CN111785899A - Lithium ion battery diaphragm and lithium ion battery containing same - Google Patents

Lithium ion battery diaphragm and lithium ion battery containing same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111785899A
CN111785899A CN202010695243.7A CN202010695243A CN111785899A CN 111785899 A CN111785899 A CN 111785899A CN 202010695243 A CN202010695243 A CN 202010695243A CN 111785899 A CN111785899 A CN 111785899A
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China
Prior art keywords
lithium ion
coating
ion battery
diaphragm
battery
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CN202010695243.7A
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Inventor
宋庆彬
孙玉龙
徐小明
白科
谢爱亮
查秀芳
陈富源
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Jiangxi ANC New Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Jiangxi ANC New Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202010695243.7A priority Critical patent/CN111785899A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium ion battery diaphragm and a lithium ion battery containing the same. The coating layer is intermittently coated on the substrate, the coating structure can be one of single-side coating or double-side coating, the coating interval distance is in gradient distribution, and the coating interval is matched with the size of the arc angle during winding. In the process of winding the battery core, the diaphragm coated intermittently can increase the content of effective substances of the positive electrode and the negative electrode in a proper amount, and can improve the capacity of the lithium battery when the battery with the same specification is prepared. The clearance of the diaphragm for the lithium ion battery can be compressed in the battery charging process, space is provided for the expansion of the negative pole piece, the pole piece is prevented from being folded, and the safety and the battery core capacity of the battery are improved.

Description

Lithium ion battery diaphragm and lithium ion battery containing same
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery processes, in particular to a lithium ion battery diaphragm and a lithium ion battery containing the same.
Background
A lithium ion battery is a secondary battery (rechargeable battery) that mainly operates by movement of lithium ions between a positive electrode and a negative electrode. In recent years, the application range of lithium ion batteries is more and more extensive, and lithium ion batteries are widely applied to energy storage power systems such as hydraulic power, firepower, wind power and solar power stations, and a plurality of fields such as electric tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric automobiles, military equipment and aerospace. At present, lithium batteries are gradually expanded to the fields of electric bicycles, electric automobiles and the like.
In the production and manufacturing process of the lithium ion battery, as a larger battery capacity is pursued in a limited space, the pole piece is compressed to the maximum extent, so that wrinkles are easily formed after the pole piece is wound into a battery cell. The surface of a naked battery cell is not flat, a diaphragm is damaged at a stress concentration position possibly, and the micro short circuit or the short circuit of the battery cell is caused, so that the wrinkle elimination becomes an important subject of research in various large fields in the current lithium ion battery industry under the condition of ensuring the capacity of the battery.
Chinese patent CN 210443615U discloses a lithium ion battery diaphragm and lithium ion battery containing the diaphragm, and its lithium ion battery diaphragm includes heat-resisting composite substrate layer, including the base film with set up in the coating on base film surface, the base film has a plurality of pores, adheres to in the pore and has modified polyolefin coating, and this heat-resisting one side sets up first organic glue coating, includes first complete coating district, check intermittent type coating district and the complete coating district of second in proper order from the top edge to the lower limb of base film. Compared with the prior art, the lithium ion battery roll core electrode piece has better bonding performance and size stability, can be fully infiltrated by electrolyte, reduces battery polarization, and does not solve the problem that the lithium ion battery roll core electrode piece is easy to wrinkle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the lithium ion battery diaphragm and the lithium ion battery containing the diaphragm are provided, the battery capacity is improved in a limited space, the phenomenon that a pole piece is easy to wrinkle after being wound is eliminated, and the battery safety is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
1. the utility model provides a lithium ion battery diaphragm, its characterized in that, lithium ion battery diaphragm includes substrate layer and coating, and the material of substrate layer is PP, PE, one of them materials such as PP and PE combined material, aramid fiber, non-woven fabrics, and the coating is aluminium oxide or boehmite.
Preferably, the coating layer is coated on the substrate layer by using a binder, and the coated structure is one of single-sided coating or double-sided coating.
Preferably, the coating layer is coated to a thickness of 1-5 um.
Preferably, the coating layer is coated on the substrate layer intermittently, the distance of the coating interval is in gradient distribution, and the coating interval is calculated according to the structure of the battery core pole piece and the number of layers of the winding core pole piece.
Preferably, the coating layer interval is matched with the arc angle of the winding core during winding, and the coating layer interval is increased along with the increase of the arc angle of the winding core.
Preferably, when the coating layers are coated on two sides, the spacing distances of the two sides are equal, and the coating layers coated up and down are ensured to be in one-to-one correspondence.
Preferably, the battery core of the lithium ion battery is formed by sequentially stacking a positive plate, a diaphragm and a negative plate and winding the positive plate, the diaphragm and the negative plate along the same direction, and the lithium ion battery is formed after injecting electrolyte, wherein the diaphragm is the lithium ion battery diaphragm in any one of claims 1 to 5.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the coating layer is intermittently coated on the substrate layer by one of a single-side coating method and a double-side coating method, and the coating intervals are in gradient distribution. The diaphragm is used for preparing a lithium ion battery, and the distance of gradient distribution is matched with the folding angle distance during winding in the process of winding the battery cell. The interval between the intermittently coated diaphragms can increase the effective matter content in the positive and negative electrodes properly and raise the discharge capacity of lithium cell in preparing cell of the same size. The diaphragm keeps heat resistance, and meanwhile, the lithium ion battery prepared by using the diaphragm can increase battery capacity, avoid the pole piece from wrinkling, and improve the safety of the battery.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view and a front view of a double-coated separator for a lithium ion battery of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view and a front view of a single-sided coated separator for a lithium ion battery of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an overall structure diagram of a lithium ion battery roll core according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a lithium ion battery winding core according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1. the coating structure comprises a base material layer, 2, a coating layer, 3, a coating layer coating interval, 4, a lower coating layer during double-layer coating, 5, a diaphragm, 6, a negative plate, 7 and a positive plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
Preparing a positive plate: manufacturing a positive plate: lithium iron phosphate (positive electrode active material), conductive carbon black (conductive agent), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and NMP were mixed in a ratio of 97.5: 1.3: 1.2: 80 to obtain the anode slurry. And (3) uniformly coating the slurry on an aluminum foil in sequence, controlling the coating speed, and drying, rolling and rolling to obtain the positive plate.
And (3) manufacturing a negative plate: artificial graphite (negative electrode active material), conductive carbon black (conductive agent), SBR, and deionized water were mixed in a ratio of 97: 1: 2: 90 to obtain the cathode slurry. And (3) uniformly coating the slurry on the copper foil in sequence, controlling the coating speed, and drying, rolling and rolling to obtain the negative plate.
Preparing a diaphragm: the diaphragm selects a coating layer which is coated on one side and distributed at intervals in a gradient manner, and the thickness of the coating layer is 2 um.
Preparing a lithium battery: winding the positive plate, the diaphragm and the negative plate into a battery cell, wherein the diaphragm is positioned between the positive plate and the negative plate, the positive electrode is led out by spot welding of an aluminum tab, and the negative electrode is led out by spot welding of a nickel tab; and then, placing the battery core in an aluminum shell, injecting the electrolyte, and carrying out processes such as packaging, formation, capacity and the like to prepare the lithium ion battery.
Example 2
Different from example 1, preparation of the separator:
the diaphragm selects a coating layer which is coated on one side and distributed at intervals in a gradient manner, and the thickness of the coating layer is 3 um.
The rest of the process is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the description thereof is omitted.
Example 3
Different from example 1, preparation of the separator:
the diaphragm selects a coating layer which is coated on one side and distributed at intervals in a gradient manner, and the thickness of the coating layer is 4 um.
The rest of the process is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the description thereof is omitted.
Example 4
Different from example 1, preparation of the separator:
the diaphragm selects the coating layer of two-sided coating and gradient interval distribution, and the coating layer thickness is 2 um.
The rest of the process is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the description thereof is omitted.
Example 5
Different from example 1, preparation of the separator:
the diaphragm selects the coating layer of two-sided coating and gradient interval distribution, and the coating layer thickness is 3 um.
The rest of the process is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the description thereof is omitted.
Example 6
Different from example 1, preparation of the separator:
the diaphragm selects the coating layer of two-sided coating and gradient interval distribution, and the coating layer thickness is 4 um.
The rest of the process is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the description thereof is omitted.
Comparative example 1
Different from example 1, preparation of the separator:
the diaphragm selects a coating layer with a single surface coated completely, and the thickness of the coating layer is 2 um.
The rest of the process is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the description thereof is omitted.
Comparative example 2
Different from example 1, preparation of the separator:
the diaphragm selects a coating layer with a single surface coated completely, and the thickness of the coating layer is 3 um.
The rest of the process is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the description thereof is omitted.
Comparative example 3
Different from example 1, preparation of the separator:
the diaphragm adopts a coating layer with a single surface coated completely, and the thickness of the coating layer is 4 um.
The rest of the process is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the description thereof is omitted.
Comparative example 4
Different from example 1, preparation of the separator:
the diaphragm selects a coating layer with double-sided full coating, and the thickness of the coating layer is 2 um.
The rest of the process is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the description thereof is omitted.
Comparative example 5
Different from example 1, preparation of the separator:
the diaphragm selects a coating layer with full coating on both sides, and the thickness of the coating layer is 3 um.
The rest of the process is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the description thereof is omitted.
Comparative example 6
Different from example 1, preparation of the separator:
the diaphragm selects a coating layer with two fully coated surfaces, and the thickness of the coating layer is 4 um.
The rest of the process is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the description thereof is omitted.
The lithium ion batteries prepared in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were subjected to the following performance tests: air permeability: gurley value of membrane tested by EGO-1 type air permeameter
Room temperature discharge capacity: full charge of accumulator with 1I1And (4) discharging until the discharge termination voltage is cut off, repeating for 5 times, and if the range of the test results of 3 continuous times is less than 3% of the rated capacity, finishing the test in advance and taking the average value of the test results of the last three times.
Normal temperature charge retention and capacity recovery capacity: the lithium ion battery module is fully charged, stored at room temperature for 28 days, and then stored at 1I1Discharging until the voltage of any single storage battery reaches the discharge termination voltage, the charge retention rate is not lower than 85% of the initial capacity, and recharging with 1I1Discharging until the voltage of any single storage battery reaches the discharge termination voltage.
And (4) after the battery is disassembled, observing whether the pole piece is wrinkled or not.
The results of the above tests are shown in table 1.
Table 1 results of performance testing
Figure BDA0002590790980000061
In summary, the following steps: according to the lithium ion battery diaphragm and the lithium ion battery containing the same, provided by the invention, the normal-temperature capacity of the battery in the embodiment is obviously larger than that of a comparative example, and the charge retention rate and the capacity recovery rate of the battery are not greatly different. The Gurley values of the reaction gas permeability of the lithium ion battery separator in the examples are all smaller than those in the comparative examples, and it is seen that the Gurley values play a great role in reducing the internal resistance of the lithium ion battery. After the batteries are disassembled, the lithium ion batteries in the embodiment have no folds, and the lithium ion batteries in the comparative example have folds, so that the diaphragm has a certain improvement effect on the safety performance of the lithium ion batteries.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a lithium ion battery diaphragm, its characterized in that, lithium ion battery diaphragm includes substrate layer and coating, the material of substrate layer is one of them such as PP, PE, PP and PE combined material, aramid fiber, non-woven fabrics, the coating is one of them of aluminium oxide or boehmite.
2. The lithium ion battery separator according to claim 1, wherein the coating layer is coated on the substrate layer with an adhesive, and the coated structure is one of single-sided coating or double-sided coating.
3. The lithium ion battery separator according to claim 1, wherein the coating layer is applied to a thickness of 1-5 um.
4. The lithium ion battery separator according to claim 1, wherein the coating layer is intermittently coated on the substrate layer, the coating intervals are in gradient circulation distribution, and the coating intervals correspond to the number of layers of the core pole pieces according to the structure of the core pole pieces.
5. The lithium ion battery separator according to claim 1, wherein the coating layer pitch is matched with the arc angle of a winding core during winding, and the coating layer pitch increases as the arc angle of the winding core increases.
6. The lithium ion battery separator according to claim 3, wherein when the coating layers are coated on both sides, the coating intervals between the upper and lower coating layers are equal, so that the upper and lower coating layers are in one-to-one correspondence.
7. A lithium ion battery is characterized in that a battery core of the lithium ion battery is formed by sequentially stacking a positive plate, a diaphragm and a negative plate and winding the positive plate, the diaphragm and the negative plate along the same direction, the lithium ion battery is formed after electrolyte is injected, and the diaphragm is the lithium ion battery diaphragm in any one of claims 1 to 6.
CN202010695243.7A 2020-07-19 2020-07-19 Lithium ion battery diaphragm and lithium ion battery containing same Pending CN111785899A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114122529A (en) * 2021-10-21 2022-03-01 苏州宇量电池有限公司 Preparation process of coiled square lithium ion battery
CN115332478A (en) * 2022-09-16 2022-11-11 江苏正力新能电池技术有限公司 Pole piece, pole piece coating method and equipment

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN204680713U (en) * 2015-04-22 2015-09-30 东莞市魔方新能源科技有限公司 A kind of barrier film for lithium rechargeable battery and the battery containing this barrier film
CN205846147U (en) * 2016-07-05 2016-12-28 东莞市卓高电子科技有限公司 On-deformable lithium battery electric core
CN208674245U (en) * 2018-10-22 2019-03-29 江苏卓高新材料科技有限公司 A kind of new type lithium ion battery diaphragm
CN208674249U (en) * 2018-10-22 2019-03-29 江苏卓高新材料科技有限公司 A kind of multiple coating diaphragm
CN208955083U (en) * 2018-10-22 2019-06-07 江苏卓高新材料科技有限公司 A kind of ceramics band coating diaphragm
CN212625950U (en) * 2020-07-19 2021-02-26 江西安驰新能源科技有限公司 Lithium ion battery diaphragm and lithium ion battery containing same

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN204680713U (en) * 2015-04-22 2015-09-30 东莞市魔方新能源科技有限公司 A kind of barrier film for lithium rechargeable battery and the battery containing this barrier film
CN205846147U (en) * 2016-07-05 2016-12-28 东莞市卓高电子科技有限公司 On-deformable lithium battery electric core
CN208674245U (en) * 2018-10-22 2019-03-29 江苏卓高新材料科技有限公司 A kind of new type lithium ion battery diaphragm
CN208674249U (en) * 2018-10-22 2019-03-29 江苏卓高新材料科技有限公司 A kind of multiple coating diaphragm
CN208955083U (en) * 2018-10-22 2019-06-07 江苏卓高新材料科技有限公司 A kind of ceramics band coating diaphragm
CN212625950U (en) * 2020-07-19 2021-02-26 江西安驰新能源科技有限公司 Lithium ion battery diaphragm and lithium ion battery containing same

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114122529A (en) * 2021-10-21 2022-03-01 苏州宇量电池有限公司 Preparation process of coiled square lithium ion battery
CN115332478A (en) * 2022-09-16 2022-11-11 江苏正力新能电池技术有限公司 Pole piece, pole piece coating method and equipment

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