CN111772633B - Remote sensing respiratory function monitoring device and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a remote sensing respiratory function monitoring device and a remote sensing respiratory function monitoring method. The device comprises: the carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensor is used for collecting carbon dioxide cloud and fog images in nose and exhalation air streams of a human body, the central processor is connected with each carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensor, the central processor is used for obtaining a three-dimensional dynamic image with carbon dioxide concentration space-time characteristics according to the carbon dioxide cloud and fog images and obtaining carbon dioxide concentration which is dynamically expanded along with time according to the three-dimensional dynamic image, the display is connected with the central processor, and the display is used for displaying the three-dimensional dynamic image and the carbon dioxide concentration. The invention not only can realize non-contact respiration function measurement without being influenced by the ambient temperature, but also can acquire more respiration function parameters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of remote sensing respiratory function monitoring, in particular to a remote sensing respiratory function monitoring device and a remote sensing respiratory function monitoring method.
Background
The invention relates to a medical instrument which is applied to the fields of medicine, aerospace, military, sports, lie detection and the like and solves the problem of remote human respiratory function monitoring. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, severe pneumonia, adult respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary edema, and other pulmonary diseases, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, flail chest, other thoracic/thoracic diseases, ji Lanba Rate syndrome, periodic paralysis, other peripheral neuromuscular injury diseases, cervical pulp transection, phrenic nerve injury, and the like, even acute shock, intracranial hypertension, anemia, hyperthyroidism or hypophrenia, delirium, depression, panic attacks, and other non-respiratory diseases, and special pathophysiological states, such as sedation, anesthesia states, and the like, are all accompanied by corresponding respiratory mechanical abnormalities. Therefore, the research on respiratory mechanics abnormality of related diseases has important practical significance and social value. Respiratory mechanics is the research of mechanical problems in the respiratory system from engineering viewpoints and methods, including the evaluation of respiratory functions, the detection, diagnosis and treatment of various respiratory diseases. The breathing process can be roughly divided into two phases, inhalation and exhalation. The human body expands the chest through contraction of diaphragm and intercostal muscles in the inspiration stage, so that the pressure in the lung is reduced, the pressure of the respiratory orifice is higher than the internal pressure of the lung, air flows into the lung, the internal pressure of the lung slowly approaches the external atmospheric pressure along with continuous inflow of external air, and the air flow rate is slowed down to stop and the expiration stage is started. The human body in the expiration stage causes the rise of the pressure in the lung by the natural retractive force of the diaphragm contracted during the thoracic cage and inspiration, so that the pressure in the lung is larger than the pressure of the respiratory orifice, and the air flows out from the oral cavity and the nasal cavity in the lung. Parameters such as the chest dynamics of respiratory mechanics, tidal volume, respiratory rate, respiratory gas flow rate, carbon dioxide concentration in exhaled gas and the like, and the change rule of the parameters along with time. The human body realizes the input of oxygen and the output of carbon dioxide through respiratory mechanics so as to ensure the normal operation of each function. As with other organ functions of human body, respiratory mechanics has a great adjusting range so as to adapt to different physiological states of human body, and meanwhile, different disease states also greatly influence the change of respiratory mechanics parameters, so that the probability and the necessity are provided for the monitoring and the evaluation of respiratory mechanics parameters.
Current respiratory mechanics monitoring means can be divided into contact and non-contact.
Contact respiratory mechanics monitoring means include conventional lung function tests commonly used for chronic respiratory diseases and ventilator-attached respiratory mechanics measurement modules commonly used for patients with acute respiratory failure. The conventional lung function examination (generalpulmonary functiontest) is generally completed by a lung function measuring instrument or a multi-guide physiological instrument, and is mainly used for detecting the unobstructed degree of the respiratory tract and the size of the lung capacity, detecting lung and airway lesions at early stage, evaluating the severity and prognosis of the illness state, evaluating the curative effect of medicines or other treatment methods, identifying the cause of dyspnea, diagnosing the lesion part, evaluating the tolerance of the lung function to operation or the tolerance of labor intensity and the like, and has important clinical values including the lung capacity, tidal volume, lung capacity, residual capacity, functional residual capacity, lung ventilation, respiratory frequency, oxygen partial pressure, carbon dioxide partial pressure, respiratory quotient and other respiratory mechanical parameters, and a plurality of two-dimensional indexes derived from a certain two parameter or a certain parameter and a time axis and the like. The method has the advantages that the provided respiratory mechanical parameters are comprehensive, and the method is a gold standard for the lung function examination widely accepted at present. The disadvantage is that the examination needs to be completed in a special lung function examination room by a special lung function measuring instrument, and in the examination process, the mouth and lips of the patient need to hold a special gas collection tube and do actions such as regular breathing, maximum breathing, forced breathing and the like according to the instruction of an operator, which can lead to incapacity of an excessively critical patient or a young patient due to incapacity of being matched for objective or main reasons and incapacity of being carried out in real time and continuously beside a patient bed. The breathing mechanics module (pulmonarymechanics measurement function ofventilator) attached to the breathing machine is used for acquiring breathing mechanics parameters such as tidal volume, air flow speed, carbon dioxide concentration and the like of a patient by sensors such as flow rate, flow speed, pressure, carbon dioxide concentration and the like of the high-end breathing machine, and constructing various breathing characteristic curves through certain two parameters and a time axis so as to further reflect the breathing function and interpersonal coordination problem of the patient. The method has the advantages that the method can provide the measurement of the bedside respiratory mechanics parameters for the patient receiving the tracheal cannula and mechanical ventilation, and can realize continuous and real-time monitoring. The disadvantage is that the method can only be used for critical patients with established artificial airways such as trachea cannula and mechanical ventilation, and monitoring cannot be provided for critical patients with non-mechanical ventilation or patients with respiratory mechanics abnormality which do not have mechanical ventilation indication.
The non-contact respiration monitoring is a part of life detection, and in a certain distance, the existence of vital signs such as respiration, heartbeat and the like of a target human body is detected by continuously measuring vital movement signals such as respiration, heartbeat, speech, intestinal peristalsis, limb movement, knocking and the like of a patient through technologies such as biological radar, ultralow frequency electric waves and the like and then constructing a corresponding algorithm. The biological radar (Bio-radar) is made by utilizing the reflection principle of electromagnetic waves, irradiates a human body with microwave beams in a pulse form, changes the repetition period of an echo pulse sequence reflected by the human body due to micro motion of vital movements (breathing, heartbeat, intestinal peristalsis and the like) of the human body, and can obtain parameters related to the vital signs of the detected human body by demodulating, integrating, amplifying, filtering and the like the echo pulse sequence reflected by the human body and inputting the parameters into a computer for data processing and analysis so as to identify whether the life exists. The device is used for life detection, has the advantages of strong penetrating power, accurate acting distance, strong anti-interference capability, strong multi-target detection capability, high detection sensitivity and the like, has the detection distance of 30-50 m, can penetrate through a brick wall of a solid and have the thickness of more than 2m, can detect people through a plurality of rooms, has the function of automatically identifying the human body, and is not influenced by environmental temperature, hot objects and sound interference. The radar type life detection technology and series equipment based on ultra-low frequency micro-motion coherent detection, which are completed by the professor Wang Jianqi of the national air force medical college in 2015, can realize the functions of single/multi-target life search, wall penetrating personnel detection, remote wounded detection and the like, obtain the prize of national technical invention and the like, obtain 15 patent items of national invention, 4 software copyright and the like, and have thousands of units of army, public security, fire fighting and the like. The ultra-low frequency electromagnetic wave (supperlow frequency electromagnetic wave) is an ultra-low frequency electromagnetic wave (30 HZ) which generates bioelectricity and emits when the heart of a human body beats. The DKLLifeGuard life detector in the United states has applied for a plurality of technical patents, detects ultra-low frequency electromagnetic waves emitted by human hearts in a passive receiving mode, can penetrate through various barriers such as steel plates, cement, composite materials, tree clusters and the like, detects survivors or enemy soldiers behind any shielding objects, and has a detection distance of up to 2 kilometers in an open space and up to more than 10 seas above the water surface, and is widely used by government departments such as military, customs, sea patrol, fire protection, security, rescue, aerospace and the like in advanced countries in the world. The two remote sensing respiratory detection technologies have the advantages that a new way for remotely sensing vital signs is created, partial reality problems faced in battlefield, disaster sites and the like are solved, and the defects that fewer respiratory mechanics parameters are acquired, the technology can be only used for detecting the initial level vital signs and cannot be used for monitoring the abnormality of respiratory mechanics parameters related to diseases.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a remote sensing respiratory function monitoring device and a remote sensing respiratory function monitoring method, which can not only realize non-contact respiratory function measurement without being influenced by ambient temperature, but also can acquire more respiratory function parameters.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a remote sensing respiratory function monitoring device, comprising: the carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensor is used for collecting carbon dioxide cloud and fog images in nose and exhalation air streams of a human body, the central processor is connected with each carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensor, the central processor is used for obtaining a three-dimensional dynamic image with carbon dioxide concentration space-time characteristics according to the carbon dioxide cloud and fog images and obtaining carbon dioxide concentration which is dynamically expanded along with time according to the three-dimensional dynamic image, the display is connected with the central processor, and the display is used for displaying the three-dimensional dynamic image and the carbon dioxide concentration.
Optionally, the carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensor adopts a short wave infrared carbon dioxide concentration sensor.
Optionally, the short-wave infrared carbon dioxide concentration sensor adopts a spectral imager based on a transmission blazed grating.
Optionally, the number of the carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensors is greater than or equal to 1, and when the number of the carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensors is greater than or equal to 2, the carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensors are mutually perpendicular or are arranged at a certain angle.
A remote sensing respiratory function monitoring method, comprising:
collecting carbon dioxide dynamic cloud and fog image information in the airflow exhaled by the nostrils and the lips of the human body;
measuring the dynamic cloud and fog image information of the carbon dioxide by adopting an infrared remote sensing volume measurement method to obtain multidimensional infrared carbon dioxide concentration data;
according to the infrared carbon dioxide concentration data, a three-dimensional dynamic image is established, wherein the three-dimensional dynamic image is an image with different colors, and the different colors represent different carbon dioxide concentrations;
and determining the spatial distribution and dynamic diffusion condition of carbon dioxide in the exhaled gas by adopting a density addition method according to the three-dimensional dynamic image.
Optionally, the collecting carbon dioxide cloud and fog images in the nostril and/or mouth-lip exhaled airflow of the human body specifically comprises:
carbon dioxide cloud and fog images in the airflow exhaled by the nostrils and the lips of the human body are acquired through a carbon dioxide sensor.
Optionally, the measuring the carbon dioxide dynamic cloud image information by using an infrared remote sensing volume measurement method to obtain multidimensional infrared carbon dioxide concentration data specifically includes:
and measuring the lengths of different three-dimensional warps of carbon dioxide gas clouds in the exhaled air flow, the carbon dioxide concentration at different spatial positions and the carbon dioxide cloud three-dimensional warps and the spatial concentration at different time points of the exhaled air flow by adopting an infrared remote sensing technology to obtain multi-dimensional infrared carbon dioxide concentration data.
Optionally, a three-dimensional dynamic image is established according to each infrared carbon dioxide concentration data, the three-dimensional dynamic image is an image with different colors, and the different colors represent different carbon dioxide concentrations, and specifically includes:
according to the infrared carbon dioxide concentration data, constructing a three-dimensional dynamic image of the spatial concentration distribution of the inclusion carbon dioxide of the exhaled gas by a calculus method;
and quantitatively expressing the carbon dioxide concentration and the carbon dioxide cloud cluster properties of different spaces in the three-dimensional dynamic image by using different colors.
Optionally, the determining the spatial distribution and the dynamic diffusion condition of the carbon dioxide in the exhaled gas according to the three-dimensional dynamic image by adopting a density addition method specifically includes:
obtaining carbon dioxide cloud cluster characteristics, volume diffusion rate, maximum detectable volume, space concentration rising rate, diffusion rate, attenuation speed and maximum carbon dioxide content data by adopting a density addition method according to the three-dimensional dynamic image;
and carrying out digital conversion and calculation by using a contour extraction technology according to the carbon dioxide cloud cluster character, the volume diffusion rate, the maximum detectable volume, the space concentration rising rate, the diffusion rate, the attenuation speed and the maximum carbon dioxide content data, and determining the space distribution and the dynamic diffusion condition of carbon dioxide in the exhaled gas.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
1. the invention can realize non-contact respiration function measurement.
2. Compared with the prior infrared technology, the infrared radiation detector is not influenced by the ambient temperature.
3. Compared with the current life detection technology, the invention can provide more respiratory function parameters.
4. The invention can realize continuous monitoring and obtain clinical big data of patients.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a remote sensing respiratory function monitoring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a remote sensing respiratory function monitoring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a short-wave infrared carbon dioxide concentration sensor according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of a remote sensing respiratory function monitoring method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a remote sensing respiratory function monitoring device and a remote sensing respiratory function monitoring method, which can not only realize non-contact respiratory function measurement without being influenced by ambient temperature, but also can acquire more respiratory function parameters.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Every minute, every person needs to exhale the gas containing carbon dioxide through nostril 10-20 times, 500-600ml each time, and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the exhale gas is about 40mmHg, and is far higher than the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the air by 0.22mmHg, and the two partial pressures are very different. That is, the carbon dioxide gas exhaled from the nostrils of the human body can form a three-dimensional cloud-like form of carbon dioxide in the air around the nostrils, i.e. the carbon dioxide cloud of the exhaled gas is as obvious as the ink of a ball of ink ejected from an cuttlefish in clean seawater. And the form of carbon dioxide cloud breathed out by the human body every time can be dynamically diffused and evolved along with time. On the other hand, from the aspect of hydrodynamics, the three-dimensional space morphology of the carbon dioxide gas cloud exhaled by the human body and the parameters of four dimensions which change with time are influenced by factors such as tidal volume, respiratory frequency, respiratory driving force, respiratory resistance and the like, so that the three-dimensional space morphology can necessarily reflect certain characteristics of the respiratory function of the human body. For example, the expiratory phase of a patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is significantly prolonged and the expiratory amplitude is significantly reduced, and the expiratory time of an adult Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) patient is significantly shortened and the expiratory amplitude is significantly increased. If the dynamic distribution evolution characteristic of the carbon dioxide cloud in the exhaled gas can be traced in real time, the aim of monitoring the respiratory function of the monitored person can be necessarily achieved. Therefore, the five-dimensional space-time change characteristics of the form and the concentration of the carbon dioxide cloud in the exhaled gas under the natural respiratory state of the nostrils are deeply studied, and the aim of monitoring the respiratory mechanics characteristics related to the target object diseases is necessarily achieved. In patients with acute circulatory fluctuation, the evolution characteristics of the spatial-temporal five-dimensional distribution of the carbon dioxide cloud (combined with the oxygen cloud) of the exhaled gas can even reflect the circulatory monitoring functions of tissue oxygen metabolism and carbon dioxide transport. In patients with altered nasal anatomy, we can also quantitatively determine and assess airway abnormalities functionally by comparing the temporal-spatial distribution evolution characteristics of the carbon dioxide clouds of the nasal and oral exhaled gases.
In terms of methodology, carbon dioxide is used as a special gas, five-dimensional remote sensing measurement technology is already available at present, and the measurement sensitivity and the measurement precision are very high. A special carbon dioxide meteorological satellite can detect the superfine change (0.01 ppm/392.28 ppm) of the concentration of 0.0025% of carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere of a specific area of the earth at a position of ten meters high, and performs air analysis. For example, a domestic GOSAT satellite is provided with a short-wave infrared CO2 concentration observation platform. However, the technology is mainly applied to meteorological satellites and environmental monitoring at present, the technology is mainly used for monitoring the greenhouse gas content in each area of the earth, and the technology is mainly used for monitoring the biological load of vegetation on specific surfaces and the like, monitoring waste gas in production workshops and safety precaution in densely populated areas, and the technology has high accuracy and precision. However, no report or research on the relation between the five-dimensional space-time distribution rule of the carbon dioxide of the exhaled air at the nostril of the single human body and the respiratory function of the human body has been searched by using the carbon dioxide cloud remote sensing technology.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a remote sensing respiratory function monitoring device according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a remote sensing respiratory function monitoring device according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a remote sensing respiratory function monitoring device includes: the carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensor 1, central processing unit 2 and display 3, carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensor 1 is arranged in gathering carbon dioxide cloud fog image 4 in the air current of human nose exhalations, central processing unit 2 with each carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensor 1 is all connected, central processing unit 2 is arranged in according to carbon dioxide cloud fog image 4 obtains the three-dimensional solid dynamic image that has carbon dioxide concentration space-time characteristic to according to the three-dimensional solid dynamic image obtains the carbon dioxide concentration that expands with time developments, display 3 with central processing unit 2 connects, display 3 is arranged in showing three-dimensional solid dynamic image with carbon dioxide concentration.
The carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensor 1 adopts a short wave infrared carbon dioxide concentration sensor. The short-wave infrared carbon dioxide concentration sensor adopts a spectral imager based on a transmission blazed grating. Selection of spectral imager spatial resolution: the distribution range of the nasal airflow of the human body is within half cubic meters, and can be maximally expanded to two cubic meters so as to detect abnormal strong airflow during cough, and the spatial resolution can reach centimeter or 0.5 centimeter. Selection of spectral resolution for a spectral imager: through investigation, the current existing remote sensing satellite-borne carbon dioxide spectrometer has different spectral resolutions of 0.04nm-0.2nm according to detection wave bands, and the detection range is that the short-wave infrared carbon dioxide weak absorption band is 1.594 mu m-1.624 mu m because the detection of the carbon dioxide column content mainly depends on the weak absorption band. The spectrum resolution of the remote sensing satellite in the wave band is usually 0.08nm-0.1nm, so that the high precision is designed mainly because the distribution of the surface of the remote sensing carbon dioxide can be strongly influenced by the atmosphere, and the accurate measurement at the low signal-to-noise ratio can be realized by high resolution. Therefore, the proposed scheme with spectral resolution of 0.1nm can meet the requirement of sufficient accuracy.
The number of the carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensors is more than or equal to 1, and when the number of the carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensors is more than or equal to 2, the carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensors are mutually perpendicular or are arranged at a certain angle. Design for three-dimensional imaging of a spectrum imager: the two identical sensors are vertically placed so as to realize three-dimensional imaging and three-dimensional dynamic monitoring of the target gas. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a short-wave infrared carbon dioxide concentration sensor according to the present invention.
In order to achieve carbon dioxide distribution and concentration acquisition, a spectral imager based on a transmission blazed grating is adopted. Table 1 shows the design specifications, and Table 2 shows the main parameters of the detector and the optical parameters of the system. The following is shown:
table 1 design specifications
Table 2 main parameters of detector and optical parameters of system
The display 3 displays the data obtained by the processor in a visual way, such as the concentration distribution and dynamic evolution of the carbon dioxide in the exhaled air in the three-dimensional space and the two-dimensional and three-dimensional digital measurement results through different colors and the shades of the colors.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a remote sensing respiratory function monitoring method of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, a remote sensing respiratory function monitoring method includes:
step 101: the method for collecting the dynamic cloud and fog image information of carbon dioxide in the airflow exhaled by the nostrils and the lips of the human body specifically comprises the following steps:
carbon dioxide cloud and fog images in the airflow exhaled by the nostrils and the lips of the human body are acquired through a carbon dioxide sensor.
Step 102: measuring the carbon dioxide dynamic cloud image information by adopting an infrared remote sensing volume measurement method to obtain multidimensional infrared carbon dioxide concentration data, and specifically comprises the following steps:
and measuring the lengths of different three-dimensional warps of carbon dioxide gas clouds in the exhaled air flow, the carbon dioxide concentration at different spatial positions and the carbon dioxide cloud three-dimensional warps and the spatial concentration at different time points of the exhaled air flow by adopting an infrared remote sensing technology to obtain multi-dimensional infrared carbon dioxide concentration data.
Step 103: according to the infrared carbon dioxide concentration data, a three-dimensional dynamic image is established, wherein the three-dimensional dynamic image is an image with different colors, and the different colors represent different carbon dioxide concentrations, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and constructing a three-dimensional dynamic image of the exhaled gas, which contains the carbon dioxide spatial concentration distribution, by a calculus method according to the infrared carbon dioxide concentration data.
And quantitatively expressing the carbon dioxide concentration and the carbon dioxide cloud cluster properties of different spaces in the three-dimensional dynamic image by using different colors.
And establishing a three-dimensional dynamic image by adopting a calculus method according to the infrared carbon dioxide concentration data, wherein the sampling frequency per second is more than or equal to 1 time. The three-dimensional dynamic image is an image with different colors, and the different colors represent different carbon dioxide concentrations: for example, red indicates 5-14mmHg for carbon dioxide in the exhaled gas, orange indicates 15-24mmHg, yellow indicates 25-34mmHg, and green indicates
35-44mmHg, blue 45-54mmHg, indigo 55-74mmHg and purple 75-120mmHg. Thus constructing the information data of the exhalant airflow containing three-dimensional shape, different concentrations of carbon dioxide in different spaces, time-varying five-dimensional parameters and the like.
Currently, conventional lung function tests result in digitized parameters such as tidal volume, maximum flow rate, etc. In order to conduct correlation and contrast research on the invention and conventional lung function examination, the five-dimensional information of the respiratory carbon dioxide gas flow can be subjected to digital feature extraction by using a graph contour analysis extraction technology. Of course, the information acquired by the contour feature analysis extraction technology can also be used for creating the feature index of the new exhaled carbon dioxide gas flow according to the clinical disease features.
The irregular three-dimensional structure, namely a three-dimensional dynamic image, is obtained through infrared carbon dioxide concentration data in different spaces, the volume of the irregular three-dimensional structure is calculated through a calculus method, and the change of the volume occurs along with the time and the repetition of breathing.
Step 104: according to the three-dimensional dynamic image, a density adding method is adopted to determine the spatial distribution and dynamic diffusion condition of carbon dioxide in the exhaled air, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
obtaining carbon dioxide cloud cluster characteristics, volume diffusion rate, maximum detectable volume, space concentration rising rate, diffusion rate, attenuation speed and maximum carbon dioxide content data by adopting a density addition method according to the three-dimensional dynamic image;
and carrying out digital conversion and calculation by using a contour extraction technology according to the carbon dioxide cloud cluster character, the volume diffusion rate, the maximum detectable volume, the space concentration rising rate, the diffusion rate, the attenuation speed and the maximum carbon dioxide content data, and determining the space distribution and the dynamic diffusion condition of carbon dioxide in the exhaled gas.
The maximum volume of the carbon dioxide cloud of the single exhaled gas can reflect the characteristic of the tidal volume of a monitored person, the maximum rate of increase of the carbon dioxide cloud volume can reflect the maximum expiratory flow rate of the monitored person, the sum of the maximum volumes of the carbon dioxide cloud of each exhaled time within one minute can reflect the characteristic of minute ventilation, the accumulated amount of 24 hours can reflect the total respiratory work and the daily metabolic rate of a patient, the color distribution characteristic of the carbon dioxide cloud can reflect the characteristics of the dead space ventilation and type 2 respiratory failure of the patient, and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention can realize non-contact respiration function measurement.
2. Compared with the prior infrared technology, the infrared radiation detector is not influenced by the ambient temperature.
3. Compared with the current life detection technology, the invention can provide more respiratory function parameters.
4. The invention can realize continuous monitoring and obtain clinical big data of patients.
The above-described apparatus and method of the present invention may also perform similar functions by exhaling oxygen or any other single gas component.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A remote sensing respiratory function monitoring device, comprising: the device comprises carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensors, a central processing unit and a display, wherein the carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensors are used for collecting carbon dioxide cloud and fog images in nose and exhalation air streams of a human body, the central processing unit is connected with each carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensor, and the central processing unit is used for obtaining a three-dimensional dynamic image with carbon dioxide concentration space-time characteristics according to the carbon dioxide cloud and fog images and obtaining carbon dioxide concentration which dynamically expands along with time according to the three-dimensional dynamic image; specifically, the central processing unit measures the dynamic cloud and fog image information of the carbon dioxide by adopting an infrared remote sensing volume measurement method to obtain multidimensional infrared carbon dioxide concentration data, and specifically comprises the following steps: measuring different three-dimensional warp lengths of carbon dioxide gas clouds in exhaled air flow, measuring carbon dioxide concentrations at different spatial positions and measuring carbon dioxide cloud three-dimensional warp and spatial concentrations at different time points of the exhaled air flow of carbon dioxide in nostrils and/or lips of a human body by adopting an infrared remote sensing technology, so as to obtain multidimensional infrared carbon dioxide concentration data; according to the infrared carbon dioxide concentration data, a three-dimensional dynamic image is established, wherein the three-dimensional dynamic image is an image with different colors, and the different colors represent different carbon dioxide concentrations; the display is connected with the central processing unit and is used for displaying the three-dimensional dynamic image and the carbon dioxide concentration;
according to the three-dimensional dynamic image, a density adding method is adopted to determine the spatial distribution and dynamic diffusion condition of carbon dioxide in the exhaled air, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
obtaining carbon dioxide cloud cluster characteristics, volume diffusion rate, maximum detectable volume, space concentration rising rate, diffusion rate, attenuation speed and maximum carbon dioxide content data by adopting a density addition method according to the three-dimensional dynamic image;
and carrying out digital conversion and calculation by using a contour extraction technology according to the carbon dioxide cloud cluster character, the volume diffusion rate, the maximum detectable volume, the space concentration rising rate, the diffusion rate, the attenuation speed and the maximum carbon dioxide content data, and determining the space distribution and the dynamic diffusion condition of carbon dioxide in the exhaled gas.
2. The remote sensing respiratory function monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensor is a short wave infrared carbon dioxide concentration sensor.
3. The remote sensing respiratory function monitoring device of claim 2, wherein the short wave infrared carbon dioxide concentration sensor employs a transmission blazed grating based spectral imager.
4. The device for monitoring the remote sensing respiratory function according to claim 1, wherein the number of the carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensors is 1 or more, and when the number of the carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensors is 2 or more, the carbon dioxide remote sensing monitoring sensors are perpendicular to each other or are arranged at a certain angle.
5. A method for remotely sensing respiratory function monitoring, comprising:
collecting carbon dioxide dynamic cloud and fog image information in the airflow exhaled by the nostrils and the lips of the human body;
measuring the carbon dioxide dynamic cloud image information by adopting an infrared remote sensing volume measurement method to obtain multidimensional infrared carbon dioxide concentration data, and specifically comprises the following steps:
measuring different three-dimensional warp lengths of carbon dioxide gas clouds in exhaled air flow, measuring carbon dioxide concentrations at different spatial positions and measuring carbon dioxide cloud three-dimensional warp and spatial concentrations at different time points of the exhaled air flow of carbon dioxide in nostrils and/or lips of a human body by adopting an infrared remote sensing technology, so as to obtain multidimensional infrared carbon dioxide concentration data;
according to the infrared carbon dioxide concentration data, a three-dimensional dynamic image is established, wherein the three-dimensional dynamic image is an image with different colors, and the different colors represent different carbon dioxide concentrations;
according to the three-dimensional dynamic image, a density adding method is adopted to determine the spatial distribution and dynamic diffusion condition of carbon dioxide in the exhaled air, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
obtaining carbon dioxide cloud cluster characteristics, volume diffusion rate, maximum detectable volume, space concentration rising rate, diffusion rate, attenuation speed and maximum carbon dioxide content data by adopting a density addition method according to the three-dimensional dynamic image;
and carrying out digital conversion and calculation by using a contour extraction technology according to the carbon dioxide cloud cluster character, the volume diffusion rate, the maximum detectable volume, the space concentration rising rate, the diffusion rate, the attenuation speed and the maximum carbon dioxide content data, and determining the space distribution and the dynamic diffusion condition of carbon dioxide in the exhaled gas.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the capturing carbon dioxide cloud images of the nostrils and/or mouth-lip exhalation flow of the person specifically comprises:
carbon dioxide cloud and fog images in the airflow exhaled by the nostrils and the lips of the human body are acquired through a carbon dioxide sensor.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the creating a three-dimensional dynamic image based on the infrared carbon dioxide concentration data, the three-dimensional dynamic image being an image of different colors, the different colors representing different carbon dioxide concentrations, specifically comprises:
according to the infrared carbon dioxide concentration data, constructing a three-dimensional dynamic image of the spatial concentration distribution of the inclusion carbon dioxide of the exhaled gas by a calculus method;
and quantitatively expressing the carbon dioxide concentration and the carbon dioxide cloud cluster properties of different spaces in the three-dimensional dynamic image by using different colors.
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