CN111787130A - IPv6 address and prefix distribution method, device and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents
IPv6 address and prefix distribution method, device and computer readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/50—Address allocation
- H04L61/5007—Internet protocol [IP] addresses
- H04L61/5014—Internet protocol [IP] addresses using dynamic host configuration protocol [DHCP] or bootstrap protocol [BOOTP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/06—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for block-wise or stream coding, e.g. DES systems or RC4; Hash functions; Pseudorandom sequence generators
- H04L9/0643—Hash functions, e.g. MD5, SHA, HMAC or f9 MAC
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L2101/00—Indexing scheme associated with group H04L61/00
- H04L2101/60—Types of network addresses
- H04L2101/618—Details of network addresses
- H04L2101/659—Internet protocol version 6 [IPv6] addresses
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Abstract
The invention discloses an IPv6 address and prefix distribution method, a device and a computer readable storage medium, belongs to the technical field of computer IP address distribution, and solves the problem that in the prior art, both the distribution efficiency and the success rate of IPv6 addresses or prefixes are difficult to consider. An IPv6 address and prefix allocation method includes the following steps: analyzing the request message to obtain a unique client identifier and an identity alliance option, analyzing a network prefix where the client is located to obtain an octet and a hash value, and generating an address or generating a prefix; judging whether the address or the prefix is available, if so, returning the address or the prefix to the client, if not, generating a new address or the prefix, traversing the address pool address until the set times, if the latest address or the prefix is still unavailable, finding the available address or the prefix, and returning the available address or the prefix to the client. The method of the invention simultaneously improves the distribution efficiency and the success rate of the IPv6 address or prefix.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of computer IP address allocation, in particular to an IPv6 address and prefix allocation method, an IPv6 address and prefix allocation device and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
The distribution method of the IPv6 address and prefix includes a stateful (DHCPv6) mode and a stateless mode, compared with the stateless mode, the DHCPv6 can more flexibly control the distribution of the IPv6 address and the network parameter, so the method is widely applied, but the DHCPv6 faces the following problems when distributing the IPv6 address and the prefix, firstly, when the number of the addresses and the prefixes in an IPv6 address pool is large, the time consumption is long when searching for the idle address or the prefix when the address or the prefix request is processed after more addresses and prefixes are distributed, and the distribution efficiency of the address or the prefix is low; secondly, when the system needs to allocate a fixed address or prefix to the client as much as possible, the system needs to store the binding information of the allocated client and address by means of a local or network storage medium, which is difficult to implement for devices without or with few storage media, so that the success rate of allocating the IPv6 address or prefix is low, and thus the allocation efficiency and the success rate of the IPv6 address and prefix in the prior art are difficult to be considered at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides an IPv6 address and prefix allocation method, an apparatus and a computer readable storage medium, which solve the technical problem in the prior art that efficiency and success rate of IPv6 address or prefix allocation are difficult to be considered at the same time.
In one aspect, the present invention provides an IPv6 address and prefix allocation method, including the following steps:
s1, receiving a request message of the client, analyzing the request message to obtain a unique identifier and an identity alliance option of the client, and analyzing a network prefix of the client;
s2, acquiring octets and a hash value according to the identity alliance options and the unique client identification;
s3, generating an address according to the hash value and the network prefix of the client, or generating a prefix according to the appointed client prefix range, length and the hash value;
s4, judging whether the address or the prefix is available, if so, returning the address or the prefix to the client, if not, generating a new octet according to the octet and the address, obtaining a new hash value according to the new octet, and executing the step S5;
and S5, executing steps S3-S4 according to the new hash value until the set times, traversing the address pool address if the latest address or prefix is still unavailable, finding the available address or prefix, and returning the available address or prefix to the client.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes obtaining an IA identifier corresponding to the identity federation option according to the identity federation option, splicing the unique client identifier and the IA identifier to generate an octet, and obtaining a hash value according to the octet.
Further, generating an address according to the hash value and the network prefix where the client is located, specifically including, if the request message of the client includes an address request, splicing the P bit of the network prefix where the client is located and the last 128-P bit of the hash value to obtain a 128-bit address.
Further, the IPv6 address and prefix allocation method further includes parsing the identity federation option, determining the type of the identity federation option, and if the type of the identity federation option is a temporary address identity federation or a non-temporary address identity federation, determining that a request message of the client contains an address request, otherwise, not containing the address request.
Further, the generating a prefix according to the specified client prefix range, length and the hash value specifically includes, if the request message of the client includes a prefix request, the specified client prefix range is m/p, the specified client prefix length is N, combining the front p bit of m and the p +1 to N bits of the hash value into a prefix, and the rear 128-N bits of the prefix are all 0; wherein m is the network prefix bound by the designated IPv6 address pool, and p is the network prefix length bound by the designated IPv6 address pool.
Further, the IPv6 address and prefix allocation method further includes parsing the identity federation option, determining the type of the identity federation option, and if the type of the identity federation option is prefix proxy identity federation, determining that a request message of a client contains a prefix request, otherwise, determining that the request message does not contain a prefix request.
Further, determining whether the address or the prefix is available includes determining whether the address or the prefix is valid and idle, and if the address or the prefix is valid and idle, determining that the address or the prefix is available, otherwise determining that the address or the prefix is unavailable.
Further, traversing the address pool addresses to find available addresses or prefixes specifically includes sequentially traversing the addresses or prefixes in the address pool starting from the latest address or prefix to find a valid and free address or prefix.
On the other hand, the invention also provides an IPv6 address and prefix allocation device, which includes a processor and a memory, where the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the IPv6 address and prefix allocation method according to any of the above technical solutions is implemented.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the IPv6 address and prefix allocation method according to any of the above technical solutions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method comprises the steps of receiving a request message of a client, analyzing the request message to obtain a unique identifier and an identity alliance option of the client, and obtaining a network prefix where the client is located; acquiring octets and a hash value according to the identity alliance options and the unique client identification; generating an address according to the hash value and a network prefix where the client is located, or generating a prefix according to a specified client prefix range, length and the hash value; judging whether the address or the prefix is available, if so, including the address or the prefix in a response message and returning the response message to the client, if not, generating a new octet according to the octet and the address, and obtaining a new hash value according to the new octet; generating a new address or prefix according to the new hash value until a plurality of times, traversing the address pool address to find an available address or prefix if the latest address or prefix is still unavailable, and including the available address or prefix in a response message and returning the response message to the client; the distributed binding information of the client and the address is not required to be stored by a local or network storage medium, and the efficiency and the success rate of IPv6 address or prefix distribution are improved.
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Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an IPv6 address and prefix assignment method according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides an IPv6 address and prefix distribution method, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, receiving a request message of a client, analyzing the request message to obtain a unique identifier and an identity alliance option of the client, and analyzing a network prefix of the client;
step S2, acquiring octets and a hash value according to the identity alliance options and the unique client identification;
step S3, generating an address according to the hash value and the network prefix of the client, or generating a prefix according to the appointed client prefix range, length and the hash value;
step S41, determining whether the address or prefix is available, if so, performing step S42, and if not, performing step S43;
step S42, returning the address or prefix (contained in the response message) to the client,
step S43, generating a new octet according to the octet and the address, obtaining a new hash value according to the octet, and executing steps S3-S41 according to the new hash value until the set times, and executing step S51 if the latest address or prefix is still unavailable;
step S51, traverse the address pool address, find an available address or prefix, and return the available address or prefix (contained in the response message) to the client.
In a specific embodiment, after receiving a Client address request message, the DHCPv6 server analyzes the request message to obtain a Client Unique Identifier, i.e. Client DUID (DHCP Unique Identifier) information;
analyzing the network prefix where the client is located, specifically including that the received client message directly reaches a server (without passing through Relay), and a message source IP is a linear address, and then obtaining the network prefix where the client is located according to a global or site-local IP address of a receiving port; the received client message directly reaches a server (without passing through Relay), and if the message source IP is not a linklocal address, the network prefix where the client is located is obtained according to the message source IP; the received client message reaches a server through a plurality of relays, and a network prefix where the client is located is obtained according to a first link-address field which is not 0 in the Relay-Forward message;
preferably, the step S2 specifically includes obtaining an IA identifier corresponding to the identity federation option according to the identity federation option, splicing the unique client identifier and the IA identifier to generate an octet, and obtaining a hash value according to the octet.
In a specific embodiment, the Identity federation Option (IA Option) in the resolution request message specifically includes three types of Identity federations, namely, an Identity federation for temporary address (IATA), an Identity federation for non-temporary address for temporary address (IANA), and an Identity federation for prefix proxy (IAPD);
one request message may contain multiple IA options at the same time, therefore, each IA Option needs to be processed as follows, each IA Option is analyzed to obtain an IA type and an IA identifier (Identity association identifier, abbreviated as IAID) of the IA Option, the Client DUID and the IAID are spliced into octets, the octet length is the sum of the Client DUID length and the IAID length, a hash algorithm is executed on the generated octets to obtain a hash value, and the hash algorithm can be selected according to the number of address pools, such as MD 5;
preferably, the generating an address according to the hash value and the network prefix where the client is located specifically includes, if the request message of the client includes an address request, splicing the P bit of the network prefix where the client is located and the last 128-P bit of the hash value to obtain a 128-bit address.
In specific implementation, if the client requests an address (i.e. IANA or IATA), a 128-bit address is obtained by combining the network prefix where the client is located and the hash value, and if the network prefix where the client is located is represented by M/P, the P bit of the user network prefix and the (128-P) bit after the hash value are taken and spliced together to form the 128-bit address; wherein, M represents a network prefix bound by an address pool of the designated IPv6, and is a 32-bit 16-ary number, and the M/P format can also be denoted as X: x: : x: X/M, P is the prefix length, and the prefix length range is 16-128;
in a specific embodiment, when a server receives a Client request message, a Client DUID is 00010001258cf432548998fb4de5, an IAID is 0x7000000, and a network of 2000: 125:/64, the Client DUID is used for calculating a hash value by using an octet 0x 000 x010x 000 x010x 250x 8c x40 x 320 x 540 x890x 980 xfb 0x4d 0xe 50x 070 x 000 x00 with a length of 18 for the first time, the hash value calculated by using an md5 algorithm is 0x5f x0e x 440 x6e x9b x90 x 900 x 640 x 50 xcbf 0xc40x 810 x 310 x3a x340x83, and a final generated address is 0x 200 x010x 010x 250x 000 x 000 x 000 x 50 xc 0x 810 x 310 x340x 32 x340x83, namely 34313: 36: 35: 32: 2001 x 32: 36: 32: 14 x 102: 14 x 32: 14 x 8983;
preferably, the IPv6 address and prefix allocation method further includes parsing the identity federation option, determining the type of the identity federation option, and if the type of the identity federation option is temporary address identity federation or non-temporary address identity federation, determining that the request message of the client contains an address request, otherwise, not containing an address request.
Preferably, the generating a prefix according to the specified client prefix range, length and hash value specifically includes, if the request message of the client includes a prefix request, the specified client prefix range is m/p, the specified client prefix length is N, combining the front p bits of m and the p +1 th to N th bits of the hash value into a prefix, and the rear 128-N bits of the prefix are all 0; wherein m is a network prefix bound by a designated IPv6 address pool, and p is a network prefix length bound by a designated IPv6 address pool;
in specific implementation, if a client requests a prefix (i.e., IAPD), a system administrator specifies a prefix range allocated to the client and a prefix length allocated to the client, the prefix range of the client is represented by m/p, the allocated prefix length is represented by N, at this time, the first p bits of m and the p +1 th to N th bits of a hash value are combined into a prefix address, the last (128-N) bits of the prefix address are both 0, and the prefix length is N bits; wherein, m represents a network prefix bound by a designated IPv6 address pool, and is a 32-bit 16-system number, and the m/p format can also be marked as X: x: : x: and X/M, wherein p is the prefix length, the prefix length range is 16-128, and N is the address prefix length assigned in an appointed mode.
In a specific embodiment, a server receives a Client request message, a Client DUID is 00010001258cf432548998fb4de5, an IAID is 0x7000000, an address range 4001: 125:/64 configured by an administrator, an allocated prefix length is 68, a hash value calculated by the same method during address generation is 0x5f 0x0e0x 440 x6e 0x9b 0xc 90x 640 xc 50 xbf 0xc40x 810 x 310 x3a 0x340x83, since the allocated prefix length is 68, a last 60 bits need to be cleared, and a prefix range configured by the administrator is 4001: 125:/64 is considered, so that a finally generated prefix is 0x 400 x010x 010x 250x 000 x 000 x00 x 000 x 000 x 000 x00 x 020 x 000 x 000 x00, namely 4001:125:0:0: 000 x 000 x 95 x 35 x 83;
preferably, the IPv6 address and prefix allocation method further includes parsing the identity federation option, determining the type of the identity federation option, and if the type of the identity federation option is prefix proxy identity federation, determining that a request message of the client contains a prefix request, otherwise, determining that the request message does not contain a prefix request.
Preferably, determining whether the address or the prefix is available, specifically including determining whether the address or the prefix is valid and idle, if so, determining that the address or the prefix is available, otherwise, determining that the address or the prefix is unavailable;
in specific implementation, whether the address or the prefix is valid and idle is judged, specifically, whether the address or the prefix is a reserved address or prefix or not is checked, whether the address or the prefix is already leased to other clients or not is judged; if the address or the prefix is valid and free, the address or the prefix is contained in a response message and returned to the client;
preferably, traversing the address pool addresses to find available addresses or prefixes includes sequentially traversing the addresses or prefixes in the address pool starting from the latest address or prefix to find a valid and free address or prefix.
In specific implementation, if the address or prefix is unavailable, splicing a hash input octet generated by splicing the Client DUID and the IAID and a generated 128-bit address into a new octet, wherein the length of the new octet is the length of the Client DUID plus the length of the IAID plus 16 (bytes), executing a hash algorithm on the new octet to obtain a hash value, using the newly-formed address or prefix to judge whether the address or prefix is valid and idle again, if the address or prefix is valid and idle, allocating the new address or prefix to a Client, and if the address or prefix is invalid or not idle, continuing splicing into the new octet; and so on; if the free address still can not be obtained after a plurality of times (which can be flexibly set according to the system performance, such as 10 times), traversing the addresses or prefixes in the address pool in sequence from the last generated address or prefix, checking whether the address or prefix is available, and trying to find the free address or prefix;
in specific implementation, a hash algorithm is executed on the generated octets to obtain a hash value, and the hash splicing times and the sequential searching times are determined according to the system performance; if the address 2001:125: c5bf: c481:313a:3483 has been leased to other clients, the generated address is appended to the previous hash input, i.e. a hash value is calculated for the input with 0x 000 x010x 000 x010x 010x 250x 8c0xf 40x 320 x 540 x890x 980 xfb 0x4d 0xe 50x 070 x 000 x 000 x 000 x 200 x010x 010x 250x 000 x 000 x 000 x 50 xbf 0xc40x 810 x 310 x3a x340x83 (total 34 bytes), the calculated hash value is 0x6c xb 20 x 170 x 50x 690 xa 50x 2f x 210 xb70x8b x 60 x6 4830 x4a x 80 xdf 0xe 80 xf xfb, so the final generated address is 125: c481: 313: 3435 a: f: 8: f b; if the address is not available, continuing to try a new address; if the hash attempt number limit has been reached at this point, continue the attempt from 2001:125: b58b: a66f:4ae8: dffc, check if the address is available;
if the hash attempt number limit is not reached, the hash value continues to be calculated for the hash input with 0x 000 x010x 000 x010x 010x 250x 8c0xf 40x 320 x 540 x890x 980 xfb 0x4d 0xe 50x 070 x 000 x 000 x 200 x010x 010x 250x 000 x 000 x 000 xc 50 xbf 0xc40x 810 x 310 x3a 0x340x 830 x 200 x010x 010x 250x 000 x 000 x 000 xb70x8b 0xa 60 x6f 0x4a 0xe 80 xdf 0xfb, and then the operation of step S5 is performed.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention also provides an IPv6 address and prefix allocation device, which includes a processor and a memory, where the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the IPv6 address and prefix allocation method described in the above embodiment is implemented.
Example 3
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the IPv6 address and prefix allocation method according to any of the above embodiments.
The invention discloses an IPv6 address and prefix distribution method, a device and a computer readable storage medium; the method comprises the steps of receiving a request message of a client, analyzing the request message to obtain a unique identifier and an identity alliance option of the client, and obtaining a network prefix where the client is located; acquiring octets and a hash value according to the identity alliance options and the unique client identification; generating an address according to the hash value and a network prefix where the client is located, or generating a prefix according to a specified client prefix range, length and the hash value; judging whether the address or the prefix is available, if so, including the address or the prefix in a response message and returning the response message to the client, if not, generating a new octet according to the octet and the address, and obtaining a new hash value according to the new octet; generating a new address or prefix according to the new hash value until a plurality of times, traversing the address pool address to find an available address or prefix if the latest address or prefix is still unavailable, and including the available address or prefix in a response message and returning the response message to the client; the distributed binding information of the client and the address is stored without the aid of a local or network storage medium, and the efficiency and the success rate of IPv6 address or prefix distribution are improved;
the information used when the existing scheme generates the address has limitation, not all client ports can provide the information required by the existing scheme, the existing scheme also has requirements on the prefix length of the allocated address, and no conflict processing is carried out; the technical scheme of the invention can solve the problem of fixed allocation, carry out conflict processing and give consideration to the fixation, efficiency and success rate of address allocation.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the flow of the method implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer program, which is stored in a computer readable storage medium, to instruct related hardware. The computer readable storage medium is a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory or a random access memory.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An IPv6 address and prefix allocation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, receiving a request message of the client, analyzing the request message to obtain a unique identifier and an identity alliance option of the client, and analyzing a network prefix of the client;
s2, acquiring octets and a hash value according to the identity alliance options and the unique client identification;
s3, generating an address according to the hash value and the network prefix of the client, or generating a prefix according to the appointed client prefix range, length and the hash value;
s4, judging whether the address or the prefix is available, if so, returning the address or the prefix to the client, if not, generating a new octet according to the octet and the address, obtaining a new hash value according to the new octet, and executing the step S5;
and S5, executing steps S3-S4 according to the new hash value until the set times, traversing the address pool address if the latest address or prefix is still unavailable, finding the available address or prefix, and returning the available address or prefix to the client.
2. The IPv6 address and prefix allocation method according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 specifically includes, according to the identity federation option, obtaining an IA identifier corresponding to the identity federation option, splicing the client unique identifier and the IA identifier to generate an octet, and obtaining a hash value according to the octet.
3. The IPv6 address and prefix allocation method according to claim 1, wherein the generating an address according to the hash value and the network prefix where the client is located includes, if the request packet of the client includes an address request, splicing a P bit of the network prefix where the client is located and a last 128-P bit of the hash value to obtain a 128-bit address.
4. The IPv6 address and prefix allocation method according to claim 3, further comprising parsing the identity federation option, determining a type of the identity federation option, and if the type of the identity federation option is temporary address identity federation or non-temporary address identity federation, determining that a request message of a client includes an address request, otherwise, not including an address request.
5. The IPv6 address and prefix allocation method according to claim 1, wherein the generating a prefix according to a specified client prefix range, length, and the hash value specifically includes, if a request packet of a client includes a prefix request, the specified client prefix range is m/p, the specified client prefix length is N, combining a front p bit of m and p +1 to N bits of the hash value into a prefix, and rear 128-N bits of the prefix are both 0; wherein m is the network prefix bound by the designated IPv6 address pool, and p is the network prefix length bound by the designated IPv6 address pool.
6. The IPv6 address and prefix allocation method according to claim 5, further comprising parsing the identity federation option, determining the type of the identity federation option, and if the type of the identity federation option is prefix proxy identity federation, determining that a request message of a client contains a prefix request, otherwise, not containing the prefix request.
7. The IPv6 address and prefix assignment method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the address or prefix is available includes determining whether the address or prefix is valid and free, and if so, determining that the address or prefix is available, otherwise, determining that the address or prefix is unavailable.
8. The IPv6 address and prefix assignment method of claim 1, wherein traversing the address pool addresses to find available addresses or prefixes specifically includes sequentially traversing the addresses or prefixes in the address pool, starting with the most recent address or prefix, to find valid and free addresses or prefixes.
9. An IPv6 address and prefix assignment arrangement, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by the processor, implements the IPv6 address and prefix assignment method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, the computer program, when executed by a processor, implementing the IPv6 address and prefix assignment method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN117040943B (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-12-26 | 华中科技大学 | Cloud network endophytic security defense method and device based on IPv6 address driving |
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| CN111787130B (en) | 2022-06-24 |
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