CN111792897A - Anti-impact wear-resistant concrete for hydraulic engineering and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-impact wear-resistant concrete for hydraulic engineering and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111792897A CN111792897A CN202010724795.6A CN202010724795A CN111792897A CN 111792897 A CN111792897 A CN 111792897A CN 202010724795 A CN202010724795 A CN 202010724795A CN 111792897 A CN111792897 A CN 111792897A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
- C01B32/324—Preparation characterised by the starting materials from waste materials, e.g. tyres or spent sulfite pulp liquor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/342—Preparation characterised by non-gaseous activating agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
- C04B14/42—Glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete for hydraulic engineering, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-15 parts of modified glass fiber, 15-25 parts of modified bamboo activated carbon powder, 8-20 parts of clay, 70-80 parts of ordinary portland cement, 30-40 parts of aggregate, 50-60 parts of deionized water and 5-10 parts of water reducing agent. According to the invention, under the combined action of the components, the clay is adopted to replace part of the modified glass fiber, so that the cost of the impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete prepared by the method can be greatly saved under the condition of keeping the impact-resistant and wear-resistant strength and the compressive strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to anti-impact wear-resistant concrete for hydraulic engineering and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Scouring abrasion and cavitation damage of high-speed water flow, sand-containing water flow and bed load water flow to hydraulic buildings are common damage modes of hydraulic drainage buildings such as overflow dams, flood drainage tunnels, sluice gates and the like, and are problems which need to be solved for a long time in water conservancy and hydropower construction. According to investigation, 70% of dam outlet buildings in operation in China have different degrees of erosion and abrasion damage, and some of the dam outlet buildings are even serious, so that the dam outlet buildings are damaged and the safety of other buildings is endangered.
Concrete for hydraulic structures which are constantly or periodically exposed to environmental water. According to the size of the structure, the concrete can be divided into large-volume concrete (such as dam concrete) and general concrete. Mass concrete is further divided into inner concrete and outer concrete. Hydraulic concrete is commonly used in places such as water, underwater, water level fluctuation areas and the like. The application is different, and the technical requirements are different, namely when the water-soluble polyurethane sealant is contacted with environmental water, the water-soluble polyurethane sealant is generally required to have better impermeability; in cold regions, particularly in water level change regions, the coating is required to have high frost resistance; good corrosion resistance is required when contacting aggressive water; in the case of application to large-volume structures, heat resistance and low shrinkage are required to prevent the occurrence of temperature cracks; when used in the parts washed by high-speed water flow, the paint is required to have the properties of scouring resistance, wear resistance, cavitation resistance and the like. The hydraulic concrete is the most important building material in hydraulic engineering, especially large-scale hydraulic engineering. Hundreds of large and medium-sized concrete gates and dams are built in China for nearly 30 years, wherein the consumption of concrete in the large and medium-sized concrete gates and dams is as large as more than 1000 kilometers, such as the Guzhou dam engineering in Yangtze river and the Deji dam (dam height is 180 meters) in Taiwan province. In addition, the method is also widely applied to river ports, irrigation and water conservancy projects and underground waterproofing projects.
With the continuous development of hydraulic engineering facilities, high-quality concrete with better performance is needed, however, the existing concrete has poor impact resistance and abrasion resistance, so that the whole hydraulic engineering is subjected to great pressure, and therefore, the impact resistance and abrasion resistance concrete needs to be designed to meet the requirements of the existing hydraulic engineering construction.
In the previous work of the applicant, a patent application CN108529973A was proposed for impact and abrasion resistant concrete for hydraulic engineering, comprising in its raw materials: 20-30 parts of modified glass fiber, 15-25 parts of modified bamboo activated carbon powder, 70-80 parts of ordinary portland cement, 30-40 parts of aggregate, 50-60 parts of deionized water and 5-10 parts of water reducing agent. In the patent application, although the modified glass fiber and the modified bamboo activated carbon powder are added as raw material formulas, the impact resistance and the wear resistance of the concrete are greatly improved. However, the preparation process of the modified glass fiber is complex and high in cost, and obvious cost pressure exists for large-scale hydraulic engineering. Further, there is room for further improvement in the impact and abrasion resistance of concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide anti-impact wear-resistant concrete for hydraulic engineering and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to an impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete for hydraulic engineering, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-15 parts of modified glass fiber, 15-25 parts of modified bamboo activated carbon powder, 8-20 parts of clay, 70-80 parts of ordinary portland cement, 30-40 parts of aggregate, 50-60 parts of deionized water and 5-10 parts of water reducing agent.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the amount of the modified glass fiber is 5 to 12 parts.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the clay is selected from one or a combination of more of kaolinite, petrolatum, montmorillonite, vermiculite, illite or allophane.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the clay is selected from kaolinite and/or montmorillonite, preferably montmorillonite.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the aggregate comprises the following components in weight proportion as small stones: and (3) medium stone: large stone is 3:4: 3.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the impact and abrasion resistant concrete has a 28d impact and abrasion resistance strength of 2.50 h/(kg/m) determined by a circular ring method2) Above, preferably 2.70 h/(kg/m)2) The above.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the impact and abrasion resistant concrete has a 90d impact and abrasion resistance strength of 2.80 h/(kg/m) determined by a circular ring method2) Above, preferably 2.90 h/(kg/m)2) The above.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the impact and abrasion resistant concrete has a 28d impact and abrasion strength of 10.40 h/(kg/m) determined by an underwater steel ball method2) Above, preferably 10.80 h/(kg/m)2) The above.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the impact and abrasion resistant concrete has a 90d impact and abrasion strength of 12.90 h/(kg/m) determined by an underwater steel ball method2) Above, preferably 13.20 h/(kg/m)2) The above.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the 28d compressive strength of the impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete is 63.0MPa or more, preferably 64.0MPa or more.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete 90d has a compressive strength of 65.0MPa or more, preferably 67.0MPa or more.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the 28d dry shrinkage deformation of the impact and abrasion resistant concrete is preferably 220 × 10-4Hereinafter, 200 × 10 is preferable-4The following.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the impact and abrasion resistant concrete has a 90d dry set, preferably 260 x 10-4Hereinafter, it is preferably 250 × 10-4The following.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
The invention also relates to a preparation method of the anti-impact wear-resistant concrete for the hydraulic engineering, which comprises the following steps:
(1) and preparing the modified glass fiber: preparing mercaptoethanol solution with mass concentration of 5-10% from mercaptoethanol and deionized water, preparing polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether solution with mass concentration of 15-25% from polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether and absolute ethanol, then placing glass fiber into the mercaptoethanol solution, heating to 75-85 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, heating and stirring for 40-50min at the temperature, then slowly dropwise adding poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, heating to 95-100 ℃ after dropwise adding at the speed of 10-15 drops per minute, heating and stirring for 20-30min at the temperature, cooling to 70-75 ℃, adding the polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether solution, heating and stirring for 20-30min at the temperature, then adding hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid, heating to 140-150 ℃, and heating for 30-40min at the temperature, then reducing the temperature to 90-100 ℃, and heating and stirring for 40-50min at the temperature to prepare modified glass fiber;
(2) and preparing modified bamboo activated carbon powder: mixing bamboo scraps and a phosphoric acid solution, and kneading for 10-30min, wherein the impregnation ratio of the bamboo scraps to the phosphoric acid solution is 1: 1.4-1.6; the granularity of the bamboo chips is 6-35 meshes, and the water content of the bamboo chips is 12-20%; the concentration of the phosphoric acid solution is 50-55%, the kneaded material is in direct countercurrent contact with flue gas at the temperature of 400-650 ℃ for 3.5-4.5 h to carbonize and activate the material to obtain an activated material, and the activated material is washed, dried, crushed and ground to obtain the modified bamboo activated carbon powder;
(3) and mixing: and (2) putting the ordinary portland cement, the aggregate, the clay, the water and the water reducing agent in parts by weight into a stirrer for uniform mixing, keeping a certain rotating speed, and adding the modified glass fiber and the modified bamboo activated carbon powder in sequence during the mixing process to obtain the impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete, wherein the mixing time is 2-3 h.
As a still further scheme of the invention: in the step (3), the rotation speed of the stirrer is 1000-1200 r/min.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, under the combined action of the components, the clay is adopted to replace part of the modified glass fiber, so that the cost of the impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete prepared by the method can be greatly saved under the condition of keeping the impact-resistant and wear-resistant strength and the compressive strength. Particularly, when montmorillonite is used for replacing part of modified glass fiber, the cost is reduced, and the impact grinding strength and the compressive strength of concrete can be further improved.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the reagents involved in the examples of the present invention are all commercially available products, and all of them are commercially available.
Examples
The invention discloses an impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete for hydraulic engineering, which is prepared from the following raw materials: the modified glass fiber, modified bamboo activated carbon powder, ordinary portland cement, clay, aggregate, water and a water reducing agent, wherein the aggregate comprises the following components in parts by weight: and (3) medium stone: the large stone is 3:4:3, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Preparing modified glass fiber: preparing mercaptoethanol solution with the mass concentration of 5% from mercaptoethanol and deionized water, preparing polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether solution with the mass concentration of 15% from polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether and absolute ethanol, then placing glass fibers into the mercaptoethanol solution, heating to 75 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, heating and stirring for 40min at the temperature, then slowly dropwise adding poly (dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride), heating to 95 ℃ after dropwise adding at the speed of 10 drops per minute, heating and stirring for 20min at the temperature, cooling to 70 ℃, adding the polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether solution, heating and stirring for 20min at the temperature, then adding hydroxy ethylidene diphosphonic acid, heating to 140 ℃, heating for 30min at the temperature, then cooling to 90 ℃, heating and stirring for 40min at the temperature, and preparing modified glass fibers;
preparing modified bamboo activated carbon powder: mixing bamboo scraps with a phosphoric acid solution, and kneading for 10min, wherein the impregnation ratio of the bamboo scraps to the phosphoric acid solution is 1: 1.4; the granularity of the bamboo chips is 6 meshes, and the water content of the bamboo chips is 12%; the concentration of the phosphoric acid solution is 50%, the kneaded material is in direct countercurrent contact with flue gas at 400 ℃ for 3.5 hours, so that the material is carbonized and activated to obtain an activated material, and the activated material is washed, dried, crushed and ground to obtain the modified bamboo activated carbon powder;
example 1
In embodiment 1 of the invention, the anti-impact wear-resistant concrete for hydraulic engineering is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of modified glass fiber, 15 parts of modified bamboo activated carbon powder, 10 parts of kaolinite, 70 parts of ordinary portland cement, 30 parts of aggregate, 50 parts of water and 5 parts of water reducing agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: and putting the ordinary portland cement, the aggregate, the kaolinite, the water and the water reducing agent in parts by weight into a stirrer for uniform mixing, and keeping a certain rotating speed, wherein the rotating speed of the stirrer is 1000r/min, the mixing time is 2h, and the modified glass fiber and the modified bamboo activated carbon powder are sequentially added in the mixing process, so that the impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete can be prepared.
Example 2
In embodiment 2 of the invention, the anti-impact wear-resistant concrete for hydraulic engineering is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight according to the method of embodiment 1: 10 parts of modified glass fiber, 25 parts of modified bamboo activated carbon powder, 15 parts of kaolinite, 80 parts of ordinary portland cement, 40 parts of aggregate, 60 parts of water and 10 parts of water reducing agent.
Example 3
In embodiment 3 of the invention, the anti-impact wear-resistant concrete for hydraulic engineering is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight according to the method of embodiment 1: 6 parts of modified glass fiber, 17 parts of modified bamboo activated carbon powder, 15 parts of montmorillonite, 72 parts of ordinary portland cement, 32 parts of aggregate, 52 parts of water and 6 parts of water reducing agent.
Example 4
In embodiment 4 of the invention, the anti-impact wear-resistant concrete for hydraulic engineering is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight according to the method of embodiment 1: 10 parts of modified glass fiber, 23 parts of modified bamboo activated carbon powder, 15 parts of montmorillonite, 78 parts of ordinary portland cement, 38 parts of aggregate, 58 parts of water and 9 parts of water reducing agent.
Comparative example 1
The concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight according to the method of the embodiment 1: 20 parts of modified glass fiber, 15 parts of modified bamboo activated carbon powder, 70 parts of ordinary portland cement, 30 parts of aggregate, 50 parts of deionized water and 5 parts of water reducing agent.
Comparative example 2
The concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight according to the method of the embodiment 1: 20 parts of kaolinite, 15 parts of modified bamboo activated carbon powder, 70 parts of ordinary portland cement, 30 parts of aggregate, 50 parts of deionized water and 5 parts of water reducing agent.
Comparative example 3
The concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight according to the method of the embodiment 1: 20 parts of montmorillonite, 15 parts of modified bamboo activated carbon powder, 70 parts of ordinary portland cement, 30 parts of aggregate, 50 parts of deionized water and 5 parts of water reducing agent.
Performance test
Carrying out an anti-impact abrasion strength test by adopting a ring method and an underwater steel ball method in DL/T5150-2001 hydraulic concrete test regulations, wherein the compressive strength is obtained by adopting a method in JGJ70-2009 building mortar basic performance test method; the test piece of the concrete shrinkage deformation is maintained in a constant-temperature shrinkage chamber with the temperature of 20 +/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60 +/-5%, the size of the test piece is 100mm multiplied by 510mm, the average value of three tests of each group is obtained, and the concrete test results of different groups of concrete are shown in the following table:
according to the invention, under the combined action of the components, the clay is used for replacing part of the modified glass fiber, so that the impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete prepared by the method can greatly save the cost under the condition of keeping the impact-resistant and wear-resistant strength and the compressive strength. Particularly, montmorillonite is adopted to replace part of modified glass fiber, so that the cost is reduced, and the impact grinding strength and the compressive strength of the concrete can be further improved.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The anti-impact wear-resistant concrete for the hydraulic engineering is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-15 parts of modified glass fiber, 15-25 parts of modified bamboo activated carbon powder, 8-20 parts of clay, 70-80 parts of ordinary portland cement, 30-40 parts of aggregate, 50-60 parts of deionized water and 5-10 parts of water reducing agent.
2. The impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the modified glass fiber is 5 to 12 parts.
3. The impact resistant, wear resistant concrete of claim 1, the clay being selected from one or a combination of kaolinite, petrolatum, montmorillonite, vermiculite, illite, or allophane.
4. The impact resistant, wear resistant concrete according to claim 1, the clay being selected from kaolinite and/or montmorillonite, preferably montmorillonite.
5. The impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein the aggregate comprises the following components in weight ratio: and (3) medium stone: large stone is 3:4: 3.
6. The impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which has a 28d impact-resistant and wear-resistant strength of 2.50 h/(kg/m) as measured by a torus method2) Above, preferably 2.70 h/(kg/m)2) The above.
7. The impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which has a 28d impact-resistant and wear-resistant strength of 10.40 h/(kg/m) as measured by an underwater steel ball method2) Above, preferably 10.80 h/(kg/m)2) The above.
8. The impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which has a 28d compressive strength of 63.0MPa or more, preferably 64.0MPa or more.
9. The impact and wear resistant concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 5, having a 28d dry set, preferably 220 x 10-4Hereinafter, 200 × 10 is preferable-4The following.
10. The impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115340335A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-15 | 江苏水工建设集团有限公司 | Concrete for hydraulic engineering and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115340335A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-15 | 江苏水工建设集团有限公司 | Concrete for hydraulic engineering and preparation method thereof |
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