CN111767336A - Visualization method and device for AIXM data structure and storage medium - Google Patents
Visualization method and device for AIXM data structure and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a visualization method, a visualization device and a storage medium of an AIXM data structure, wherein the AIXM data structure corresponding to an entity to be visualized is determined by determining an AICM graph corresponding to the entity and based on a mapping rule from the AICM to the AIXM; then, according to the aviation element standard defined by the AIXM data structure and the information provided by the entity, entity AIXM data is formed; and finally, reading entity visualization parameters in the AIXM data of the entity, processing the entity visualization parameters, and visualizing the entity in visualization software to realize the visualization of the AIXM data structure. The method provided by the invention visualizes aviation data, displays aviation entities by visual and dynamic graphs, can help aviation operators such as flight personnel and control personnel to establish good situational awareness, and has direct help on the improvement of flight safety, control safety and efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of data visualization processing, and particularly relates to a visualization method and device for an AIXM data structure and a storage medium.
Background
An aviation Information Exchange model (AIXM) is a standard proposed by the international civil aviation organization for realizing data Exchange of various aviation elements in aviation Information services, and is a basis for expression, storage and Exchange of global aviation Information. The aviation information exchange model comprises AICM and AIXM, the source technology of AICM is UML, describes model of aviation element entity, relation and time, AICM makes project participator able to communicate and understand managed information, and is also the basis of data structure in aviation element code; the source technology of the AIXM is XML, and is a standard for data coding of aviation entities, and aviation data is stored and managed in an AIXM data format so that a computer can send and receive information.
An aviation entity covering the whole flight process is defined in the AIXM, wherein entities such as airspace, airports, flight programs and the like can realize space simulation by adopting a computer visualization technology on the basis of AIXM structured data. The AIXM data-based visualization technology is an application technology for reading, analyzing and parameterizing aviation data in an AIXM mode and combining the aviation data with a software platform to achieve the multidimensional presentation of aviation elements. The existing data visualization is not the data standard AIXM recommended to be used by civil aviation, but the AIXM is the aviation information data structure standard used in the aviation information field in the future, different personnel (or units) can be facilitated by using the data modeling method, and the bottom layer data structure adopted by the adopted bottom layer data is not necessarily applicable in the aviation information field and cannot be shared among different systems in the existing data visualization process.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method, an apparatus and a storage medium for visualizing an AIXM data structure, which solve the above-mentioned problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method of visualizing an AIXM data structure, comprising the steps of:
s1, judging whether the entity to be visualized has a corresponding AICM graph;
if yes, go to step S3;
if not, go to step S2;
s2, expanding the entity to be visualized, determining the AICM graph related to the entity to be visualized, and entering the step S3;
s3, determining an AIXM data structure corresponding to the entity to be visualized based on the mapping rule of the AICM to the AIXM according to the AICM graph corresponding to the entity;
s4, forming entity AIXM data according to the aviation element standard defined by the AIXM data structure and the information provided by the entity;
s5, reading entity visualization parameters in the entity AIXM data and processing the entity visualization parameters;
and S6, visualizing the entity in visualization software according to the processed entity visualization parameters, and realizing the visualization of the AIXM data structure.
Further, the step S2 is specifically:
and searching an entity related to the entity in the local aviation specification and actual operation, and taking the AICM graph corresponding to the entity related to the entity as the AICM graph corresponding to the entity to be visualized.
Further, in step S4, the aviation element standard defined by the AIXM data structure is a computer storage format of the entity information;
the information provided by the entity includes entity attribute information and its relationship information with other entities.
Further, the step S4 is specifically: and filling the information provided by the entity into the designated position of the computer storage format to form AIXM format information with specific entity content, namely the AIXM data of the entity.
Further, in step S5, the read entity visualization parameter is specific data information that needs to be provided when performing AIXM data visualization.
Further, in step S5, the method for processing the visualization parameters includes format conversion of the entity AIXM data and integration of data information.
Further, in step S6, the method for visualizing the entity in the visualization software specifically includes: and simulating the entity by using the existing graph corresponding to the visualization parameter in the visualization software, and expressing the entity in the software to realize the visualization of the AIXM data structure.
An apparatus for visualizing an AIXM data structure, comprising:
the entity processing module is used for determining an AICM graph corresponding to an entity to be visualized;
the AIXM data determining module is used for determining corresponding AIXM data according to the AICM graph of the entity to be visualized;
and the visualization generating module is used for processing the entity visualization parameters in the entity AIXM data and performing visualization presentation in visualization software.
Further, the entity processing module determines the corresponding AICM graph according to whether the entity to be visualized exists in the standard AICM;
when the entity is present in the standard AICM, it has a corresponding AICM graphic;
when the entity does not exist in the standard AICM, the entity is expanded by searching the entity related to the entity in the local aviation specification and actual operation, and the AICM graph corresponding to the entity related to the entity is used as the AICM graph corresponding to the entity to be visualized.
A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program having computer program executable instructions for causing a computer to perform any of the methods of claims 1-7.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the visualization method, the visualization device and the visualization storage medium of the AIXM data structure provided by the invention visualize aviation data, display aviation entities in a visual and dynamic graph, and the adopted bottom layer data structure is also well applicable to aviation information application, so that data sharing can be realized among different systems; the flight control system can help aviation operators such as flight personnel and control personnel to establish good situational awareness, and has direct help on the improvement of flight safety, control safety and efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for visualizing an AIXM data structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of mapping rules for converting an aviation entity to AIXM according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the visualization of AIXM data in a relative space when the entity is a runway in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view and a cross-sectional view of a takeoff climb surface provided by the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a takeoff climbing surface and a runway provided by the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the conical surface and the inner horizontal plane provided by the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a complex flying surface, an inner transition surface and an inner advancing surface provided by the invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the approach surface and the inner transition surface provided by the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of the visualization process of the AIXM data in the geographic space when the entity is the airspace according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a space domain visualization of a certain 23 sectors provided by the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a space domain visualization of 21 sectors of a certain tone provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a method for visualizing an AIXM data structure includes the following steps:
s1, judging whether the entity to be visualized has a corresponding AICM graph;
if yes, go to step S3;
if not, go to step S2;
s2, expanding the entity to be visualized, determining the AICM graph related to the entity to be visualized, and entering the step S3;
s3, determining an AIXM data structure corresponding to the entity to be visualized based on the mapping rule of the AICM to the AIXM according to the AICM graph corresponding to the entity;
s4, forming entity AIXM data according to the aviation element standard defined by the AIXM data structure and the information provided by the entity;
s5, reading entity visualization parameters in the entity AIXM data and processing the entity visualization parameters;
and S6, visualizing the entity in visualization software according to the processed entity visualization parameters, and realizing the visualization of the AIXM data structure.
In step S1 of this embodiment, there are many entities that generally need to be visualized, and the latest AIXM5.1.1 plan discloses an airline element, and clearly marks the airline element, and the runway, airport, navigation station, airspace, organization, and the like are all entities that need to be visualized. The AIXM is based on the AICM, converts aviation elements into data structure standards which can be identified by a computer according to entities, attributes, relations and time, and can be applied among different systems, in the process of determining the AIXM data structure corresponding to the entities based on the mapping rule from the AICM to the AIXM, the AIXM stores aviation entity information in a format of computer storage data, and the mapping mode from the entities to the AIXM is set in AIXM5. The nesting of entities defined in an XML Schema (a format for computer-stored data) is typically defined by first defining a parent element and then defining the type of the element as a complex type named for the element. Finally, defining the complex type to contain the sub-elements. This is also the basis for defining the structure of the elements in AIXM. Fig. 2 shows a mapping rule for converting an airline entity to AIXM, which is a relationship between a parent element and a child element from left to right (the parent element includes child elements, and is a tree structure, the parent element is a trunk, the child elements are branches, and the parent element and the child elements jointly form a tree). Specifically, from right to left, the AICM defined aeronautical entity class property group is encoded in the aixm FeaturePropertyGroup element. The Timeslice element contains FeatureTimeSlice and possibly existing information in the form of FeatureTimeSlice propertype, and the Feature inherits and abstracts AIXMFeature, so the Feature contains abstracts AIXMFeature (UUID, etc.) and Timeslice elements by defining the form of the FeatureType of the Feature. Finally, if the Feature is associated with other entities, the Feature is pointed to by defining a featurePropertyType.
Therefore, step S2 in this embodiment is specifically:
and by searching for an entity related to the entity in the local aviation specification and actual operation, taking the AICM graph corresponding to the entity related to the entity as the AICM graph corresponding to the entity to be visualized, wherein the entity related to the entity found in the actual operation is published in the standard AICM.
In step S4 of this embodiment, the information provided by the entity includes entity attribute information and relationship information between the entity and other entities, for example, when the entity is a runway, the corresponding attribute information includes length, width, direction, and the like, and the type of relationship information between the entity and other entities includes association information, inheritance information, and the like; the aviation element criteria defined by the AIXM data structure is a computer-stored format of entity information, e.g., for runway entity information, AIXM defines which information the runway should contain and how the information is ordered and nested, but only the format and no content information, such as units of runway length and encoded location of length information. And when the specific runway information is actually required to be filled into the corresponding position specified by the AIXM, the specific runway information is filled into the logic position specified by the AIXM, and the AIXM data in the data text is formed, namely the AIXM format information with specific content is obtained. Therefore, step S2 is specifically: filling information provided by the entity into a designated position of a computer storage format to form AIXM format information with specific entity content, namely obtaining entity AIXM data; the entity AIXM data includes attribute information of the entity, time information, and relationship information thereof with other entities.
In step S5 of this embodiment, the read entity visualization parameter is specific data information that needs to be provided when performing AIXM data visualization. For example, when the entity is an airspace, the corresponding visualization parameters include information such as an upper limit and a lower limit of the airspace, and only by extracting the information, the height range of the airspace in the visualization software can be obtained. Therefore, in step S5, the method for processing the visualization parameters includes format conversion of the entity AIXM data and integration of data information; different visualization software has different data required formats, and the data visualization can be realized only by converting the AIXM data into a format meeting the software operation requirement according to the used visualization software; for the integration of the data information, for example, the latitude and longitude and the upper limit of the airspace information are arranged into an array form, so that the data reading of software is facilitated.
In step S6 of this embodiment, the method for visualizing the entity in the visualization software specifically includes: and simulating the entity by using the existing graph corresponding to the visualization parameter in the visualization software, and expressing the entity in the software to realize the visualization of the AIXM data structure. For spatial domain entities, for example, a method representation of a solid polygon is used in google earth software.
Example 2:
an apparatus for visualizing an AIXM data structure, comprising:
the entity processing module is used for determining an AICM graph corresponding to an entity to be visualized;
the AIXM data determining module is used for determining corresponding AIXM data according to the AICM graph of the entity to be visualized;
and the visualization generating module is used for processing the entity visualization parameters in the entity AIXM data and performing visualization presentation in visualization software.
In the entity processing module in this embodiment, the corresponding AICM graph is determined according to whether the entity to be visualized exists in the standard AICM;
when the entity is present in the standard AICM, it has a corresponding AICM graphic;
when the entity does not exist in the standard AICM, the entity is expanded by searching the entity related to the entity in the local aviation specification and actual operation, and the AICM graph corresponding to the entity related to the entity is used as the AICM graph corresponding to the entity to be visualized.
The method for determining the entity AIXM data by the AIXM data determining module in the embodiment comprises the following steps: determining an AIXM data structure corresponding to an entity to be visualized according to an AICM graph corresponding to the entity to be visualized and based on a mapping rule from the AICM to the AIXM, and then forming entity AIXM data according to the AIXM data structure and the information of the entity to be visualized;
the visualization generation module in this embodiment performs processing such as format conversion and data integration on the visualization parameters in the entity AIXM data, and then performs visualization presentation on the visualization parameters in the needed visualization software, thereby implementing visualization of the AIXM data structure.
Example 3:
a computer-readable storage medium, storing a computer program with computer program executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the above-described method of visualizing an AIXM data structure.
The computer-readable storage medium in the present embodiment includes a structure having a program storage and reading capability, such as a RAM, a ROM, and a one-chip microcomputer.
Example 4: visualization of AIXM data in relative space
The method comprises the steps that a runway is taken as an example to visualize AIXM data in a relative space, firstly, according to the mapping rule of AICM to AIXM, obstacle limiting surface information is expanded to an AbstractFeatureExtent part of runway standard AIXM, the runway AIXM is determined, and expanded runway data based on an AIXM data structure is formed by combining the runway and the obstacle limiting surface information; then, reading the data of the extended runway based on the AIXM data structure by utilizing a DOM technology and MATLAB software, and extracting visual parameters; finally, a method of replacing the surface with a line is used, and visualization of the runway and the obstacle limiting surface in the relative space is achieved. The specific flow is shown in fig. 3, and specifically includes the following steps:
(1) runway AIXM data construction:
and (3) construction of time information: since the runway and obstacle limit surface are static, consider using the BASELINE time model, assuming that the runway's operation start time is 3/23 in 2018 and the end time is unknown;
construction of element information: the basic information of the runway is 2600 meters in length and 45 meters in width, the information of the obstacle limiting surface adopts I-type precision approaching to the runway, the reference code is a parameter determined by 3 or 4, and the obstacle limiting surface parameter and the runway parameter are written according to the data structure of the extended runway AIXM.
(2) Reading of runway AIXM data:
the source technology of AIXM is XML, so using DOM technology, extended runway data and obstacle bounding surface data based on the AIXM data structure are read. Firstly, reading the whole data into a memory by using an Xmlread function, then finding a TimeSlice tag encapsulating all information of an entity by using getElementByTagName, further finding required content by combining a getTextContent function according to a DOM tree relation with the < Time Slice > tag, and outputting the content in a parameter form.
(3) Representation of runway AIXM data in relative space:
the barrier limiting surfaces are respectively a conical surface, an inner horizontal plane, an inner approach surface, an approach surface, a transition surface, an inner transition surface, a re-flying surface and a takeoff climbing surface. The construction principle of each surface is constructed by adopting an algorithm of a parameterized equation, taking a takeoff climbing surface as an example, the space and geometric relationship of the takeoff climbing surface is analyzed, and the space position of the takeoff climbing surface relative to an airport runway is shown in fig. 4.
The second section of the takeoff climb surface can be understood as a combination of both methods. First, straight lines of equal length (unchanged in length relative to the X-axis) and arranged at a height change of 0.02 along the Y-axis (relative to the Z-axis). Second, a spatial line of constant length (unchanged with respect to the Y-axis length) and a constant tilt rate of 0.02 (with respect to the plane formed by Y-X) is arranged along the X-axis. The same point of the two modes is that a certain space line is firstly determined, and then the space line is arranged and formed along the other direction, and finally a three-dimensional space surface is formed. The variable a is introduced to represent the interval (step size) arranged in a certain direction. Where the size of a determines the number of spatial lines that make up the face. The essence of the two methods is that the space lines are arranged along a certain direction to form a space plane. The second section of the takeoff climbing surface adopts the first method, so that the parameter equation of the surface is as follows:
0<a<1800 (1)
7790<y<16310 (2)
x＝-900+a (3)
z＝(y-7790)*0.02+129.6 (4)
wherein: the formula (1) represents the value range of the space straight line on the X axis; the formula (2) represents the value range of the space straight line on the Y axis; formula (3) represents the value range of the time line straight line on the X axis when the time line straight line changes to a along the X axis; formula (4) represents the straight lines when the values (or ranges) of the X axis and the Y axis are determined, and Y represents the value ranges of all the straight lines on the Y axis.
On the basis of the second method, the first section of the takeoff climbing surface is assumed to have a value range of an X axis as a fixed range and is arranged along a Y axis, so that a parameter equation of the first section of the takeoff climbing surface is as follows:
0＜a＜6480 (5)
y＝-900+a (6)
-90-a*0.125<x<90+a*0.125 (7)
z＝(y-7790)*0.02+129.6 (8)
the meanings of the formulas 5 to 8 are the same as the meanings of the formulas 1 to 4. The value of the X axis depends on the expansion rate of the two sides. The parameter equation can be constructed by adopting the method for other seven surfaces of the obstacle limiting surface.
(4) Implementation of AIXM data in relative space visualization
A relative space coordinate system is established by taking the center of the runway as an original point, the longitudinal direction of the runway as a Y axis, the transverse direction as an X axis and the direction vertical to the runway surface as a Z axis.
The way of visualization. And obtaining a visual simulation graph of the takeoff climbing surface and the runway by utilizing a three-dimensional relation function plot3() (a three-dimensional function in MATLAB) and combining 5-8 formulas, as shown in FIG. 5.
The other portions of the obstacle limiting surface are constructed in the same manner. Shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, dispersed for the sake of detail. This process results in a three-dimensional simulated view of the obstacle-bounding surface and the runway based on AIXM.
Example 5: visualization of AIXM data in geospatial space
First, data information required for spatial domain AIXM is determined with reference to a standard AICM diagram and in combination with parameters required for spatial domain stereo by Google Earth. And determining the AIXM of the spatial domain according to the mapping rule of the AICM to the AIXM, and combining the spatial domain information to form spatial domain data based on an AIXM data structure. And then reading the spatial domain data based on the AIXM data structure by using the Thexmlbox technology and MATLAB software, extracting visual basic parameters, and integrating the data to a certain extent. Since The language of information expression by GoogleEarth is KML, The obtained visualization basic parameters are converted into a spatial-domain KML language document by using The xmlbox technology and MATLAB software. And finally, spatial structure information is represented by using the spatial polygon. The specific research concept is shown in fig. 9. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) constructing spatial domain AIXM data:
the time composition of airspace AIXM data is also applicable to a baseline time model, the starting time is set to 3 months and 27 days in 2018, and the ending time is unknown; the basic information construction of the airspace AIXM data is finished by taking a certain modulation 23-sector airspace as an example;
(2) reading spatial domain AIXM data:
the XML _ toolbox is an integrated data package that can convert MATLAB data structures at any nesting level into XML strings, while reading most types of XML strings/files and converting them into MATLAB structures. The basic principle of reading data by the XML _ Toolebox and the DOM is that the XML has certain structuredness, and then the data structure position of the required parameter is judged. The entire spatial AIXM data was read using the xmlbox function xml _ parse. Reading parameters according to the logic structure of the element marks in the airspace AIXM data;
(3) further processing of the data:
the content in Google Earth representing the geographic information position must be strictly in "longitude, latitude, altitude" format, while the border variant requires that altitude data be inserted and separated by commas after the longitude and latitude, and the altitude data require space to separate each set of data. The realization process is as follows: the first step "replaces" the data in the border variable with ","; the second interpolation inserts a certain position into the Upper variable sum.
(4) Conversion of data format:
the spatial domain AIXM data is converted to a spatial domain KML data structure.
Representation of time-variability: time can be attached to all entities in the KML. A polygon representing a spatial domain may apply a time value to represent the temporal variability of the spatial domain. The playback may be set in the Google Earth client to visually display the entries of the added contents < timePosition >, < TimeInstant > and < TimePeriod > for each airspace.
Representation of the spatial structure: < plcaemrk > is the main method of marking locations on GE earth. < plcaemark > may contain a single point, string, polygon or arbitrary set of these features. User-defined styles may be created to control the appearance of each of these elements. By combining points, lines and faces, a rich, intuitive data display can be created.
The airspace AICM defines an upper limit reference surface and a lower limit reference surface, the height in certain regional information is relative to the standard sea level, and the region is named ZUUAR 23. The following functions are required to convert variables in MATLAB to tagged content in KML: xmlstr ═ xml _ format (v, attribute, name), translates spatial AIXM data into corresponding KML elements.
(5) Spatial domain visual representation:
generating a KML file by using an AR23 sector AIXM structure airspace file, importing the finally generated KML file into GoogleEarth, generating a certain partition 23 airspace as shown in figure 10, and sequentially importing 21 sectors of information in the certain airspace into a solid figure of Google Earth according to the method as shown in figure 11.
Claims (10)
1. A method for visualizing an AIXM data structure, comprising the steps of:
s1, judging whether the entity to be visualized has a corresponding AICM graph;
if yes, go to step S3;
if not, go to step S2;
s2, expanding the entity to be visualized, determining the AICM graph related to the entity to be visualized, and entering the step S3;
s3, determining an AIXM data structure corresponding to the entity to be visualized based on the mapping rule of the AICM to the AIXM according to the AICM graph corresponding to the entity;
s4, forming entity AIXM data according to the aviation element standard defined by the AIXM data structure and the information provided by the entity;
s5, reading entity visualization parameters in the entity AIXM data and processing the entity visualization parameters;
and S6, visualizing the entity in visualization software according to the processed entity visualization parameters, and realizing the visualization of the AIXM data structure.
2. The method for visualizing an AIXM data structure of claim 1, wherein the step S2 is specifically:
and searching an entity related to the entity in the local aviation specification and actual operation, and taking the AICM graph corresponding to the entity related to the entity as the AICM graph corresponding to the entity to be visualized.
3. A visualization method of AIXM data structure as recited in claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the aviation essence standard defined by the AIXM data structure is a computer storage format of entity information;
the information provided by the entity includes entity attribute information and its relationship information with other entities.
4. The method for visualizing the AIXM data structure of claim 3, wherein the step S4 is specifically to: and filling the information provided by the entity into the designated position of the computer storage format to form AIXM format information with specific entity content, namely the AIXM data of the entity.
5. The method for visualizing an AIXM data structure as in claim 1, wherein in step S5, the read entity visualization parameters are specific data information required to be provided for AIXM data visualization.
6. The method for visualizing an AIXM data structure as in claim 5, wherein the step S5, the method for processing the visualization parameters comprises format conversion of the entity AIXM data and integration of data information.
7. The method for visualizing an AIXM data structure of claim 1, wherein in step S6, the method for visualizing the entity in the visualization software is specifically: and simulating the entity by using the existing graph corresponding to the visualization parameter in the visualization software, and expressing the entity in the software to realize the visualization of the AIXM data structure.
8. An apparatus for visualizing an AIXM data structure, comprising:
the entity processing module is used for determining an AICM graph corresponding to an entity to be visualized;
the AIXM data determining module is used for determining corresponding AIXM data according to the AICM graph of the entity to be visualized;
and the visualization generating module is used for processing the entity visualization parameters in the entity AIXM data and performing visualization presentation in visualization software.
9. The apparatus for visualizing an AIXM data structure of claim 8, wherein the entity processing module determines its corresponding AICM graphic according to whether the entity to be visualized exists in a standard AICM;
when the entity is present in the standard AICM, it has a corresponding AICM graphic;
when the entity does not exist in the standard AICM, the entity is expanded by searching the entity related to the entity in the local aviation specification and actual operation, and the AICM graph corresponding to the entity related to the entity is used as the AICM graph corresponding to the entity to be visualized.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program with computer program executable instructions for causing a computer to perform any of the methods of claims 1-7.
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