Background
At present, many electric rail cars are adopted to transport tunnel earthwork, the scheme is superior to a manual scheme in time cost and labor cost, and especially the safety is high. Under the condition of large gradient, manufacturers generally recommend a scheme of using a winch to pull the rail car. Track construction conveyer is mainly for hoist engine traction trolley, in order to prevent the dolly from falling, what generally adopted among the prior art is to increase wire rope and add the winch reel, however this kind of mode also has the drawback of increaseing, for example, every wire rope's atress is inconsistent, the dolly appears crooked, certain or several atress fracture excessively greatly, remaining wire rope atress increase in the twinkling of an eye is tightened, the fracture appears very easily, cause the dolly to descend fast along the track, cause serious threat to constructor and construction platform below, even injure life, if there is inflammable gas below, that consequence can't imagine.
Most of the existing trolleys are provided with simple braking or speed limiting devices, so that the speed of the trolleys can be prevented from being continuously increased when steel wire ropes are broken, loss is reduced, but the speed limiting devices can only limit the speed of the trolleys below a certain numerical value, but the speed limiting devices do not directly brake the brakes, the trolleys can fall along the slope, and serious accidents can be caused if heavy objects or people exist on the trolleys.
Patent document (CN 210852463U) discloses an anti-falling ramp trolley, which utilizes the traction force of a steel wire rope to control the state of a braking member, but has obvious defects in practical application, for example, in large underground building construction, a track of the trolley is used for temporarily transporting earthwork or building materials, and a part of the track can be built up and down in an up-and-down fluctuating shape according to needs, in the fluctuating stage of the track, the traction force of the steel wire rope to the trolley is unstable, so that the braking member is in direct frequent collision or frictional contact with the surface of a steel rail, loss exists in the trolley, and the upper surface of the rail is also greatly lost, which affects the service life of the rail; after a period of time, the loss of the braking part is quite serious, and the braking part cannot be ensured to provide enough friction force under the condition that the steel wire rope is broken, so that the braking is finally failed, and the trolley can slide downwards; besides, the contact surface in this patent is also extremely limited, increasing the risk of brake failure.
In conclusion, the transport vehicle used in building construction in the prior art is not safe because of few necessary emergency braking devices, and cannot fundamentally solve the risk that the transport vehicle falls down due to loss of traction force after the lifting equipment fails or the steel wire rope is broken.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the safe type building construction conveying device, which effectively solves the problems that the existing transport vehicle cannot brake in time after losing traction force and is unsafe in use.
The technical proposal for solving the problem is that the device comprises a rail, a horizontal flat plate is arranged above the rail, two horizontal rotating shafts which can rotate are arranged below the flat plate, wheels are arranged at two ends of the rotating shafts and can roll along the rail, a cylindrical inner shell which is coaxial with the wheels is fixed at the outer side of the wheels, an outer shell is sleeved on the inner shell, when the rotating speed of the inner shell exceeds a certain value, the inner shell can drive the outer shell to rotate together, the outer shell is rotationally fixed on a flat plate, a first chain wheel is fixed on one side, away from a wheel, of the outer shell, a horizontal and rotatable stud bolt is arranged on the lower sides of the left end and the right end of the flat plate, a second chain wheel is arranged at one end, located on the outer side, of the stud bolt, the first chain wheel can drive the second chain wheel to rotate through a chain, vertical clamping plates penetrate through two ends of the stud bolt, the stud bolt can control the two clamping plates on the stud bolt to be close to or far away from each other through rotation, and the lower ends of;
the utility model discloses a platform, including dull and stereotyped gear, dull and stereotyped back side, the dull and stereotyped upside install the carriage, the lower extreme of carriage left and right sides board articulates there is a plurality of dish type gears, be fixed with the first rack that corresponds with dish type gear on the flat board, there is the second rack with dish type gear engagement above the first rack, the second rack can only be along the back-and-forth movement, carriage rear end upper side articulates there is first fly leaf, dull and stereotyped rear side articulates there is the second fly leaf of level form, install the extension spring between second fly leaf middle part and the carriage, first fly leaf lower extreme and second fly leaf middle part are together articulated through the connecting rod, when second dish type gear moves backward and has the first fly leaf of promotion and rotate round the pin joint, first fly leaf lower extreme.
The trolley has a smart structure, and can be emergently braked under the action of the trolley when traction force is lost, so that the trolley can be firmly fixed on a track, the construction safety is fundamentally ensured, and the falling risk is avoided.
Detailed Description
The following description will explain embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the invention comprises a rail, a horizontal flat plate 1 is arranged above the rail, two horizontal rotating shafts 2 which can rotate are arranged below the flat plate 1, wheels 3 are arranged at two ends of the rotating shafts 2, the wheels 3 can roll along a rail, a cylindrical inner shell 4 which is coaxial with the wheels is fixed at the outer side of each wheel, an outer shell 5 is sleeved on the inner shell 4, when the rotating speed of the inner shell 4 exceeds a certain value, the inner shell 4 can drive the outer shell 5 to rotate together, the outer shell 5 is rotationally fixed on the flat plate 1, a first chain wheel 6 is fixed at one side of the outer shell 5 far away from the wheels 3, a horizontal stud bolt 7 which can rotate is arranged at the lower side of the left end and the right end of the flat plate 1, a second chain wheel 8 is arranged at one end of the stud bolt 7 at the outer side, the first chain wheel 6 can drive the second chain wheel 8 to rotate through a chain, vertical clamping plates 9 are arranged at two ends of the stud bolt 7, the lower ends of the clamping plates 9 on the same stud bolt 7 can clamp the rail;
the utility model discloses a flat plate, including dull and stereotyped 1, the dull and stereotyped upside install the carriage, the lower extreme of the both sides board of carriage left and right sides articulates has a plurality of dish type gears 10, be fixed with the first rack 11 that corresponds with dish type gear 10 on the dull and stereotyped 1, there is the second rack 12 with the meshing of dish type gear 10 above the first rack 11, the second rack 12 can only be along the back-and-forth movement, carriage rear end upper side articulates has first fly leaf 13, dull and stereotyped 1 rear side articulates has horizontal second fly leaf 14, install the extension spring between second fly leaf 14 middle part and the carriage, first fly leaf 13 lower extreme and second fly leaf 14 middle part are together articulated through the connecting rod, when second dish type gear 10 moves backward and has promoted first fly leaf 13 and rotate round the pin joint, first fly leaf 13 lower extreme makes second fly leaf 14 rear side down dip through.
In order to clamp the rail by the lower ends of the clamping plates 9 on the same stud bolt 7, the lower end of the clamping plate 9 close to the rail is provided with a strip block 15, the stud bolt 7 rotates to enable the two clamping plates 9 on the stud bolt to be close to each other and clamp the rail through the strip block 15, so that the flat plate 1 is fixed on the rail, and the strip block 15 is covered with a rubber layer.
After exceeding a definite value in order to realize 4 rotational speeds of inner shell, no matter the inner shell 4 can both drive shell 5 and rotate together in corotation or reversal, convenient rescue, the lateral wall of inner shell 4 on open and to have a plurality of notches 16, it has a plurality of first pawls 17 to articulate through the torsional spring in the notch 16, one of keeping away from the pin joint of first pawl 17 is served and is had the inclined plane, there is protruding formation couple on the inclined plane, there are a plurality of second pawls 18 that are the circumference equipartition on the 5 inside walls of outer shell, second pawl 18 is in the same place through the torsional spring is articulated with shell 5, one of keeping away from the pin joint of second pawl 18 is served and is had the protruding buckle that forms, when inner shell 4 rotates at a high speed, first pawl 17 outside rotates, the inclined plane on the first pawl 17 makes first pawl 17.
In order to install the stud bolt 7, the two ends of the stud bolt 7 are provided with first installation plates 19, the two ends of the stud bolt 7 penetrate through the first installation plates 19, and a bearing is installed between the first installation plates 19 and the stud bolt 7.
In order to realize that stud 7 rotates and can control two splint 9 on it and be close to each other or keep away from, stud 7 both ends run through splint 9, be the helicitic texture on the part that splint 9 is run through by stud 7, there is the slide bar 20 rather than parallel stud 7 top, slide bar 20 both ends run through splint 9 upper end and are fixed together with first mounting panel 19, splint 9 can remove about slide bar 20.
In order to realize that the clamping plates 9 are not continuously away from each other after loosening the rail and recovering the original position in rescue, the double-headed bolt 7 only has a threaded structure in the middle, a pressure spring is installed between the clamping plates 9 and the first mounting plate 19, the pressure spring can push a cylinder upwards towards the part with the threaded structure on the double-headed bolt 7, so that threads on the cylinder are kept in contact with the threads on the double-headed bolt 7, when the cylinder is positioned at the part without the threads at two ends of the double-headed bolt 7, the double-headed bolt 7 can rotate forwards to drive the two clamping plates 9 on the cylinder to be close to each other, and at the moment, the double-headed nut can.
In order to fix the shell 5 on the lower side of the flat plate 1 in a rotating way, the lower end of the flat plate 1 is provided with a vertical second mounting plate 21, the central shaft of the first bevel gear penetrates through the second mounting plate 21, and a bearing is arranged between the second mounting plate 21 and the central shaft of the first bevel gear.
In order to install the rotating shaft 2, a fixing block 22 corresponding to the rotating shaft 2 is fixed at the lower end of the flat plate 1, the rotating shaft 2 penetrates through the fixing block 22, and a bearing is installed between the rotating shaft 2 and the fixing block 22.
In order to mount the second rack 12 and realize that the second rack 12 can only move back and forth, the second rack 12 is provided with a sliding groove arranged along the front and back direction, a plurality of pins 23 are arranged in the sliding groove, one end of each pin 23 is fixed with the carriage, the other end of each pin 23 is provided with an annular bulge, and the annular bulge ensures that the second rack 12 is not separated from the pins 23.
In order to fix the carriage and the flat plate 1 together under normal conditions, a plurality of positioning pins 24 are arranged above the flat plate 1, a plurality of positioning holes corresponding to the positioning pins 24 are formed in the lower end face of the carriage, the positioning pins 24 are arranged in the positioning holes, and when the positioning pins 24 are subjected to excessive stress, the positioning pins 24 are broken.
It is noted that, in order to prevent the flat plate 1 from completely separating from the carriage under the condition that the positioning pin 24 is broken, the lower side of the front end of the carriage is connected with the front end of the flat plate 1 through an iron chain; in order to enable the first pawl 17 to smoothly swing outwards through the notch 16, a plurality of limiting rods corresponding to the first pawl 17 are arranged in the inner shell 4, under the normal condition, the first pawl 17 is contacted with the limiting rods under the action of a torsion spring, and when the centrifugal force applied to the first pawl 17 is too large, the first pawl 17 swings out through the notch 16 and is tightly matched with the second pawl 18 under the action of an inclined plane on the first pawl 17, so that the outer shell 5 and the inner shell 4 rotate together; the 8 quantity of second sprocket on same stud 7 can set up one or more, when having a plurality of second sprocket 8 on same stud 7, even when one of them chain fracture, still can trigger the emergency braking's of this device function, improves the security performance greatly.
In the scheme, the track is supposed to be in a slope with a high front part and a low rear part, when the device is normally used, the positioning pin 24 is arranged in the corresponding positioning hole, the flat plate 1 is fixedly connected with the carriage, the movable plate is in a horizontal shape under the action of the tension spring, the wheel 3 rolls at a low speed under the traction of the steel wire of the winch, the first pawl 17 and the second pawl 18 are separated from each other, when the steel wire rope is broken, the trolley rolls backwards along the track, when the trolley moves backwards rapidly, the wheel 3 rolls at a high speed along the track, the wheel 3 drives the inner shell 4 on the wheel 3 to rotate, when the wheel 3 is at an excessive speed and the centrifugal force applied to the first pawl 17 is too large, the first pawl 17 swings out through the notch 16 and is in tight contact with the second pawl 18 under the action of the inclined plane on the first pawl, so that the outer shell 5 and the inner shell 4 rotate together, the outer shell 5 rotates to drive the first, the second chain wheel 8 rotates to drive the stud bolt 7 to rotate forwards, the stud bolt 7 rotates forwards to enable the two clamping plates 9 on the stud bolt to be close to each other, and the long block 15 at the lower end of each clamping plate 9 clamps the rail, so that the flat plate 1 is fixed on the rail and waits for rescue.
In the process, when a heavy object is arranged in the carriage, the carriage still has larger inertia after the flat plate 1 is fixed, if the inertia is large enough, the positioning pin 24 is stressed too much and is broken, the breakage of the positioning pin 24 can offset a part of impulsive force, then the carriage moves towards the rear side along the flat plate 1, the disk-shaped gear 10 on the carriage rolls on the first rack 11, the disk-shaped gear 10 drives the second rack 12 to move towards the rear, the second rack 12 props against the first movable plate 13 in the process of moving towards the rear, the lower end of the first movable plate 13 enables the right end of the second movable plate 14 to incline downwards and touch the ground through a connecting rod, after the rear end of the second movable plate 14 is subjected to the reaction provided by the ground, the first movable plate 13, the connecting rod, the second movable plate 14 and the second rack 12 provide an oblique supporting force for the front end of the carriage, which not only can effectively prevent the carriage from continuously sliding forwards, but also can prevent the carriage from overturning.
After the flat plate 1 and the carriage are fixed, waiting for rescue, and after the rescue workers arrive, fixedly installing a new steel wire rope again, then the trolley is pulled upwards, at the moment, the wheels 3 roll upwards, the end parts of the first pawl 17 and the second pawl 18 are tightly buckled and pulled together, the wheels 3 drive the inner shell 4 to rotate, the inner shell 4 rotates to drive the outer shell 5 to rotate through the first pawl 17 and the second pawl 18, the outer shell 5 rotates to drive the second chain wheel 8 to rotate through the first chain wheel 6, the second chain wheel 8 drives the stud bolt 7 to rotate reversely, the two clamping plates 9 on the stud bolt 7 move towards one side away from each other due to rotation of the stud bolt 7, the long blocks 15 on the two clamping plates 9 are gradually away from the rail until the clamping plates 9 are positioned on the part without threads of the stud bolt 7, and after the trolley is pulled to a safe position, the whole trolley is comprehensively inspected and maintained.
The invention has the outstanding advantages and remarkable progress that:
1. the rail fixing device utilizes the two clamping plates 9 which move oppositely to clamp the rail by the two long blocks 15, and then the flat plate 1 dropping at a high speed is fixed on the rail, so that the trolley is prevented from dropping under the action of no traction force, and the construction safety is ensured.
2. According to the invention, as long as the wheel 3 rotates too fast at a certain time, the first pawls 17 and the second pawls 18 are matched under the action of centrifugal force, and then the outer shell 5 rotates along with the inner shell 4, when a rescuer arrives, the device is pulled upwards, the second chain wheel 8 rotates reversely to enable the stud bolt 7 to rotate reversely, and finally the clamping plate 9 is restored to the original position, so that the rescue process is simplified, and the rescue efficiency is improved.
3. According to the rail clamp, a small force is converted into a large clamping force by using the threaded structure, so that the trolley and a rail can be effectively and firmly fixed, and the trolley is prevented from continuously falling.
4. According to the invention, the first movable plate 13, the second movable plate 14 and the connecting rod provide an oblique upward supporting force for the carriage, so that the carriage is effectively prevented from overturning under the action of inertia, and the safety of personnel or articles in the carriage is ensured.
5. According to the invention, the inertia of the carriage is offset by the positioning pin 24, then the carriage moves backwards relative to the flat plate 1, and the plate-shaped gear 10 rolls on the first rack 11 to enable the backward movement distance of the second rack 12 to be larger than the movement distance of the carriage, so that the rear end of the second rack 12 can be ensured to prop against the first movable plate 13, and further the first movable plate 13, the second movable plate 14 and the connecting rod can provide supporting force for the carriage, and the carriage can be effectively prevented from overturning.
6. When the invention is implemented, in order to increase the braking force, the length and the width of the long block 15 can be adjusted, so that enough braking force can be provided for the falling trolley.
Compared with the prior art, the trolley can be emergently braked under the action of the trolley when traction force is lost, so that the trolley can be firmly fixed on the track, the construction safety is fundamentally ensured, and the risk of falling is avoided.