CN111766457A - GIL insulator surface charge on-line monitoring system based on electrostatic probe - Google Patents
GIL insulator surface charge on-line monitoring system based on electrostatic probe Download PDFInfo
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- CN111766457A CN111766457A CN202010447670.3A CN202010447670A CN111766457A CN 111766457 A CN111766457 A CN 111766457A CN 202010447670 A CN202010447670 A CN 202010447670A CN 111766457 A CN111766457 A CN 111766457A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a GIL insulator surface charge online monitoring system based on an electrostatic probe, which comprises the electrostatic probe, wherein the electrostatic probe comprises three fan-shaped red copper electrodes uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the electrostatic probe, fan-shaped epoxy insulators are fixed between the fan-shaped red copper electrodes, and the epoxy insulators are fixedly connected with the insulators; the fan-shaped annular red copper electrodes are connected with resistance voltage dividing arms, the resistance voltage dividing arms are electrically connected with operational amplifiers, and the operational amplifiers are electrically connected with induction potential data acquisition devices for detecting the fan-shaped annular red copper electrodes. The electrostatic probe is pre-installed near a GIL insulator ground electrode, and the induced voltage of the probe is stored in real time through a data acquisition system, so that the surface charge accumulation condition can be monitored in real time; the electrostatic probe is used for measuring the surface charge in a non-contact mode, the original surface charge distribution cannot be damaged, and the probe is designed in a circular ring mode again, so that the distortion of the probe to an original electric field can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electricity, and particularly relates to a GIL insulator surface charge online monitoring system based on an electrostatic probe.
Background
Gas-insulated transmission line (GIL) has the advantages of large transmission capacity, high reliability, small floor area, environmental friendliness and the like, and is widely concerned by researchers. However, currently commissioned GILs operate essentially in an ac fashion, and dc GILs have not yet been commissioned. The reason is that charges are easy to accumulate on the surface of the GIL insulator which runs under the direct-current voltage for a long time, the original electric field is distorted by the accumulation of the charges on the surface, and the flashover voltage is reduced. The accumulation of surface charge of the insulator is one of the key factors that restrict the wide application of the direct current GIL, except for metal particles. Therefore, it is necessary to study the mechanism of charge accumulation on the surface of the insulator to reduce the occurrence of flashover accidents. Accurate measurement of the surface charge distribution of the insulator is a prerequisite for the research of the accumulation mechanism of the insulator.
At present, the capacitance type electrostatic probe has simple structure and low cost, and is an ideal measuring method for surface charge. A capacitive electrostatic probe was proposed by Davies in 1967, the probe structure being shown in figure 1. The inner conductor of the probe has a certain potential due to electrostatic induction, and the grounding treatment of the outer conductor can shield the influence of the charge around the surface to be detected. A larger along-surface leakage distance is adopted between the inner conductor and the outer conductor, so that the along-surface leakage of the induced charges is restrained. In addition, the voltage follower circuit formed by the operational amplifier realizes the real-time acquisition of the induction potential. Because the operational amplifier has higher input impedance, the charge leakage caused by the operational amplifier can be effectively reduced, and the accuracy of measurement is ensured. The measured surface potential is subjected to an inversion algorithm (e.g.:
functional method), the surface charge distribution is calculated.
The diameter of the induction conductor of the capacitive electrostatic probe is only a few millimeters, so that the probe has high spatial resolution. In order to realize the measurement of the surface potential of the whole insulator, a multipoint measurement method is often adopted. The positions of the probe and the insulator (such as the distance from the probe to the surface of the insulator, the rotation angle of the insulator, the vertical position and the like) are adjusted in real time through the mechanical arm, and the accuracy of measurement is guaranteed. In addition, the output voltage of the operational amplifier is stored in real time through an oscilloscope and is used for subsequent surface charge inversion calculation.
However, the induced voltage of the conductor in the capacitive electrostatic probe is acquired in real time by adopting an operational amplifier, and the voltage input range of the operational amplifier is usually lower (such as +/-20V), which is far smaller than the actual operation voltage of the GIL insulator. Therefore, the capacitive electrostatic probe cannot satisfy the online measurement of the surface charge of the GIL insulator. In addition, in order to improve the spatial resolution of the probe measurement, the inductive conductor inside the probe is usually designed in a cylindrical shape, and the introduction of the probe distorts the initial two-dimensional axisymmetric electric field inside the GIL.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention discloses a GIL insulator surface charge online monitoring system based on an electrostatic probe, wherein the electrostatic probe is preinstalled near a GIL insulator ground electrode, and the surface charge accumulation condition can be monitored in real time by storing the probe induction voltage in real time through a data acquisition system; the electrostatic probe is used for measuring the surface charge in a non-contact mode, the original surface charge distribution cannot be damaged, and the probe is designed in a circular ring mode again, so that the distortion of the probe to an original electric field can be effectively reduced. The section of the circular ring is of a circular structure, so that partial discharge on the surface of the electrode can be effectively inhibited, and the characteristic parameters of the electrostatic probe can be optimally designed according to actual GIL (general induced voltage) running voltage and the geometric dimension of the insulator, such as: the number of electrodes, the ring width, the arc length, the installation position of the probe and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a GIL insulator surface charge online monitoring system based on an electrostatic probe comprises the electrostatic probe 5, wherein the electrostatic probe 5 comprises three fan-ring-shaped red copper electrodes 6 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the electrostatic probe 5, fan-ring-shaped epoxy insulators 7 are fixed between the fan-ring-shaped red copper electrodes 6, and the epoxy insulators 7 are fixedly connected with a grounding shell 4; the fan-shaped annular red copper electrodes 6 are connected with resistance voltage dividing arms through leads, the resistance voltage dividing arms are electrically connected with operational amplifiers, and the operational amplifiers are electrically connected with an oscilloscope.
In a further improvement, the data acquisition system comprises a high-voltage resistor electrically connected with the fan-shaped annular red copper electrode 6, a resistor voltage-dividing arm is electrically connected with a grounded low-voltage resistor and an operational amplifier, and the operational amplifier is electrically connected with an oscilloscope.
Further improvement, the arc width of the fan-shaped annular red copper electrode 6 is 1mm, the arc length is 87mm, and the vertical distance from the surface of the insulator 1 is 0.6 mm; the electrostatic probe 5 is at a distance of 0.4mm from the grounded enclosure 4.
In a further improvement, the insulator 1 is arranged in a gas insulated transmission line; the gas insulated transmission line comprises a high-voltage conductor 3 and a grounding shell 4, and the insulator is arranged between the high-voltage conductor 3 and the grounding shell 4.
In a further improvement, the high-voltage resistor is a resistor which is realized by adopting a multi-stage series connection mode 1015A large electrical set of resistors of the order of omega.
In a further improvement, the number, the arc length, the ring width, the vertical distance from the surface of the insulator and the distance from the grounding shell 4 of the fan-shaped annular red copper electrodes 6 are input into COMSOL Multiphysics multi-physical field simulation software, the range of the induced potential of the electrodes 6 of the electrostatic probe 5 is obtained through prediction, and the resistance value of the low-voltage resistor in the voltage dividing arm and the safety threshold value of surface charge accumulation are obtained according to the range of the induced potential of the electrodes of the electrostatic probe 5.
In a further improvement, the data acquisition device monitors the accumulation degree of the surface charges of the insulator in real time according to the difference value between the induction potential of the fan-shaped red copper electrode 6 when the gas insulated transmission line is just electrified and runs and the induction potential of the fan-shaped red copper electrode 6 when the gas insulated transmission line normally transmits power; comparing the average induction potential or the maximum induction potential of the three fan-shaped red copper electrodes 6 with a safety threshold; and when the average induced potential or the maximum induced potential exceeds a preset safety threshold, the oscilloscope gives an alarm through the alarm connected wirelessly.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) online monitoring: the electrode induction voltage is subjected to voltage reduction treatment through the voltage division arm, and the limitation of the operational amplifier on the voltage input range is met. In addition, the electrostatic probe is pre-installed near the ground electrode of the GIL insulator, and the induced voltage of the probe is stored in real time through the data acquisition system, so that the accumulation condition of surface charges can be monitored in real time.
2) Nondestructive testing: the electrostatic probe is used for measuring the surface charge in a non-contact mode, and the original surface charge distribution cannot be damaged. In addition, the probe adopts a circular ring design, so that the distortion of the probe to the original electric field can be effectively reduced. The section of the circular ring is of a circular structure, so that partial discharge on the surface of the electrode can be effectively inhibited.
3) The design is flexible: according to the actual GIL operating voltage and the geometric dimension of the insulator, optimally designing the characteristic parameters of the electrostatic probe, such as: the number of electrodes, the ring width, the arc length, the installation position of the probe and the like.
4) The structure is simple: the electrostatic probe is designed by a circular ring, and the cross section of the circular ring is of a circular structure.
5) The cost is low: the manufacturing process is mature, and the material price is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional electrostatic probe;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an electrostatic probe according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a data acquisition system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an electrostatic probe according to the present invention;
fig. 5 shows induced potential distributions for different surface charge accumulation cases.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
Example 1
The invention provides a novel GIL insulator surface charge online monitoring system, which adopts a capacitance type electrostatic probe to perform online monitoring on the surface charge accumulation degree of an insulator.
The metal electrode has a certain potential due to the electrostatic induction phenomenon in the electric field. The magnitude of the potential is proportional to the strength of the field source (e.g., electrode voltage, surface charge, and space charge) and inversely proportional to the distance to the field source. For the direct current GIL, the operation voltage is stable, and only the surface charge accumulated on the gas-solid interface is the only changing field source under the condition that the space charge is ignored. Therefore, the surface charge accumulation degree of the GIL insulator can be judged by monitoring the change of the induced potential on the metal electrode.
The electrostatic probe designed by the invention is shown in figure 2. The electrostatic probe consists of three symmetrically distributed fan-shaped red copper electrodes, and the electrodes are effectively insulated by epoxy resin. The electrostatic probe is integrally in a circular ring structure, and the influence of the installation of the probe on a GIL two-dimensional axisymmetric electric field can be effectively reduced. In addition, the cross section of the circular ring adopts a circular design, so that partial discharge of the red copper electrode is avoided.
Because the actual GIL operation voltage is higher, the induced potential of the red copper electrode is far larger than the input range of the operational amplifier, and a resistance voltage-dividing arm is necessary to be adopted for voltage reduction treatment. The voltage division arm consists of a high-voltage large resistor and a low-voltage small resistor. The large resistor is implemented in multi-stage series 10 with reference to the input impedance of the operational amplifier15Of the order of omega, thereby reducing charge leakage along the divider arm. The voltage on the low-voltage resistor is collected in real time by using an operational amplifier (such as AD549LH) to form a voltage follower, as shown in FIG. 3.
Because the internal electric field of the GIL adopts a two-dimensional axisymmetric design, the induction voltages of the three red copper electrodes are approximately equal. However, in the actual GIL, there are insulation defects (such as gas-electrode-insulator triple points, metal particles on the surface of the insulator, metal protrusions on the surface of the high-voltage conductor, etc.), and partial discharge inevitably occurs during the operation. The charged particles generated by partial discharge migrate to the surface of the insulator along the electric field lines, resulting in surface charge accumulation, which distorts the original electric field distribution. Therefore, the induced potential of the red copper electrode inevitably fluctuates. According to the difference value between the induction potentials of the red copper electrode (6) in the GIL rigid connection operation moment and the normal operation moment, the surface charge accumulation degree of the insulator can be monitored in real time.
In order to realize the online monitoring of the surface charge of the insulator, the number of red copper electrodes, the arc length, the ring width, the vertical distance from the surface of the insulator, the distance from a grounding shell (4) and other characteristic parameters are calculated based on COMSOL Multiphysics multi-physical-field simulation software according to the actual GIL running voltage and the geometric dimension of the insulator, the range of the induced potential of the electrodes is evaluated, and the resistance value of the low-voltage resistor in the voltage division arm and the safety threshold value of the surface charge accumulation are further determined. And then, pre-installing the designed electrostatic probe near the ground electrode of the insulator, and matching with a data acquisition system consisting of a voltage division arm, a voltage follower circuit and an oscilloscope, so as to realize online monitoring of surface charge accumulation of the GIL insulator.
A schematic view of the installation of the new electrostatic probe is shown in fig. 4.
Wherein, the number of the red copper electrodes is 3, the arc width is 1mm, and the arc length is 87 mm. The electrode was 0.4mm away from the ground and 0.6mm perpendicular to the surface of the epoxy insulator. Wherein the high-voltage conductor has an operating voltage of 100 kV. The electrode induced voltages with and without surface charge accumulation are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 surface potential distribution
As can be seen from Table 1, when charges are accumulated on the surface of the insulator, the induced voltage changes accordingly. Therefore, the presence or absence of charge accumulation on the surface of the insulator can be judged by monitoring the fluctuation of the induced voltage.
The electrode induced voltages for different surface charge accumulation cases are shown in fig. 5. As can be seen, the induced voltage varies linearly with the surface charge. Therefore, the magnitude of the induced voltage can reflect the accumulation condition of the surface charge of the insulator in real time.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A GIL insulator surface charge online monitoring system based on an electrostatic probe is characterized by comprising the electrostatic probe (5), wherein the electrostatic probe (5) comprises three fan-shaped red copper electrodes (6) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the electrostatic probe (5), fan-shaped epoxy insulators (7) are fixed between the fan-shaped red copper electrodes (6), and the epoxy insulators (7) are fixedly connected with a grounding shell (4); the fan-shaped red copper electrodes (6) are connected with resistance voltage dividing arms through leads, the resistance voltage dividing arms are electrically connected with operational amplifiers, and the operational amplifiers are electrically connected with oscilloscopes.
2. The electrostatic probe-based GIL insulator surface charge online monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said data acquisition system comprises a high voltage resistor electrically connected with fan-ring shaped red copper electrode (6), a resistor voltage dividing arm electrically connected with a grounded low voltage resistor and an operational amplifier, the operational amplifier is electrically connected with an oscilloscope.
3. The electrostatic probe-based GIL insulator surface charge on-line monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fan-ring shaped red copper electrode (6) has an arc width of 1mm, an arc length of 87mm, and a vertical distance to the surface of the insulator (1) of 0.6 mm; the distance between the electrostatic probe (5) and the grounding shell (4) is 0.4 mm.
4. The electrostatic probe based GIL insulator surface charge on-line monitoring system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said insulator (1) is installed in a gas insulated transmission line; the gas insulated transmission line comprises a high-voltage conductor (3) and a grounding shell (4), and the insulator is arranged between the high-voltage conductor (3) and the grounding shell (4).
5. The electrostatic probe-based GIL insulator surface charge online monitoring system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said high voltage resistor is a large resistor group with a resistance of 1015 Ω magnitude implemented by a multi-stage series connection.
6. The electrostatic probe-based GIL insulator surface charge online monitoring system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the number of the fan-shaped ring-shaped red copper electrodes (6), the arc length, the ring width, the vertical distance from the insulator surface and the distance from the grounded shell (4) are input into COMSOL Multiphysics multi-physical field simulation software, the range of the induced potential of the electrodes (6) of the electrostatic probe (5) is predicted, and the resistance value of the low-voltage resistor in the voltage divider arm and the safety threshold value of the surface charge accumulation are obtained according to the range of the induced potential of the electrodes of the electrostatic probe (5).
7. The electrostatic probe-based GIL insulator surface charge online monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein said data acquisition device monitors the degree of accumulation of surface charges of the insulator in real time according to the difference between the induced potential of the fan-shaped red copper electrode (6) when the gas insulated transmission line is just powered on and the induced potential of the fan-shaped red copper electrode (6) when the gas insulated transmission line is normally transmitting power; comparing the average induction potential or the maximum induction potential of the three fan-shaped red copper electrodes (6) with a safety threshold value; and when the average induced potential or the maximum induced potential exceeds a preset safety threshold, the oscilloscope gives an alarm through the alarm connected wirelessly.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113311252A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-27 | 湖南大学 | Rapid evaluation method for surface charge accumulation severity of direct-current GIL insulator |
| CN114633987A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-06-17 | 张轶 | Winding drum dust collector is carried to cop of intelligence weaving usefulness |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113311252A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-27 | 湖南大学 | Rapid evaluation method for surface charge accumulation severity of direct-current GIL insulator |
| CN114633987A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-06-17 | 张轶 | Winding drum dust collector is carried to cop of intelligence weaving usefulness |
| CN114633987B (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2023-12-15 | 山东荣沣纺织有限公司 | Bobbin yarn conveying and winding drum dust removal device for intelligent spinning |
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