CN111766659A - Controllable preparation device and method of nano optical fiber - Google Patents
Controllable preparation device and method of nano optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN111766659A CN111766659A CN202010769953.XA CN202010769953A CN111766659A CN 111766659 A CN111766659 A CN 111766659A CN 202010769953 A CN202010769953 A CN 202010769953A CN 111766659 A CN111766659 A CN 111766659A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a controllable preparation device of a nano optical fiber, which can realize the preparation of the nano optical fiber at the position to be pulled of a micro optical fiber to be processed, and comprises the following steps: a pulsed laser providing laser light; the micron optical fiber to be processed is suspended and positioned on the supporting table; the bare optical fiber adapter is used for connecting one end of the micro optical fiber to be processed with the output end of the pulse laser; and the micrometer sheet is arranged at the position to be pulled of the micrometer optical fiber and can form a near field effect with the micrometer optical fiber. By adjusting and fixing the relative position of the micron sheet and the micron optical fiber, the nano optical fiber with different gradient distributions can be prepared, the pulse number and the single pulse energy of the emergent laser are controlled, the precise regulation and control of the diameter of the nano optical fiber can be realized, the operation is simple, the operation is easy, and the real-time monitoring of the drawing process can be realized under the nanoscale.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of preparation of nano optical fibers, in particular to controllable preparation and a method of a nano optical fiber, which can realize accurate regulation and control of the diameter and the gradient of the nano optical fiber and have important application prospects in the fields of micro-nano photonics devices, micro-nano optical sensing and the like.
Background
Light and objectThe proton interaction is a subject of extensive research in recent years, and particularly, the research on the interaction between a single photon and a single atom. Because the resonance absorption cross section area of the single atom is lambda2In order, λ is the wavelength of the light absorbed, and this interaction is usually weak. A number of methods have been used to enhance the interaction of light with atoms, one being to increase the atom density and the other being to enhance the light field to achieve a more efficient, stronger interaction.
The micro-nano optical fiber is an optical fiber with the diameter ranging from micron to nanometer, has smaller size and stronger constraint capacity on a light field, thereby realizing higher power density, and has wide application in many aspects, such as precise spectrum, optical coupling devices, quantum storage, optical control and the like.
And the key to the realization of the method is that the reproducible nano optical fiber can be efficiently prepared. At present, a fusion-draw method is generally adopted to prepare a nano optical fiber, wherein the fusion-draw method is to locally heat the optical fiber by using heating equipment, when the optical fiber is in a molten state, tensile force is applied to two ends of the optical fiber, the optical fiber is thinned along the axial direction, and finally the nano optical fiber is formed in a range of one end. The preparation method has the advantages of good directivity, simple preparation process, low manufacturing cost and the like, but has the following problems: firstly, a fusion-draw method utilizes a semi-manual drawing nano optical fiber, and an operator needs to repeatedly try to prepare an ideal nano optical fiber, for example, the quality of the nano optical fiber is influenced by the inconsistency of the fixed tightness of the undrawn optical fiber and the inconsistency of the temperature position of the undrawn optical fiber at a heating source, and the repeatability is not high; secondly, in the drawing process, uncontrollable factors such as heating temperature, drawing speed, ambient temperature, ambient airflow and the like can influence the drawing effect; and thirdly, the nano optical fiber is prepared from the standard optical fiber, the nano optical fiber needs to be elongated by at least forty centimeters, the long-distance optical fiber with the micro-nano diameter is subjected to slight environmental airflow fluctuation, and the airflow impact of a heating area is easy to break. Slight deviation of the diameter and the surface topography of the nano optical fiber can cause the fluctuation of the sensitivity of a sensing device, so that certain influence is caused on acceptance and calibration of the sensing device, and further development of the optical device based on the micro-nano optical fiber is restricted.
Therefore, the research on the controllable nano optical fiber preparation device and method has certain value significance for improving the development of the nano optical fiber in the field of micro-nano photonic devices.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a controllable preparation device and method of a nano optical fiber, aiming at the problems of poor repeatability, difficult control of precision and the like of the nano optical fiber in the preparation process in the prior art, and can solve the problems of low repeatability, easy breakage caused by external environment and the like in the preparation process of the nano optical fiber in the prior art and finally draw the nano optical fiber with accurately controllable diameter and gradient.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a controllable preparation facilities of nanometer optic fibre can realize waiting to process the preparation of the position nanometer optic fibre that waits to draw of micron optic fibre, includes:
a pulsed laser providing laser light;
the micron optical fiber to be processed is suspended and positioned on the supporting table;
the bare optical fiber adapter is used for connecting one end of the micro optical fiber to be processed with the output end of the pulse laser;
and the micrometer sheet is arranged at the position to be pulled of the micrometer optical fiber and can form a near field effect with the micrometer optical fiber.
The controllable preparation device of the nano optical fiber mainly comprises a micron sheet and a pulse laser, wherein the micron sheet is arranged on the micro optical fiber to be processed, laser emitted by the pulse laser is coupled to the micro optical fiber, the position to be pulled is the position where the micron sheet is contacted with the micro optical fiber, and the controllable preparation of the nano optical fiber with different diameters and conicity can be realized by controlling parameters of the pulse laser and the micro optical fiber.
In the invention, the pulse number of the pulse laser can be actively regulated and controlled, and the nano optical fibers with different diameters are prepared by controlling the pulse number of the emergent laser. The diameter of the micron optical fiber is controlled, the adjustment and control of the taper of the nanometer optical fiber can be realized, and the adjustment and control precision can reach 0.7 degrees.
In the invention, the micron optical fiber is further preferably an optical fiber with the diameter within the range of 1-20 microns. For the micron optical fiber with larger diameter (the diameter is generally 6 microns to 20 microns), along the emitting direction of laser, the micron optical fiber at one side of the micron sheet can be subjected to a certain tensile acting force, so that the diameter of the micron optical fiber at two sides of the micron sheet is different, and the preparation of the gradient optical fiber is realized.
For the micro optical fiber with smaller diameter (the diameter is generally 5 microns and less), the optical fiber evanescent field is stronger, the heating is more obvious, and the micro sheet can gradually wrap the optical fiber in the heating process, so that the uniform heating can be carried out at the corresponding position, and the preparation of the uniform nano optical fiber is realized.
Preferably, the optical fiber processing device further comprises an optical fiber clamp for positioning the micro optical fiber to be processed on the support platform in a suspended manner.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
the electron gun emits an electron beam to scan the position to be pulled;
and the detector receives the information of the reflected electron beams and monitors the position to be pulled in real time.
Preferably, an electron beam microscope is included which monitors the position to be pulled in real time. And monitoring the drawing process of the nano optical fiber in real time by using an electron beam of a scanning electron microscope and a detector. An electron gun of an electron microscope is used for emitting an electron beam to scan the position to be pulled; and receiving the information of the reflected electron beams by using a detector of the electron microscope, and monitoring the position to be pulled in real time.
Preferably, the micron sheet includes a metal micron sheet and a semiconductor micron sheet having a laser absorption property.
Preferably, the pulse laser can be a wide-spectrum light source including a supercontinuum laser, and can also be a single-wavelength light source including a nanosecond pulse laser and a picosecond pulse laser; the micron optical fiber comprises a single mode optical fiber and a multimode optical fiber. The pulse number of the pulse laser can be actively regulated and controlled.
Preferably, the pulse laser further comprises a controller for controlling the working parameters of the pulse laser. The controller of the pulse laser can be a computer, a control chip or a control circuit board and the like, and is mainly used for controlling the number of pulse lasers and the energy of single pulses of the pulse laser so as to control the stretching size and the stretching precision.
Preferably, the invention provides a controllable preparation device for realizing the nano optical fiber, which comprises a micron optical fiber, a pair of optical fiber clamps, a micron sheet, a pulse laser, a bare fiber adapter, a supporting table, an electron gun and a detector. The two ends of the micron optical fiber are fixed on the optical fiber clamp, the optical fiber clamp is arranged on the supporting table, so that the micron optical fiber is in a suspended state, the micron sheet is arranged on the micron optical fiber, laser emitted by the pulse laser is coupled to the micron optical fiber through the bare optical fiber adapter, the position to be pulled is the position where the micron sheet is in contact with the micron optical fiber, the nano optical fiber with different diameter gradient distribution can be prepared by adjusting and fixing the relative position of the micron sheet and the micron optical fiber, the pulse number of the emitted laser is controlled, the nano optical fiber with different diameters is prepared, and the real-time process of stretching can be monitored in real time through an electron beam and a detector.
The direction of the micron optical fiber is the same as the stretching direction of the optical fiber.
Preferably, one side of the supporting platform is of a boss structure, the other side of the supporting platform is of a concave platform structure, the boss structure and the concave platform structure are in butt joint to form an integral Z-shaped step structure, and the optical fiber clamps are two groups arranged on the boss structure and are respectively used for fixing two ends of the micrometer optical fiber. After the positioning is finished, the micron fibers are suspended in the concave platform structure.
In the processing process, the part without the micron sheet has stronger supporting force, and provides enough supporting force for the position to be pulled in the processing process. Meanwhile, the micron sheet is adhered to the micron optical fiber through Van der Waals force, so that the stability of the micron sheet is further enhanced. And after the laser is applied, the acting force between the two parts is further enhanced because the parts on the contact surface are melted.
The invention has no strict requirement on the specific size of the micron sheet, and the micron sheet is generally from several microns to hundreds of microns. For example, 5 to 500 μm. In selecting the micron sheet with any size, the micron optical fiber needs to be stably supported by the micron optical fiber. Meanwhile, the selection is required according to the processing gradient requirement. Specifically, what kind of size of the micrometer piece needs to be selected, and the selection needs to be performed according to the actual gradient requirement to be processed, the processing precision requirement and the like. After the micron sheet with a certain size is selected, multiple times of preliminary experiments can be carried out on the micron sheet, the tensile size obtained by adding pulse laser with certain intensity is determined, multiple times of experiments can quickly determine the pulse number of the applied laser and the quantitative relation between the pulse intensity and the tensile size of the optical fiber for the micron sheet with the certain size, and further automatic control is realized in subsequent processing. Of course, the quantitative relation among the laser application time, the laser intensity and the optical fiber stretching size can be determined by multiple times of the supercontinuum laser, and automatic control is realized during subsequent processing.
A controllable preparation method of a nano optical fiber comprises the following steps: the device of any one of the above technical schemes is used for preparation:
(1) one end of a micro-fiber to be processed is fixed with the output end of a pulse laser through a bare fiber adapter;
(2) suspending and positioning the micron optical fiber to be processed on the support table;
(3) putting the micron sheet at the position to be pulled of the micron optical fiber to be processed;
(4) starting a pulse laser, and manufacturing a nano optical fiber with a target size by controlling laser parameters;
the order of the step (1) and the step (2) can be exchanged or carried out simultaneously.
Preferably, the micro-fiber to be processed is a micro-fiber array. By adopting the technical scheme, the nano-drawing processing of the positions to be drawn of the plurality of micro-fibers can be realized.
The invention can clamp a micron optical fiber array through a pair of optical fiber clamps, the optical fiber clamps are arranged on a support table, so that the micron optical fiber is in a suspended state, a micron sheet is arranged on the micron optical fiber, pulse laser is introduced into one end of the micron optical fiber, then laser in a pulse laser is coupled into the micron optical fiber through a bare optical fiber adapter, nano optical fibers with different gradient distributions can be prepared by adjusting and fixing the relative positions of the micron sheet and the micron optical fiber, nano optical fibers with different diameters can be prepared by controlling the number of the pulse laser and the energy of a single pulse, the nano optical fiber with controllable diameter and gradient is finally prepared, in the whole stretching process, the electron beam imaging and a detector are utilized to carry out real-time monitoring on the nano stretching process, and the stretching precision can reach 1 nanometer; the diameter of the micron optical fiber is controlled, the adjustment and control of the taper of the nanometer optical fiber can be realized, and the adjustment and control precision can reach 0.7 degrees.
Preferably, after one of the positions to be pulled is processed, the residual micrometer sheet at the position is removed, a new micrometer sheet is taken, and the other positions to be pulled of the micrometer optical fiber are processed according to the steps (3) and (4), so that the nanometer optical fiber with a plurality of nanometer optical fiber structures is prepared. By adopting the technical scheme, the processing of the nano optical fibers at different positions on the same micron optical fiber can be realized.
The method for removing the residual micron sheet is generally a chemical solution removal method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention prepares the nano optical fiber on the basis of the micro optical fiber, avoids the problem of fracture caused by overlong length of the nano optical fiber directly prepared based on a fusion-drawing method, and greatly improves the preparation efficiency and the success rate of the nano optical fiber. In addition, the method effectively reduces the problem that the performance of the device based on the nano optical fiber is influenced by the external environment (such as airflow, vibration and the like).
(2) The invention can realize the accurate control of the diameter of the nano optical fiber through the pulse number of the pulse laser, and the control accuracy can reach 1 nanometer.
(3) The invention can realize the precise control of the gradient of the nano optical fiber by controlling the diameters of the micron sheet and the micron optical fiber, and the control precision can reach 0.7 degree.
(4) The nano optical fiber drawing system can be carried out in vacuum, and the diameter and the taper of the nano optical fiber can be monitored in real time by using an electron microscope.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the structure of a manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a diameter-controllable nano-fiber prepared according to the present invention, (a) a micro-fiber; (b) a diameter-controllable nano-fiber; (c) the taper can be controlled nanometer optical fiber.
FIG. 3 is an integrated perspective view of the fabrication apparatus structure and electron microscope system of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a first optical fiber clamp, 2-a second optical fiber clamp, 3-micron optical fiber, 4-micron sheet, 5-pulse laser, 6-bare optical fiber adapter, 7-support table, 8-electron gun, 9-detector;
FIG. 4 is a drawing diagram of a gradient nano-fiber; in the device, the diameter of the micron optical fiber is 7.28 microns, the transverse dimension of the micron sheet is 31.48 microns, the longitudinal dimension of the micron sheet is 30.38 microns, the stretching time of the device is 30 seconds, the repetition frequency of a laser is 100kHz, the number of pulse lasers is 300 ten thousand, the single pulse energy is 4 microjoules, the single pulse width is 4 nanoseconds, and the stretching precision of the uniform nanometer optical fiber is 0.8667 nanometers.
FIG. 5 is a drawing diagram of a uniform nanofiber; in the device, the diameter of a micron optical fiber is 3.24 microns, the transverse dimension of a micron sheet is 29.94 microns, the longitudinal dimension of the micron sheet is 23.11 microns, the stretching time of the device is 22 seconds, the repetition frequency of a laser is 100kHz, the number of pulse lasers is 220 tens of thousands, the single pulse energy is 4 microjoules, the single pulse width is 4 nanoseconds, and the stretching precision of a gradient nanometer optical fiber is 0.6955 degrees.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
A controllable preparation device and method of a nanometer optical fiber comprise an optical fiber clamp, a micrometer sheet, a pulse laser, a bare optical fiber adapter, a supporting table, an electron gun and a detector. The two ends of the micron optical fiber to be processed are fixed on an optical fiber clamp, the optical fiber clamp is arranged on a support table, so that the micron optical fiber is in a suspended state, the micron sheet is arranged on the micron optical fiber, laser emitted by a pulse laser is coupled to the micron optical fiber through a bare optical fiber adapter, the position to be pulled is the position where the micron sheet is in contact with the micron optical fiber, the nano optical fiber with different diameter gradient distribution can be prepared by adjusting and fixing the relative position of the micron sheet and the micron optical fiber, the pulse number of the emitted laser is controlled, the nano optical fiber with different diameters is prepared, and the real-time process of stretching can be monitored in real time through an electron beam and a detector.
Wherein, the direction of the micron optical fiber is the same as the stretching direction of the optical fiber.
The micron optical fiber comprises a single mode optical fiber and a multimode optical fiber.
Wherein, the micron sheet comprises a metal micron sheet and a semiconductor micron sheet.
The pulse number of the pulse laser can be actively regulated and controlled.
Wherein, the pulse laser is a broad spectrum laser or a single wavelength laser.
Wherein, the electron gun and the detector are the electron gun and the detector in an electron beam microscope.
As shown in fig. 1, a controllable preparation apparatus for a nanofiber, a pair of fiber clamps are a first fiber clamp 1 and a second fiber clamp 2, respectively, a micron sheet 4 is disposed on a microfiber 3, two ends of the microfiber 3 are fixed on the first fiber clamp 1 and the second fiber clamp 2, respectively, the fiber clamps are disposed on a support 9, so that the microfiber is in a suspended state, a pulse laser 5 couples the emitted laser to the microfiber 1 through a bare fiber adapter 6, and a controller (such as a signal generator) can be used in cooperation to control working parameters (pulse emission frequency, pulse number, pulse intensity, etc.) of the pulse laser, and by controlling the pulse number and single pulse energy of the pulse laser, precise control of the diameter and gradient of the nanofiber is achieved.
As shown in fig. 3, the apparatus of the present invention may be placed in an electron microscope system to form an integrated structure, and the electron emitted from an electron gun 8 of the electron microscope system is used to image a sample, and a detector 9 is used to detect the sample, so as to realize real-time monitoring of the nano-fiber preparation process.
A controllable preparation method of a nano optical fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) one end of a micro-fiber to be processed is fixed with the output end of a pulse laser through a bare fiber adapter;
(2) suspending and positioning the micron optical fiber to be processed on the supporting platform;
(3) putting the micron sheet at the position to be pulled of the micron optical fiber to be processed;
(4) starting a pulse laser, and manufacturing nano optical fibers with different diameters by controlling laser parameters;
the order of the step (1) and the step (2) can be exchanged or carried out simultaneously.
The processing principle of the invention is as follows: in the integrated system composed of the micro optical fiber and the micro sheet, due to the strong evanescent field effect of the micro optical fiber, a part of light energy can be coupled into an evanescent field of an external environment from a waveguide mode, the evanescent field interacts with the micro sheet to form a near field enhancement effect, an instantaneous local light field is converted into a thermal field, and the integrated system forms a temperature gradient at two ends of the micro sheet due to the near field effect, so that a gradient force along the axial direction of the micro optical fiber is formed, and the drawing effect of the micro optical fiber is realized.
The micro-fiber to be processed can be a micro-fiber array. By adopting the technical scheme, the nano-drawing processing of the positions to be drawn of the plurality of micro-fibers can be realized.
And (4) after one position to be pulled is processed, removing the residual micrometer sheet at the position, taking a new micrometer sheet, processing other positions to be pulled of the micrometer optical fiber according to the step (3) and the step (4), and preparing the nanometer optical fiber with a plurality of nanometer optical fiber structures.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a diameter-controllable nanofiber prepared by the method of the present invention, (a) a microfiber; (b) a diameter-controllable nano-fiber; (c) the taper can be controlled nanometer optical fiber. The optical fiber processing method comprises the following steps of (a) processing a micro optical fiber to be processed, (b) processing a nano optical fiber obtained by processing the micro optical fiber with the diameter of 2-4 microns, and (c) processing a micro optical fiber obtained by processing the micro optical fiber with the diameter of 6-10 microns; by utilizing the device and the method, the nano optical fibers with different gradient distributions can be prepared by adjusting and fixing the relative positions of the micron sheet and the micron optical fibers, the nano optical fibers with different diameters can be prepared by controlling the number of pulse lasers and the energy of a single pulse, the nano optical fibers with controllable diameters and gradients are finally prepared, the nano optical fibers with controllable diameters and gradients are monitored in real time by utilizing electron beam imaging and a detector in the whole stretching process, and the stretching precision can reach 1 nanometer; the diameter of the micron optical fiber is controlled, the adjustment and control of the taper of the nanometer optical fiber can be realized, and the adjustment and control precision can reach 0.7 degrees.
FIG. 4 is a drawing diagram of a gradient nano-fiber; in the device, the diameter of the micron optical fiber is 7.28 microns, the transverse dimension of the micron sheet is 31.48 microns, the longitudinal dimension of the micron sheet is 30.38 microns, the stretching time of the device is 30 seconds, the repetition frequency of a laser is 100kHz, the number of pulse lasers is 3000k, the single pulse energy is 4 microjoules, the single pulse width is 4 nanoseconds, and the stretching precision of the uniform nanometer optical fiber is 0.8667 nanometers.
FIG. 5 is a drawing diagram of a uniform nanofiber; in the device, the diameter of a micron optical fiber is 3.24 microns, the transverse dimension of a micron sheet is 29.94 microns, the longitudinal dimension of the micron sheet is 23.11 microns, the stretching time of the device is 22 seconds, the repetition frequency of a laser is 100kHz, the number of pulse lasers is 2200k, the single pulse energy is 4 microjoules, the single pulse width is 4 nanoseconds, and the stretching precision of the gradient nanometer optical fiber is 0.6955 degrees.
Claims (10)
1. A controllable preparation facilities of nanometer optic fibre, characterized by that, can realize waiting to process the preparation of micrometer optic fibre and waiting to draw the position nanometer optic fibre, include:
a pulsed laser providing laser light;
the micron optical fiber to be processed is suspended and positioned on the supporting table;
the bare optical fiber adapter is used for connecting one end of the micro optical fiber to be processed with the output end of the pulse laser;
and the micrometer sheet is arranged at the position to be pulled of the micrometer optical fiber and can form a near field effect with the micrometer optical fiber.
2. The apparatus for controllably preparing a nanofiber as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a fiber clamp for positioning the microfiber to be processed on the supporting stage in a floating manner.
3. The apparatus for controllably producing a nanofiber as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
the electron gun emits an electron beam to scan the position to be pulled;
and the detector receives the transmission electron beam information and monitors the position to be pulled in real time.
4. The apparatus for controllably producing a nanofiber as claimed in claim 1, comprising an electron beam microscope for monitoring the position to be drawn in real time.
5. The apparatus for controllably producing a nanofiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the micro-slab comprises a metal micro-slab and a semiconductor micro-slab having a laser absorption property.
6. The apparatus for controllably producing a nanofiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pulse laser is a broad spectrum light source or a single wavelength light source; the wide-spectrum light source comprises a super-continuous laser, and the single-wavelength light source comprises a nanosecond pulse laser and a picosecond pulse laser; the micron optical fiber comprises a single mode optical fiber and a multimode optical fiber.
7. The apparatus for controllably producing a nanofiber as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a controller for controlling an operating parameter of the pulse laser.
8. A controllable preparation method of a nano optical fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps: use of the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7:
(1) one end of a micro-fiber to be processed is fixed with the output end of a pulse laser through a bare fiber adapter;
(2) suspending and positioning the micron optical fiber to be processed on the support table;
(3) putting the micron sheet at the position to be pulled of the micron optical fiber to be processed;
(4) starting a pulse laser, and manufacturing a nano optical fiber with a target size by controlling laser parameters;
the order of the step (1) and the step (2) can be exchanged or carried out simultaneously.
9. The controllable preparation method of the nano optical fiber according to claim 8, wherein the micro optical fiber to be processed is a micro optical fiber array.
10. The controllable preparation method of the nano-optical fiber according to claim 8, wherein after one of the positions to be drawn is processed, the residual micro-sheet at the position is removed, a new micro-sheet is taken, and the other positions to be drawn of the micro-optical fiber are processed according to the steps (3) and (4), so as to prepare the nano-optical fiber with a plurality of nano-optical fiber structures.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113050219A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-06-29 | 西湖大学 | Active on-chip modulator based on light-mechanical interaction and regulation and control method |
| CN113534348A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-10-22 | 西湖大学 | Method and device for driving micro-nano object on chip based on optical force and application |
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