CN111781453B - Fault moment-based direct current system commutation failure risk assessment method - Google Patents

Fault moment-based direct current system commutation failure risk assessment method Download PDF

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CN111781453B
CN111781453B CN202010634607.0A CN202010634607A CN111781453B CN 111781453 B CN111781453 B CN 111781453B CN 202010634607 A CN202010634607 A CN 202010634607A CN 111781453 B CN111781453 B CN 111781453B
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CN111781453A (en
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党杰
徐友平
王斌
李小平
潘晓杰
王莹
汤奕
张慕婕
张三洪
杨丹
周悦
刘静
李刚
饶渝泽
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Southeast University
Central China Grid Co Ltd
State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
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Central China Grid Co Ltd
State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a direct current system commutation failure risk assessment method based on fault time aiming at an alternating current-direct current interconnection system. The method firstly analyzes the influence of each subharmonic on the commutation phase voltage-time area, and further calculates the additional commutation phase voltage-time area of the harmonic whole; from the practical engineering angle, defining the influence coefficient of n-th harmonic according to the characteristics that the higher the harmonic frequency is and the smaller the corresponding harmonic content is, and taking the influence coefficient of 2-th harmonic as the key index of the additional commutation voltage-time area; and finally, evaluating the risk of commutation failure through the mapping relation between the fault moment and the key indexes. The method can effectively evaluate the risk of the commutation failure, reflects the influence of the fault moment on the commutation failure of the direct-current system, and is beneficial to the safe, stable and efficient operation of the power grid.

Description

Fault moment-based direct current system commutation failure risk assessment method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of situation perception of direct current commutation failure in the technical field of electric power, in particular to a fault moment-based direct current system commutation failure risk assessment method.
Background
The direct current transmission technology based on the thyristor is widely applied to practical engineering due to the advantages of large capacity and long-distance transmission. Typical multi-feed-in direct current systems are formed in load center areas such as east China and south China, wherein 11 loops of direct current are fed in by east China as far as 2018, and the intensive access of the direct current brings new challenges to the safe and stable operation of a power system while effectively relieving the power utilization pressure, wherein the failure of direct current commutation is an important challenge. The phase commutation failure can cause the reduction of direct current transmission power, and even cause continuous phase commutation failure to cause more serious faults such as direct current blocking and the like under the condition of serious faults.
The commutation bus voltage amplitude is generally adopted in engineering to evaluate the commutation failure risk, but the evaluation method treats the commutation voltage as a fundamental wave, and in fact, the commutation voltage contains a larger harmonic component during the fault. The fault moment can influence the harmonic initial phase, and further influence the commutation process. Therefore, the influence of the fault moment on the commutation failure of the direct current system is researched, and the method has an important function of making and taking control and protection measures in time. However, a practical quantitative evaluation method is still lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a fault-time-based direct current system commutation failure risk assessment method, which includes analyzing the influence of each subharmonic on the commutation phase voltage-time area, and further calculating the additional commutation voltage-time area of the whole harmonic; from the practical engineering angle, defining the influence coefficient of n-th harmonic according to the characteristics that the higher the harmonic frequency is and the smaller the corresponding harmonic content is, and taking the influence coefficient of 2-th harmonic as the key index of the additional commutation voltage-time area; and finally, evaluating the risk of commutation failure through the mapping relation between the fault moment and the key indexes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a failure-time-based commutation failure risk assessment method for a direct-current system comprises the following steps:
(1) analyzing the influence of each harmonic on the phase-voltage-time area of the phase-voltage exchange;
(2) calculating the additional commutation voltage-time area of the whole harmonic;
(3) extracting a key index of additional commutation voltage-time area for measuring commutation failure risk;
(4) and calculating the value of the key index according to the fault moment, and evaluating the commutation failure risk.
Further, the influence of each harmonic in step (1) on the voltage-time area of the commutation phase is specifically expressed by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002569933190000021
Wherein S is n Representing the commutation voltage-time area of the nth harmonic, E n 、
Figure BDA0002569933190000022
Respectively representing the amplitude and phase of each harmonic, omega being 100 pi (rad/s) representing the angular velocity of the fundamental frequency of the system, and the upper and lower limits of integration being the commutation starting time t β And the commutation end time t γ ；
Change the integration interval from (t) β ,t γ ) Is transformed into
Figure BDA0002569933190000023
S n Represented by the formula:
Figure BDA0002569933190000024
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002569933190000025
μ＝ω(t γ -t β ) Indicating the commutation overlap angle.
Further, the failure of phase commutation in step (2) refers to a phenomenon that when two valves of the converter perform phase commutation, a valve which is out of conduction in the phase commutation process fails to recover blocking capability in time under the action of a reverse voltage, or the phase commutation process fails to end during the action of the reverse voltage, so that the valve which is turned off is turned on again under the action of the forward voltage.
Further, the commutation failure fault is identified by the following formula:
γ＜γ min
wherein γ ═ ω (t) 0 -t β ) Indicating the valve extinction angle, t 0 Is the zero crossing time of the commutation voltage; gamma ray min Indicating the valve intrinsic limit extinction angle.
Further, the integral additional commutation voltage-time area of the harmonic in the step (2) is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002569933190000026
further, the key index of the additional commutation voltage-time area for measuring the commutation failure risk in the step (3) is extracted through the following process:
Define index n The influence coefficient of the nth harmonic component is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002569933190000027
therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
Figure BDA0002569933190000028
index when the harmonic frequency n is small n The following approximation is made:
Figure BDA0002569933190000031
known from the above equation, index n And
Figure BDA0002569933190000032
approximately in a trigonometric function distribution with the amplitude value of
Figure BDA0002569933190000033
Since the higher the number of harmonics, the fast attenuation of the harmonic content, Δ S is approximated by S 2 Determine, i.e. from index 2 And (6) determining.
Further, when index 2 At the minimum, the commutation failure risk was considered to be the highest.
Further, the step (4) is specifically realized by the following steps:
(41) establishing a fault time and
Figure BDA0002569933190000034
the mapping relationship between:
Figure BDA0002569933190000035
wherein the function represents the initial phase of the fault time t _ fault and the 2 nd harmonic component
Figure BDA0002569933190000036
Functional relationship between;
(42) calculating a key index 2 ：
Figure BDA0002569933190000037
(43) Assessing commutation failure risk:
index 2 if the harmonic component is more than 0, the fault harmonic component is beneficial to the commutation process, and the commutation failure risk is lower when the numerical value is larger;
index 2 < 0 indicates that the harmonic component of the fault is in phase commutationThe process is unfavorable, and the smaller the number, the higher the risk of commutation failure.
Further, in the step (42), when the dc system is in steady operation, the extinction angle γ ═ pi- ω t γ Pi/12, trigger advance angle beta pi- ω t β ≈0.211π，index 2 Written approximately as:
Figure BDA0002569933190000038
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
The invention provides a fault moment-based direct-current system commutation failure risk assessment method for an alternating-current and direct-current interconnection system, which can effectively assess the commutation failure risk, reflect the influence of the fault moment on the commutation failure of the direct-current system, and is beneficial to the safe, stable and efficient operation of a power grid.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating a commutation failure risk of a dc system based on a fault time according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, and it should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for evaluating a risk of commutation failure of a dc system based on a fault time provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
step S1: analyzing the influence of each harmonic on the phase-voltage-time area of the phase-voltage switching, and concretely showing that:
Figure BDA0002569933190000041
wherein S is n Representing the commutation voltage-time area of the nth harmonic, E n 、
Figure BDA0002569933190000042
Respectively representing the amplitude and phase of each harmonic, omega being 100 pi (rad/s) representing the angular velocity of the fundamental frequency of the system, and the upper and lower limits of integration being the commutation starting time t β And the commutation end time t γ ；
Change the integration interval from (t) β ,t γ ) Is transformed into
Figure BDA0002569933190000043
S n Can be represented by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002569933190000044
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002569933190000045
μ＝ω(t γ -t β ) Indicating the commutation overlap angle.
Step S2: calculating the integral additional commutation voltage-time area Delta S of the harmonic wave by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002569933190000046
step S3: extracting a key index of additional commutation voltage-time area for measuring commutation failure risk;
the failure fault of commutation refers to the phenomenon that when two valves of the converter carry out commutation, the valve which is out of conduction in the commutation process cannot restore the blocking capability in time under the action of reverse voltage, or the commutation process cannot be finished in the reverse voltage action period, so that the valve which is turned off is conducted again under the action of forward voltage. Specifically, the following equation can be used for discrimination:
γ＜γ min
wherein γ ═ ω (t) 0 -t β ) Indicating the valve extinction angle, t 0 Is the zero crossing time of the commutation voltage; gamma ray min Indicating the inherent extreme extinction angle of the valve, is generally related to the inherent characteristics of the valve.
Extracting a key index of additional commutation voltage-time area for measuring commutation failure risk, wherein the specific implementation process comprises the following steps:
define index n The influence coefficient of the nth harmonic component can be calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002569933190000051
therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
Figure BDA0002569933190000052
index when the harmonic frequency n is small n The following approximation can be made:
Figure BDA0002569933190000053
as shown in the above formula, index n And
Figure BDA0002569933190000054
approximately in a trigonometric function distribution with the amplitude value of
Figure BDA0002569933190000055
Since the higher the number of harmonics, the faster the harmonic content will decay, Δ S can be approximated as being represented by S 2 Determine, i.e. by index 2 And (6) determining. When index 2 At the minimum, the commutation failure risk was considered to be the highest.
Step S4: calculating the value of a key index according to the fault moment, and evaluating the commutation failure risk, wherein the specific implementation process comprises the following steps:
(41) establishing a fault time and
Figure BDA0002569933190000056
the mapping relationship between:
Figure BDA0002569933190000057
wherein the function represents the initial phase of the fault time t _ fault and the 2 nd harmonic component
Figure BDA0002569933190000058
Functional relationship between; the mapping can be obtained by fitting off-line simulation data, and the result is an expression form of a linear function;
(42) calculating a key index 2 ：
Figure BDA0002569933190000059
When a general direct current system operates in a steady state, the extinction angle gamma is pi- ω t γ Pi/12, trigger advance angle beta pi- ω t β 0.211 π, hence index 2 Can be written approximately as:
Figure BDA00025699331900000510
(43) assessing commutation failure risk:
index 2 if the harmonic component is more than 0, the fault harmonic component is beneficial to the commutation process, and the commutation failure risk is lower when the numerical value is larger;
index 2 and < 0 indicates that the fault harmonic component is unfavorable to the commutation process, and the smaller the value, the higher the risk of commutation failure.
The technical means disclosed in the invention scheme are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include the technical scheme formed by any combination of the above technical features. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A failure-time-based commutation failure risk assessment method for a direct-current system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) analyzing the influence of each harmonic on the phase voltage-time area of the phase-change voltage;
(2) calculating the additional commutation voltage-time area of the whole harmonic;
(3) extracting a key index of additional commutation voltage-time area for measuring commutation failure risk; the key index of the additional commutation voltage-time area for measuring the commutation failure risk is extracted by the following process:
define index n The influence coefficient of the n-th harmonic component is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0003640715340000011
therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
Figure FDA0003640715340000012
E n 、
Figure FDA0003640715340000013
respectively representing the amplitude and phase of each harmonic, ω -100 π rad/s representing the angular velocity of the fundamental frequency of the system,
Figure FDA0003640715340000014
μ＝ω(t γ -t β ) Representing the commutation overlap angle, t β For the start of commutation, t γ Is the commutation end time;
since the higher the number of harmonics, the faster the harmonic content will decay, Δ S is approximated by S 2 Determine, i.e. by index 2 Determining;
(4) calculating the value of a key index according to the fault moment, and evaluating the commutation failure risk; the specific implementation process is as follows:
(41) establishing a fault time and
Figure FDA0003640715340000015
the mapping relationship between:
Figure FDA0003640715340000016
wherein the function represents the initial phase of the fault time t _ fault and the 2 nd harmonic component
Figure FDA0003640715340000017
A functional relationship therebetween;
(42) calculating a key index 2 ：
Figure FDA0003640715340000018
(43) Assessing commutation failure risk:
index 2 if the harmonic component is more than 0, the fault harmonic component is beneficial to the commutation process, and the commutation failure risk is lower when the numerical value is larger;
index 2 and < 0 indicates that the fault harmonic component is unfavorable to the commutation process, and the smaller the value, the higher the risk of commutation failure.
2. The fault moment-based direct current system commutation failure risk assessment method according to claim 1, wherein the influence of each harmonic in step (1) on the commutation voltage-time area is specifically expressed by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003640715340000019
wherein S is n Representing the commutation voltage-time area of the nth harmonic, E n 、
Figure FDA0003640715340000021
Respectively representing the amplitude and the phase of each harmonic, wherein omega is 100 pi rad/s to represent the angular speed of the fundamental frequency of the system, and the upper limit and the lower limit of the integral are respectively the commutation starting time t β And the commutation end time t γ ；
Change the integration interval from (t) β ,t γ ) Is transformed into
Figure FDA0003640715340000022
S n Represented by the formula:
Figure FDA0003640715340000023
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003640715340000024
μ＝ω(t γ -t β ) Indicating the commutation overlap angle.
3. The method for evaluating the risk of commutation failure of the dc system according to claim 1, wherein the commutation failure is a phenomenon that when two valves of the converter perform commutation, a valve that is out of conduction in a commutation process fails to recover blocking capability in time under the action of a reverse voltage, or a commutation process fails to end during the action of a reverse voltage, so that a valve that is turned off is turned back on under the action of a forward voltage.
4. The fault-time-based commutation failure risk assessment method for a direct current system according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the commutation failure is determined by the following formula:
γ＜γ min
wherein γ ═ ω (t) 0 -t β ) Indicating the valve extinction angle, t 0 Is the zero crossing time of the commutation voltage; gamma ray min Indicating the valve intrinsic limit extinction angle.
5. The fault moment-based commutation failure risk assessment method for a direct current system according to claim 1, wherein the additional commutation voltage-time area of the harmonic in the step (2) is calculated by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003640715340000025
6. the method for evaluating commutation failure risk of a DC system according to claim 1, wherein when index is used as the index 2 At the minimum, the commutation failure risk was considered highest.
7. The method for evaluating commutation failure risk of a dc system according to claim 1, wherein in the step (42), when the dc system is in steady operation, the extinction angle γ ═ pi- ω t γ Pi/12, trigger advance angle beta pi- ω t β ≈0.211π，index 2 Written approximately as:
Figure FDA0003640715340000031
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