Useless trade of danger is handled VOCs combination processing apparatus
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waste filtration treatment, in particular to a combined treatment device for treating VOCs in hazardous waste industry.
Background
The hazardous waste industry can generate a large amount of harmful gases in the treatment process, wherein the main components of the harmful gases are H2S and NH3, and in addition, a small amount of organic gases such as methyl mercaptan, methylamine, methyl sulfide and the like are also generated. Among them, the organic gas has a large volatility, is easily diffused in the atmosphere, and part of the gas is toxic and has a large pungent smell. Compared with other components, organic gas is difficult to treat, and if the organic gas is not treated properly, secondary pollution is caused to the environment.
Chinese patent No. CN103801191B discloses an apparatus for biologically filtering and treating odor and organic pollutants, which is mainly used in the fields of chemical environmental protection treatment, environmental pollution, purification treatment, etc., and comprises a spray tower and a biological filter, wherein the biological filter comprises a buffer layer, a biological bacteria filter layer and an exhaust layer, the biological bacteria filter layer is filled with a biological filter material, the spray tower sprays and filters waste gas water and then sends the filtered waste gas water to the buffer layer of the biological filter, the buffer layer buffers the waste gas and then sends the buffered waste gas to the biological bacteria filter layer in a pressure-equalizing manner, and the waste gas and the biological filter material fully react and then enters the exhaust layer to be discharged. The invention combines the spray through tower and the biological filter, so that the cleaning and filtering treatment effect of the equipment on the waste gas is more obvious, and meanwhile, the adopted biological bacteria decomposition technology can completely decompose pollution factors in the waste gas, reduce the pollution degree of malodorous gas to the atmosphere, and the equipment has the advantages of simple integral structure, convenient operation and good market prospect.
However, the above-mentioned device has a disadvantage that the organic gas is sprayed first and then the sprayed organic gas is biologically filtered when it is used. However, in the spraying process, part of water-soluble harmful substances in the organic gas can be absorbed, so that the sprayed waste water contains a large amount of harmful substances, and secondary pollution is caused. In addition, the prior art has the treatment modes of biofiltration and biotrickling filtration for odor. However, the biological filtration has the defects of difficult control of reaction conditions, easy blockage, short gas flow and channeling, large occupied area, slow adaptation to the change of gas inlet load and the like, and the biological trickling filtration has the problem that pollutants with larger Henry coefficients are not easy to remove.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a combined treatment device for treating VOCs in hazardous waste industry, which aims to solve the technical problems that secondary pollution is easily caused and obvious defects exist in the prior art when organic gas is treated in the hazardous waste industry.
The invention provides a combined treatment device for treating VOCs in hazardous waste industry, which comprises an air inlet pipe, an air inlet pump, a dust removal mechanism, a spraying mechanism and a biological filtering mechanism, the dust removing mechanism, the spraying mechanism and the biological filtering mechanism are arranged in sequence, one end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with the dust removing mechanism, the other end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with the air inlet pump, the upper end of the dust removing mechanism is provided with a dust removing exhaust pipe, one end of the dust removal exhaust pipe is communicated with the spraying mechanism, a circulating component is arranged between the spraying mechanism and the biological filtering mechanism, the spraying mechanism is communicated with the biological filtering mechanism through the circulating component, the biological filtering mechanism comprises a first filtering component and a second filtering component, the second filtering component is arranged at the upper end of the first filtering component, and the upper end of the first filtering component is provided with a connecting pipeline used for being communicated with the second filtering component, and the upper end of the second filtering component is provided with a tail gas pipe.
Further, dust removal mechanism includes gas wash tower and outlet duct, the diameter at gas wash tower middle part is less than the diameter at its both ends, the outlet duct is pegged graft in the upper end of gas wash tower and the upper end and the dust removal blast pipe intercommunication of outlet duct, the middle part of gas wash tower is equipped with the funnel of upper end rather than fixed connection.
Further, the intake pipe communicates with the upper portion of gas wash tower and the intake pipe sets up along the tangent line of gas wash tower.
Further, the spraying mechanism includes spray column, shower, spray pump and a plurality of shower head, the spray column sets up the side at the gas wash tower, the one end of dust removal blast pipe and the lower part intercommunication of spray column, the one end of shower and the lower part intercommunication of spray column, all the shower head all communicates with the other end of shower, and all shower heads all set up the upper end in spray column inside.
Furthermore, a plurality of filter screens are arranged in the spray tower from top to bottom in sequence, and meshes on every two adjacent filter screens are arranged in a staggered mode.
Further, first filtering component and second filtering component structure are the same and all filter the shower nozzle including filter tower, bearing membrane, biological filter layer, fixed film, breather pipe, logical liquid pipe and a plurality of, bearing membrane and fixed film all set up in filter tower and bearing membrane and fixed film separate into with filter tower and retrieve chamber, filter chamber and spray the chamber, biological filter layer sets up in filter chamber, the one end of breather pipe and the upper portion intercommunication of spray column, the other end of breather pipe and the lower part intercommunication of retrieving the chamber, all filter the shower nozzle all sets up and all filter the shower nozzle in spray the intracavity and all filter the one end intercommunication that all with logical liquid pipe, the other end that leads to the liquid pipe communicates with the middle part of shower.
Further, the circulation subassembly includes circulating pipe, recovery tube, fluid-discharge tube and liquid reserve tank, the liquid reserve tank sets up the side at first filter assembly, the one end and the liquid reserve tank intercommunication of circulating pipe, the other end and the shower intercommunication of circulating pipe, the both ends of recovery tube respectively with retrieve chamber and liquid reserve tank intercommunication, the one end and the recovery tube intercommunication of fluid-discharge tube.
Furthermore, a one-way valve is arranged on the dust removal exhaust pipe.
Furthermore, control valves are arranged at the two ends of the spraying pipe, the circulating pipe, the recycling pipe, the liquid discharge pipe and the two liquid through pipes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the impurities in the organic gas can be reduced through the arrangement of the dust removal mechanism, on one hand, when spraying is carried out, the impurities in the solution of the product are low, the solution can be continuously and circularly used for spraying in the biological filtering mechanism, the use efficiency is improved, equipment blockage cannot be caused, and on the other hand, secondary pollution cannot be generated; be equipped with the check valve on the blast pipe that removes dust, avoid in the spray column moist air gets into the gas wash tower, can prevent that the aqueous vapor from absorbing the soluble material in the foul smell and forming the sediment in the gas wash tower, the production of avoiding secondary pollution that can be further.
Secondly, the first filtering component and the second filtering component are arranged in the odor treatment device, the filtering spray head in the first filtering component continuously works to form convection, so that the decomposition reaction of easily-dissolved substances in odor in the biological filtering layer can be improved, but the situation that organic impurities with large Henry coefficients are not easily removed can be caused, the filtering spray head in the second filtering component intermittently works to provide nutrients and humidity for microorganisms in the biological filtering layer, the pollutant with large Henry coefficients in tail gas treated by the first filtering component can be subjected to decomposition reaction through the second filtering component, and the treatment effect of harmful substances in odor is improved.
Its third, the setting of funnel in the gas wash tower, the air current that enough avoids gas wash tower upper portion can cause the influence to the impurity of gas wash tower lower part, and then avoids the interior secondary raise dust of gas wash tower.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 3.
Reference numerals:
the device comprises an air inlet pipe 1, an air inlet pump 2, a dedusting mechanism 3, a dedusting tower 31, an air outlet pipe 32, a funnel 33, a spraying mechanism 4, a spraying tower 41, a spraying pipe 42, a spraying pump 43, a spraying head 44, a biological filtering mechanism 5, a first filtering component 51, a filtering tower 511, a bearing membrane 512, a biological filtering layer 513, a fixed membrane 514, a ventilating pipe 515, a liquid passing pipe 516, a filtering spray head 517, a recovery cavity 518, a spraying cavity 519, a second filtering component 52, a dedusting exhaust pipe 6, a circulating component 7, a circulating pipe 71, a recovery pipe 72, a liquid discharge pipe 73, a liquid storage tank 74, a connecting pipeline 8, a tail gas pipe 9, a filter screen 10, a one-way valve 11 and a control valve 12.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention.
The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a combined treatment apparatus for treating VOCs in hazardous waste industries, including an air inlet pipe 1, an air inlet pump 2, a dust removal mechanism 3, a spraying mechanism 4, and a biological filtering mechanism 5, where the dust removal mechanism 3, the spraying mechanism 4, and the biological filtering mechanism 5 are sequentially disposed, one end of the air inlet pipe 1 is communicated with the dust removal mechanism 3, the other end of the air inlet pipe 1 is communicated with the air inlet pump 2, the upper end of the dust removal mechanism 3 is provided with a dust removal exhaust pipe 6, one end of the dust removal exhaust pipe 6 is communicated with the spraying mechanism 4, a circulation assembly 7 is disposed between the spraying mechanism 4 and the biological filtering mechanism 5, the spraying mechanism 4 and the biological filtering mechanism 5 are communicated with each other through the circulation assembly 7, the biological filtering mechanism 5 includes a first filtering assembly 51 and a second filtering assembly 52, the second filtering assembly 52 is disposed at the upper end of the first filtering assembly 51, the upper end of the first filtering component 51 is provided with a connecting pipeline 8 which is used for being communicated with the second filtering component 52, and the upper end of the second filtering component 52 is provided with a tail gas pipe 9; when the invention is used, firstly, the organic gas is conveyed into the dust removal mechanism 3 through the air inlet pump 2 and the air inlet pipe 1, the organic gas after dust removal enters the spraying mechanism 4 for spraying, the humidity of the organic gas is increased, the dust is further removed, the organic gas after spraying enters the first filtering component 51 for filtering, meanwhile, the liquid after spraying is sprayed from the top of the first filtering component 51 for primary filtering, which is mainly used for filtering the soluble substances in the organic gas, the gas after first filtering enters the second filtering component 52 from the connecting pipeline 8, secondary filtering is carried out through the second filtering component 52, the second filtering component 52 is mainly used for filtering the pollutants with larger Henry coefficient, the invention can reduce the impurities in the organic gas through the arrangement of the dust removal mechanism 3, on the one hand, the impurities in the solution of the product are lower during spraying, can continue the use that sprays that the circulation is used for in the biofiltration mechanism 5, improve the availability factor, and can not cause equipment to block up, on the other hand, can not produce secondary pollution.
Specifically, the dust removing mechanism 3 comprises a dust removing tower 31 and an air outlet pipe 32, the diameter of the middle part of the dust removing tower 31 is smaller than the diameters of the two ends of the dust removing tower, the air outlet pipe 32 is inserted at the upper end of the dust removing tower 31, the upper end of the air outlet pipe 32 is communicated with the dust removing exhaust pipe 6, and the middle part of the dust removing tower 31 is provided with a funnel 33 of which the upper end is fixedly connected with the dust removing exhaust pipe; organic gas gets into from gas wash tower 31's upper portion, later discharge through outlet duct 32, because the height of outlet duct 32 lower extreme is lower, consequently organic gas needs earlier downstream before getting into outlet duct 32, later turn to and discharge from outlet duct 32, this in-process, most impurity can get into the bottom of gas wash tower 31 under gravity and inertial effect in the organic gas, with the odor separation, furthermore, funnel 33's setting, the air current that can avoid gas wash tower 31 upper portion can lead to the fact the influence to the impurity of gas wash tower 31 lower part, and then avoid the interior secondary raise dust of gas wash tower 31.
Specifically, the air inlet pipe 1 is communicated with the upper part of the dust removing tower 31, and the air inlet pipe 1 is arranged along the tangent of the dust removing tower 31; the air inlet pipe 1 is arranged in a tangential mode, so that a rotational flow can be formed in the dust removing tower 31, and impurities in the organic gas collide with the side wall of the dust removing tower 31 under the action of centrifugal force in a rotating process and are separated from the organic gas more easily.
Specifically, the spraying mechanism 4 comprises a spraying tower 41, a spraying pipe 42, a spraying pump 43 and a plurality of spraying heads 44, wherein the spraying tower 41 is arranged beside the dust removing tower 31, one end of the dust removing exhaust pipe 6 is communicated with the lower part of the spraying tower 41, one end of the spraying pipe 42 is communicated with the lower part of the spraying tower 41, all the spraying heads 44 are communicated with the other end of the spraying pipe 42, and all the spraying heads 44 are arranged at the upper end inside the spraying tower 41; the solution is delivered from the shower pipe 42 into the shower head 44 by the action of the shower pump 43, and finally, is sprayed downward from the shower tower 41 to spray the odor.
Specifically, be equipped with the filter screen 10 that a plurality of top-down set gradually in the spray column 41, the mesh dislocation set on every two adjacent filter screens 10, the setting of filter screen 10 makes solution part can fall on filter screen 10 when spraying, and organic gas can be further when passing the mesh of filter screen 10 with the solution contact, and then can improve the area of contact of organic gas and filter screen 10, improves and sprays the effect.
Specifically, the first filtering component 51 and the second filtering component 52 have the same structure and each include a filtering tower 511, a supporting membrane 512, a biological filtering layer 513, a fixed membrane 514, a breather pipe 515, a liquid through pipe 516 and a plurality of filtering spray heads 517, the supporting membrane 512 and the fixed membrane 514 are disposed in the filtering tower 511, the supporting membrane 512 and the fixed membrane 514 divide the filtering tower 511 into a recycling cavity 518, a filtering cavity and a spraying cavity 519, the biological filtering layer 513 is disposed in the filtering cavity, one end of the breather pipe 515 is communicated with the upper part of the spraying tower 41, the other end of the breather pipe 515 is communicated with the lower part of the recycling cavity 518, all the filtering spray heads 517 are disposed in the spraying cavity 519, all the filtering spray heads 517 are communicated with one end of the liquid through pipe 516, and the other end of the liquid through pipe 516 is communicated with the middle part of the spraying pipe 42; the sprayed gas enters a filter tower 511 from a vent pipe 515, the organic gas is filtered through a biological filter layer 513, substances in the organic gas are reacted and decomposed through microorganisms, and a filter nozzle 517 is used for providing nutrients for the microorganisms and providing certain humidity, so that the biological filter layer 513 can adsorb and react the substances in the organic gas conveniently; the first filtering component 51 and the second filtering component 52 are arranged in the invention, the filtering spray head 517 in the first filtering component 51 continuously works to form convection, so that the decomposition reaction of the biological filtering layer 513 on easily-dissolved substances in organic gas can be improved, but the situation that pollutants with large Henry coefficients are not easily removed can be caused, the filtering spray head 517 in the second filtering component 52 intermittently works to provide nutrients and humidity for microorganisms in the biological filtering layer 513, the pollutants with large Henry coefficients in tail gas treated by the first filtering component 51 can be decomposed through the second filtering component 52, and the treatment effect on harmful substances in odor is improved.
Specifically, the circulation assembly 7 comprises a circulation pipe 71, a recovery pipe 72, a liquid discharge pipe 73 and a liquid storage tank 74, the liquid storage tank 74 is arranged beside the first filter assembly 51, one end of the circulation pipe 71 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 74, the other end of the circulation pipe 71 is communicated with the spray pipe 42, two ends of the recovery pipe 72 are respectively communicated with the recovery cavity 518 and the liquid storage tank 74, and one end of the liquid discharge pipe 73 is communicated with the recovery pipe 72; the liquid storage tank 74 is used for providing solution for the biological filtering mechanism 5 and the spraying mechanism 4 and recycling the solution, and the liquid discharge pipe 73 is used for discharging the solution after multiple use, so that the treatment effect of organic gas is prevented from being influenced.
Specifically, be equipped with check valve 11 on dust removal blast pipe 6, check valve 11's effect is in avoiding spray column 41 interior humid air to get into dust removal tower 31, can prevent that the aqueous vapor from absorbing the soluble material in the organic gas in dust removal tower 31 and forming the sediment to avoid secondary pollution's production.
Specifically, the two ends of the spraying pipe 42, the circulating pipe 71, the recycling pipe 72, the liquid discharging pipe 73 and the two liquid passing pipes 516 are all provided with control valves 12; all control valve 12 positions are shown with reference to fig. 1, and are primarily used to control the communication of the respective conduits.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the organic gas is firstly conveyed into the dust removing mechanism 3 through the air inlet pump 2 and the air inlet pipe 1, the organic gas enters from the upper part of the dust removing tower 31 and then is discharged through the air outlet pipe 32, because the height of the lower end of the air outlet pipe 32 is lower, the organic gas firstly moves downwards before entering the air outlet pipe 32 and then turns to be discharged from the air outlet pipe 32, in the process, most of impurities in the organic gas enter the bottom of the dust removing tower 31 under the action of gravity and inertia to be separated from the organic gas, the organic gas after dust removal enters the spraying mechanism 4, the solution is conveyed into the spraying head 44 from the spraying pipe 42 under the action of the spraying pump 43 and finally is sprayed downwards from the spraying tower 41 to spray the organic gas, the sprayed gas enters the filtering tower 511 from the air vent pipe 515 and is filtered by the biological filter layer 513, and the substances in the organic gas are reacted and decomposed by microorganisms, the filtering nozzles 517 are used for providing nutrients for microorganisms and providing certain humidity, so that the biological filtering layer 513 can adsorb and react substances in the organic gas.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.