CN111767870B - Method for determining dynamic and static interference vibration transmission path of water turbine - Google Patents
Method for determining dynamic and static interference vibration transmission path of water turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111767870B CN111767870B CN202010624547.4A CN202010624547A CN111767870B CN 111767870 B CN111767870 B CN 111767870B CN 202010624547 A CN202010624547 A CN 202010624547A CN 111767870 B CN111767870 B CN 111767870B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010219 correlation analysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005314 correlation function Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005311 autocorrelation function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/008—Measuring or testing arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2218/00—Aspects of pattern recognition specially adapted for signal processing
- G06F2218/08—Feature extraction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining a dynamic and static interference vibration transmission path of a water turbine. The dynamic and static interference frequency of the water turbine is obtained through testing the flow passing components of the water turbine from the upstream side to the downstream side, whether the dynamic and static interference vibration frequency exists in each flow passing component of the water turbine is judged through autocorrelation analysis, whether vibration transmission exists in the dynamic and static interference vibration of the water turbine is studied through cross correlation analysis, the transmission rate of the dynamic and static interference vibration is determined through self-power spectrum and mutual power, and therefore the transmission path of the dynamic and static interference vibration is obtained. The method can be applied to the determination of the dynamic and static interference vibration transmission path of the water turbine so as to judge the dynamic and static interference vibration transmission path, effectively strengthen the rigidity of the overcurrent part, avoid generating larger vibration and have adverse effects on the safe operation of the unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydraulic turbine vibration, in particular to a method for determining a hydraulic turbine dynamic and static interference vibration transmission path.
Background
The transmission path refers to a physical medium through which vibration is transmitted from a vibration source to a receiving structure via a specific medium, and in a hydraulic turbine, vibration transmission is transmitted from the vibration source, i.e., a dynamic-static interference vibration frequency generation position, to an upstream side and a downstream side, where the transmission of vibration causes an increase or decrease in vibration due to the rigidity and frequency of components through which the vibration passes.
All energy of the hydroelectric generating set and the basic vibration comes from fluid, and the acting medium is also fluid, so that the hydraulic vibration is the most important vibration source. The dynamic and static interference of the water pump turbine is also a pulsation phenomenon of the overcurrent component from the root cause, and can cause the unit to vibrate.
For the transmission of the top cover and the inside of the volute and the upward and downstream vibration paths thereof, we apply the time shifting property of the cross-correlation function, namely the record x obtained when the measurement is carried out at different places or positions under the action of the same vibration source n And y n The phases are different. The cross-correlation function gives a judgment index of whether the two signals are related in the frequency domain, and the cross-power spectrum of the signals between the two measuring points is related with the self-power spectrum of each signal. It can be used to determine how much the output signal is from the input signal, which effectively represents the dependency between the two sets of data.
Tests show that the hydraulic turbine dynamic and static interference hydraulic vibration transmission paths are generally transmitted to the upstream side from the rotating wheel, the volute, the water conduit and the foundation, and are simultaneously transmitted to the downstream side from the rotating wheel, the taper pipe, the elbow pipe, the draft pipe and the foundation, the hydraulic turbine dynamic and static interference hydraulic vibration of the two transmission paths is finally transmitted to concrete on the upstream side and the downstream side, the vibration direction can be decomposed into axial vibration and radial vibration, when the dynamic and static interference vibration is matched with the natural frequency of the rotating wheel, the top cover or the foundation building, the machine set and the factory building vibration are increased, damage is caused, and at present, the machine set cracks or the factory building vibration of some domestic power station machines have a certain relation with the machine set cracks, so that the dynamic and static interference vibration frequency needs to be avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for determining a dynamic and static interference vibration transmission path of a water turbine so as to judge how to transmit dynamic and static interference vibration of the water turbine. The technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) Differential pressure transmitters are arranged at the volute inlet, between the guide vane and the rotating wheel in the +X direction, between the guide vane and the rotating wheel in the +Y direction, between the bottom ring and the rotating wheel in the +X direction, between the top cover and the rotating wheel in the +X direction, between the fixed guide vane and the movable guide vane, between the elbow pipe and the conical pipe, at the upstream side of the nominal diameter of the 0.4 times of the water outlet edge of the rotating wheel and at the downstream side of the nominal diameter of the water outlet edge of the conical pipe, the pressure pulsation signal is picked up, the measured pressure pulsation signal is converted into a voltage signal of 0-5V, and the voltage signal is received by a data acquisition device to measure the main frequency of the pressure pulsation of each part of the water turbine during dynamic state;
2) Acceleration vibration sensors are arranged on the water diversion pipe, the top cover and the spiral case of the water turbine in the four directions of +X, -X, +Y, -Y, the spiral case of +X, -X, +Y, -Y, the inner side and the outer side of a taper pipe and an elbow pipe, acceleration vibration sensors are arranged on the draft tube, vibration signals are picked up to convert the measured vibration signals into voltage signals of 0-5V, and the voltage signals are received by a data collector to measure the main frequency of vibration of each part of the water turbine during dynamic state;
3) Comparing and analyzing the main frequency of the vibration and the main frequency of the pressure pulsation measured by the water turbine, determining whether the main frequency of the vibration and the main frequency of the pressure pulsation are consistent, and obtaining the test dynamic and static interference vibration frequency of the water turbine when the main frequency of the vibration and the main frequency of the pressure pulsation are consistent;
4) Carrying out autocorrelation coefficient analysis on dynamic and static interference vibration frequencies of the water turbine at the positions of the water diversion pipe, the top cover and the spiral case in four directions of +X, -X, +Y, -Y, and the inner side and the outer side of the taper pipe and the elbow pipe, and carrying out self-power spectrum analysis on each component when the autocorrelation coefficient is not equal to zero;
5) Carrying out cross-correlation coefficient analysis on dynamic and static interference vibration frequencies of the water turbine at the positions of the water diversion pipe, the top cover, the spiral case, the inner side and the outer side of the taper pipe and the elbow pipe in four directions of +X, -X, +Y, -Y and spiral case +X, -X, +Y, and carrying out cross-power spectrum analysis among all parts when the cross-correlation coefficient meets the condition and the cross-correlation degree is more than the real correlation;
6) Through cross power spectrum analysis, the vibration transmission rate of dynamic and static interference vibration on the upstream side and the downstream side after the generation of a vaneless region is determined for each component of the draft tube in four directions of a water conduit, a top cover +X, -X, +Y and Y, and a volute +X, -X, +Y and Y.
The main problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:
1. determining autocorrelation coefficients of dynamic and static interference vibration frequencies of all parts of the water turbine, and analyzing a self-power spectrum;
2. determining cross-correlation coefficients of dynamic and static interference vibration frequencies of all parts of the water turbine and analyzing a cross-power spectrum;
3. and determining the dynamic and static interference vibration transmissibility of each component of the water turbine and determining transmission paths to the upstream side and the downstream side of the water turbine.
Principle of operation
The method is applied to research on the transmission path of the water turbine, namely, the cross power spectrum analysis of the inner side and the outer side of a taper pipe and an elbow pipe and parts of a draft tube is used for finding out the problems of the correlation of the front transmission path and the rear transmission path and the vibration transmissibility through the water diversion pipe from the upstream side to the downstream side, namely, the top cover +X, -X, +Y, -Y, the volute +X, -X, +Y and the cross power spectrum analysis of the parts of the draft tube. The frequency domain transmission path method is a measurement method of the path transmission probability of the vibration transmission path system in the frequency domain, and provides a new concept and a new method of the path transmission degree of the vibration transmission path system so as to describe the arrangement sequence of the path transmission rate of the vibration transmission path system in the frequency domain, and the transmission probability of the vibration transmission path system is analyzed and calculated, so that an effective and convenient way can be provided for solving the problem of the path transmission degree of the vibration transmission path system.
The method comprises the steps of judging the vibration and pressure pulsation test signals of the water turbine through autocorrelation analysis, and detecting dynamic and static interference vibration signals in the test signals by utilizing the periodic function property that an autocorrelation function of the periodic signals is still in the same period, wherein the autocorrelation coefficient of the dynamic and static interference vibration signals is not equal to zero on all time delays, and when the time delay of a white noise signal tends to infinity, the autocorrelation coefficient tends to zero, so that whether dynamic and static interference vibration frequencies exist is judged.
The time delay property of the dynamic and static interference vibration transmission system of the water turbine is studied by cross-correlation analysis, and peak values synchronously appear at the delay time position of the time delay due to the cross-correlation function of the input signal and the output signal. The transmission path can be analyzed and identified by using the information of mutual delay. And detecting dynamic and static interference vibration in the test signal, and determining a transmission path of the dynamic and static interference vibration.
Conditions of cross-correlation coefficient and degree of correlation, correlation coefficient: 0.00 to +/-0.30, and the degree of correlation is micro-correlation; correlation coefficient: the correlation degree is real correlation between +/-0.30 and +/-0.50; correlation coefficient: the correlation degree is obviously correlated with +/-0.50 to +/-0.80; correlation coefficient: the degree of correlation is highly correlated with + -0.80 to + -1.00. The correlation coefficient can only be considered that the dynamic and static interference vibration has vibration transmission under the conditions of real correlation, obvious correlation or high correlation.
For the transmission of dynamic and static interference vibration in the top cover and the volute and the upstream and downstream vibration paths thereof, we apply the time shifting property of the cross-correlation function, namely, the obtained record x when the measurement is carried out at different places or positions under the action of the same vibration source n And y n The phases are different. The cross-correlation function gives a judgment index of whether the two signals are related in the frequency domain, and the cross-power spectrum of the signals between the two measuring points is related with the self-power spectrum of each signal. The method can be used for determining how much the output signal comes from the input signal, effectively represents the dependency relationship between two groups of data, and finally determines the transmissibility of dynamic and static interference vibration signals so as to find the transmission path of dynamic and static interference vibration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system for measuring dynamic and static interference frequency of a hydraulic turbine in a pressure pulsation test
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a vibration test measurement system for dynamic and static interference frequencies of a hydraulic turbine
FIG. 3 shows the cross-correlation coefficient between the top cover and the volute of a water turbine
FIG. 4 is a cross-power spectrum between the top cover and the volute of the turbine
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the operation of the present invention
Detailed Description
1) As shown in fig. 1, differential pressure transmitters are arranged at the upstream side of the nominal diameter of the water outlet edge of the rotating wheel, which is 0.4 times of the nominal diameter of the water outlet edge of the rotating wheel and the downstream side of the nominal diameter of the water outlet edge of the conical pipe, between the guide vane and the rotating wheel, between the guide vane and the Y direction, between the bottom ring and the rotating wheel, between the top cover and the X direction, between the fixed guide vane and the movable guide vane, between the elbow pipe and between the conical pipe, and between the bottom ring and the rotating wheel, respectively, and the differential pressure transmitters pick up pressure pulsation signals to convert the measured pressure pulsation signals into voltage signals of 0-5V, and are accepted by a data collector to measure the main frequencies of pressure pulsation of all parts of the water turbine during dynamic state;
2) As shown in fig. 2, acceleration vibration sensors are arranged on the water diversion pipe, the top cover and the spiral case in the directions of +X, -X, +Y and Y, the inner side and the outer side of a taper pipe and an elbow pipe, and vibration signals are picked up to convert the measured vibration signals into voltage signals of 0-5V and are received by a data acquisition device to measure the main frequency of vibration of each part of the water turbine during dynamic state;
3) Comparing and analyzing the main frequency of the vibration and the main frequency of the pressure pulsation measured by the water turbine, determining whether the main frequency of the vibration and the main frequency of the pressure pulsation are consistent, and obtaining the test dynamic and static interference vibration frequency of the water turbine when the main frequency of the vibration and the main frequency of the pressure pulsation are consistent;
4) Carrying out autocorrelation coefficient analysis on dynamic and static interference vibration frequencies of the water turbine at the positions of the water diversion pipe, the top cover and the spiral case in four directions of +X, -X, +Y, -Y, and the inner side and the outer side of the taper pipe and the elbow pipe, and carrying out self-power spectrum analysis on each component when the autocorrelation coefficient is not equal to zero;
5) As shown in fig. 3 and 4, cross-correlation coefficient analysis is carried out on the dynamic and static interference vibration frequencies of the water turbine at the positions of the water diversion pipe, the top cover, the spiral case and the elbow pipe in four directions of +X, -X, +Y and Y, and the spiral case in four directions of +X, -X, +Y and Y;
6) Through cross power spectrum analysis, the vibration transmission rate of dynamic and static interference vibration on the upstream side and the downstream side after the generation of a vaneless area is determined by each part of the draft tube in four directions of a water conduit, a top cover +X, -X, +Y and Y, a volute +X, -X, +Y and Y, and a taper tube, the inner side and the outer side of an elbow, and the transmission path of the dynamic and static interference vibration is determined, as shown in figure 5, so as to realize the operation flow of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for determining the dynamic and static interference vibration transmission path of a water turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) Differential pressure transmitters are arranged at the upstream side of the nominal diameter of the water outlet edge of the runner, which is 0.4 times of the nominal diameter of the water outlet edge of the runner, of the elbow pipe and the taper pipe, and at the downstream side of the nominal diameter of the water outlet edge of the taper pipe, respectively, in the volute inlet, the +X direction between the guide vane and the runner, the +Y direction between the bottom ring and the runner, the +X direction between the top cover and the runner, and between the top cover and the movable guide vane, and the upstream side of the nominal diameter of the water outlet edge of the 0.4 times of the taper pipe, so that the pressure pulsation signals are picked up to convert the measured pressure pulsation signals into voltage signals of 0-5V, and the voltage signals are accepted by a data collector to measure the main frequencies of the pressure pulsation of all parts of the water turbine during dynamic state;
2) Acceleration vibration sensors are arranged on the water diversion pipe, the top cover and the spiral case of the water turbine in the four directions of +X, -X, +Y, -Y, the spiral case of +X, -X, +Y, -Y, the inner side and the outer side of a taper pipe and an elbow pipe, acceleration vibration sensors are arranged on the draft tube, vibration signals are picked up to convert the measured vibration signals into voltage signals of 0-5V, and the voltage signals are received by a data collector to measure the main frequency of vibration of each part of the water turbine during dynamic state;
3) Comparing and analyzing the main frequency of the vibration and the main frequency of the pressure pulsation measured by the water turbine, determining whether the main frequency of the vibration and the main frequency of the pressure pulsation are consistent, and obtaining the test dynamic and static interference vibration frequency of the water turbine when the main frequency of the vibration and the main frequency of the pressure pulsation are consistent;
4) Carrying out autocorrelation coefficient analysis on dynamic and static interference vibration frequencies of the water turbine at the positions of the water diversion pipe, the top cover and the spiral case in four directions of +X, -X, +Y, -Y, and the inner side and the outer side of the taper pipe and the elbow pipe, and carrying out self-power spectrum analysis on each component when the autocorrelation coefficient is not equal to zero;
5) Carrying out cross-correlation coefficient analysis on dynamic and static interference vibration frequencies of the water turbine at the positions of the water diversion pipe, the top cover, the spiral case, the inner side and the outer side of the taper pipe and the elbow pipe in four directions of +X, -X, +Y, -Y and spiral case +X, -X, +Y, and carrying out cross-power spectrum analysis among all parts when the cross-correlation coefficient meets the condition and the cross-correlation degree is more than the real correlation;
6) Through cross power spectrum analysis, the vibration transmission rate of dynamic and static interference vibration on the upstream side and the downstream side after the generation of a vaneless region is determined for each component of the draft tube in four directions of a water conduit, a top cover +X, -X, +Y and Y, and a volute +X, -X, +Y and Y.
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