CN111786047A

CN111786047A - Automatic recovery device for lithium battery material

Info

Publication number: CN111786047A
Application number: CN202010765371.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 岳金锤; 秦海军; 方正飞
Original assignee: Manfred Intelligent Manufacturing Jiangsu Co ltd
Current assignee: Manfred Intelligent Manufacturing Jiangsu Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-03
Filing date: 2020-08-03
Publication date: 2020-10-16

Abstract

A automatic recovery unit for lithium battery material relates to the technical field that the lithium cell was retrieved. The automatic drying machine comprises a shearing part, an infiltration stripping part, a filtering and separation recovery part, a drying part and a drying part which are sequentially connected in series, wherein a spiral conveyor and an AGV conveying trolley are arranged among the parts. The unmanned automation of separating, filtering and recovering the high-temperature stripping solution containing the anode and cathode materials is realized; tail gas and volatile alkaline solution generated in the lithium battery material recovery process can be recovered, so that air pollution is avoided; repeatedly recycling the stripping solution of the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery; automatically cleaning and draining the residual materials, and properly cooling the high temperature generated by the reaction of the stripping solution; the labor intensity is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Automatic recovery device for lithium battery material

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery material recovery.

Background

In the process of recovering the lithium battery, firstly, the recovered lithium battery needs to be manually cut into blocks, the blocks are sequentially immersed into different strong-alkaline mixed solutions, the lithium battery reacts with the solutions, positive and negative electrode materials are promoted to be stripped from the block lithium battery (the negative electrode materials are mainly graphite, and the positive electrode materials are mainly lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate and lithium iron phosphate), and then corresponding filtration, separation, cleaning and spin-drying recovery processing are respectively carried out. Then the rest materials (mainly copper foil and aluminum foil) are cleaned and recycled (at present, the technology only stays in a laboratory and is not put into practical production).

Manually shredding, separating, filtering, drying and the like the lithium battery material. There are mainly the following problems:

a. when the lithium battery is manually cut, the battery is easy to catch fire, electrolyte can flow out to pollute the environment, personal safety is harmed, and the manual efficiency is low;

b. the stripping solution for the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery belongs to a strong alkaline solution, the battery blocks which are cut and shredded are manually placed into the strong alkaline solution and are easy to splash, so that the personal safety is damaged, in addition, the lithium battery contact solution reacts to generate trace hydrogen and high temperature, the hydrogen is flammable, the solution is volatilized into the air due to the high temperature, the air is polluted, and the personal safety is damaged;

c. after the battery is cut, the electrolyte can enter the solution and volatilize to the air along with the solution, so that the safety of a human body and the environmental pollution are greatly damaged.

d. The recovery of lithium cell needs to be through a plurality of steps such as shearing, washing, spin-drying, stoving, and it is big to pass through manual operation intensity of labour in the material transportation, and has certain potential safety hazard.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a recovery device for lithium battery materials and a process method thereof, which can realize unmanned automatic recovery of the lithium battery materials, improve the production efficiency and avoid environmental pollution.

An automatic recovery device for lithium battery materials comprises a shearing part, an infiltration stripping part, a filtering separation part, a spin-drying part and a drying part which are sequentially connected in series, wherein a screw conveyor and an AGV conveying trolley are arranged among the parts.

The shearing part comprises a horizontal conveyor, a skirt edge conveyor, a battery shearing and shredding machine, a bucket elevator and a crushed material storage box, wherein the output end of the horizontal conveyor is connected with the input end of the skirt edge conveyor, the output end of the skirt edge conveyor is connected with the input end of the battery shearing and shredding machine, the output end of the battery shearing and shredding machine is connected with the input end of the bucket elevator, and the output end of the bucket elevator is connected with the input end of the crushed material storage box.

The horizontal conveyor comprises a shearing part rack, an explosion-proof conveying motor, a corrosion-resistant conveying belt and a surrounding baffle mechanism, wherein the frame is provided with the explosion-proof conveying motor for driving the corrosion-resistant conveying belt, and the periphery of the corrosion-resistant conveying belt positioned on the upper part of the shearing part rack is provided with the surrounding baffle mechanism.

The skirt conveyor comprises supporting legs, a baffle, a supporting frame, an explosion-proof transmission motor, a feeding port and a corrosion-resistant transmission belt, wherein the transmission belt is clamped between the baffle, the transmission motor used for driving the transmission belt is arranged on the side wall of the baffle, the baffle is S-shaped, the lower part of the baffle, which is horizontally arranged, is provided with a plurality of supporting legs, the lower part of the baffle, which is longitudinally arranged, is provided with the supporting frame, the lower end of the supporting frame is provided with a plurality of supporting legs, and the connecting part of the baffle, which is horizontally arranged, and the.

The infiltration stripping part comprises a negative electrode material stripping reaction kettle, a positive electrode material infiltration reaction kettle, a positive electrode material stripping reaction kettle, a residual material cleaning box and a residual material draining box which are sequentially connected, wherein the negative electrode material stripping reaction kettle, the positive electrode material infiltration reaction kettle, the positive electrode material stripping reaction kettle, the residual material cleaning box and the residual material draining box respectively comprise a spiral roller arranged on a frame body, an upper cover is covered on the spiral roller, a spiral blade mechanism is arranged in the spiral roller, and one end of the spiral roller is provided with a roller discharge hole; two ends of the spiral roller are respectively provided with a transmission mechanism, and the two transmission mechanisms are connected with a speed regulating motor arranged on the frame body through transmission shafts; the spiral roller is provided with an upper end water inlet and a lower end water inlet respectively, the lower part of the spiral roller is provided with a water outlet, one side of the spiral roller is provided with a nitrogen injection port, and the upper end surface of the spiral roller is provided with an air exhaust port.

The filtering separation part comprises four settling tanks connected in parallel in sequence, namely a negative electrode material settling tank, a first positive electrode material settling tank, a second positive electrode material settling tank and a water replenishing tank, wherein the negative electrode material settling tank is used for filtering and separating negative electrode materials, the first positive electrode material settling tank is used for filtering and separating the positive electrode materials, the second positive electrode material settling tank is used for filtering and separating the positive electrode materials, and the water replenishing tank is used for replenishing water to the first three settling tanks.

The frame is retrieved including the separation to the setting of case that deposits in the separation recovery frame, and the up end of case that deposits sets up left end lid, right-hand member respectively, and left end lid, right-hand member are covered and are set up solution pump income pipeline, rabbling mechanism respectively, and the lower part that lies in solution pump income pipeline sets up feedstock channel, sets up a plurality of filter screen on the feedstock channel, and feedstock channel's end sets up and rabbling mechanism matched with separation screen.

The spin-drying part comprises three spin-drying barrels which are sequentially connected in parallel, and a negative electrode material spin-drying barrel, a first positive electrode material spin-drying barrel and a second positive electrode material spin-drying barrel are sequentially and respectively arranged, wherein the negative electrode material spin-drying barrel is used for cleaning and then drying the negative electrode material, and the first positive electrode material spin-drying barrel and the second positive electrode material spin-drying barrel are respectively used for cleaning and then drying the positive electrode material; every reation kettle sets up the box including the partial frame that spin-dries, and the upper portion of the partial frame that spin-dries sets up the box, and upper cover mechanism is arranged to the up end of box, and the inside of box sets up the mechanism that spin-dries, and the lateral wall of box sets up the inlet channel, and lower part one side of box sets up the delivery port, lies in the frame box center and sets up 1 discharge gate.

By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. the automation and unmanned recovery process of the waste batteries is realized, the recovery efficiency is about 40 times of that of manual operation, the safety of the recovery process is high, the personal safety is not damaged, and the environment is not polluted;

2. the automatic cutting and shredding of the battery and the stripping work station adopt corresponding measures to avoid combustion explosion and tail gas pollution to the environment, and the safety is higher;

3. the unmanned automation of the separation, filtration and recovery processes of the high-temperature stripping solution containing the anode and cathode materials is realized; tail gas and volatile alkaline solution generated in the lithium battery material recovery process can be recovered, so that air pollution is avoided;

4. the stripping solution of the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery is repeatedly reused, so that the resource utilization rate is improved; properly cooling the high temperature generated by the reaction of the stripping solution;

5. the labor intensity is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of a cutout portion of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a horizontal conveyor of the shearing section of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the skirt conveyor configuration of the shearing section of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a battery shear shredder of the shearing section of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the construction of a bucket elevator of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the scrap storage bin of the present invention with the shear portions cut away.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the wet-peeled portion of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of one side of a single reaction vessel of the wet stripping section of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the other side of a single reaction vessel for wet stripping according to the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the helical blade mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the separation and recovery section of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a single reaction vessel of the separation and recovery part of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the feeding path of the separation and recovery section of the present invention in cooperation with an agitation mechanism.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the structure of the spin-drying part of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single reactor according to the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of the spin-drying mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the structure of the stirring mechanism of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. a horizontal conveyor, 2, a skirt conveyor, 3, a battery shearing and shredding machine, 4, a bucket elevator, 5, a crushed material storage tank and 6, a negative electrode material stripping reaction kettle; 7. infiltrating the reaction kettle with the positive electrode material; 8. stripping the anode material from the reaction kettle; 9. a residual material cleaning tank; 10. draining the residual material; 11. the device comprises a negative electrode material settling tank, 12, a first positive electrode material settling tank, 13, a second positive electrode material settling tank, 14, a water replenishing tank and 15, a negative electrode material screw conveyor; 16. the device comprises a first positive material spiral conveyor, a second positive material spiral conveyor, a U-shaped horizontal conveyor, a negative material spin dryer, a first positive material spin dryer, a second positive material spin dryer, a material cleaning system and a spiral conveyor, wherein the first positive material spiral conveyor is 17, the second positive material spiral conveyor is 18, the U-shaped horizontal conveyor is 19, the negative material spin dryer is 20, the first positive material spin dryer, the second positive material spin dryer is 21; 24.AGV transport trolley, 25. drying line device, 26, helical blade mechanism, 28, water outlet, 29, wetting and stripping part level meter, 35, separating part frame, 36, settling box, 37, right upper cover, 38, roots blower, 39, tail gas recovery port, 41, drying part frame, 42, box, 43, upper cover mechanism, 44, drying part level meter, 45, side water pipe, 46, motor, 47, reinforcing rib, 48, water outlet, 49, weighing sensor, 111, shearing part frame, 112, transport motor, 113, conveyor belt, 114, enclosure mechanism, 121, support leg, 122, baffle, 123, support frame, 124, drive motor, 125, observation window, 126, feed port, 127, conveyor belt, 131, frame, 132, stair, 133, shredding motor, 134, plugging mechanism, 135, tail gas outlet, 136, nitrogen gas inlet, 137, shredder cavity, 141. the device comprises a feeding hopper, 142, a supporting part, 143, an access door, 144, an observation opening, 145, a lifting channel, 146, a lifting motor, 147, a discharging opening, 151, a supporting device, 152. a storage box body, 153. a material conveying motor, 154, an observation window, 155, a feeding opening, 156, a spiral conveying mechanism, 210, a temperature sensor, 211, a spiral roller, 212, a transmission mechanism, 213, a lower end water inlet, 214, a second observation window, 215, a nitrogen gas inlet, 216, an upper cover, 217, a transmission shaft, 222, a speed regulating motor, 223, an upper end water inlet, 224, a suction opening, 225, a first observation window, 310, a filter screen, 311, a separation screen, 312 and a solution pumping pipeline, 314 and a left upper cover; 321 water pumps, 322, a separated and recovered part liquid level meter 323, a stirring mechanism, 410, a spin dryer tube, 411, a spin dryer driving motor, 412, a discharge hole, 414, a brush, 415, a stirring mechanism, 416 and a rubber plug.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail in the following with the accompanying drawings:

as shown in figure 1, the automatic recovery device for all materials of the lithium battery and the process method thereof are characterized by comprising a shearing part, a soaking and stripping part, a filtering and separating part, a spin-drying part and a drying part which are sequentially connected in series, wherein a spiral conveyor and an AGV conveying trolley are arranged among the parts.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the shearing portion of the invention comprises a horizontal conveyor 1, a skirt conveyor 2, a battery shearing and shredding machine 3, a bucket elevator 4 and a crushed material storage box 5, wherein an output end of the horizontal conveyor 1 is connected with an input end of the skirt conveyor 2, an output end of the skirt conveyor 2 is connected with an input end of the battery shearing and shredding machine 3, an output end of the battery shearing and shredding machine 3 is connected with an input end of the bucket elevator 4, and an output end of the bucket elevator 4 is connected with an input end of the crushed material storage box 5.

As shown in fig. 3, the horizontal conveyor 1 of the present invention includes a frame 111, a conveying motor 112, a conveying belt 113, and a containment mechanism 114, wherein the conveying motor 112 for driving the conveying belt 113 is disposed on the frame 111, and the containment mechanism 114 is disposed on the outer periphery of the conveying belt 113 located on the upper portion of the frame 111.

As shown in fig. 4, the skirt conveyor 2 of the present invention includes supporting legs 121, a baffle 122, supporting legs 123, a driving motor 124, a feeding port 126, and a driving belt 127, wherein the driving belt 127 is clamped between the baffle 122, the driving motor 124 for driving the driving belt 127 is disposed on a side wall of the baffle 122, the baffle 122 is S-shaped, a plurality of supporting legs 121 are disposed at a lower portion of the horizontally arranged baffle, the supporting legs 123 are disposed at a lower portion of the longitudinally arranged baffle, a plurality of supporting legs are disposed at a lower end of the supporting legs 123, and the feeding port 126 is disposed at a connection portion between the horizontally arranged baffle and the longitudinally arranged baffle.

As shown in fig. 4, the baffle 122 of the present invention is provided with a viewing window 125.

As shown in fig. 5, the battery shearing and shredding machine 3 of the present invention includes a frame body 131, a shredding motor 133, a blocking mechanism 134, a tail gas outlet 135, a nitrogen gas injection port 136, and a shredding machine cavity 137, wherein the frame body 131 is respectively provided with the shredding machine cavity 137 and the shredding motor 133, a transmission shaft of the shredding motor 133 is connected with the shredding machine cavity 137, and the shredding machine cavity 137 is respectively provided with the blocking mechanism 134, the tail gas outlet 135, and the nitrogen gas injection port 136.

As shown in fig. 5, a staircase 132 is provided at one side of the frame body 131 of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 6, the bucket elevator 4 of the present invention includes an inlet hopper 141, a supporting member 142, a lifting channel 145, a lifting motor 146, and a discharge port 147, wherein the inlet hopper 141 and the lifting channel 145 are respectively disposed on the supporting member 142, the inlet hopper 141 is located at an inlet of the lifting channel 145, the discharge port 147 is disposed at an outlet of the lifting channel 145, and the lifting motor 146 is disposed at one side of the supporting member 142.

As shown in fig. 6, the side wall of the lifting passage 145 of the present invention is provided with a viewing port 144 and an access door 143 in this order from top to bottom.

As shown in fig. 7, the particle storage bin 5 of the present invention includes a supporting device 151, a storage bin 152, a material conveying motor 153, a material inlet 155, and a screw conveying mechanism 156, wherein the storage bin 152 is disposed on the upper portion of the supporting device 151, the material inlet 155 is disposed on the upper end surface of the storage bin 152, and the screw conveying mechanism 156 connected to an output shaft of the material conveying motor 153 is disposed on the lower portion of the storage bin 152.

As shown in fig. 7, the magazine 152 of the present invention is provided with a viewing window 154 on a side wall thereof.

According to the shearing part, firstly, waste batteries are conveyed to a skirt conveyor 2 by a horizontal conveyor 1, and the skirt conveyor 2 conveys the waste batteries to a battery shearing shredder 3; after a certain amount of the waste batteries are conveyed, the front-end conveying equipment stops running, the blocking mechanism 134 in the battery shearing and shredding machine 3 seals the shredding machine cavity 137, the nitrogen making machine injects nitrogen into the shredding machine cavity 137 from the nitrogen injection port 136, the oxygen content sensor detects the oxygen content in the shredding machine cavity 137, and after the oxygen content is determined to be lower than 7% (under the absolute flame retardant condition), the shredding machine starts to shear and shred the waste batteries; after the shredding is finished, the mixed gas in the box body is discharged to a waste gas treatment center through a tail gas outlet 135, after the waste gas is recovered, a plugging mechanism 134 is opened, the crushed materials fall into a bucket elevator, the bucket elevator 4 conveys the crushed materials into a crushed material storage box 5, and the steps are repeated in this way.

As shown in fig. 1, 8, and 11, the soaking and stripping part of the present invention includes a negative electrode material stripping reaction kettle 6, a positive electrode material soaking reaction kettle 7, a positive electrode material stripping reaction kettle 8, a residual material cleaning tank 8, and a residual material draining tank 10, which are connected in sequence, wherein the negative electrode material stripping reaction kettle 6, the positive electrode material soaking reaction kettle 7, the positive electrode material stripping reaction kettle 8, the residual material cleaning tank 9, and the residual material draining tank 10 respectively include a spiral drum 211 disposed on a frame body, an upper cover 216 is covered on the spiral drum 211, a spiral blade mechanism 26 is disposed inside the spiral drum, and one end of the spiral drum 211 is provided with a drum discharge port 221; two ends of the spiral roller 211 are respectively provided with a transmission mechanism 212, and the two transmission mechanisms 212 are connected with a speed regulating motor 222 arranged on the frame body through a transmission shaft 217; the spiral drum 211 is provided with an upper water inlet 223 and a lower water inlet 213, the lower part of the spiral drum 211 is provided with a water outlet 28, one side of the spiral drum 211 is provided with a nitrogen gas inlet 215, and the upper end surface of the spiral drum 211 is provided with an air exhaust port 224.

The adjustable speed motor 222 of the present invention is an explosion-proof type motor.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the first observation window 225 and the second observation window 214 are provided on both sides of the spiral drum 211 in the longitudinal direction in the single reaction vessel of the present invention. The working state in the reaction kettle can be observed conveniently and timely.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the immersion/peeling portion level meter 29 and the temperature sensor 210 are provided on the side wall of the spiral drum 211 in the single reaction vessel of the present invention. Be convenient for observe the reaction solution in the reation kettle, can in time solve the temperature transform condition in the reation kettle simultaneously, if reaction temperature is too high, in time cool down the processing.

When the infiltration stripping part is used, the method comprises the following steps:

s21, conveying the cut and shredded battery to a negative electrode material stripping reaction kettle 6;

s22, reacting the strong alkaline mixed stripping solution in the negative electrode material stripping reaction kettle 6 with the crushed battery, stripping the negative electrode material from the battery block, melting the negative electrode material into the solution, and keeping the solution in the reaction kettle, wherein the reaction in the reaction kettle generates trace hydrogen and high temperature, the solution is evaporated into the air at the high temperature, and the mixed gas is pumped out from an air pumping port at the upper part of the reaction kettle to a rear-end precipitation box for cooling and then is recovered to a tail gas treatment center;

s23, conveying the remaining crushed batteries to the next station by the spiral roller in the negative material stripping reaction kettle 6 to soak the positive material in the reaction kettle 7;

s24, the positive pole material soaks the mixed strong alkaline soakage solution in the reaction kettle 7 and the crushed aggregates battery contact to react, because of the particularity of the positive pole material, only trace materials of the positive pole material in the reaction kettle are stripped into the solution, most positive pole material is only soaked and loosened by the solution and only stripped in a small amount, and gas generated in the reaction kettle is exhausted to a settling tank from a gas extraction opening above the reaction kettle, cooled and recycled to a tail gas treatment center;

s25, conveying the remaining crushed aggregates battery to the anode material stripping reaction kettle 8 of the next station by the spiral roller in the anode material soaking reaction kettle 7;

s26, the strong-alkaline mixed stripping solution in the positive electrode material stripping reaction kettle 8 is contacted with the crushed battery to react, the positive electrode material is stripped from the battery block and is melted into the solution and is left in the positive electrode material stripping reaction kettle 3, and gas generated in the positive electrode material stripping reaction kettle 8 is discharged to a settling tank from a pumping hole above the reaction kettle and is cooled and then recycled to a tail gas treatment center;

s27, conveying the residual crushed aggregates battery to a residual material cleaning box 9 of the next station by a spiral roller in the anode material stripping reaction kettle 8;

and S28, after the anode and cathode materials are stripped, cleaning the surface of the residual materials, conveying the cleaned residual materials to a residual material draining box 10 for draining, and then spirally outputting the materials from the tail of the reaction kettle for next packaging and recycling.

The battery stripping process adopts full sealing, and avoids the gas generated by reaction, the solution steam evaporated at high temperature and the volatilized electrolyte from being discharged into the air to pollute the air. The labor intensity is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

The method comprises the steps of sequentially enabling cut and shredded crushed batteries to pass through a negative electrode material stripping reaction kettle, a positive electrode material soaking reaction kettle, a positive electrode material stripping reaction kettle, a residual material (copper foil and aluminum foil) cleaning box and a residual material (copper foil and aluminum foil) draining box, enabling solutions in the reaction kettles to respectively react with the crushed batteries, completing the procedures of recycling, cleaning, draining and the like of the positive and negative electrode materials, and performing reciprocating circulation in the above steps. The reaction in the reaction kettle generates trace hydrogen and high temperature, the solution is evaporated to the air at the high temperature, and the mixed gas is pumped out from a tail gas port at the upper part of the reaction kettle to a rear end precipitation box and is cooled and then recycled to a tail gas treatment center, so that the environmental pollution is avoided.

As shown in fig. 1 and 12, the filtering and separating part of the present invention includes four settling tanks connected in parallel in sequence, which are a negative electrode material settling tank 11, a first positive electrode material settling tank 12, a second positive electrode material settling tank 13, and a water replenishing tank 14, wherein the negative electrode material settling tank 11 is used for filtering and separating a negative electrode material, the first positive electrode material settling tank 12 is used for filtering and separating a positive electrode material, the second positive electrode material settling tank 13 is used for filtering and separating a positive electrode material, and the water replenishing tank 14 is used for replenishing water to the first three settling tanks.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the reaction kettle of the filtering and separating part of the present invention includes a separating and recovering frame 35, a settling tank 36 is disposed on the separating and recovering frame 35, a left end cap 314 and a right end cap 37 are disposed on the upper end surface of the settling tank 36, a solution pumping pipeline 312 and a stirring mechanism 323 are disposed on the left end cap 314 and the right end cap 37, a feeding channel is disposed at the lower part of the solution pumping pipeline 312, a plurality of filtering screens 310 are disposed on the feeding channel, and a separating screen 311 matched with the stirring mechanism 323 is disposed at the end of the feeding channel.

As shown in fig. 13, the end cover of the invention located at the upper part of the settling tank 36 is provided with an exhaust gas recovery port 39.

As shown in FIG. 13, the Roots blower 38 is provided on the housing 35 at the lower portion of the settling tank 36 in the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 13, the present invention provides a level gauge 322 on the side wall of the settling tank 36.

As shown in fig. 13, the solution pumping line 312 of the present invention has a feed end connected to a water pump 321.

When the filtering and separating part and the separating and recovering part of the filtering and separating part are used, the method comprises the following steps:

s31, sequentially feeding the solution containing the anode and cathode materials into each precipitation box 36 through a solution pumping pipeline 312;

s32, enabling the solution entering the settling tank 36 to pass through a feeding channel, filtering impurities by using a layer-by-layer filtering screen 10 in the feeding channel, and enabling the filtered solution to flow into a separating screen 311;

s3, filtering the anode material and the cathode material which pass through the separation screen, and allowing the solution to flow away through meshes to realize the filtering and separating functions;

and S4, conveying the filtered anode and cathode materials to the next station through a screw conveyor for spin-drying treatment.

The solution (containing positive and negative electrode materials which need to be recovered) passing through a front-stage reaction stripping box is pumped into a settling box through a water pump; filtering impurities such as debris and the like by the solution through a filtering screen, and enabling the filtered solution to flow into a bowl-shaped separating screen; because the meshes of the bowl-shaped screen are smaller, the anode and cathode materials are filtered out, and the filtered solution flows away through the meshes of the separation screen, so that the filtering and separating functions are realized; pumping the filtered solution into a front-stage reaction stripping box through a water pump; conveying the filtered positive and negative electrode materials to the next station through a screw conveyor for spin-drying treatment, and performing reciprocating circulation in the way.

As shown in fig. 1, 15 and 16, the spin drying part of the present invention comprises three spin drying barrels connected in parallel in sequence, namely, a negative electrode material spin drying barrel 19, a first positive electrode material spin drying barrel 20 and a second positive electrode material spin drying barrel 21, wherein the negative electrode material spin drying barrel 19 is used for spin drying the negative electrode material, and the first positive electrode material spin drying barrel 20 and the second positive electrode material spin drying barrel 21 are used for spin drying the positive electrode material; each spin-drying barrel comprises a spin-drying part frame 41, a box body 42 is arranged at the upper part of the spin-drying part frame 41, an upper cover mechanism 43 is arranged on the upper end surface of the box body 42, a spin-drying mechanism is arranged inside the box body 42, a water inlet pipeline 45 is arranged on the side wall of the box body 42, a water outlet 48 is arranged at the lower part of the box body 42, and a plurality of discharge holes are formed in the side wall of the box body 42 positioned on one side of the.

As shown in fig. 17, the spin drying mechanism of the present invention includes a spin drying tub 410 having a plurality of through holes uniformly arranged on the outer periphery thereof, a discharge hole 412 is formed at the lower portion of the spin drying tub 410, the spin drying tub 410 is connected to a spin drying driving motor 411, and a timer 413 connected to the spin drying driving motor 411 is disposed on the side wall of the spin drying tub 410.

As shown in fig. 18, the motor 46 penetrates through the upper cover mechanism 43, an output shaft of the motor 46 is connected with a stirring rod 415, the stirring rod 415 is located in the spin dryer tube 410, a plurality of brushes 414 are arranged on the periphery of the stirring rod 415, and a rubber plug 416 is arranged at one end of the stirring rod 415 away from the motor 46.

As shown in fig. 18, the motor 46 penetrates through the upper cover mechanism 43 of the present invention, an output shaft of the motor 46 is connected to a stirring rod 415, the stirring rod 415 is located in the spin dryer tube 410, a plurality of brushes 414 are disposed on an outer periphery of the stirring rod 415, and a rubber plug 416 is disposed at an end of the stirring rod 415 away from the motor 46.

As shown in fig. 16, each of the outlets of the present invention is provided with a load cell 49.

As shown in FIG. 16, the side wall of the container body 42 of the present invention is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs 47.

As shown in FIG. 16, the side wall of the cabinet 42 of the present invention is provided with a spin portion level gauge 44.

In the using process of the invention, the anode and cathode materials enter the spin dryer tube 410, the water supply system is opened to inject clean water into the spin dryer tube to clean the anode and cathode materials, sewage is discharged to the sewage treatment center after cleaning, the spin dryer tube 410 starts to work after the driving motor 411 is started, meanwhile, the motor 46 is started to drive the stirring rod 415 to work, the anode and cathode materials which are spun by the spin dryer tube 410 fall into the discharge hole, and the weighing sensor 49 is used for weighing the anode and cathode materials. The brushes 414 on the stirring rod 415 can stir the positive and negative electrode materials in the spin dryer tube 410, and the spin drying efficiency is improved.

The working process of the invention is as follows: the system comprises a horizontal conveyor, a skirt conveyor, a battery shredding and shearing machine, a bucket elevator, a crushed material buffer tank, a stripping reaction kettle, a settling tank, a spin dryer, an AGV conveying line and a drying line.

The specific working process of the invention is as follows:

(1) and the waste batteries are conveyed to the skirt conveyor by the horizontal conveyor, and the skirt conveyor conveys the waste batteries to the battery shredding and shearing machine.

(2) After a certain amount of the waste batteries are conveyed, the shredding cavity of the shearing machine is sealed by the middle inserting plate sealing mechanism of the shearing machine, the nitrogen making machine injects nitrogen into the cavity of the shearing machine from the nitrogen injection port, and after the oxygen content sensor detects that the oxygen content in the box body is lower than 7% (under the absolute flame retardant condition), the shredding machine begins to shred the waste batteries.

(3) And after the shredding is finished, the mixed gas in the box body is discharged to a waste gas treatment center through a tail gas recovery port.

(4) And after the waste gas is recovered, the inserting plate sealing mechanism is opened, the crushed materials fall into a bucket elevator, and the bucket elevator conveys the crushed materials into a storage box.

(5) And conveying the cut and shredded batteries from the crushed material buffer tank to a negative electrode material stripping reaction kettle through a spiral conveying mechanism.

(6) And the solution in the negative electrode material stripping reaction kettle reacts with the crushed battery, and the negative electrode material is stripped from the battery block and is blended into the solution and is left in the reaction kettle. The reaction in the reaction kettle generates trace hydrogen and high temperature, the solution is evaporated to the air at the high temperature, and the mixed gas is pumped out from a tail gas port at the upper part of the reaction kettle to a rear-end settling tank for cooling and then is recovered to a tail gas treatment center.

(7) And the roller screw mechanism in the negative electrode reaction kettle conveys the rest crushed aggregates batteries to the positive electrode reaction kettle of the next station.

(8) Solution in the positive electrode infiltration reaction kettle is contacted with the crushed aggregates to react, due to the particularity of the positive electrode material, the positive electrode material in the reaction kettle can be only stripped to the solution in a small amount, most of the positive electrode material is only infiltrated by the solution to be loosened but not stripped, and gas generated in the reaction kettle is exhausted to the settling tank from an air exhaust port above the reaction kettle and is cooled and then recovered to a tail gas treatment center.

(9) And the roller screw mechanism in the anode infiltration reaction kettle conveys the residual crushed aggregates to the anode stripping reaction kettle of the next station.

(10) And the solution in the anode stripping reaction kettle is contacted with the crushed battery to react, the anode material is stripped from the battery block and is blended into the solution and is left in the reaction kettle, and the gas generated in the reaction kettle is discharged to the settling tank from an air suction port above the reaction kettle and is cooled and then is recovered to a tail gas treatment center.

(11) And the roller screw mechanism in the anode stripping reaction kettle conveys the residual crushed aggregates to the next station for cleaning the residual materials in the reaction kettle.

(12) And after the anode and cathode materials are stripped, the surface of the residual material (aluminum foil and copper foil) is cleaned, the cleaned residual material is conveyed to a draining box for draining treatment, and then the residual material is spirally output from the tail part of the reaction kettle for next packaging and recycling treatment.

(13) And pumping the solution in the front-stage reaction stripping box into a settling box through a water pump, wherein the solution contains the anode and cathode materials which need to be recovered.

(14) And filtering impurities such as debris and the like by the solution through a filtering screen, and enabling the filtered solution to flow into a bowl-shaped filtering screen.

(15) And because the meshes of the bowl-shaped screen are smaller, the anode and cathode materials are filtered out, and the solution flows away through the meshes, so that the filtering function is realized.

(16) And pumping the filtered solution into a front-stage reaction stripping box through a water pump.

(17) And conveying the filtered positive and negative electrode materials to the next station through a screw conveyor for spin-drying treatment.

(18) And pumping the solution in the front-stage reaction stripping box into a settling box through a water pump, wherein the solution contains the anode and cathode materials which need to be recovered.

(19) And filtering impurities such as debris and the like by the solution through a filtering screen, and enabling the filtered solution to flow into a bowl-shaped filtering screen.

(20) And because the meshes of the bowl-shaped screen are smaller, the anode and cathode materials are filtered out, and the solution flows away through the meshes, so that the filtering function is realized.

(21) And pumping the filtered solution into a front-stage reaction stripping box through a water pump.

(22) And conveying the filtered positive and negative electrode materials to the next station through a screw conveyor for spin-drying and drying.

According to the invention, the U-shaped horizontal conveyor 18, the spiral conveyor 23 and the AGV conveying trolley are arranged among the shearing part, the soaking and stripping part, the separating and recovering part, the spin-drying part and the drying part, and are used for conveying and transferring the sheared broken batteries, the soaked and stripped anode and cathode materials, the separated and recovered anode and cathode materials, the cleaned and spin-dried anode and cathode materials and the like according to the size of a field, so that the unmanned automatic operation is realized, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the potential safety hazard in the production process is greatly reduced.

Claims

1. An automatic recovery device for lithium battery materials is characterized by comprising a shearing part, an infiltration stripping part, a filtering separation part, a drying part and a drying part which are sequentially connected in series, wherein a spiral conveyor and an AGV conveying trolley are arranged among the parts.

2. The automatic recycling device for lithium battery materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shearing portion comprises a horizontal conveyor (1), a skirt conveyor (2), a battery shearing shredder (3), a bucket elevator (4), and a scrap storage bin (5), the output end of the horizontal conveyor (1) is connected with the input end of the skirt conveyor (2), the output end of the skirt conveyor (2) is connected with the input end of the battery shearing shredder (3), the output end of the battery shearing shredder (3) is connected with the input end of the bucket elevator (4), and the output end of the bucket elevator (4) is connected with the input end of the scrap storage bin (5).

3. The automatic recycling device for lithium battery material according to claim 2, wherein the horizontal conveyor (1) comprises a cutting section frame (111), an explosion-proof type conveying motor (112), a corrosion-resistant conveying belt (113), and a blocking mechanism (114), the frame (111) is provided with the explosion-proof type conveying motor (112) for driving the conveying belt (113), and the blocking mechanism (114) is arranged on the periphery of the conveying belt (113) located at the upper part of the cutting section frame (111).

4. The automatic recovery device for lithium battery materials as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the skirt conveyor (2) comprises supporting legs (121), a baffle (122), a supporting frame (123), an explosion-proof transmission motor (124), a feeding port (126), and a corrosion-resistant transmission belt (127), the transmission belt (127) is clamped between the baffles (122), the transmission motor (124) for driving the transmission belt (127) is arranged on the side wall of the baffle (122), the baffle (122) is S-shaped, the lower part of the horizontally arranged baffle is provided with a plurality of supporting legs (121), the lower part of the longitudinally arranged baffle is provided with the supporting frame (123), the lower end of the supporting frame (123) is provided with a plurality of supporting legs, and the feeding port (126) is arranged at the joint of the horizontally arranged baffle and the longitudinally arranged baffle.

5. The automatic recovery device for lithium battery materials according to claim 1, wherein the soaking and stripping part comprises a negative electrode material stripping reaction kettle (6), a positive electrode material soaking reaction kettle (7), a positive electrode material stripping reaction kettle (8), a residual material cleaning box (8) and a residual material draining box (10) which are connected in sequence, the negative electrode material stripping reaction kettle (6), the positive electrode material soaking reaction kettle (7), the positive electrode material stripping reaction kettle (8), the residual material cleaning box (9) and the residual material draining box (10) respectively comprise a spiral roller (211) arranged on a frame body, an upper cover (216) is covered on the spiral roller (211), a spiral blade mechanism (26) is arranged in the spiral roller, and a roller discharge hole (221) is arranged at one end of the spiral roller (211); two ends of the spiral roller (211) are respectively provided with a transmission mechanism (212), and the two transmission mechanisms (212) are connected with a speed regulating motor (222) arranged on the frame body through a transmission shaft (217); an upper end water inlet (223) and a lower end water inlet (213) are respectively arranged on the spiral roller (211), a water outlet (28) is arranged at the lower part of the spiral roller (211), a nitrogen injection port (215) is arranged at one side of the spiral roller (211), and an air suction port (224) is arranged on the upper end surface of the spiral roller (211).

6. The automatic recycling device for lithium battery materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filtering and separating part comprises four settling tanks connected in parallel in sequence, namely a negative electrode material settling tank (11), a first positive electrode material settling tank (12), a second positive electrode material settling tank (13) and a water replenishing tank (14), the negative electrode material settling tank (11) is used for filtering and separating negative electrode materials, the first positive electrode material settling tank (12) is used for filtering and separating positive electrode materials, the second positive electrode material settling tank (13) is used for filtering and separating positive electrode materials, and the water replenishing tank (14) is used for replenishing water to the first three settling tanks.

7. The automatic recovery device for lithium battery materials as claimed in claim 6, wherein the reaction kettle comprises a separation and recovery frame (35), a precipitation box (36) is arranged on the separation and recovery frame (35), a left end cap (314) and a right end cap (37) are respectively arranged on the upper end surface of the precipitation box (36), a solution pumping pipeline (312) and a stirring mechanism (323) are respectively arranged on the left end cap (314) and the right end cap (37), a feeding channel is arranged at the lower part of the solution pumping pipeline (312), a plurality of filter screens (310) are arranged on the feeding channel, and a separation screen (311) matched with the stirring mechanism (323) is arranged at the tail end of the feeding channel.

8. The automatic recovery device for lithium battery materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spin dryer section comprises three spin dryer tubes connected in parallel in sequence, namely a cathode material spin dryer tube (19), a first anode material spin dryer tube (20) and a second anode material spin dryer tube (21), wherein the cathode material spin dryer tube (19) is used for spin drying the cathode material, and the first anode material spin dryer tube (20) and the second anode material spin dryer tube (21) are used for spin drying the anode material; each reaction kettle comprises a drying part rack (41), a box body (42) is arranged on the upper portion of the drying part rack (41), an upper cover mechanism (43) used for packaging is arranged on the upper end face of the box body (42), a drying mechanism is arranged inside the box body (42), a water inlet pipeline (45) is arranged on the side wall of the box body (42), a water outlet (48) is arranged on the lower portion of the box body (42), and a plurality of discharge holes are formed in the side wall of the box body (42) located on one side of the rack (41).

9. The automatic recovery apparatus for lithium battery material as claimed in claim 8, wherein the spin drying mechanism comprises a spin drying tub (410) having a plurality of through holes uniformly arranged on an outer circumference thereof, a discharge hole (412) is formed at a lower portion of the spin drying tub (410), and the spin drying tub (410) is connected to a spin drying driving motor (411).

10. The automatic recycling device for lithium battery materials as claimed in claim 8, wherein the motor (46) is inserted through the upper cover mechanism (43), the output shaft of the motor (46) is connected to the stirring rod (415), the stirring rod (415) is located in the spin dryer tube (410), a plurality of brushes (414) are arranged on the periphery of the stirring rod (415), and a rubber plug (416) is disposed at one end of the stirring rod (415) away from the motor (46).