CN111774814B - Method for processing inner and outer grids of rocket short-shell wall plate - Google Patents
Method for processing inner and outer grids of rocket short-shell wall plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN111774814B CN111774814B CN202010595248.2A CN202010595248A CN111774814B CN 111774814 B CN111774814 B CN 111774814B CN 202010595248 A CN202010595248 A CN 202010595248A CN 111774814 B CN111774814 B CN 111774814B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for processing inner and outer grids of a rocket short-shell wallboard, which comprises the following steps: processing and manufacturing to obtain a short-shell wall plate component according to design requirements; spraying organic protective glue on all surfaces of the short-shell wall plate assembly; marking out a chemical milling area on the inner contour surface sprayed with the organic protective glue to perform chemical milling to obtain an inner grid; removing the organic protective glue on the inner and outer contour surfaces, dismantling the mounting piece, and mounting the short-shell wall plate process piece on a vacuum adsorption tool; starting a vacuum adsorption pump, finishing positioning and clamping of the short-shell wall plate process piece by utilizing a vacuum suction tire, and then mechanically milling an outer contour surface to obtain a rough-machined outer grid; the contact probe is used for measuring the fitting degree between the inner grid and the vacuum suction tire, and the control end correspondingly outputs a control signal to the cutter so as to accurately control the wall thickness of the outer grid. Compared with the prior art, the invention can ensure the processing precision of the outer grids, avoid the deformation and distortion of products, improve the processing efficiency and reduce the processing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of processing of rocket short-shell wallboards, in particular to a method for processing inner and outer grids of a rocket short-shell wallboard.
Background
With the high-density launching stage of the aerospace carrier rocket, the capacity requirement and the cost control of the new generation of various carrier rockets are increasingly strict. The front and rear short shell wall plates are used as important structures of the rocket storage box, are different from the conventional single inner-profile rectangular grid of the wall plate of the barrel section, and the radial grid bearing structure with long and narrow and complex outer profile and the inner-profile integral regular grid weight reduction structure have very high requirements on the processing manufacturability and the processing efficiency.
At present, the main processing technology for the short-shell wallboard with the structure mainly comprises the following steps: the inner and outer contour grids are processed by adopting a mode of firstly chemical milling and then mechanical milling, or the inner and outer contour grids are directly processed by adopting a mode of mechanical milling. Wherein, the chemical milling process method has the advantages that: (1) the efficiency is high: the chemical milling processing method can simultaneously mill a large number of short shell wall plates with extremely high efficiency which is 5 to 7 times of the mechanical milling processing efficiency; (2) the cost is low: the actual cost of the chemical milling process is only about 13-22% of that of mechanical milling, and the requirements on equipment precision, personnel skill level and the like are far lower than those of mechanical processing; the defects of the chemical milling process method are as follows: (1) the precision is poor: the basic principle of chemical milling is that inorganic acid is adopted to erode the area of the aluminum alloy material which is not coated with the protective colloid to form a grid, and due to the phenomenon of chemical milling erosion ratio, the processing precision of a long and narrow area is extremely poor, the error reaches +/-5 mm, and the design requirement is hardly met; (2) the structure is easy to corrode: a large amount of acid liquor and organic colloid can be generated by the chemical milling process, and the processed structure is easily corroded;
the mechanical milling process method has the advantages that: (1) the precision is high: the machining precision can be controlled to be less than +/-0.05 mm by adopting the mechanical machining of a numerical control machine tool, and is far higher than that of a chemical milling machining process; (2) the reliability is high: the stability and reliability of a processed product are far higher than those of a traditional chemical milling processing technology by adopting the mechanical processing of a numerical control machine; the disadvantages of the mechanical milling process method are as follows: (1) the processing efficiency is low: the numerical control gantry machining center can only machine one short-shell wall plate at the same time by adopting a numerical control machine tool machining process, and the grid forming process is realized by machining one by means of a cutter, so that the efficiency is far lower than that of a chemical milling process; (2) the cost is high: the carrier rocket wall plates are of large structures, all numerical control machining needs to be matched with a vacuum adsorption tool and a large five-axis gantry machining center, the machining efficiency is far lower than that of a chemical milling process, and the machining cost is far higher than that of the chemical milling process.
To sum up, if adopt earlier chemical milling, the mode simultaneous processing inside and outside net of back mechanical milling, perhaps adopt the mode simultaneous processing inside and outside net of mechanical milling alone, on the one hand the machining precision of uncontrollable outside net is unfavorable for guaranteeing the load effect of outside net, on the other hand also can improve the processing cost greatly, reduce machining efficiency, in addition, because inside and outside net all can get rid of the large allowance material in the mechanical milling course of working, material internal stress release can lead to whole short shell wallboard to take place deformation problems such as resilience, warpage and torsion for be difficult to positioning process during the clamping.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a method for processing inner and outer grids of a rocket short-shell wallboard, which adopts a chemical milling and mechanical milling combined processing mode and is matched with the outer grid wall thickness control processing, so that the processing precision of the outer grid can be improved, the bearing effect of the outer grid can be ensured, the processing cost can be reduced, the processing efficiency can be improved, and the product deformation can be avoided.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a method for processing inner and outer grids of a rocket short-shell wall plate comprises the following steps:
s1, processing and manufacturing to obtain a short-shell wall plate assembly according to design requirements, wherein the short-shell wall plate assembly comprises an inner contour surface, an outer contour surface and a mounting piece;
s2, spraying organic protective glue on all surfaces of the short-shell wall plate assembly;
s3, marking a chemical milling area on the inner contour surface sprayed with the organic protective glue to perform chemical milling to obtain inner grids;
s4, removing organic protective glue on the inner contour surface and the outer contour surface, dismantling the installation parts on the short-shell wall plate assembly to obtain short-shell wall plate process parts, installing the short-shell wall plate process parts on a vacuum adsorption tool, and enabling the inner grids to be completely attached to the vacuum adsorption jig, wherein the vacuum adsorption tool comprises the vacuum adsorption jig and a vacuum adsorption pump;
s5, starting a vacuum adsorption pump, finishing positioning and clamping of the short-shell wall plate process piece by utilizing a vacuum adsorption tire, and then mechanically milling an outer contour surface to obtain a rough-machined outer grid;
and S6, measuring the fitting degree between the inner grid and the vacuum tire by using the contact probe, feeding the fitting degree back to the control end, correspondingly outputting a control signal to the cutter by the control end, and mechanically milling the outer grid again to accurately control the wall thickness of the outer grid.
Further, the step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
s11, bending the sheet metal part into a short-shell wall plate according to the inner and outer curvature radius in the design requirement;
s12, milling the inner and outer arc surfaces into sealing planes on the process edges on the two sides of the rolled short shell wall plate respectively;
s13, drilling a positioning pin hole on the sealing plane, and milling sealing grooves on the upper side and the lower side of the sealing plane respectively;
s14, mounting a protection screw rod in the positioning pin hole and the sealing groove, wherein a fit gap exists between the outer circle of the protection screw rod and the positioning pin hole, and the outer circle of the protection screw rod is coated with an isolation hot melt adhesive;
s15, coating isolation grease on threads on two sides of the protection screw, installing an elastic sealing ring in the sealing groove, screwing the sealing nut into the protection screw, and sealing the sealing nut and the sealing groove by using the elastic sealing ring to complete the processing and manufacturing of the short shell wall plate assembly.
Further, the width of the sealing plane is 16mm, the diameter of the positioning pin hole is 10mm, and the diameter of the sealing groove is 14 mm.
Further, the fit clearance between the outer circle of the protection screw and the positioning pin hole is smaller than 0.04 mm.
Further, the elastic sealing ring is an acid-resistant elastic sealing ring.
Further, in the step S3, a chemical milling area is scribed on the inner contour surface by using the positioning rubber scribing sample plate.
Further, the mounting pieces removed in step S4 are specifically a protection screw, a sealing nut, and an elastic sealing ring, and the short-shell wall plate process piece is mounted to the vacuum adsorption tool with the positioning pin hole as a reference, so as to ensure consistency of the process reference before and after.
Further, in the step S6, the contact probes are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the vacuum tire to measure the gaps between the sub-regions of the inner grid and the vacuum tire respectively.
Furthermore, the arrangement angle of the contact probes along the circumferential direction of the vacuum tire is 0.5-2 degrees, and the arrangement length of the contact probes in the vacuum tire is 150-250 mm.
Further, the step S6 specifically includes the following steps:
s61, sequentially measuring gaps between each subarea of the inner grid and the vacuum suction tires by using a contact probe, namely the fitting degree between each subarea of the inner grid and the vacuum suction tires;
s62, feeding back the measured gap data to a control end, and sequentially calculating the gap difference between each sub-region of the inner grid and the vacuum tire according to a preset gap threshold range, namely the deformation of each sub-region of the inner grid;
s63, correspondingly inputting the gap difference values into an outer grid processing subprogram to obtain compensation control data of each sub-area of the outer grid, and correspondingly outputting a control signal to the cutter to compensate and control the processing length of the cutter;
and S64, according to the received control signal, the cutter sequentially and mechanically mills each sub-region of the outer grid to complete the mechanical milling and finish machining of the outer grid, so as to realize the accurate control of the wall thickness of the outer grid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the inner grid is obtained by processing in a chemical milling mode in combination with the structural characteristics of the rocket short-shell wall plate, so that the large material removal amount of the inner grid can be ensured, the weight reduction purpose is realized, and meanwhile, a positioning pin hole sealing structure is formed in a mode of coating hot melt adhesive, coating isolation grease and installing an acid-resistant elastic sealing ring, so that the rocket short-shell wall plate can be prevented from being corroded by acid liquor; the outer grid is processed in a mechanical milling mode, the processing precision of the outer grid can be improved, and the force bearing effect of the outer grid is guaranteed.
The inner grid is processed by adopting a chemical milling mode, so that no residual stress of the processed surface exists on the inner grid, the deformation and distortion caused by the residual stress of the processed surface are avoided, and the positioning operation in the subsequent clamping process is facilitated.
The contact probe is utilized to measure the fit degree between the inner grid and the vacuum tire sucker, and the deformation of each subarea of the inner grid can be obtained by combining the control end, so that the machining length of the cutter is correspondingly compensated, and the accurate control of the wall thickness of the outer grid is finally realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a schematic view of the outer grid processing area of the short shell wall panel in the embodiment;
FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of the grid processing area in the short-shell wall panel in the embodiment
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a seal structure of a dowel hole in an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the positioning of the short shell wall plate according to the embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the contact probes on the vacuum tire in the embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a cloud of the deformation of the short shell wall panel obtained by the control end processing in the example;
the notation in the figure is: 1. the device comprises a sealing plane, 2, a sealing nut, 3, a protective screw rod, 4, an elastic sealing ring, 5, a vacuum suction tire, 6, a vacuum suction pump, 7, a control end, 8, a contact probe, 9 and sealing resin.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, a method for processing inner and outer grids of a rocket short-shell wall plate comprises the following steps:
s1, processing and manufacturing to obtain a short-shell wall plate assembly according to design requirements, wherein the short-shell wall plate assembly comprises an inner contour surface, an outer contour surface and a mounting piece;
s2, spraying organic protective glue on all surfaces of the short-shell wall plate assembly;
s3, marking a chemical milling area on the inner contour surface sprayed with the organic protective glue to perform chemical milling to obtain inner grids;
s4, removing organic protective glue on the inner contour surface and the outer contour surface, dismantling the installation parts on the short-shell wall plate assembly to obtain short-shell wall plate process parts, installing the short-shell wall plate process parts on a vacuum adsorption tool, and enabling the inner grids to be completely attached to the vacuum adsorption jig, wherein the vacuum adsorption tool comprises the vacuum adsorption jig and a vacuum adsorption pump;
s5, starting a vacuum adsorption pump, finishing positioning and clamping of the short-shell wall plate process piece by utilizing a vacuum adsorption tire, and then mechanically milling an outer contour surface to obtain a rough-machined outer grid;
and S6, measuring the fitting degree between the inner grid and the vacuum suction tire by using the contact probe, feeding the fitting degree back to the control end, correspondingly outputting a control signal to the cutter by the control end, and mechanically milling the outer grid again to accurately control the wall thickness of the outer grid.
Applying the method to practice, fig. 2 a-2 b show schematic diagrams of the processing areas of the inner and outer grids of the short-shell wall plate, and the processing flow is as follows: the method comprises the steps of bending a sheet metal part in a rolling mode to form a designed circular arc → milling a sealing plane → drilling a positioning pin hole → installing a sealing bolt, a nut and the like → chemically milling and gluing → removing organic glue in a chemically milled area → chemically milling → dismantling the sealing bolt, the nut and the like → installing and positioning a product on a vacuum suction tire → measuring the deformation before the product process → roughly milling the mechanical processing → measuring and feeding back the final deformation → finely processing → finishing the whole process.
The specific processing process comprises the following steps:
1) rolling and bending the supplied sheet metal part to a designed arc;
2) referring to fig. 3, the short-shell wallboard positioning pin hole sealing structure specifically comprises a short-shell wallboard milling back sealing plane 1, an upper sealing nut 2, a lower sealing nut 2, a special sealing protection screw 3, an upper acid-resistant elastic sealing ring 4, a lower acid-resistant elastic sealing ring 4, an inner joint face coated with hot melt adhesive and thread isolation grease:
3) milling a plane with the width of 16mm on the inner arc surface and the outer arc surface on the process edges on the two sides of the short shell wall plate to form a sealing plane 1;
4) drilling a phi 10 positioning pin hole on the sealing plane 1, and milling two sealing grooves on the upper side and the lower side of the sealing surface;
5) firstly, coating an inner attaching surface on a special sealing protection screw rod 3 and coating hot melt adhesive, and quickly inserting the special sealing protection screw rod 3 into a phi 10 positioning pin hole, wherein the sealing protection screw rod 3 is symmetrical relative to a sealing plane 1; and then coating thread isolation grease on the sealing protection screw rod 3, installing an upper acid-resistant elastic sealing ring and a lower acid-resistant elastic sealing ring 4 in the sealing groove, and finally ensuring that the nuts are attached to the sealing plane 1 according to the upper sealing nut and the lower sealing nut 2, so that the sealing structure of the positioning pin hole is completed, and the effect of acid-proof liquid protection is achieved.
6) According to the chemical milling process flow, firstly spraying organic protective glue on all the surfaces of the mounted assembly, then adopting a positioning glue marking sample plate, positioning by using a special protective screw 3, marking out an area needing chemical milling processing, carrying out chemical milling processing, removing all the organic protective glue after the chemical milling is finished, and dismantling all the sealing protective screws 3, the upper and lower sealing nuts 2 and the upper and lower acid-resistant elastic sealing rings 4;
7) according to the figure 4, a phi 10 positioning pin hole is taken as a reference, the special vacuum suction tire 5 is installed, the wall plates are symmetrically pressed from the highest point to two sides, the inner contour of the short shell wall plate is completely attached to the vacuum suction tire 5, the vacuum adsorption pump 6 is started, and the positioning and clamping of product parts are completed.
8) According to the illustration in fig. 5, the contact probe 8 located on the faying surface of the short shell wall plate and the vacuum suction tire 5 is used for measuring the degree of matching between the short shell wall plate and the vacuum suction tire 5, in order to ensure sealing, the contact probe 8 and the mounting pin hole are filled with sealing resin 9, and the contact probe 8 feeds measured data back to the control end 7, so as to form a process data record.
9) The deformation measured by the contact probe 8 is calculated through Matlab codes installed on the external control end 7 to form a cloud picture of the deformation of the short-shell wall plate, specifically as shown in fig. 6, data is stored for recording, then the numerical control machine starts to perform mechanical milling rough machining, after the rough machining is completed, the step 9 is repeated, the cloud picture of the deformation of the wall plate grid is calculated and recorded, simultaneously, the deformation of each grid sub-area is output, the deformation is given to a register corresponding to each grid machining numerical control subprogram, taking a SINMERIK 840D numerical control system as an example, the deformation is output to registers R1 and R2 … Rn (n represents the number of all grids), and the following program sections are added to the corresponding grid subprogram sections:
| N10 G90 G40 G80 | (ii) a Subprogram head |
| N12 Rk is the output deflection | (ii) a Assigning the k-th mesh deformation to the internal register Rk |
| N14TOFFL[Z]＝Rk | (ii) a Tool length compensation with internal register Rk value |
| N16…… | (ii) a The subsequent normal numerical control program |
And starting a main program of finish machining of numerical control machining, starting finish machining of the product parts, and finishing all machining processes.
Therefore, in the method provided by the invention, the chemical milling process is adopted to remove the materials with large allowance of the inner contour, the efficiency is higher, the mechanical milling process is adopted to process the radioactive grids of the outer contour, and the precision and the weight are ensured, so that the processing efficiency of the product is effectively improved, the production cost is greatly reduced, the capacity pressure is greatly reduced, and an efficient and feasible processing solution is provided for processing the inner grids and the outer grids of the rocket short-shell wall plate.
Claims (9)
1. A method for processing inner and outer grids of a rocket short-shell wall plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, processing and manufacturing to obtain a short-shell wall plate assembly according to design requirements, wherein the short-shell wall plate assembly comprises an inner contour surface, an outer contour surface and a mounting piece;
s2, spraying organic protective glue on all surfaces of the short-shell wall plate assembly;
s3, marking a chemical milling area on the inner contour surface sprayed with the organic protective glue to perform chemical milling to obtain inner grids;
s4, removing organic protective glue on the inner contour surface and the outer contour surface, dismantling the installation parts on the short-shell wall plate assembly to obtain short-shell wall plate process parts, installing the short-shell wall plate process parts on a vacuum adsorption tool, and enabling the inner grids to be completely attached to the vacuum adsorption tire (5), wherein the vacuum adsorption tool comprises the vacuum adsorption tire (5) and a vacuum adsorption pump (6);
s5, starting a vacuum adsorption pump (6), positioning and clamping the short-shell wall plate process piece by using a vacuum adsorption tire (5), and then mechanically milling an outer contour surface to obtain a rough-machined outer grid;
s6, measuring the fitting degree between the inner grid and the vacuum suction tire (5) by using the contact probe (8), feeding the fitting degree back to the control end (7), correspondingly outputting a control signal to the cutter by the control end (7), and mechanically milling the outer grid again to accurately control the wall thickness of the outer grid;
the step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
s11, bending the sheet metal part into a short-shell wall plate according to the inner and outer curvature radius in the design requirement;
s12, milling the inner and outer arc surfaces into sealing planes (1) on the process edges on the two sides of the short shell wall plate after roll bending;
s13, drilling a positioning pin hole on the sealing plane (1), and milling sealing grooves on the upper side and the lower side of the sealing plane (1);
s14, mounting a protection screw (3) in the positioning pin hole and the sealing groove, wherein a fit clearance exists between the outer circle of the protection screw (3) and the positioning pin hole, and the outer circle of the protection screw (3) is coated with an isolation hot melt adhesive;
s15, coating isolation grease on threads on two sides of the protection screw (3), installing an elastic sealing ring (4) in the sealing groove, screwing the sealing nut (2) into the protection screw (3), and forming sealing between the sealing nut (2) and the sealing groove by using the elastic sealing ring (4) to finish the processing and manufacturing of the short-shell wall plate assembly.
2. The method for processing inner and outer grids of rocket short-shell wall plate according to claim 1, wherein the width of the sealing plane (1) is 16mm, the diameter of the positioning pin hole is 10mm, and the diameter of the sealing groove is 14 mm.
3. The method for processing the inner and outer grids of the rocket short-shell wall plate according to claim 1, wherein the fit clearance between the outer circle of the protection screw rod (3) and the positioning pin hole is less than 0.04 mm.
4. The method for processing inner and outer grids of rocket short-shell wall plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic sealing ring (4) is an acid-proof elastic sealing ring.
5. The method for processing the inner and outer grids of the rocket short-shell wall plate according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 is to use a positioning rubber-coated sample plate to mark a chemical milling processing area on the inner contour surface.
6. The method for processing inner and outer grids of rocket bulkhead plate according to claim 1, wherein the mounting members removed in step S4 are specifically a protection screw (3), a sealing nut (2) and an elastic sealing ring (4), and the short bulkhead plate process members are installed on a vacuum adsorption tool by taking a positioning pin hole as a reference, so as to ensure that the front and rear process references are consistent.
7. The method for processing the inner and outer grids of the rocket short-shell wall plate according to claim 1, wherein the contact probes (8) are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the vacuum suction tire (5) in step S6 to measure the gaps between the sub-areas of the inner grid and the vacuum suction tire (5), respectively.
8. The method for processing the inner and outer grids of the rocket short-shell wall plate according to claim 7, wherein the arrangement angle of the contact probes (8) along the circumferential direction of the vacuum suction tire (5) is 0.5-2 degrees, and the arrangement length of the contact probes (8) in the vacuum suction tire (5) is 150-250 mm.
9. The method for processing inner and outer grids of rocket short-shell wall plate according to claim 7, wherein the step S6 specifically comprises the following steps:
s61, sequentially measuring gaps between the sub-regions of the inner grid and the vacuum suction tire (5) by using a contact probe (8), namely the fitting degree between the sub-regions of the inner grid and the vacuum suction tire (5);
s62, feeding back the measured gap data to a control end (7), and sequentially calculating the gap difference between each sub-region of the inner grid and the vacuum tire sucker (5) according to a preset gap threshold range, namely the deformation of each sub-region of the inner grid;
s63, correspondingly inputting the gap difference values into an outer grid processing subprogram to obtain compensation control data of each sub-area of the outer grid, and correspondingly outputting a control signal to the cutter to compensate and control the processing length of the cutter;
and S64, according to the received control signal, the cutter sequentially and mechanically mills each sub-region of the outer grid, the mechanical milling and fine machining of the outer grid are completed, and the accurate control of the wall thickness of the outer grid is realized.
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