CN111793477B - Water-based drilling fluid - Google Patents
Water-based drilling fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN111793477B CN111793477B CN202010528243.8A CN202010528243A CN111793477B CN 111793477 B CN111793477 B CN 111793477B CN 202010528243 A CN202010528243 A CN 202010528243A CN 111793477 B CN111793477 B CN 111793477B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/04—Aqueous well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/06—Clay-free compositions
- C09K8/12—Clay-free compositions containing synthetic organic macromolecular compounds or their precursors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/12—Swell inhibition, i.e. using additives to drilling or well treatment fluids for inhibiting clay or shale swelling or disintegrating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/34—Lubricant additives
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-based drilling fluid, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of seawater; 10-30 parts of multifunctional base liquid; 0-100 parts of barite; wherein the sum of the parts by mass of the seawater and the multifunctional base liquid is 100 parts. The water-based drilling fluid has the functions of lubrication, plugging and inhibition, meets the environmental protection requirement of ocean on the drilling fluid, and solves the problems of insufficient lubricity and poor well wall stabilizing effect of the conventional water-based drilling fluid system in the application process of the extended reach well.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil field chemistry of petroleum drilling engineering, in particular to a water-based drilling fluid.
Background
The ocean contains a large amount of unexplored oil, and with the continuous increase of energy requirements, the development of the extended reach well is the best choice for more effectively exploiting oil and gas resources, and the extended reach well is the best choice for developing a single oil field to the maximum extent, so that the proportion of new drilling wells is reduced, and the investment is reduced.
With the continuous progress of the technology, the horizontal displacement is longer and longer, and the lubricating property of the drilling fluid system for the extended reach well is required to be higher and higher. The oil-based drilling fluid has excellent lubricating property in the application process of a large displacement well, can effectively reduce friction resistance torque in the drilling process, can effectively ensure the stability of a well wall and has better rheological control capability. However, facing increasingly severe environmental protection issues, the use of oil-based drilling fluids is increasingly limited. Although the common water-based drilling fluid can solve the problem of environmental pollution of the oil-based drilling fluid, the problems of large friction torque and poor well wall stabilizing effect of the water-based drilling fluid are particularly prominent when the common water-based drilling fluid is applied to a large displacement well, and the application of the common water-based drilling fluid in the large displacement well is restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water-based drilling fluid with lubricating, plugging and inhibiting functions.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the water-based drilling fluid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
70-90 parts of seawater;
10-30 parts of multifunctional base liquid; and
0-100 parts of barite;
wherein the sum of the parts by mass of the seawater and the multifunctional base liquid is 100 parts.
Preferably, the multifunctional base fluid comprises a modified surfactant;
the modified surfactant comprises 30-40 parts by mass of castor oil sodium phosphate, 50-80 parts by mass of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, 10-20 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol monooleate and 10-40 parts by mass of water.
Preferably, the barite has a particle size of 200-1000 mesh.
Preferably, the water-based drilling fluid further comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
preferably, the alkalinity regulator comprises one or more of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate;
the coating agent is polyacrylamide;
the anti-collapse plugging agent comprises potassium humate and natural resin.
Preferably, the anti-collapse plugging agent comprises 30-50 parts by mass of potassium humate and 20-40 parts by mass of natural resin.
Preferably, the fluid loss additive comprises a native starch; the native starch comprises one or more of potato starch, tapioca starch, canna starch and water caltrop starch.
Preferably, the natural starch comprises 10-20 parts by mass of potato starch, 20-30 parts by mass of tapioca starch, 10-25 parts by mass of canna edulis ker starch and 0-25 parts by mass of water caltrop starch.
Preferably, the rheology modifier comprises one or more of xanthan gum, tamarind gum, konjac gum, fenugreek gum, guar gum and locust bean gum.
Preferably, the rheology modifier comprises 50-65 parts by mass of xanthan gum, 10-20 parts by mass of tamarind gum, 0-10 parts by mass of guar gum and 10-20 parts by mass of locust bean gum.
The water-based drilling fluid has the functions of lubrication, plugging and inhibition, meets the environmental protection requirement of the drilling fluid of the ocean, and solves the problems of insufficient lubricity and poor well wall stabilizing effect of the conventional water-based drilling fluid system in the application process of the extended reach well.
Detailed Description
The water-based drilling fluid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of seawater, 10-30 parts of multifunctional base liquid and 0-100 parts of barite.
Wherein the sum of the parts by weight of the seawater and the multifunctional base fluid is 100 parts.
The multifunctional base fluid simultaneously plays a role in improving the lubricating, inhibiting and blocking performances of the drilling fluid, and comprises a modified surfactant. Alternatively, the modified surfactant may include 30-40 parts by mass of castor oil sodium phosphate, 50-80 parts by mass of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, 10-20 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol monooleate, and 10-40 parts by mass of water.
The maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer is synthesized by adopting maleic acid and acrylic acid as synthetic monomers and adopting an aqueous solution polymerization method. Preferably, the maleic-acrylic acid copolymer is prepared as follows: taking 25 parts by weight of maleic anhydride and 180 parts by weight of deionized water, stirring and heating to 80-90 ℃, dropwise adding 20mL of 100g/L ammonium sulfate solution, adding 50 parts by weight of acrylic acid monomer, reacting for 4 hours at constant temperature, and after the reaction is finished, adjusting the pH value to 6-7 by using sodium hydroxide solution to obtain the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer.
The barite is used for adjusting the density of the drilling fluid, can be obtained on the market, and has the particle size of 200-1000 meshes preferably so as to meet the requirement standard of the drilling fluid material specification GB/T5005-2010.
Furthermore, the water-based drilling fluid of the invention also comprises 0.1-1.0 part of alkalinity regulator, 0.1-1.0 part of coating agent, 1.0-3.0 parts of fluid loss additive, 0.1-0.5 part of rheological regulator and 1.0-3.0 parts of anti-collapse plugging agent.
Wherein, the alkalinity regulator is used for regulating the pH of the drilling fluid and comprises one or more of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate.
The coating agent physically coats the cuttings against dispersion and may be a polyacrylamide. Preferably, the coating agent adopts polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of 300-500 ten thousand, the molecules of which can be quickly adhered to the surfaces of the drill cuttings and the clay, and the purposes of maintaining the stability of the well wall, removing useless solid phases and maintaining low solid phase are achieved by effectively inhibiting the hydration and dispersion of the drill cuttings and the well wall. The coating flocculation effect cannot be achieved due to too low molecular weight, the coating flocculation effect is easy to curl due to too high molecular weight, the viscosity of the slurry is increased, and excessive flocculation precipitation is easy to achieve.
Fluid loss additives, which function to reduce fluid loss from the drilling fluid, may include natural starches. The native starch may comprise one or more of potato starch, tapioca starch, canna starch and water caltrop starch. Preferably, the natural starch comprises 10-20 parts by mass of potato starch, 20-30 parts by mass of tapioca starch, 10-25 parts by mass of canna edulis ker starch and 0-25 parts by mass of water caltrop starch.
The rheological control agent is used for maintaining the colloid stability of the drilling fluid and improving the rheological property of the drilling fluid, and can comprise one or more of xanthan gum, tamarind gum, konjac gum, fenugreek gum, guar gum and locust bean gum. Preferably, the rheology modifier comprises 50-65 parts by mass of xanthan gum, 10-20 parts by mass of tamarind gum, 0-10 parts by mass of guar gum and 10-20 parts by mass of locust bean gum.
The plugging and anti-collapse agent is used for plugging microcracks to prevent sensitive stratum from collapsing and plays a role in improving the stability of the well wall. The plugging anti-collapse agent comprises potassium humate and natural resin. Preferably, the anti-collapse plugging agent comprises 30-50 parts by mass of potassium humate and 20-40 parts by mass of natural resin.
In the water-based drilling fluid, the multifunctional base fluid endows the drilling fluid with lubricating property. In the total amount of the seawater and the multifunctional base fluid, when the addition amount of the multifunctional base fluid is 30%, the lubrication coefficient of the water-based drilling fluid can be as low as 0.064, which is close to 0.056 of the oil-based drilling fluid, and meanwhile, the water-based drilling fluid has the abrasion resistance equivalent to that of the oil-based drilling fluid. The addition of the multifunctional base fluid also has certain improvement effect on the plugging and inhibiting performance of the water-based drilling fluid. The water-based drilling fluid disclosed by the invention still has good rheological and lubricating properties even after being polluted by external pollutants. The applicable temperature range of the water-based drilling fluid is 20-140 ℃.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
Fully stirring 90 parts by mass of seawater and 10 parts by mass of multifunctional base liquid. The multifunctional base solution comprises castor oil sodium phosphate, maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, polyethylene glycol monooleate and water, wherein the mass ratio of the castor oil sodium phosphate to the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer to the polyethylene glycol monooleate to the water is 30.
Example 2
80 parts by mass of seawater and 20 parts by mass of the multifunctional base solution are fully stirred. The mass ratio of the castor oil sodium phosphate, the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, the polyethylene glycol monooleate and the water in the multifunctional base solution is 40.
Example 3
70 parts by mass of seawater and 30 parts by mass of the multifunctional base solution are fully stirred. The mass ratio of the castor oil sodium phosphate, the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, the polyethylene glycol monooleate and the water in the multifunctional base solution is (30).
Example 4
70 parts by mass of seawater, 30 parts by mass of multifunctional base fluid, 0.1 part by mass of sodium hydroxide, 0.4 part by mass of coating agent, 2.0 parts by mass of filtrate reducer, 0.1 part by mass of rheological regulator, 2.0 parts by mass of anti-collapse plugging agent and 80 parts by mass of barite are mixed and fully stirred to obtain the water-based drilling fluid.
The mass ratio of the castor oil sodium phosphate, the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, the polyethylene glycol monooleate and the water in the multifunctional base solution is 30. The mass ratio of potato starch, cassava starch, canna edulis ker starch and water caltrop starch in the fluid loss additive is 15. The rheological control agent comprises xanthan gum, tamarind gum, guar gum and locust bean gum in a mass ratio of 60. The mass ratio of potassium humate to natural resin in the anti-collapse plugging agent is 30.
Example 5
70 parts by mass of seawater, 30 parts by mass of multifunctional base fluid, 0.15 part by mass of sodium hydroxide, 0.35 part by mass of coating agent, 1.5 parts by mass of filtrate reducer, 0.15 part by mass of rheological regulator, 1.5 parts by mass of anti-collapse plugging agent and 80 parts by mass of barite are mixed and fully stirred to obtain the water-based drilling fluid.
The mass ratio of the castor oil sodium phosphate, the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, the polyethylene glycol monooleate and the water in the multifunctional base solution is 30. The mass ratio of potato starch, cassava starch, canna edulis ker starch and water caltrop starch in the filtrate reducer is 10. The rheological control agent comprises 50 mass ratios of xanthan gum, tamarind gum, guar gum and locust bean gum. The mass ratio of potassium humate to natural resin in the anti-collapse plugging agent is 30.
Example 6
70 parts by mass of seawater, 30 parts by mass of multifunctional base fluid, 0.1 part by mass of sodium hydroxide, 0.25 part by mass of coating agent, 2.5 parts by mass of filtrate reducer, 0.15 part by mass of rheological regulator, 1.0 part by mass of anti-collapse plugging agent and 80 parts by mass of barite are mixed and fully stirred to obtain the water-based drilling fluid.
The mass ratio of the castor oil sodium phosphate, the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, the polyethylene glycol monooleate and the water in the multifunctional base solution is 40. The mass ratio of potato starch, cassava starch, canna edulis ker starch and water caltrop starch in the filtrate reducer is 10. The rheological control agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 55. The mass ratio of potassium humate to natural resin in the anti-collapse plugging agent is 30.
Example 7
70 parts by mass of seawater, 30 parts by mass of multifunctional base fluid, 0.15 part by mass of sodium hydroxide, 0.3 part by mass of coating agent, 1.0 part by mass of filtrate reducer, 0.15 part by mass of rheological modifier, 3.0 parts by mass of anti-collapse plugging agent and 80 parts by mass of barite are mixed and fully stirred to obtain the water-based drilling fluid.
The mass ratio of the castor oil sodium phosphate, the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, the polyethylene glycol monooleate and the water in the multifunctional base liquid is 40. The mass ratio of potato starch, cassava starch, canna edulis ker starch and water caltrop starch in the filtrate reducer is 10. The rheological control agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass of xanthan gum, tamarind gum, guar gum and locust bean gum, which is 60. The mass ratio of potassium humate to natural resin in the anti-collapse plugging agent is 30.
Comparative example 1
100 parts by mass of seawater.
Comparative example 2
100 parts by mass of white oil.
Comparative example 3
100 parts by mass of seawater and 3 parts by mass of polyamine inhibitor are fully and uniformly stirred.
Comparative example 4
Fully mixing 80 parts by mass of white oil, 20 parts by mass of saturated calcium chloride water, 2.0 parts by mass of a main emulsifier, 1.0 part by mass of an auxiliary emulsifier, 0.8 part by mass of a shear improver, 1.5 parts by mass of an alkalinity regulator, 2.0 parts by mass of organic soil, 3.0 parts by mass of a filtrate reducer, 3.0 parts by mass of a plugging agent and 100 parts by mass of barite to obtain the oil-based drilling fluid.
Comparative example 5
Fully mixing 100 parts by mass of seawater, 3.0 parts by mass of bentonite, 0.2 part by mass of sodium carbonate, 0.4 part by mass of polyanionic cellulose, 0.5 part by mass of polyacrylamide, 5 parts by mass of potassium chloride, 1.5 parts by mass of hydroxypropyl starch, 1.0 part by mass of sulfonated asphalt, 1.5 parts by mass of sulfonated phenolic resin and 30 parts by mass of barite to obtain the polymer potassium chloride drilling fluid.
The drilling fluid properties of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were tested and the results are shown in tables 1-3.
TABLE 1 lubricating and antiwear Properties of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2
| Drilling fluid | Coefficient of lubricity | Anti-wear block |
| Example 1 | 0.130 | 7 |
| Example 2 | 0.052 | 9 |
| Example 3 | 0.048 | 10 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.34 | 3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.038 | 4 |
The test results in table 1 show that in examples 1-3, as the addition amount of the multifunctional base fluid is increased, the lubricating coefficient of the system is reduced from 0.130 to 0.048, which is close to white oil and is obviously superior to seawater; it can be seen from the abrasion resistance data that the difference between the abrasion resistance of the seawater and the abrasion resistance of the white oil is small, and the multifunctional base fluid has better abrasion resistance, which indicates that the multifunctional base fluid can reduce the abrasion of the casing.
TABLE 2 inhibition Performance of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1, 3
In table 2, the bentonite is the bentonite powder added to the drilling fluid in the amount corresponding to the mass part and sufficiently stirred.
As is clear from the data in Table 2, in examples 1 to 3, when the amount of the multifunctional base liquid added was 10 to 30 parts by mass, the anti-swelling ratios were all 90% or more and were all higher than the anti-swelling ratio of 84.6% of the polyamine inhibitor in comparative example 3, and the viscosity of the multifunctional base liquid was substantially unchanged under the contamination of 25 parts by mass of the bentonite powder, indicating that the multifunctional base liquid had both good performance in inhibiting the slurrying of bentonite and good anti-swelling ratio.
TABLE 3 plugging Properties of examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1
In table 3, the base slurry means that 2% bentonite based slurry and 0.4 part xanthan gum by mass are added to the corresponding drilling fluid and sufficiently stirred. The low-pressure low-temperature water loss refers to the water loss volume of 0.7MPa, 25 ℃ and 30 min.
As can be seen from the data in table 3, the water loss at low temperature and low pressure in examples 1 to 3 gradually decreased with increasing amount of the multifunctional base fluid compared to the water loss at low temperature and low pressure in seawater in comparative example 1, indicating that the multifunctional base fluid has a better plugging and fluid loss reducing effect.
The test results show that the multifunctional base fluid has the lubricating property close to that of white oil, the abrasion resistance is superior to that of the white oil, and meanwhile, the multifunctional base fluid has the plugging and inhibiting properties.
Further testing was performed on water-based drilling fluids formulated with multifunctional base fluids, with the following results:
TABLE 4 drilling fluid properties for examples 4-7 and comparative examples 4-5
In table 4, Φ 3 refers to the six-speed rotational viscometer 3-revolution reading, dimensionless; the high-pressure high-temperature water loss refers to the water loss volume of 30min at 3.5MPa corresponding to the aging temperature.
As can be seen from the data in Table 4, the water-based drilling fluids of examples 4-7 perform well drilling for extended reach wells.
TABLE 5 lubricating and antiwear properties of drilling fluids of examples 4-7 and comparative examples 4-5
| Drilling fluid | Coefficient of lubricity | Anti-wear block |
| Example 4 | 0.064 | 10 |
| Example 5 | 0.062 | 10 |
| Example 6 | 0.059 | 10 |
| Example 7 | 0.060 | 10 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.056 | 10 |
| Comparative example 5 | 0.123 | 8 |
From the test results in table 5, it can be seen that in examples 4-7, when the multifunctional base fluid is added in an amount of 30 parts by mass, the water-based drilling fluid has a lubrication coefficient of 0.059-0.064 without adding additional lubricant, and the antiwear performance reaches 10 upper limits, which is close to that of the oil-based drilling fluid of comparative example 4 and is significantly better than that of the conventional polymer potassium chloride water-based drilling fluid system of comparative example 5.
TABLE 6 evaluation of drilling fluid inhibition Performance of examples 4-7 and comparative examples 4-5
| Drilling fluid | Rolling recovery (%) | Linear expansion ratio (%) |
| Example 4 | 95.34 | 3.62 |
| Example 5 | 95.28 | 3.63 |
| Example 6 | 95.36 | 3.60 |
| Example 7 | 95.23 | 3.64 |
| Comparative example 4 | 99.62 | 0.20 |
| Comparative example 5 | 93.8 | 4.52 |
As shown in the test results in Table 6, the oil-based drilling fluid of comparative example 4 has the best inhibition performance, the rolling recovery rate is as high as 99.62%, the linear expansion rate in 24 hours is only 0.20, and the water-based drilling fluid of example 4 has the second best inhibition effect on clay hydration dispersion and clay swelling.
TABLE 7 drilling fluid inhibited mud formation rates for examples 4-7 and comparative example 5
As can be seen from the test results in Table 7, the water-based drilling fluids of examples 4 to 7 have a very good contamination resistance, and other properties such as rheological properties were substantially maintained after 20% sodium bentonite contamination, as compared with comparative example 5.
In conclusion, the water-based drilling fluid disclosed by the invention can meet the lubricating property requirement of extended reach wells on the drilling fluid, has better inhibition property, and has better lubricating property, plugging property and inhibition property.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The water-based drilling fluid is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
70 parts of seawater;
30 parts of a multifunctional base liquid;
the multifunctional base liquid is a modified surfactant;
the modified surfactant comprises 30 parts by mass of castor oil sodium phosphate, 70 parts by mass of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, 20 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol monooleate and 15 parts by mass of water.
2. The water-based drilling fluid of claim 1, wherein the feedstock comprises 0-100 parts of barite; the grain diameter of the barite is 200-1000 meshes.
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| CN113444502B (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2023-08-25 | 长江大学 | Multifunctional liquid for drilling well, drilling fluid for shale gas, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113429948B (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2023-03-21 | 长江大学 | Low-friction water-based drilling fluid and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102863946A (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-09 | 长江大学 | High-temperature-resistant lubricating agent of drilling fluid |
| CN108546548A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-09-18 | 长江大学 | A kind of deep water water-base drilling fluid and its application |
| CN108690579A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-10-23 | 长江大学 | A kind of ecology drilling fluid and its application in alkaline land improving |
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| US20080009422A1 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-10 | M-I Llc | High performance water base drilling fluid |
| CN102504771B (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2013-07-10 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Water-based drilling fluid system for deepwater operation and preparation method thereof |
| CN106893565A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | One kind synthesis base deepwater drilling liquid |
| CN108531149A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-09-14 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | A kind of water base drilling liquid and its preparation method and application |
| CN109370547A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-22 | 长江大学 | A kind of wear-resistant lubricant for drilling fluid and its preparation method and application |
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| JPH02185588A (en) * | 1989-01-13 | 1990-07-19 | Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd | Additive for drilling mud |
| CN102863946A (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-09 | 长江大学 | High-temperature-resistant lubricating agent of drilling fluid |
| CN108546548A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-09-18 | 长江大学 | A kind of deep water water-base drilling fluid and its application |
| CN108690579A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-10-23 | 长江大学 | A kind of ecology drilling fluid and its application in alkaline land improving |
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