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8661 in specific nitrogen source
Based on example 1, a specific nitrogen source A suitable for growth and propagation of lactobacillus plantarum is prepared by the following method: preparing a protein solution with the mass concentration of 60g/L from the plant protein, and regulating the pH value to be 7.0; adding neutral protease and alkaline protease (enzyme activity ratio is 1:1) to make activity of neutral protease and alkaline protease in protein solution 4000U/mL, hydrolyzing at 55 deg.C and pH 6.0 for 2 hr, and inactivating enzyme in water bath at 80 deg.C for 10 min; passing the hydrolyzed hydrolysate through an ultrafiltration system, performing fractional filtration on the hydrolysate by using an ultrafiltration membrane with the molecular weight cutoff of 10000, 1000, 500 and 180Da, operating the operation pressure at 0.1Mpa and the operation temperature at 40 ℃ for 60min to obtain 4 polypeptide mixed liquid components with different molecular weights, namely F1 (1000-10000 Da), F2 (500-1000 Da), F3 (180-500 Da) and F4(>180Da), collecting and ultrafiltering to obtain ultrafiltrate containing 180-500 Da small molecular peptides, and freeze-drying the filtrate under the condition of-50 ℃ for 4 h; primary drying at-30 deg.C under 200 μ bar for 30 hr; drying twice at 25 deg.C and 0 μ bar for 20h to obtain powder containing specific nitrogen source A.
The nitrogen sources in the rest of the culture media are respectively: 1g/L yeast extract, 1g/L tryptone, 1g/L soybean peptone, 1g/L fish bone peptone, 1g/L hydrolyzed plant protein and 1g/L beef extract powder.
The rest components in the culture medium are as follows: glucose 6.0g/L, K2HPO410.0g/L，Na2HPO410.0g/L，MgSO4·7H2O0.25 g/L，MnSO4·H2O 0.05g/L。
Concentrating the bacteria to 109The seed solution of CFU/mL is inoculated into different nitrogen source culture media with the inoculum size of 2mL/100mL and cultured for 12 h. The results are shown in Table 4, the viable count of the lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8661 can reach 3.32 multiplied by 10 after 12 hours of culture in a culture medium containing 180-500 Da small molecular peptides as nitrogen sources8CFU/mL, and the number of viable bacteria is only 1.88 × 10 at most under the same culture conditions when the growth is carried out in a culture medium using other nitrogen sources8CFU/mL. Therefore, the nitrogen source A can obviously promote the growth rate of the lactobacillus plantarum compared with other nitrogen sources.
TABLE 4 viable cell count of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8661 using nitrogen source per unit mass (10)8CFU/mL)
Example 3: culture of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM233 in specific nitrogen source
See example 2 for a difference in that lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8661 was replaced with lactobacillus plantarum CCFM233 and cultured for 12 h. As shown in Table 5, the viable count of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM233 in a culture medium containing 180-500 Da small-molecule peptides as nitrogen source was 3.02X 10 after 12h of culture8CFU/mL, and the number of viable bacteria is only 1.07 x 10 at most under the same culture conditions when the growth is carried out in a culture medium using other nitrogen sources8CFU/mL. Therefore, the nitrogen source A can obviously promote the growth rate of the lactobacillus plantarum compared with other nitrogen sources.
TABLE 5 viable cell count of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM233 using nitrogen source per unit mass (10)8CFU/mL)
Example 4: culture of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM242 in specific nitrogen source
See example 2 for a difference in that lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8661 was replaced with lactobacillus plantarum CCFM242 and cultured for 12 h. As shown in Table 6, the viable count of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM242 in a culture medium containing 180-500 Da small-molecule peptides as nitrogen source can reach 3.24 × 10 after 12h of culture8CFU/mL, and the number of viable bacteria is only 1.20 × 10 at most under the same culture conditions when the growth is carried out in a culture medium using other nitrogen sources8CFU/mL. Therefore, the nitrogen source A can obviously promote the growth rate of the lactobacillus plantarum compared with other nitrogen sources.
TABLE 6 viable cell count of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM242 using nitrogen source per unit mass (10)8CFU/mL)
Example 5: cultivation of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM675 in specific nitrogen sources
See example 2 for a specific embodiment, except thatThe lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8661 is replaced by lactobacillus plantarum CCFM675 for culture for 12 h. As shown in Table 7, the viable count of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM675 in a culture medium containing 180-500 Da small-molecule peptides as nitrogen source can reach 4.34 × 10 after 12h of culture8CFU/mL, and the number of viable bacteria is only 1.34 × 10 at most under the same culture conditions when the growth is carried out in a culture medium using other nitrogen sources8CFU/mL. Therefore, the nitrogen source A can obviously promote the growth rate of the lactobacillus plantarum compared with other nitrogen sources.
TABLE 7 viable cell count of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM675 utilizing nitrogen source per unit mass (10)8CFU/mL)
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The application of the small molecular peptide in improving the growth rate of lactobacillus plantarum is characterized in that the molecular weight of the small molecular peptide is 180-1000 Da.
2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the small molecule peptide is used as a nitrogen source in a Lactobacillus plantarum culture system.
3. The use according to claim 2, wherein the culture system further comprises glucose, phosphate and metal ions.
4. A method for improving the growth rate of lactobacillus plantarum is characterized in that lactobacillus plantarum is cultured in a system taking small molecular peptides with the molecular weight of 180-1000 Da as nitrogen sources.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the Lactobacillus plantarum is cultured at 30 to 37 ℃ and at a pH of 5.0 to 6.5.
6. A method for improving the unit proliferation rate of lactobacillus plantarum is characterized in that a nitrogen source in a culture system is small molecular peptides with the molecular weight of 180-1000 Da.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the culture system further comprises glucose, phosphate and metal ions.
8. A culture medium characterized by using a molecular peptide having a molecular weight of 180-1000 Da as a nitrogen source.
9. The culture medium according to claim 8, further comprising glucose, phosphate and metal ions.
10. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, or the use of the medium according to claim 8 or 9 for the cultivation of lactobacillus plantarum.
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