CN111766779A - Converter gas and natural gas mixed heat value ratio stable control method - Google Patents
Converter gas and natural gas mixed heat value ratio stable control method Download PDFInfo
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- G05B13/00—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stable control method for the mixture ratio of the mixed heat values of converter gas and natural gas, which belongs to an automatic control method in the field of metallurgy and comprises the steps of S1, filtering all detection signals; s2, obtaining the heat value of the mixing point of the converter gas; s3, calculating the heat value change rate of the mixed gas, and predicting the maximum change of the heat value of the mixed gas; s4, calculating natural gas control flow and control interval time by a fuzzy control algorithm; and S5, controlling the natural gas flow by PID. Compared with the prior art, the method has the characteristics of high control precision and small heat value fluctuation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic control method in the field of metallurgy, in particular to a stable control method for the proportion of the mixed heat value of converter gas and natural gas.
Background
Converter heating is basic work of steel enterprises, converter gas heat value is low, in some combustion furnaces with high heat value requirements, the requirements cannot be met by adopting converter gas combustion alone, and a certain proportion of natural gas needs to be doped to improve the heat value of mixed combustion gas. The range of the fluctuation of the calorific value of the converter gas is large (1000 to1800kcal/m3) Therefore, in the prior art, a combustion detector is mostly adopted for detecting the heat value of the converter gas and the mixed gas, the detector has larger hysteresis, and factors such as the distance between a converter gas heat value detection point and a mixing point is far (1.5km), the heat value and the flow of the converter gas, the large fluctuation of the natural gas flow and the like are added, the natural gas flow is adjusted through a conventional PID (proportional integral derivative) control algorithm, and the fluctuation of the heat value is very large (plus or minus 100kcal) no matter the natural gas flow is calculated according to the heat value theory of the two gases or the natural gas flow is adjusted according to the feedback heat value of the mixed gas. The frequent adjustment of the combustion furnace flow caused by the fluctuation of the heat value increases the disturbance of the adjustment of the heat value ratio, the control precision is poor, the fluctuation range of the heat value of the mixed gas is increased more and more, and the temperature control of the combustion furnace is greatly influenced.
The conventional control method cannot realize the stable control of the heat value of the mixed gas, and the manual control cannot track the heat value of the converter gas in real time, so that a control algorithm must be improved to improve the heat value proportioning control precision and eliminate the large-range fluctuation of the heat value
Disclosure of Invention
The technical task of the invention is to provide a stable control method for the proportion of the mixed heat value of the converter gas and the natural gas to overcome the defects of large hysteresis of a heat value detector, large fluctuation of the heat value of the converter gas and unstable flow aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows: a stable control method for the mixture ratio of the converter gas and the natural gas is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, filtering all detection signals: the detection signals comprise a converter gas heat value, a converter gas flow, a natural gas flow and a mixed gas heat value; and calculating to obtain the stable filtering heat value of the converter gas, the filtering flow of the natural gas and the filtering heat value of the mixed gas.
S2, obtaining the heat value of the mixing point of the converter gas: when the accumulated flow is just equal to the volume of the whole pipeline by integrating the instantaneous flow of the coal gas from the current time to the front, the obtained front time is the flowing time t1 of the coal gas in the pipeline, namely the heat value of the coal gas at the current moment is the heat value detected by the coal gas outlet point before the moment t 1; and averaging the heat values of the gas at the detection point at the time t1 before the time delta t, namely taking the average heat value in the time period (-delta t-t1, -t1) as the heat value of the converter gas at the current mixing point.
S3, calculating the mixed gas heat value change rate, and predicting the maximum change of the mixed gas heat value: and obtaining the change rate of the calorific value of the mixed gas and the possible maximum change amount of the calorific value by adopting least square curve fitting.
S4, calculating the natural gas control flow and the control interval time by a fuzzy control algorithm: and calculating to obtain a heat value deviation according to the predicted maximum variation of the heat value, the filtering heat value of the mixed gas and the set heat value of the mixed gas, and obtaining the control flow of the natural gas through a fuzzy control algorithm by combining the filtering flow of the converter gas, the filtering flow of the natural gas and the heat value of a mixing point of the converter gas.
S5, natural gas flow PID control: the flow control of the natural gas is realized by a natural gas regulating valve; the flow control is realized by adopting a PID control algorithm, namely PID calculation is carried out according to the deviation of the natural gas control flow and the natural gas filtering flow, the valve opening is adjusted, and the required natural gas flow is obtained.
The filtering processing method in S1 adopts a two-stage filtering algorithm for calculation, where the two-stage filtering algorithm is second-order low-pass filtering and kalman filtering.
The calorific value of the mixed point gas calculated by the S2 algorithm needs to obtain the instantaneous flow and the calorific value in the past time period, and needs to store the previous numerical values, wherein the storage time is 2 times of the flowing time of the gas in the pipeline during normal production.
The specific method of S3 is as follows: carrying out least square curve fitting on n data before the heat value of the current mixed gas to obtain a fitting curve, obtaining the change rate k of the current heat value after derivation of the fitting curve, and then conjecturing the possible maximum change amount of the future heat value according to the change rate: the maximum variation is k × p, and p is an empirical coefficient.
The specific control flow of S4 is that in the fuzzy control algorithm, the thermal value deviation value needs to be fuzzified first, fuzzy inference is performed using the manual control experience rule base, the fuzzy control value obtained after the fuzzy inference needs to be defuzzified, and finally the required natural gas control flow is calculated by inference.
The above-mentioned calorific value deviation value is set as the calorific value- (actual calorific value + predicted calorific value maximum variation).
The control interval time in S4 described above is 45 seconds.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following outstanding beneficial effects:
1. the heat value of the converter gas is obtained through the integral calculation of the flow of the converter gas, so that the hysteresis of heat value detection is solved; converting the input signal into a continuous smooth curve by using a low-pass filtering algorithm and a Kalman filtering algorithm, and predicting the heat value change rate and the maximum change amount of the mixed gas by using a curve fitting algorithm; according to the converter gas flow, the heat value, the natural gas flow and the maximum variation of the heat value of the mixed gas, a fuzzy intelligent control algorithm is adopted to calculate to obtain the natural control flow and the interval adjustment time, so that the problem of heat value adjustment hysteresis is solved;
2. the control precision is high, the control precision is less than or equal to 20kcal, and the heat value fluctuation is small;
3. the dynamic optimal flow adjustment interval time greatly reduces the adjustment times of the natural gas valve;
4. the stable natural gas flow control reduces the use amount of natural gas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a control method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of fuzzy control of natural gas flow rate.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The invention relates to a method for stably controlling the mixture ratio of the mixed heat values of converter gas and natural gas, which has the following specific steps in a flow chart of the control method as shown in figure 1:
s1, filtering all detection signals
The detection signals comprise a converter gas heat value, a converter gas flow, a natural gas flow and a mixed gas heat value.
Because the flow and heat value of converter gas and natural gas are detected and fluctuated greatly, if the converter gas and natural gas are directly involved in control, the stability of the system is very poor, and input signals must be processed. The processing method adopts a two-stage filtering algorithm for calculation, and the two-stage filtering algorithm comprises the following steps: and second-order low-pass filtering and Kalman filtering, and calculating to obtain stable converter gas filtering heat value, converter gas filtering flow, natural gas filtering flow and mixed gas filtering heat value through a second-order filtering algorithm. And the subsequent control adopts a filtering value to calculate, so that the stability of the system is ensured.
S2, obtaining the mixed point heat value of the converter gas
The calorific value of the converter gas at the mixing point is a key parameter for calculating the flow of the blended natural gas. The detection point of the calorific value of the converter gas is at the outlet pipeline of the gas tank, the distance from the mixing point is far (about 1.5km), the time for the converter gas to flow from the outlet of the gas tank to the mixing point is about 20 minutes, and the flowing time is related to the flow, the diameter of the pipeline and the length of the pipeline.
The detection heat value of the converter gas at the current mixing point is the heat value of the outlet gas of the gas holder before the flow time of the pipeline, and the flow time is obtained by the equation:
And obtaining the meaning of the formula, namely when the accumulated flow is just equal to the whole pipeline volume by integrating the instantaneous gas flow from the current time, obtaining the previous time which is the flowing time t1 of the gas in the pipeline, namely the gas heat value at the current moment is the heat value detected by the gas outlet point before the moment t 1.
The detected heat value has certain hysteresis, namely the detected heat value cannot truly express the current actual heat value and needs to be reprocessed, and the processing method comprises the following steps: averaging the heat values of the gas at the detection point at the time t1 before the time delta t, namely taking the average heat value in the time period (-delta t-t1, -t1) as the heat value of the converter gas at the current mixing point, so that the truth degree of the heat value of the converter gas obtained in the way is very high.
The calorific value of the mixed point gas calculated by the algorithm needs to obtain the instantaneous flow and the calorific value in the past time period, and needs to store the previous numerical value, wherein the storage time is 2 times of the flowing time of the gas in the pipeline during normal production.
S3, calculating the heat value change rate of the mixed gas, and predicting the maximum change of the heat value of the mixed gas
The heat value ratio control is mainly adjusted according to the current heat value deviation amount, but the stable heat value control needs to predict the trend of the future gas heat value so as to process and adjust the consumption of natural gas in advance. The method is a key empirical parameter for stably controlling the calorific value of the mixed gas.
And the method for calculating the change rate of the calorific value of the mixed gas and the possible maximum variation of the calorific value is obtained by adopting least square curve fitting. The specific method comprises the following steps: and performing least square curve fitting on n data (collected 1 time in 1 second) before the heat value of the current mixed gas to obtain a fitting curve, obtaining the change rate k of the current heat value after derivation of the fitting curve, and then estimating the possible maximum change amount of the future heat value according to the change rate. The maximum variation is k × p, and p is an empirical coefficient.
S4, calculating natural gas control flow and control interval time by using fuzzy control algorithm
And calculating to obtain a heat value deviation according to the predicted maximum variation of the heat value, the filtering heat value of the mixed gas and the set heat value of the mixed gas, and obtaining the control flow of the natural gas through a fuzzy control algorithm by combining the filtering flow of the converter gas, the filtering flow of the natural gas and the heat value of a mixing point of the converter gas.
The specific control flow is shown in fig. 2: in the fuzzy control algorithm, firstly fuzzification processing is carried out on the heat value deviation value, fuzzy reasoning is carried out by utilizing a manual control experience rule base, defuzzification processing is carried out on a fuzzy control value obtained after the fuzzy reasoning, and finally the required natural gas control flow is calculated through reasoning. The method has the key points that the future heat value variable quantity is predicted to serve as the advance regulating quantity, so that the overshoot of regulation can be effectively prevented, and the problem of heat value overshoot caused by large hysteresis of heat value regulation is effectively solved.
And the heat value deviation value is set as the heat value- (the actual heat value + the predicted heat value maximum variation).
Because the detection of the heat value of the mixing point has hysteresis, the actual heat value of the mixed gas can be truly reflected after a period of time after the flow of the natural gas is adjusted once. This interval is optimized by searching and optimizing, and finally takes 45 seconds.
S5 natural gas flow PID control
The flow control of the natural gas is realized by a natural gas regulating valve. The flow control is realized by adopting a PID control algorithm, namely PID calculation is carried out according to the deviation of the natural gas control flow and the natural gas filtering flow, the valve opening is adjusted, and the required natural gas flow is obtained.
The control precision is less than or equal to 20kcal and the fluctuation of the heat value is small by the control of the method.
It should be noted that various algorithms related to the present invention are conventional calculation methods in the art, specific formulas and data are not described again, and the core and key point of the present invention lies in a method and a step collocation to overcome the control hysteresis defect in the prior art.
While the invention has been described in detail and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A stable control method for the mixture ratio of the converter gas and the natural gas is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, filtering all detection signals: the detection signals comprise a converter gas heat value, a converter gas flow, a natural gas flow and a mixed gas heat value; and calculating to obtain the stable filtering heat value of the converter gas, the filtering flow of the natural gas and the filtering heat value of the mixed gas.
S2, obtaining the heat value of the mixing point of the converter gas: when the accumulated flow is just equal to the volume of the whole pipeline by integrating the instantaneous flow of the coal gas from the current time to the front, the obtained front time is the flowing time t1 of the coal gas in the pipeline, namely the heat value of the coal gas at the current moment is the heat value detected by the coal gas outlet point before the moment t 1; and averaging the heat values of the gas at the detection point at the time t1 before the time delta t, namely taking the average heat value in the time period (-delta t-t1, -t1) as the heat value of the converter gas at the current mixing point.
S3, calculating the mixed gas heat value change rate, and predicting the maximum change of the mixed gas heat value: and obtaining the change rate of the calorific value of the mixed gas and the possible maximum change amount of the calorific value by adopting least square curve fitting.
S4, calculating the natural gas control flow and the control interval time by a fuzzy control algorithm: and calculating to obtain a heat value deviation according to the predicted maximum variation of the heat value, the filtering heat value of the mixed gas and the set heat value of the mixed gas, and obtaining the control flow of the natural gas through a fuzzy control algorithm by combining the filtering flow of the converter gas, the filtering flow of the natural gas and the heat value of a mixing point of the converter gas.
S5, natural gas flow PID control: the flow control of the natural gas is realized by a natural gas regulating valve; the flow control is realized by adopting a PID control algorithm, namely PID calculation is carried out according to the deviation of the natural gas control flow and the natural gas filtering flow, the valve opening is adjusted, and the required natural gas flow is obtained.
2. The method for stably controlling the mixture ratio of the converter gas and the natural gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the filtering processing method in S1 adopts a two-stage filtering algorithm for calculation, where the two-stage filtering algorithm is second-order low-pass filtering and kalman filtering.
3. The method for stably controlling the mixture ratio of the converter gas and the natural gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the calorific value of the mixed point gas calculated by the S2 algorithm needs to obtain the instantaneous flow and the calorific value in the past time period, and needs to store the previous numerical values, wherein the storage time is 2 times of the flowing time of the gas in the pipeline during normal production.
4. The method for stably controlling the mixture ratio of the converter gas and the natural gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the specific method of S3 is as follows: carrying out least square curve fitting on n data before the heat value of the current mixed gas to obtain a fitting curve, obtaining the change rate k of the current heat value after derivation of the fitting curve, and then conjecturing the possible maximum change amount of the future heat value according to the change rate: the maximum variation is k × p, and p is an empirical coefficient.
5. The method for stably controlling the mixture ratio of the converter gas and the natural gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the specific control flow of S4 is that in the fuzzy control algorithm, the thermal value deviation value needs to be fuzzified first, fuzzy inference is performed using the manual control experience rule base, the fuzzy control value obtained after the fuzzy inference needs to be defuzzified, and finally the required natural gas control flow is calculated by inference.
6. The method for stably controlling the mixture ratio of the converter gas and the natural gas according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the heat value deviation value is set as the heat value- (the actual heat value + the predicted heat value maximum variation).
7. The method for stably controlling the mixture ratio of the converter gas and the natural gas according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the control interval time in S4 is 45 seconds.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115818928A (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-03-21 | 虹阳显示(咸阳)科技有限公司 | Automatic control method, device and system for natural gas calorific value fluctuation of TFT (thin film transistor) liquid crystal glass kiln |
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| JPS55100910A (en) * | 1979-01-22 | 1980-08-01 | Nippon Steel Corp | Control of combustion at time of switching of hot blast stove |
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| CN109539812A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-03-29 | 南京梅山冶金发展有限公司 | A kind of sleeve kiln intelligent gas controlling device and control method |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115818928A (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-03-21 | 虹阳显示(咸阳)科技有限公司 | Automatic control method, device and system for natural gas calorific value fluctuation of TFT (thin film transistor) liquid crystal glass kiln |
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