CN111779399B - Rail vehicle loading door - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a loading door of a railway vehicle, which comprises door leaves, traction drive locking mechanisms, guide rails and door frames, wherein the guide rails are arranged on the door frames at the left side and the right side, rollers at the two sides of the door leaves are embedded into the guide rails, the door leaves are formed by horizontally hinging the door leaves, the top of the door frame is provided with the traction drive locking mechanisms, and the traction drive locking mechanisms are used for controlling the door leaves to lift along the guide rails and locking the door leaves. The opening degree of the flap door can reach more than 3 meters, the flap door can adapt to the operation speed of 350km/h, is required to bear the load of 8000Pa pressure, has good water tightness, has a simple structure, is convenient to operate, occupies small space in a vehicle, and ensures the safety and the reliability of a door system.

Description

Rail vehicle loading door

Technical Field

The invention relates to a loading door, in particular to a loading door of a railway vehicle.

Background

The existing door system is difficult to completely meet the requirements of a freight motor train unit on the door system, and has the defects of poor bearing capacity, poor water tightness, low safety reliability and the like. If the opening degree is smaller, the automated loading and unloading machine cannot get on the vehicle to carry out loading and unloading operation, and the cargo loading and unloading efficiency is lower.

If a sliding door or an inner plug sliding door is adopted, the opening degree can be quite large, but the two doors either occupy more space in the side wall, so that the effective use volume of cargoes in the vehicle is reduced, or the vehicle body can be protruded, and larger noise is generated when the train runs at a high speed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide the rail vehicle loading door which has the advantages of high bearing capacity, good water tightness, simple structure, convenience in operation, small occupied space and safety and reliability.

The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a loading door of a railway vehicle, which comprises a door leaf, a traction driving locking mechanism, guide rails and door frames, wherein the door frames on the left side and the right side are provided with the guide rails, rollers on the two sides of the door leaf are embedded into the guide rails, the door leaf is formed by horizontally hinging the door leaves, the top of the door frame is provided with the traction driving locking mechanism, and the traction driving locking mechanism is used for controlling the door leaf to lift along the guide rails and locking a flap door.

When the door is opened and closed, the rollers at two sides of the door leaf move up and down in the guide rail, and the door leaf also moves up and down along the guide rail. Due to the special structure form of the flap door, all door panels are close to the vertical state when the flap door is in the closed state. When in the open position, all the door panels are in a nearly horizontal state. In the process of the door leaf from the vertical closing state to the horizontal opening state, each door leaf sequentially enters the roof, and the vertical movement is gradually converted into the horizontal movement.

Further, the door leaf comprises door plates, roller assemblies, lock forks, roller buffers and hinges, and the roller assemblies, the roller buffers and the hinges are arranged on two sides of each door plate; the hinge is used for connecting two door plates, and the roller assembly and the roller buffer are arranged on the same side or different sides of the hinge. Two sides of the inner side of the door plate are provided with steel wire rope chucks, and a lower slide bar is arranged below the door plate. The door panel main body is composed of side aluminum profiles, aluminum honeycomb, an inner skin, an outer skin, an upper hinge aluminum profile and a lower hinge aluminum profile.

The hinge comprises a hinge plate, a hinge shaft and a self-lubricating bearing, wherein in order to compensate parallelism errors of guide rails on two sides, a universal wheel shaft of the roller assembly penetrates through the hinge shaft and can freely axially float in the hinge shaft, the roller adopts the self-lubricating joint bearing, installation and manufacturing errors of the guide rails can be well adapted, an inner ring of the roller joint bearing is made of self-lubricating materials of IGUS, and the inner ring of the material and the roller shaft are matched to form a sliding rotary friction pair, so that the roller is dust-resistant, water-resistant and oil-resistant. Can bear high axial and radial loads. The outer ring of the roller knuckle bearing is made of stainless steel, has higher wear resistance and hardness, and is suitable for being used in a steel guide rail.

To prevent misalignment of the rails from damaging the roller assembly. Therefore, the universal wheel shaft can axially float in the hinge shaft, but the door leaf does not have enough supporting force along the length direction of the vehicle, so that in the running process of the vehicle, the shaking of the door leaf is inconsistent with the shaking of the vehicle, the door leaf collides with the door frame and other parts, noise is generated, the roller is required to be abutted against the guide rail, the door leaf exerts a supporting force on the universal wheel shaft, the supporting force F is required to be larger than the force F1 generated by the shaking acceleration of the vehicle on the door leaf, and meanwhile, the supporting force F is required to be smaller than the maximum load F2 born by the universal wheel of the universal wheel shaft, so that the supporting force born by the door leaf along the length direction of the vehicle is enough, and the shaking of the door leaf is consistent with the shaking of the vehicle, so that the noise cannot be generated.

Preferably, the roller buffer comprises a roller buffer bracket, a pre-tightening screw, a rectangular spring and a pre-tightening nut, wherein the pre-tightening screw sequentially penetrates through the roller buffer bracket, the spring and the pre-tightening nut, and the pre-tightening screw, the rectangular spring and the pre-tightening nut jointly generate a pre-tightening force F. The movable roller buffer is arranged, and when the vehicle door is in a closed state, the movable roller buffer pushes the universal wheel shaft to axially move by the pre-tightening screw, so that the universal wheel is clung to the guide rail, and the universal wheel shaft and the pre-tightening screw are in a contact but non-stressed state.

When the vehicle rocks, the door leaf has the trend that removes to both sides, and at this moment one side door frame passes through the guide rail with holding power F and acts on the universal shaft, and the universal shaft passes through the rectangle spring with pretension screw and pretension nut with the transmission of force to the door leaf, pretension screw and pretension nut for the door leaf receives the support, does not take place the displacement, rocks together along with the automobile body, thereby the noise abatement.

When the door system encounters non-parallel guide rails in the door opening and closing process, and the distance between the guide rails at two sides is reduced, the guide rails at two sides can squeeze the universal wheel shafts at two sides, the universal wheel shafts can transmit extrusion force to the pre-tightening screw and the pre-tightening nut, and the pre-tightening screw and the pre-tightening nut transmit force to the roller buffer bracket and the door leaf through the rectangular spring. As the rectangular spring deforms, the increase of the extrusion stress of the universal wheel shaft is limited, and as long as the reserved deformation amount of the rectangular spring is enough and is not fully compressed, the guide rail can not crush the universal wheel on the universal wheel shaft.

The upper and lower hinges are buckled with each other and are internally provided with inner wear reducing bars, and the outer wear reducing bars are arranged outside the upper and lower hinges which are buckled with each other.

The outer wear reducing strip and the inner wear reducing strip are arranged between the upper hinge and the lower hinge, so that friction is reduced, the effect of buffering and noise reduction is achieved, and water retaining adhesive tapes are arranged at the lower edge of the outer side of each door plate, so that most of rainwater can slide out of the door plate.

The upper hinge is provided with a hinge sealing adhesive tape which is pressed on the tile-shaped water blocking surface of the lower hinge to slide. Further preventing the intrusion of rain water from penetrating into the inner side of the door panel from the section bar hinge. The hinges are arranged on the two sides of the door plate, the interference parts of the hinge sectional materials are required to be cut, and the sectional material tile-shaped water retaining surfaces are designed to be circular arcs and concentric with the hinges, so that the sectional material tile-shaped water retaining surfaces at the positions of the hinges arranged on the two sides of the door are not cut off, and the sectional material tile-shaped water retaining surfaces in the middle of the door plate and the door plate are integrated, so that the sealing performance is good.

The sealing plane of the side edge of the door plate is tangent to the tile-shaped water retaining surface, and the gap between the two surfaces is filled with a hinge sealing adhesive tape. So that the sealing surface of the side edge of the door panel forms a continuous complete surface.

The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:

(1) The opening degree of the loading door can be made to be large, and the opening degree can reach more than 3 meters, so that the high-speed freight train can be loaded and unloaded by using a mechanized and automatic loading and unloading machine, the cargo loading and unloading efficiency is greatly improved, and the requirements of the fast freight train are well met;

(2) The extra space of the train roof is effectively utilized, and the door plate is retracted into the roof when the door is opened, so that the effective space of a container in the train is not occupied;

(3) Because the occupied space in the automobile is small, the door plate can be made thicker, the strength of the door plate can be made higher, the automobile can adapt to the operation speed of 350km/h, and the automobile can bear the load of 8000 Pa;

(4) The automobile door is parallel to the outline of the automobile body after being closed, so that noise generated during running of the train can be greatly reduced;

(5) The special structure of the self-lubricating knuckle bearing and the bull eye bearing is adopted by the door plate roller, so that the radial friction coefficient and the axial friction coefficient of the roller shaft can be reduced simultaneously, the door plate is prevented from being stuck in the moving process, the door plate can be tightly attached to a vehicle body when in place, the noise is reduced, and meanwhile, the volume of the roller is reduced;

(6) Because the periphery of the door plate is clamped in the car body, even if the locking is invalid, the controller is damaged or the power is cut off and the air is cut off, the locking strength can be maintained to 100%, the slow running of the train is not required, and the safety and the reliability of train service are greatly improved.

Drawings

FIGS. 1 (a) - (b) are side elevation views of a loading door of a rail vehicle, an isometric view of a flap door system in the closed position of FIG. 1 (a), and an isometric view of a flap door system in the open position of FIG. 1 (b);

figure 2, a side view of the door leaf axis;

fig. 3 door leaf a is a front view and a D-D sectional view;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view B-B of the door leaf;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view C-C of the door leaf;

FIG. 6 is an assembly view of the hinge assembly and the roller assembly;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view E-E of the hinge assembly and the roller assembly;

fig. 8 is a side view of a roller bumper.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by referring to examples.

Referring to fig. 1 (a) -1 (b), in the present invention: the flap door system consists of a door frame 1, a traction driving locking mechanism 2, a guide rail 3, a door leaf 4, a threshold 5 and the like. The door leaf 2 is formed by 6-joint horizontal hinge, a guide rail 3 is arranged on the door frame 1 at the left side and the right side, rollers at the two sides of the door leaf 4 are embedded into the guide rail 3, and when the door is opened and closed, the rollers at the two sides of the door leaf 4 move up and down in the guide rail 3, and the door leaf 4 also moves up and down along the guide rail 3. A traction drive locking mechanism 2 is arranged at the top of the train and is used for controlling the door leaf 4 to lift along the guide rail 3 and realizing the locking of the door system.

Due to the special structure form of the flap door, all door panels are close to the vertical state in the closed state. In the open position, all door panels are nearly horizontal. In the process of the door leaf 4 from the vertical closed state to the horizontal open state, each door leaf successively enters the roof upwards, and gradually changes from the vertical movement to the horizontal movement.

In contrast to fig. 2, 3 and 4, the door leaf 4 of the present invention mainly comprises a 1 st throttle plate 401, a 2 nd throttle plate 402, a 3 rd throttle plate 403, a 4 th throttle plate 404, a 5 th throttle plate 405, and a 6 th throttle plate 406. The door panel main body consists of side aluminum profiles 4001, aluminum honeycomb 4002, inner skin 4003, outer skin 4004, upper hinge aluminum profile 4005 and lower hinge aluminum profile 4006, and roller assemblies 41, roller buffers 42 and hinges 43 are arranged on two sides of each door panel; a water retaining adhesive tape 44, a hinge sealing adhesive tape 45, an outer antifriction strip 46 and an inner antifriction strip 47 are arranged between the door panels. The upper edge of the 1 st throttle plate 401 is provided with a locking fork 4011, the two sides of the inner side of the 6 th throttle plate are provided with steel wire rope chucks 4062, and the lower surface of the door plate is provided with a lower slide 4061.

As shown in fig. 5 in comparison with fig. 3 and 4: the upper hinge aluminum profiles 4005 and the lower hinge aluminum profiles 4006 of the upper door plates and the lower door plates are mutually buckled to form a profile hinge, the profile hinge is concentric with hinges 43 arranged on two sides of the door plates, an outer antifriction strip 46 and an inner antifriction strip 47 which are made of self-lubricating materials are arranged between the profile hinge, the functions of reducing friction and buffering and noise reduction are achieved, and water retaining adhesive tapes 44 are arranged at the lower edge of the outer sides of the door plates, so that most rainwater can slide from the outer sides of the door plates.

Reference is made to fig. 5: the upper hinge aluminum section 4005 is also provided with a hinge sealing adhesive tape 45, and the hinge sealing adhesive tape 45 always presses on the tile-shaped water retaining surface 40061 of the lower hinge aluminum section 4006 to slide, so that the intrusion of rainwater into the inner side of the door panel from the section hinge is further prevented. The hinges 43 are arranged on the two sides of the door plate, the interference part of the hinge profile is required to be cut, and the tile-shaped water retaining surface of the profile is designed to be circular arc and concentric with the hinges 43, so that the tile-shaped water retaining surface of the profile at the hinge position arranged on the two sides of the door is not cut off, and the tile-shaped water retaining surface of the profile in the middle of the door plate is integrated with the tile-shaped water retaining surface of the profile, so that the sealing performance is good. The sealing plane 40051 of the side edge of the door plate is tangent to the tile-shaped water retaining surface 40061, and a gap between the two surfaces is filled with the hinge sealing adhesive tape 45, so that the sealing surface of the side edge of the door plate forms a continuous complete surface, and the sealing adhesive tape at the periphery of the door is sealed.

Referring to fig. 6 to 7, the hinge assembly 43 of the present invention is composed of a hinge plate 431, a hinge shaft 432, and a self-lubricating bearing 433; the roller assembly 41 is composed of a universal wheel shaft 412, a roller 411 and other accessories. In order to compensate parallelism errors of the guide rails 3 on two sides, the universal wheel shafts 412 of the roller assemblies 41 are penetrated in the hinge shafts 432 and can freely axially float in the hinge shafts 432, the rollers 411 adopt self-lubricating joint bearings, installation and manufacturing errors of the guide rails 3 can be well adapted, the inner rings of the joint bearings of the rollers 411 are made of self-lubricating materials of IGUS, and the inner rings of the materials and the roller shafts 412 are matched to form a sliding rotary friction pair, so that the sliding rotary friction pair is dust-resistant, water-resistant and oil-resistant. Can bear high axial and radial loads. The outer ring of the roller 411 knuckle bearing is made of stainless steel, has higher wear resistance and hardness, and is suitable for being used in the steel guide rail 3.

To prevent non-parallel errors in the guide rail 3 from damaging the roller assembly 41. The cardan shaft 412 can axially move in the hinge shaft 432, but there is not enough supporting force on the door leaf 4 along the vehicle length direction, so that during running of the vehicle, the door leaf 4 and the door frame 1 collide with each other and generate noise, so that the roller 411 needs to be abutted against the guide rail 3, the door leaf 4 applies a supporting force to the cardan shaft 412, the supporting force F needs to be larger than the force F1 generated by the acceleration of the vehicle shaking on the door leaf 4, and is smaller than the maximum load F2 borne by the cardan wheel of the cardan shaft 412, so that the supporting force on the door leaf 4 along the vehicle length direction is enough, and the shaking of the door leaf 4 is consistent with the shaking of the vehicle and does not generate noise.

As shown in reference to fig. 2 and 8: a roller damper 42 is provided beside the hinge assembly 43 to generate this force F. The roller damper 42 is composed of a roller damper bracket 4201, a pretension screw 4202, a rectangular spring 4203, a pretension nut 4204, and the like. The pretension screw 4202, the rectangular spring 4203, and the pretension nut 4204 together generate a pretension force F. The roller damper 42 is moved during installation, and in the state that the vehicle door is closed, the roller damper 42 is moved, and the pre-tightening screw 4202 pushes the universal wheel shaft 412 to axially move, so that the universal wheel is tightly attached to the guide rail 3, and the universal wheel shaft 412 and the pre-tightening screw 4202 are in a contact but non-stressed state.

When the vehicle is swayed, the door leaf 4 tends to move to both sides, at this time, the one-side door frame 1 applies the supporting force F to the universal wheel shaft 412 through the guide rail 3, the universal wheel shaft 412 transmits the force to the pretensioning screw 4202 and the pretensioning nut 4204, and the pretensioning screw 4202 and the pretensioning nut 4204 transmit the force to the door leaf 4 through the rectangular spring 4203, so that the door leaf 4 is supported, does not displace, sways together with the vehicle body, and thus noise is eliminated.

When the door system encounters non-parallelism of the rails 3 during opening and closing of the door, and the distance between the rails 3 becomes smaller, the rails 3 will press the universal axles 412 on both sides, and the universal axles 412 will transmit the pressing force to the pretensioning screw 4202 and the pretensioning nut 4204, and the pretensioning screw 4202 and the pretensioning nut 4204 transmit the force to the roller damper bracket 4201 and the door leaf 4 through the rectangular spring 4203. Since the rectangular spring 4203 is deformed, the rise of the pressing stress of the universal wheel shaft 412 is limited, and the guide rail 3 does not crush the universal wheel on the universal wheel shaft 412 as long as the deformation amount reserved for the rectangular spring 4203 is enough and is not fully compressed.

Claims (6)

1. A rail vehicle loading door, characterized by: the door comprises a door leaf (4), a traction drive locking mechanism (2), guide rails (3) and a door frame (1), wherein the guide rails (3) are arranged on the door frame (1) at the left side and the right side, rollers at the two sides of the door leaf (4) are embedded into the guide rails (3), the door leaf (4) is formed by horizontally hinging a door plate, the top of the door frame (1) is provided with the traction drive locking mechanism (2), and the traction drive locking mechanism (2) is used for controlling the door leaf (4) to lift along the guide rails (3) and locking the flap door;

the door leaf (4) comprises a door plate (403), a roller assembly (41), a roller buffer (42) and a hinge (43), wherein the roller assembly (41), the roller buffer (42) and the hinge (43) are arranged on two sides of the door plate (403); the hinge (43) is used for connecting two throttle plates (403), and the roller assembly (41) and the roller buffer (42) are arranged on the same side or different sides of the hinge (43);

the roller assembly (41) comprises a universal wheel shaft (412) and a roller (411), wherein the universal wheel shaft (412) penetrates through a shaft hole of the roller (411), and the universal wheel shaft (412) penetrates through a hinge shaft (432); the universal wheel shaft (412) axially moves in the hinge shaft (432);

the roller buffer (42) comprises a roller buffer bracket (4201), a pre-tightening screw (4202), a spring (4203) and a pre-tightening nut (4204), wherein the pre-tightening screw (4202) sequentially penetrates through the roller buffer bracket (4201), the spring (4203) and the pre-tightening nut (4204);

in the state that the vehicle door is in the closed position, the roller buffer (42) is moved, the pre-tightening screw (4202) is used for pushing the universal wheel shaft (412) to axially move, so that the universal wheel is tightly attached to the guide rail (3), and the universal wheel shaft (412) and the pre-tightening screw (4202) are in a contact but non-stressed state.

2. The rail vehicle loading door of claim 1, wherein: the hinge (43) comprises hinge plates (431), hinge shafts (432) and self-lubricating bearings (433), wherein the hinge shafts (432) are penetrated into shaft holes of the two hinge plates (431), and the self-lubricating bearings (433) are arranged between the hinge shafts (432) and the hinge plates (431).

3. The rail vehicle loading door of claim 1, wherein: the upper hinge (4005) and the lower hinge (4006) between two adjacent door panels are mutually buckled, and the mutually buckled upper hinge and lower hinge are concentric with the hinges (43) arranged at two sides of the door panels.

4. A rail vehicle loading door as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the upper hinge and the lower hinge which are mutually buckled are internally provided with inner wear reducing bars (47), and the outer parts of the upper hinge and the lower hinge which are mutually buckled are externally provided with outer wear reducing bars (46).

5. A rail vehicle loading door as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the upper hinge (4005) is provided with a hinge sealing rubber strip (45), and the hinge sealing rubber strip (45) slides on a tile-shaped water retaining surface (40061) of the lower hinge (4006).

6. The rail vehicle loading door of claim 5, wherein: the sealing plane (40051) of the side edge of the door plate is tangent to the tile-shaped water blocking surface (40061), and a gap between the two surfaces is filled with a hinge sealing adhesive tape (45).