CN111792895A - Nano/micron filler composite toughened ultrahigh-performance concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nano/micron filler composite toughened ultrahigh-performance concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111792895A CN111792895A CN202010681532.1A CN202010681532A CN111792895A CN 111792895 A CN111792895 A CN 111792895A CN 202010681532 A CN202010681532 A CN 202010681532A CN 111792895 A CN111792895 A CN 111792895A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/0076—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials characterised by the grain distribution
- C04B20/008—Micro- or nanosized fillers, e.g. micronised fillers with particle size smaller than that of the hydraulic binder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
The invention provides a nano/micron filler composite toughened ultra-high performance concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ultra-high performance concrete comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fly ash: silica fume: quartz sand: stainless steel microfilaments: nano-filler: water: 1 of water reducing agent: 0.2-0.4: 0.2-0.4: 1.2-1.6: 0.10-0.20: 0.0015 to 4.0000: 0.35-0.45: 0.0015 to 0.003. According to the invention, the low-doping-amount stainless steel microfilaments and the nano filler are compounded and doped, so that the structural compactness of the ultra-high performance concrete is enhanced from nano/micro scale, the primary microcracks are reduced, the generation and development of cracks can be effectively limited, the toughness of the ultra-high performance concrete is greatly improved, the engineering application range is expanded, the improvement of the structural durability and the optimization of the structural design are facilitated, the production process is simple, a large amount of industrial waste fly ash is used, and the method has important significance for protecting the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nano filler modified cement-based materials, in particular to nano/micron filler composite toughened ultrahigh-performance concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Due to its high strength and durability, ultra-high performance concrete has been increasingly used in large span structures, high-rise buildings and complex environmental structures, but its high brittleness problem has been gradually highlighted. At present, the existing research mainly uses common steel fibers to improve the toughness of the ultra-high performance concrete, the common diameter of the steel fibers is 0.15-0.25mm, and the common volume mixing amount is 1.5% -2.5%, but after the concrete is stirred, water is easy to gather around the steel fibers, so that a weak interface between the steel fibers and a matrix is formed, the improvement of the toughness of the ultra-high performance concrete is limited, the high fibers with low mixing amount do not form a complete toughening network, the toughness cannot be effectively improved, the shrinkage of a component is limited, and the working performance of the concrete can be greatly reduced by the high-mixing-amount steel fibers, so that the strength and the toughness are reduced; some researches have also been made on improving the toughness of the ultra-high performance concrete by adopting nano fillers including carbon nanofibers, graphene and the like, but the nano fillers often use a large amount of chemical dispersants at the same time, so that the production procedure is complicated and the production cost is increased; in addition, the existing ultra-high performance concrete usually takes the improvement of compressive strength as a premise, and obtains high toughness performance through high-temperature curing or autoclaved curing, which greatly limits the application of the ultra-high performance concrete in practical engineering, reduces the economy of the ultra-high performance concrete, and particularly greatly reduces the advantages of the ultra-high performance concrete for structures/members with high toughness requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the problems of the existing method for improving the toughness of the ultra-high performance concrete, the nano/micron filler composite toughened ultra-high performance concrete and the preparation method thereof are provided.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
the nano/micron filler composite toughened ultrahigh-performance concrete comprises cement in parts by weight: fly ash: silica fume: quartz sand: stainless steel microfilaments: nano-filler: water: 1 of water reducing agent: 0.2-0.4: 0.2-0.4: 1.2-1.6: 0.10-0.20: 0.0015 to 4.0000: 0.35-0.45: 0.0015 to 0.003.
Further, the nanofiller used is selected from the 0-dimensionalOne of 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional nanofillers; the 0-dimensional nano filler comprises nano TiO2Nano ZrO 22Nano SiO2And nano-silicon-coated TiO2(ii) a The 1-dimensional nano filler comprises multi-wall Carbon Nano Tubes (CNT), single-wall CNT, functionalized CNT and carbon nano fibers; the 2-dimensional nanofiller comprises graphene and graphite nanoplatelets.
Furthermore, the used cement is marked as P.I. 42.5 or P. O42.5R; the used fly ash is II-grade ash; the fineness of the used silica fume is 20-28m2/g。
Further, the quartz sand used has a particle size of 0.1 to 0.5mm and SiO2Content is more than or equal to 99 percent, Fe2O3The content is less than or equal to 0.005 percent.
Furthermore, the diameter of the used stainless steel microfilament is 8-25 μm, the length is 8-15 mm, the elongation is more than 1%, and the tensile strength is more than 780 Mpa.
Further, the water reducing agent used is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the nano/micron filler composite toughened ultrahigh-performance concrete, which comprises the following steps:
when 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional nano filler is used, the stirring process comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the nano filler, water and the water reducing agent, placing the mixture into an ultrasonic instrument, ultrasonically dispersing for 5 minutes, cooling to room temperature, pouring the mixture into a stirring pot, adding stainless steel microfilaments and silica fume, stirring at a low speed for 1 minute, pausing, adding cement and fly ash, stirring at a low speed for 1-2 minutes, stirring at a high speed for 2-4 minutes, pausing, adding quartz sand, stirring at a low speed for 1-2 minutes, and stirring at a high speed for 3-5 minutes;
when the 0-dimensional nano filler is used, the stirring process comprises the steps of firstly pouring the nano filler, the stainless steel microfilaments, the silicon ash, the water and the water reducing agent into a stirring pot, uniformly mixing, stirring at a low speed for 1-3 minutes, pausing, adding the cement and the fly ash, stirring at a low speed for 1-3 minutes, stirring at a high speed for 2-4 minutes, pausing, adding the quartz sand, stirring at a low speed for 1-2 minutes, and then stirring at a high speed for 3-5 minutes.
Further, demolding after curing for 24 hours in a standard curing box, then placing in water at 20 +/-1 ℃ for curing for 28 days, and then placing in the air; in a standard curing box, the temperature is 20 +/-1 ℃, and the humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent.
The invention adopts the nano/micron filler composite toughened ultrahigh-performance concrete, and the nano/micron composite filler and the composite cementing material and the quartz sand with reasonable grain size distribution form a compact stacking structure together, so that the ultrahigh-performance concrete can be ensured to have the compressive strength of more than 120MPa and good workability under the conditions of higher water-cement ratio and normal-temperature curing, the toughness of the ultrahigh-performance concrete is greatly improved, and the preparation process is simplified. The main action mechanism of the nano/micron filler composite toughened ultrahigh-performance concrete comprises the following steps: the steel fiber is replaced by the stainless steel microfilament, and due to the micron-sized diameter and the large specific surface area of the stainless steel microfilament, the problem of a weak interface between the common steel fiber and a matrix can be solved, the macroscopic pore size can be reduced, the macroscopic compactness of the whole structure is enhanced, and meanwhile, a toughening network which is widely distributed can be formed in the concrete under the condition of low doping amount, so that the generation and the development of cracks are limited, the cracks are bridged and spanned, the shrinkage can be inhibited through the function of the lapping network, and the toughness of the concrete is improved; secondly, when the high-efficiency water reducing agent is taken as a dispersing medium and added with the nano filler, on one hand, no additional chemical dispersing agent is needed, no adverse factor is introduced into the concrete, the preparation process and the technology are simplified, on the other hand, the nano filler has the nano core effect, the adsorption, filling and bonding effects are exerted through the advantages of small size and large specific surface area of the nano filler, the nano/micro compactness of hydration products is enhanced, the primary cracks are reduced, the toughness of the concrete is improved from nano/micro, the nano core effect can not be effectively exerted for the ultra-high performance concrete with more macro pores and using common fibers in the macro structure of the dense concrete added with the stainless steel micro wires, furthermore, part of the nano filler can be adsorbed on the surface of the stainless steel micro wires, the nano core effect can be continuously exerted, and the stainless steel micro wires can be stripped, The nail pricking resistance of pulling out and breaking is increased, so that the toughness of the concrete is improved; the size of the raw material of the ultra-high performance concrete is less than 500 microns, and the size of the hydration product is between nanometer and micron, so that the homogeneity of the size can be further enhanced by the composite doping of the nanometer/micron material, the non-homogeneity characteristic of the ultra-high performance concrete can be fundamentally improved, and the high toughness can be obtained under the normal temperature curing condition.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the nano/micron filler composite toughened ultrahigh-performance concrete and the preparation method thereof, the obtained ultrahigh-performance concrete has micron-sized diameter and large specific surface area, a toughening network which is widely distributed can be formed in the ultrahigh-performance concrete under the condition of low doping amount of the stainless steel microwires, the compactness of a concrete macrostructure is enhanced, the toughness of the ultrahigh-performance concrete can be improved, the excellent construction performance of the ultrahigh-performance concrete can be ensured, and the application range of the ultrahigh-performance concrete is expanded; meanwhile, the nano-grade filler is compounded and doped, so that the nano core effect of the nano-grade filler can be utilized, the original defects in the ultra-high performance concrete are reduced, the compactness of the nano/microstructure is enhanced, and no additional dispersing agent is used; the brittleness of the ultra-high performance concrete can be obviously reduced by the low-doping amount of the nano/micron filler, and the toughness of the ultra-high performance concrete is improved, so that the nano/micron filler has important significance for optimizing the structural design and saving resources and energy.
Based on the reasons, the invention can be widely popularized in the fields of nano-filler modified cement-based materials and the like.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention uses nano/micron filler to toughen ultra-high performance concrete, and prepares the ultra-high performance concrete which has compact structure, excellent performance, simple process and wide application range and is characterized by high toughness.
The nano/micron filler composite toughened ultra-high performance concrete and the preparation method thereof are described below by combining specific examples.
The method for testing the flexural strength and the compressive strength of the ultra-high performance concrete refers to the GB/T17671-1999 cement mortar strength determination method (ISO method).
The bending toughness is obtained by integrating the load-displacement curve obtained by the test.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the concrete comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fly ash: silica fume: quartz sand: stainless steel microwire: nano-filler: water: 1 of water reducing agent: 0.25: 0.31: 1.375: 0.15: 0.0025: 0.4: 0.0015. the cement used is P. O42.5R; the diameter of the stainless steel microfilament is 20 μm, and the length is 10 mm; the nano-filler is a multi-wall carbon nano-tube, the length of the nano-filler is 0.5-2 mu m, and the outer diameter of the nano-filler is less than 8 nm; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The power of the ultrasonic instrument used was 1200W.
The stirring process comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing a multi-walled carbon nanotube, a water reducing agent and water, placing the mixture in an ultrasonic instrument for ultrasonic treatment for 5 minutes, cooling the mixture to room temperature in air, and pouring the mixture into a stirring pot; secondly, adding silica fume and stainless steel microfilaments, and stirring for 1 minute at a low speed by adopting a cement mortar stirrer; thirdly, pausing, adding cement and fly ash, stirring at a low speed for 1 minute, and then stirring at a high speed for 2 minutes; and fourthly, pausing, adding quartz sand, stirring at a low speed for 1 minute, and then stirring at a high speed for 3 minutes to obtain the nano/micron filler composite toughened ultra-high performance concrete slurry.
And curing the nano/micron filler composite toughened ultra-high performance concrete test piece in a standard curing box for 24 hours, then removing the mold, curing in water at 20 +/-1 ℃ for 28 days, and then placing in the air to be tested.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the concrete comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fly ash: silica fume: quartz sand: stainless steel microwire: nano-filler: water: 1 of water reducing agent: 0.25: 0.31: 1.375: 0.15: 0.015: 0.4: 0.0015. the cement used is P. O42.5R; the diameter of the stainless steel microfilament is 20 μm, and the length is 10 mm; the nano filler is nano silicon-coated TiO2It is rutile phase, 20nm in outer diameter, and the ratio of silica to titania is 0.04: 1; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
The stirring process comprises the following steps: firstly, nano-silicon-coated TiO is firstly prepared2Mixing the silica fume, the stainless steel microfilaments, the water reducing agent and water, and stirring for 1 minute at a low speed by a cement mortar stirrer; secondly, pausing, adding cement and fly ash, stirring at a low speed for 1 minute, and then stirring at a high speed for 2 minutes; and thirdly, pausing, adding quartz sand, stirring at a low speed for 1 minute, and then stirring at a high speed for 3 minutes to obtain the nano/micron filler composite toughened ultrahigh-performance concrete slurry.
And curing the nano/micron filler composite toughened ultra-high performance concrete test piece in a standard curing box for 24 hours, then removing the mold, curing in water at 20 +/-1 ℃ for 28 days, and then placing in the air to be tested.
Example 3
In the embodiment, the concrete comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fly ash: silica fume: quartz sand: stainless steel microwire: nano-filler: water: 1 of water reducing agent: 0.25: 0.31: 1.375: 0.15: 0.0025: 0.4: 0.0015. the cement used is P.I 42.5; the diameter of the stainless steel microfilament is 20 μm, and the length is 10 mm; the nano-filler is a multi-wall carbon nano-tube, the length of the nano-filler is 0.5-2 mu m, and the outer diameter of the nano-filler is less than 8 nm; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The power of the ultrasonic instrument used was 1200W.
The stirring process comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing a multi-walled carbon nanotube, a water reducing agent and water, placing the mixture in an ultrasonic instrument for ultrasonic treatment for 5 minutes, cooling the mixture to room temperature in air, and pouring the mixture into a stirring pot; secondly, adding silica fume and stainless steel microfilaments, and stirring for 1 minute at a low speed by adopting a cement mortar stirrer; thirdly, pausing, adding cement and fly ash, stirring at a low speed for 1 minute, and then stirring at a high speed for 2 minutes; and fourthly, pausing, adding quartz sand, stirring at a low speed for 1 minute, and then stirring at a high speed for 3 minutes to obtain the nano/micron filler composite toughened ultra-high performance concrete slurry.
And curing the nano/micron filler composite toughened ultra-high performance concrete test piece in a standard curing box for 24 hours, then removing the mold, curing in water at 20 +/-1 ℃ for 28 days, and then placing in the air to be tested.
Example 4
In the embodiment, the concrete comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fly ash: silica fume: quartz sand: stainless steel microwire: nano-filler: water: 1 of water reducing agent: 0.25: 0.31: 1.375: 0.15: 0.015: 0.4: 0.0015. the cement used is P.I 42.5; the diameter of the stainless steel microfilament is 20 μm, and the length is 10 mm; the nano filler is nano silicon-coated TiO2The titanium dioxide is rutile phase, the outer diameter is 20nm, and the ratio of silicon dioxide to titanium dioxide is 0.04: 1; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
The stirring process comprises the following steps: firstly, nano-silicon-coated TiO is firstly prepared2Mixing the silica fume, the stainless steel microfilaments, the water reducing agent and water, and stirring for 1 minute at a low speed by a cement mortar stirrer; secondly, pausing, adding cement and fly ash, stirring at a low speed for 1 minute, and then stirring at a high speed for 2 minutes; and thirdly, pausing, adding quartz sand, stirring at a low speed for 1 minute, and then stirring at a high speed for 3 minutes to obtain the nano/micron filler composite toughened ultrahigh-performance concrete slurry.
And curing the nano/micron filler composite toughened ultra-high performance concrete test piece in a standard curing box for 24 hours, then removing the mold, curing in water at 20 +/-1 ℃ for 28 days, and then placing in the air to be tested.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that the composition does not contain stainless steel microfilaments and multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the composition does not contain stainless steel microfilaments.
Comparative example 3
The difference from the example 2 is that the stainless steel microfilament is not contained in the composition.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the composition does not contain multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
Comparative example 5
The difference from the example 3 is that the components do not contain stainless steel microfilaments and multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 3 is that no stainless steel microfilaments are included in the composition.
Comparative example 7
The difference from example 4 is that no stainless steel microfilaments are included in the composition.
Comparative example 8
The difference from example 3 is that the composition does not contain multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
Performance testing
The effects of the nano/micro composite filler on the flexural strength, the flexural-to-compression ratio and the flexural toughness of the ultra-high performance concrete are shown in tables 1 and 2. As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the flexural toughness of the ultra-high performance concrete using the nano-filler and the stainless steel micro-wires in combination is higher than that of the concrete using the nano-filler or the stainless steel micro-wires alone, regardless of the cement.
TABLE 1 Effect of nano/micro fillers on ultra high Performance concrete Performance Using P.O 42.5R Cement
TABLE 2 Effect of nano/micro fillers on the Performance of ultra high Performance concrete Using P.I 42.5 Cement
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The nano/micron filler composite toughened ultrahigh-performance concrete is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: fly ash: silica fume: quartz sand: stainless steel microfilaments: nano-filler: water: 1 of water reducing agent: 0.2-0.4: 0.2-0.4: 1.2-1.6: 0.10-0.20: 0.0015 to 4.0000: 0.35-0.45: 0.0015 to 0.003.
2. The nano/micro filler composite toughened ultra-high performance concrete according to claim 1, wherein the nano filler used is selected from one of 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional nano fillers; the 0-dimensional nano filler comprises nano TiO2Nano ZrO 22Nano SiO2And nano-silicon-coated TiO2(ii) a The 1-dimensional nanofiller comprises multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), single-walled CNTs, functionalized CNTs and carbon nanofibers; the 2-dimensional nanofiller comprises graphene and graphite nanoplatelets.
3. The nano/micron filler composite toughened ultra-high performance concrete according to claim 1, wherein the cement used is labeled as P · i 42.5 or P · O42.5R; the used fly ash is II-grade ash; the fineness of the used silica fume is 20-28m2/g。
4. The nano/micron filler composite toughened ultra-high performance concrete according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the used quartz sand is 0.1-0.5mm, SiO2Content is more than or equal to 99 percent, Fe2O3The content is less than or equal to 0.005 percent.
5. The nano/micron filler composite toughened ultrahigh-performance concrete according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the used stainless steel microfilaments is 8-25 μm, the length is 8-15 mm, the elongation is more than 1%, and the tensile strength is more than 780 Mpa.
6. The nano/micron filler composite toughened ultra-high performance concrete according to claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent used is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
7. The method for preparing the nano/micron filler composite toughened ultra-high performance concrete according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
when 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional nano filler is used, the stirring process comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the nano filler, water and a water reducing agent, placing the mixture into an ultrasonic instrument, ultrasonically dispersing for 5 minutes, cooling to room temperature, pouring the mixture into a stirring pot, adding stainless steel microfilaments and silica fume, stirring for 1 minute at a low speed, pausing, adding cement and fly ash, stirring for 1-2 minutes at a low speed, stirring for 2-4 minutes at a high speed, pausing, adding quartz sand, stirring for 1-2 minutes at a low speed, and stirring for 3-5 minutes at a high speed;
when the 0-dimensional nano filler is used, the stirring process comprises the steps of firstly pouring the nano filler, the stainless steel microfilaments, the silica fume, the water and the water reducing agent into a stirring pot, uniformly mixing, stirring at a low speed for 1-3 minutes, pausing, adding the cement and the fly ash, stirring at a low speed for 1-3 minutes, stirring at a high speed for 2-4 minutes, pausing, adding the quartz sand, stirring at a low speed for 1-2 minutes, and then stirring at a high speed for 3-5 minutes.
8. The method for preparing the nano/micron filler composite toughened ultrahigh-performance concrete according to claim 7 is characterized in that: curing in a standard curing box for 24 hours, demoulding, then placing in water with the temperature of 20 +/-1 ℃ for curing for 28 days, and placing in air; in a standard curing box, the temperature is 20 +/-1 ℃, and the humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent.
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| CN112279589A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-29 | 中建商品混凝土有限公司 | Urban sewage deep tunnel transmission engineering composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115073036A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-09-20 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Toughening functional filler and high-toughness concrete using same for road and bridge engineering |
| CN115710108A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-02-24 | 大连理工大学 | Full-component micron-sized seawater and sea sand ultrahigh-performance concrete, and preparation method and application thereof |
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