CN111765798A - Waste heat boiler heat pipe exchanger online intelligent diagnosis and bypass protection device and control method - Google Patents
Waste heat boiler heat pipe exchanger online intelligent diagnosis and bypass protection device and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111765798A CN111765798A CN201910254637.6A CN201910254637A CN111765798A CN 111765798 A CN111765798 A CN 111765798A CN 201910254637 A CN201910254637 A CN 201910254637A CN 111765798 A CN111765798 A CN 111765798A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G1/00—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances
- F28G1/16—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris
- F28G1/166—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris from external surfaces of heat exchange conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
- F23J3/02—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G15/00—Details
- F28G15/003—Control arrangements
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Abstract
The invention relates to an on-line intelligent diagnosis and bypass protection device for a heat pipe exchanger of a waste heat boiler, which comprises the waste heat boiler, a flue gas pipeline, a blower, an electric control valve, a lifting device, a cylinder propelling mechanism, a rocker arm, a push block, a heavy hammer piston, a blowing gas storage tank, a water inlet regulating valve and a heat pipe exchanger, wherein the front flue gas pipeline and the rear flue gas pipeline of the heat pipe exchanger in the middle of production of the waste heat boiler are additionally provided with temperature measuring points at the temperature measuring points of pressure measuring points, the intelligent diagnosis ash cleaning self-cleaning device is additionally provided with the blowing gas storage tank, high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the gas storage tank through the blower, a compressed air source is introduced through the electric control valve of a total air source for pressure blowing, the blowing gas storage tank is connected with the heat pipe exchanger through three groups of electric control valves, and the heavy hammer piston device is additionally arranged in the blowing The device is clean, simultaneously to the trouble of heat pipe exchanger, prevents dry combustion method and heat pipe explosion, and the flue gas bypass device of action can be judged in automated inspection to this scheme, guarantees heat pipe and boiler production safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a protection device, in particular to an on-line intelligent diagnosis and bypass protection device for a heat pipe exchanger of a waste heat boiler, and belongs to the technical field of heat pipe exchanger devices of waste heat boilers.
Background
The heat pipe heat exchanger is a more important device for utilizing and converting waste heat in the production process of a dry quenching waste heat boiler, and high-temperature flue gas (1000 ℃) discharged by replacing red coke heat with nitrogen in the dry quenching furnace enters the waste heat boiler after primary dust removal and exchanges heat with steam to produce steam to drive a steam turbine generator to generate power. And (3) carrying out secondary dust removal on the flue gas subjected to heat exchange in the waste heat boiler, sending the flue gas at about 170 ℃ into a heat pipe heat exchanger through a fan for secondary heat exchange, heating the deoxygenated water supply temperature to 65 ℃, and reducing the temperature of the flue gas subjected to heat exchange to about 140 ℃ for recycling, entering a dry quenching furnace, and replacing heat for recycling. Therefore, the heat pipe heat exchange device is a heat conversion unit for utilizing waste heat and reducing the temperature of flue gas in the production process of the coke dry quenching waste heat boiler.
At present, the pressure and the temperature before and after the flue gas of the heat pipe heat exchanger enters and exits, the temperature and the pressure before and after the deoxygenation feed water enters and exits are determined according to the flue gas load of a boiler and the pressure of a deoxygenation feed water pump, the operation parameters are relatively fixed and unchangeable, and once a certain variable is greatly changed, the change of other unit parameters can be influenced, so that the effective operation and the efficiency improvement of the heat pipe heat exchange device and the whole boiler production are not facilitated. Secondly, the working condition of the working medium of the heat pipe in the heat pipe exchanger cannot be directly judged, the heat exchange effect is low, and the reason is unknown, especially, the dust accumulation on the heating surface of the heat pipe bundle blocks, the smoke through flow is influenced, the heat exchange effect is reduced, and the blocking condition cannot be predicted in advance on line or the heat exchange effect cannot be improved by on-line purging. Therefore, a new solution to this technical problem is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an on-line intelligent diagnosis and bypass protection device for a heat pipe exchanger of a waste heat boiler aiming at the problems in the prior art, the technical scheme can judge the blockage and low heat exchange efficiency of the heat pipe exchanger on line, is provided with an intelligent diagnosis type automatic heat pipe ash removal self-cleaning device, simultaneously prevents dry burning and heat pipe explosion aiming at the fault of the heat pipe exchanger, can automatically detect and judge a smoke bypass device of action, and ensures the production safety of the heat pipe and the boiler.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is that the waste heat boiler heat pipe exchanger online intelligent diagnosis and bypass protection device is characterized by comprising the waste heat boiler heat pipe exchanger online intelligent diagnosis and bypass protection device
The system comprises a waste heat boiler, a flue gas pipeline, a blower, an electric control valve, a lifting device, a cylinder propelling mechanism, a rocker arm, a push block, a two-position three-way electric control valve, a total gas source electric control valve, a heavy hammer piston, a blowing gas storage tank, a high-pressure blowing electric control valve, a pulse blowing electric control valve, a flue gas temperature measuring point, a flue gas pressure measuring point, a water inlet regulating valve, a heat pipe heat exchanger, a heat pipe water outlet temperature measuring point, a conventional pressure blowing electric control valve, a flue gas temperature measuring point and a flue gas pressure measuring point, wherein the front and back flue gas inlet and outlet pipelines of the heat pipe heat exchanger in the middle of production of the waste heat boiler are additionally provided with pressure measuring points, temperature measuring points and heat exchanger water outlet temperature measuring points, an intelligent diagnosis ash cleaning device is, the purging air storage tank is connected with the heat pipe exchanger through three groups of electric control valves, the first group is a conventional under-pressure purging electric control valve, the second group is a pulse purging electric control valve, the third group is a high-pressure purging electric control valve, a heavy hammer piston device is additionally arranged in the purging air storage tank, the heavy hammer piston is connected with a lifting device, a pneumatic propulsion mechanism comprises an air cylinder, a piston and a push rod, one end of the push rod is connected with the piston, one end of the push rod is fixedly connected with a push block, a baffle plate is additionally arranged on the push block from top to bottom and can only move forwards and backwards, a rotating cam is additionally arranged on the push block, a rocker arm. The piston motion in the cylinder is controlled through 2 groups of two-position three-way electric control valves.
As an improvement of the invention, the lifting device comprises a gear worm, a sector worm gear, a pull rod, a connecting rod, a trigger rod and a rotating wheel, wherein a heavy hammer piston is lifted to a highest point triggering position and is lifted through the pull rod, the gear worm is fixedly additionally arranged on the pull rod, the gear worm is lifted through the sector worm gear to teeth, the sector worm gear is additionally provided with the connecting rod, the connecting rod is movably connected with the trigger rod, and the rotating wheel is connected with the trigger rod at a certain angle.
As an improvement of the invention, the device temperature detection trigger circuit device comprises a temperature control plate, a temperature control knob, a spring, a temperature adjusting cam, a transmission support plate, a contact, a control circuit, a power supply, a pneumatic control valve coil, a diaphragm, a temperature sensing cavity, a temperature sensing tube, a temperature sensing head and a temperature sensing agent, wherein the temperature sensing head is used for detecting the temperature of smoke, the temperature sensing tube is filled with the temperature sensing agent, and the temperature controller knob is used for setting a trigger temperature value; when the temperature of the flue gas exceeds the set temperature of the temperature control knob, the pressure of a temperature sensing agent in the temperature sensing pipe is increased, a diaphragm in the temperature sensing cavity presses a transmission support plate to act under the action of pressure, so that the contact is connected, a control circuit is closed, a pneumatic control electromagnetic valve is electrified to act, a bypass butterfly valve is opened, a high-temperature flue gas bypass runs, the load of a heat pipe heat exchanger is reduced, and the safe running of equipment is ensured; wherein the temperature control knob is adjusted to drive the temperature adjusting cam to rotate, the temperature control plate is further driven to move forwards or backwards, and finally the tension of the spring is controlled to increase or decrease, so that the trigger temperature value is set
As an improvement of the present invention, the device further comprises an air cooler, a pneumatic control valve and a pneumatic bypass butterfly valve 30, and the air cooler, the pneumatic control valve and the pneumatic bypass butterfly valve are arranged on the flue gas pipeline.
The method for controlling the waste heat boiler heat pipe exchanger online intelligent diagnosis and bypass protection device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, blocking a heat pipe heat exchanger, leading the vibration condition not to be serious, reducing the temperature of outlet water, increasing the pressure and temperature of outlet flue gas, comprehensively judging by a DCS (distributed control system) according to temperature and pressure parameters, carrying out conventional pressurized blowing of compressed air mixed with high-temperature flue gas, carrying out closed-loop feedback according to the water temperature and the pressure and temperature of the flue gas after blowing, and obtaining a conclusion whether blowing is needed to be continued or not;
secondly, the heat pipe heat exchanger is blocked, the vibration condition is serious, the pressure difference before and after the smoke, the water temperature and the smoke temperature are obvious, and a DCS control system judges immediately and needs electromagnetic pulse purging to increase the purging force;
and thirdly, the heat pipe heat exchanger is blocked, the vibration condition is particularly serious, the pressure difference between the front and the back of the smoke, the water temperature and the smoke temperature cannot meet the production requirements, namely the pressure difference between the front and the back of the smoke, the smoke temperature difference and the water outlet temperature of the heat pipe heat exchange device exceed the limit of a set value, at the moment, the DCS control system firstly immediately drives the high-pressure purging electric control valve KM4 to be opened, secondly, the DCS drives the two-position three-way electric control valve QM2 of the cylinder to be electrified. According to the control principle of the two-position three-way valve, when the QM2 is powered on to act, the main loop of the QM2 electric control valve is communicated, and the exhaust port is closed; after the QM1 is powered off, the main loop of the QM1 electric control valve is cut off, the exhaust port is opened for exhaust, so that a power gas source enters the cylinder through the main loop of the QM2 electric control valve to rapidly push a piston in the cylinder to rapidly move backwards, the push rod moves backwards, the push block drives the rocker arm to move, the rocker arm drives the runner to move, the runner drives the trigger rod to rapidly move upwards, the fan-shaped worm wheel rapidly moves in the opposite direction through the connecting rod at the moment, a heavy hammer piston in the purging gas storage tank immediately compresses purging gas downwards, and at the moment, the high-pressure purging gas directly enters the heat pipe heat exchange device through the electric control valve to perform high-pressure purging on a heated surface, thereby;
and fourthly, when the heat pipe heat exchanger has serious faults, namely the heating surface is blocked and the heat pipe is extremely seriously damaged, the smoke cannot normally exchange heat, the deoxygenated feed water is not allowed to be heated under the working condition, meanwhile, the system is not allowed to be shut down and isolated, and the high-temperature smoke is required to run by a bypass.
As an improvement of the invention, the steps are as follows:
the first step, the blockage and the vibration are not serious, when the smoke differential pressure delta P is more than 600Pa, the temperature difference delta T is less than 30 ℃, the effluent temperature T3 is less than 60 ℃, the judgment logic output triggers the electric control valve KM2 to act to carry out the conventional pressurized purging;
secondly, blockage and serious vibration conditions are caused, the pressure difference before and after the smoke, the water temperature and the smoke temperature are obvious, namely when the smoke pressure difference delta P is larger than 700Pa, the temperature difference delta T is smaller than 25 ℃, and the effluent temperature T3 is smaller than 50 ℃, the judgment logic outputs to trigger the electric control valve KM3 to act to carry out electromagnetic pulse pressurization blowing;
thirdly, blockage is caused, the vibration condition is particularly serious, the pressure difference between the front and the back of the smoke, the water temperature and the smoke temperature cannot meet the production requirement, namely when the smoke pressure difference delta P is larger than 800Pa, the temperature difference delta T is smaller than 15 ℃, and the water outlet temperature T3 is smaller than 40 ℃, the judgment logic output triggers the electric control valve KM4 to act, simultaneously drives the two-position three-way electric control valve QM2 to be electrified, the QM1 loses electricity, a piston in a cylinder rapidly moves backwards, a push rod moves backwards, a push block drives a rocker arm to move, the rocker arm drives a rotating wheel to move, the rotating wheel drives a trigger rod to rapidly move upwards, at the moment, a fan-shaped worm wheel rapidly moves in the opposite direction through a connecting rod, a heavy hammer piston in a blowing gas storage tank immediately downwards compresses gas, at the moment, other blowing under high pressure directly enters the;
and fourthly, when the heat pipe heat exchange device is in a serious fault when being out of line, the deaerated feed water cannot be heated, the system is not allowed to be shut down and isolated, high-temperature flue gas is required to run away from a bypass, namely the temperature of the outlet flue gas is higher than 165 ℃, the heat pipe is considered to be invalid, and a bypass butterfly valve needs to act. This patent technique detects trigger circuit device through installing additional temperature, and when heat pipe heat transfer device export flue gas is higher than 165 ℃, judge that the heat pipe became invalid, perhaps the water yield is less than the limit value, and the heat pipe can not continue to use this moment, has the tube explosion danger, need open pneumatic butterfly valve bypass valve immediately, introduces high temperature flue gas and gets into bypass air cooler, and the recirculation gets into the dry quenching stove and uses.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that 1) the technical scheme is characterized in that the smoke temperature and pressure measuring points before and after the heat pipe heat exchanger and the heat pipe heat exchange water outlet temperature measuring point are additionally arranged, the blockage condition of the heat pipe is intelligently diagnosed according to the comprehensive judgment of parameter change, the heat pipe is gradually swept and cleaned in layers, the sweeping effect is enhanced through step sweeping, and simultaneously, a large amount of energy consumption is saved; 2) according to the scheme, variable parameters such as temperature and pressure are converted into voltage signals, and then a signal comparison circuit is formed by a voltage comparator, so that the intelligent judgment function of parameter variables is realized, and further, each control assembly is triggered by a DCS (distributed control system) to act so as to realize layered purging; 3) according to the scheme, the high-temperature smoke mixed with compressed air contained in the layered blowing component has a pressurized blowing function, so that metal damage of normal-temperature compressed air with water to a high-temperature heat pipe is avoided; 4) according to the scheme, the electromagnetic pulse device contained in the layered purging component is used, and the purging force is increased by utilizing the impact effect of the pulse valve; 5) according to the scheme, the pressure purging function of the pneumatic control heavy hammer piston gas storage tank contained in the layered purging component is adopted, and the purging force is ensured to a great extent by skillfully controlling each mechanical part, the action of a worm and a worm wheel and the impact action of a heavy hammer piston through pneumatic control; 6) according to the temperature detection trigger circuit device in the scheme, the temperature of the flue gas is judged to exceed the limit automatically through the connection of the temperature pressure conversion trigger circuit, the bypass control of the high-temperature flue gas is realized, the danger of pipe explosion caused by dry burning of the heat pipe is avoided, and the safety and stability of the production of the heat pipe and the boiler are ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a field layout diagram of an online ash cleaning self-cleaning and bypass protection device for a heat pipe heat exchanger;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an automatic temperature sensing trigger circuit arrangement;
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of temperature and pressure parameter comparison and determination output;
in the figure: 1 waste heat boiler, 2 flue gas pipeline, 3 blower, 4 electric control valve, 5 gear worm, 6 fan-shaped worm wheel, 7 pull rod, 8 connecting rod, 9 trigger rod, 10 rotating wheel, 11 rocker arm, 12 push block, 13 push rod, 14 piston, 15 cylinder, 16 two-position three-way electric control valve, 17 two-position three-way electric control valve, 18 total gas source electric control valve, 19 heavy hammer piston, 20 purging gas storage tank, 21 temperature detection trigger circuit device, 22 high pressure purging electric control valve, 23 pulse purging electric control valve, 24 flue gas temperature measuring point, 25 flue gas pressure measuring point, 26 water inlet regulating valve, 27 heat pipe heat exchanger, 28 air cooler, 29 pneumatic control valve, 30 pneumatic bypass butterfly valve, 31 heat pipe outlet water temperature measuring point, 32 conventional pressure purging electric control valve, 33 flue gas temperature measuring point, 34 flue gas pressure measuring point.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
for the purpose of enhancing an understanding of the present invention, the present embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1-3, an online intelligent diagnosis and bypass protection device for a heat pipe exchanger of a waste heat boiler comprises a waste heat boiler 1, a flue gas pipeline 2, a blower 3, an electric control valve 4, a lifting device, a cylinder propulsion mechanism, a rocker arm 11, a push block 12, a two-position three-way electric control valve 16, a two-position three-way electric control valve 17, a total gas source electric control valve 18, a heavy hammer piston 19, a purging gas storage tank 20, a high-pressure purging electric control valve 22, a pulse purging electric control valve 23, a flue gas temperature measuring point 24, a flue gas pressure measuring point 25, a water inlet regulating valve 26, a heat pipe exchanger 27, a heat pipe water outlet temperature measuring point 31, a conventional pressurized purging electric control valve 32, a flue gas temperature measuring point 33 and a flue gas pressure measuring point 34, wherein the pressure measuring points 34,25, temperature measuring points 33,24 and a heat exchanger water outlet temperature measuring point 31 are additionally arranged, the intelligent diagnosis ash cleaning self-cleaning device is additionally provided with a blowing air storage tank 20, high-temperature flue gas is introduced by an air blower 3 and enters the air storage tank 20 through an electric control valve 4, a compressed air source is introduced through a total air source electric control valve 18 to perform pressurized purging, a purging air storage tank 20 is connected with a heat pipe heat exchanger 27 through three groups of electric control valves, the first group is a conventional pressurized purging electric control valve 32, the second group is a pulse purging electric control valve 23, the third group is a high-pressure purging electric control valve 22, a heavy hammer piston 19 device is additionally arranged in the purging air storage tank 20, the heavy hammer piston 19 is connected with a lifting device, the pneumatic propulsion mechanism comprises a cylinder 15, a piston 14 and a push rod 13, one end of the push rod 13 is connected with the piston 14, the other end of the push rod 13 is fixedly connected with a push block 12, a baffle plate is additionally arranged on the push block 12 from top to bottom and can only move back and forth, a rotating cam is additionally arranged on the push block 12, a rocker arm 11 is additionally arranged on the rotating cam, and the other end of the rocker arm 11 is connected with a rotating cam of a rotating wheel 10. The piston 14 in the cylinder 15 moves and is controlled by 2 groups of two-position three-way electric control valves 16, 17, the lifting device comprises a gear worm 5, a sector worm wheel 6, a pull rod 7, a connecting rod 8, a trigger rod 9 and a rotating wheel 10, the weight piston 19 is lifted to the highest point triggering position, the weight piston 19 is lifted by the pull rod 7, the gear worm 5 is fixedly arranged on the pull rod 7, the gear worm 5 lifts teeth by the sector worm wheel 6, the sector worm wheel 6 is additionally provided with the connecting rod 8, the connecting rod 8 is movably connected with the trigger rod 9, the rotating wheel 10 is connected with the trigger rod 9 at a certain angle, the device temperature detection trigger circuit device 21 comprises a temperature control board 35, a temperature control knob 36, a spring 37, a temperature adjusting cam 38, a transmission support board 39, a contact 40, a control circuit 41, a power supply 42, a pneumatic control valve coil 43, a diaphragm 44, a temperature sensing cavity 45, a, the temperature sensing head 47 is used for detecting the temperature of the smoke, the temperature sensing pipe 46 is filled with a temperature sensing agent 48, and the temperature controller knob 36 is used for setting a trigger temperature value; when the temperature of the flue gas exceeds the set temperature of the temperature control knob 36, the pressure of a temperature sensing agent 48 in the temperature sensing tube 46 is increased, a diaphragm 44 in the temperature sensing cavity 45 presses the transmission support plate 39 to act under the action of pressure, so that the contact 40 is connected, the control circuit 41 is closed, the pneumatic control electromagnetic valve 43 is powered to act, the bypass butterfly valve is opened, the high-temperature flue gas bypass runs, the load of the heat pipe heat exchanger is reduced, and the safe running of equipment is ensured; wherein, the temperature control knob 36 is adjusted to drive the temperature adjusting cam 38 to rotate, the temperature control plate 35 is further driven to move forwards or backwards, and the tension of the spring 37 is finally controlled to increase or decrease, so that the triggering temperature value is set.
This scheme is through installing temperature detection trigger circuit device additional, when heat pipe heat transfer device export flue gas temperature was higher than the limit setting value, judges the heat pipe inefficacy promptly, and the heat pipe can not continue to use this moment, has the tube explosion danger, need open pneumatic butterfly valve bypass valve immediately, introduces high temperature flue gas and gets into bypass air cooler, and the recirculation gets into the dry quenching stove and uses. This technique is through installing the temperature measurement pedestal additional at heat pipe exchanger export flue gas pipeline, install temperature detection trigger circuit device additional on this pedestal, when the temperature sensing probe that temperature detection trigger circuit device contained detects that the export flue gas surpasss the limit setting value, the temperature sensing agent pressure increase in the temperature sensing pipe, the diaphragm in the temperature sensing chamber forces the transmission extension board under the effect of pressure, make the contact closure switch on, the control circuit power is got through, directly trigger bypass butterfly valve pneumatic control valve action, the butterfly valve is opened rapidly, the flue gas bypass gets into the air cooler operation, guarantee heat pipe device's safety, be unlikely to the heat pipe explosion tube and damage, ensure equipment safe operation and personal safety.
Example 2: referring to fig. 1 to 3, a method for controlling an online intelligent diagnosis and bypass protection device of a heat pipe exchanger of a waste heat boiler is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step, the blockage and the vibration are not serious, when the smoke differential pressure delta P is more than 600Pa, the temperature difference delta T is less than 30 ℃, the effluent temperature T3 is less than 60 ℃, the judgment logic output triggers the electric control valve KM2 to act to carry out the conventional pressurized purging;
secondly, blockage and serious vibration conditions are caused, the pressure difference before and after the smoke, the water temperature and the smoke temperature are obvious, namely when the smoke pressure difference delta P is larger than 700Pa, the temperature difference delta T is smaller than 25 ℃, and the effluent temperature T3 is smaller than 50 ℃, the judgment logic outputs to trigger the electric control valve KM3 to act to carry out electromagnetic pulse pressurization blowing;
thirdly, blockage is caused, the vibration condition is particularly serious, the pressure difference between the front and the back of the smoke, the water temperature and the smoke temperature cannot meet the production requirement, namely when the smoke pressure difference delta P is larger than 800Pa, the temperature difference delta T is smaller than 15 ℃, and the water outlet temperature T3 is smaller than 40 ℃, the judgment logic output triggers the electric control valve KM4 to act, simultaneously drives the two-position three-way electric control valve QM2 to be electrified, the QM1 loses electricity, a piston in a cylinder rapidly moves backwards, a push rod moves backwards, a push block drives a rocker arm to move, the rocker arm drives a rotating wheel to move, the rotating wheel drives a trigger rod to rapidly move upwards, at the moment, a fan-shaped worm wheel rapidly moves in the opposite direction through a connecting rod, a heavy hammer piston in a blowing gas storage tank immediately downwards compresses gas, at the moment, other blowing under high pressure directly enters the;
and fourthly, when the heat pipe heat exchange device is in a serious fault when being out of line, the deaerated feed water cannot be heated, the system is not allowed to be shut down and isolated, high-temperature flue gas is required to run away from a bypass, namely the temperature of the outlet flue gas is higher than 165 ℃, the heat pipe is considered to be invalid, and a bypass butterfly valve needs to act. This patent technique detects trigger circuit device through installing the temperature additional, and when heat pipe heat transfer device export flue gas is higher than 165 ℃, judge that the heat pipe became invalid, perhaps the water yield is less than the limit value, and the heat pipe can not continue to use this moment, has the tube explosion danger, need open pneumatic butterfly valve bypass valve immediately, introduces high temperature flue gas and gets into bypass air cooler, and the recirculation gets into the dry quenching stove and uses
The working process is as follows: referring to fig. 1-3, the functional block diagram of the temperature and pressure parameter comparison, judgment and output function of fig. 3 is shown: smoke pressure measuring points P1 and P2, temperature measuring points T1 and T2 in front of and behind the heat pipe exchanger; the water outlet temperature of the heat pipe is T3, wherein P1 and P2 convert output signals into voltage signals through a current-voltage converter and send the voltage signals to a voltage comparator IC1 for working; t1, T2 pass through the temperature transmitter, and the current-voltage converter converts the output signal into a voltage signal to be sent to the voltage comparator IC2 for operation. VP1 and VP2 respectively carry out signal comparison and output to the DCS control system through voltage comparator IC1, VT1 and VT2 respectively carry out signal comparison and output to the DCS control system through voltage comparator IC2, and T3 outputs current signals to the DCS control system through the temperature transmitter.
Setting a parameter trigger value in a DCS (distributed control system), and when the smoke differential pressure delta P is greater than 600Pa, the temperature difference delta T is less than 30 ℃ and the effluent temperature T3 is less than 60 ℃, judging that logic output triggers an electric control valve KM2 to act to carry out conventional pressurized purging; when the smoke differential pressure delta P is larger than 700Pa, the temperature difference delta T is smaller than 25 ℃, and the effluent temperature T3 is smaller than 50 ℃, the judgment logic outputs to trigger the electric control valve KM3 to act to perform electromagnetic pulse pressurization purging; when the smoke differential pressure delta P is larger than 800Pa, the temperature difference delta T is smaller than 15 ℃, and the water outlet temperature T3 is smaller than 40 ℃, the judgment logic output triggers the electric control valve KM4 to act, and simultaneously drives the two-position three-way electric control valve QM2 to be electrified and the QM1 to be electrified, so that the heavy hammer piston is subjected to high-pressure purging.
The temperature detection trigger circuit device action principle: when a temperature sensing probe contained in the temperature detection trigger circuit device detects that outlet flue gas exceeds a set value 165 ℃, the pressure of a temperature sensing agent in the temperature sensing pipe is increased, a diaphragm in a temperature sensing cavity presses a transmission support plate under the action of the pressure, so that a contact is closed and conducted, a control circuit power supply is powered on, a bypass butterfly valve pneumatic control valve is directly triggered to act, the butterfly valve is rapidly opened, a flue gas bypass enters an air cooler to operate, the safety of a heat pipe device is ensured, the damage of pipe explosion of the heat pipe is avoided, and the safety operation and the personal safety are ensured.
According to the scheme, the smoke temperature and the pressure measuring point before and after the heat pipe heat exchanger is additionally arranged, the measuring point of the heat pipe heat exchange water outlet temperature is comprehensively judged according to parameter change, the blocking condition of the heat pipe is intelligently diagnosed, the heat pipe is gradually swept and cleaned in layers, the sweeping effect is enhanced through step-type sweeping, and meanwhile, a large amount of energy consumption is saved. This patent sweeps the pressurization of the pneumatic control weight piston gas holder that the subassembly contained through the layering and sweeps the function, ingeniously through each mechanical parts of pneumatic control, the action of worm and worm wheel, the impact of weight piston has guaranteed to sweep the dynamics in the very big degree. This patent technique has still designed a temperature detection trigger circuit device, through temperature pressure conversion trigger circuit switch-on, judges the flue gas temperature overlimit automatically, realizes the bypass control of high temperature flue gas, has avoided the danger of heat pipe dry combustion explosion, guarantees the safety and stability of heat pipe and boiler production.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications and substitutions based on the above-mentioned technical solutions are within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (6)
1. An on-line intelligent diagnosis and bypass protection device for a heat pipe exchanger of a waste heat boiler is characterized by comprising
The system comprises a waste heat boiler, a flue gas pipeline, a blower, an electric control valve, a lifting device, a cylinder propelling mechanism, a rocker arm, a push block, a two-position three-way electric control valve, a total gas source electric control valve, a heavy hammer piston, a blowing gas storage tank, a high-pressure blowing electric control valve, a pulse blowing electric control valve, a flue gas temperature measuring point, a flue gas pressure measuring point, a water inlet regulating valve, a heat pipe heat exchanger, a heat pipe water outlet temperature measuring point, a conventional pressure blowing electric control valve, a flue gas temperature measuring point and a flue gas pressure measuring point, wherein the front and back flue gas inlet and outlet pipelines of the heat pipe heat exchanger in the middle of production of the waste heat boiler are additionally provided with pressure measuring points, temperature measuring points and heat exchanger water outlet temperature measuring points, an intelligent diagnosis ash cleaning device is, the purging air storage tank is connected with the heat pipe exchanger through three groups of electric control valves, the first group is a conventional pressurized purging electric control valve, the second group is a pulse purging electric control valve, the third group is a high-pressure purging electric control valve, a heavy hammer piston device is additionally arranged in the purging air storage tank, the heavy hammer piston is connected with a lifting device, the pneumatic propulsion mechanism comprises a cylinder, a piston and a push rod, one end of the push rod is connected with the piston, the other end of the push rod is fixedly connected with a push block, a baffle plate is additionally arranged on the push block from top to bottom, the push block can only move back and forth, a rotating cam is additionally arranged on the push block, a rocker;
the piston motion in the cylinder is controlled through 2 groups of two-position three-way electric control valves.
2. The waste heat boiler heat pipe exchanger online intelligent diagnosis and bypass protection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lifting device comprises a gear worm, a sector worm gear, a pull rod, a connecting rod, a trigger rod and a rotating wheel, the weight piston is lifted to the highest point trigger position, the weight piston is lifted by the pull rod, the gear worm is fixedly installed on the pull rod, the gear worm is lifted by the sector worm gear to the gear, the sector worm gear is installed with the connecting rod, the connecting rod is movably connected with the trigger rod, and the rotating wheel is connected with the trigger rod at a certain angle.
3. The online intelligent diagnosis and bypass protection device for the heat pipe exchanger of the waste heat boiler as claimed in claim 2, wherein the temperature detection trigger circuit device comprises a temperature control board, a temperature control knob, a spring, a temperature adjusting cam, a transmission support board, a contact, a control circuit, a power supply, a pneumatic control valve coil, a diaphragm, a temperature sensing cavity, a temperature sensing pipe, a temperature sensing head and a temperature sensing agent, wherein the temperature sensing head is used for detecting the temperature of flue gas, the temperature sensing pipe is filled with the temperature sensing agent, and the temperature controller knob is used for setting a trigger temperature value; when the temperature of the flue gas exceeds the set temperature of the temperature control knob, the pressure of a temperature sensing agent in the temperature sensing pipe is increased, a diaphragm in the temperature sensing cavity presses a transmission support plate to act under the action of pressure, so that the contact is connected, a control circuit is closed, a pneumatic control electromagnetic valve is electrified to act, a bypass butterfly valve is opened, a high-temperature flue gas bypass runs, the load of a heat pipe heat exchanger is reduced, and the safe running of equipment is ensured; the temperature control knob is adjusted to drive the temperature adjusting cam to rotate, the temperature control plate is further driven to move forwards or backwards, and finally the tensile force of the spring is controlled to be increased or reduced, so that the trigger temperature value is set.
4. The exhaust-heat boiler heat pipe exchanger online intelligent diagnosis and bypass protection device of claim 3, characterized in that the device further comprises an air cooler, a pneumatic control valve and a pneumatic bypass butterfly valve, wherein the air cooler, the pneumatic control valve and the pneumatic bypass butterfly valve are arranged on the flue gas pipeline.
5. The method for controlling the waste heat boiler heat pipe exchanger online intelligent diagnosis and bypass protection device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, blocking a heat pipe heat exchanger, leading the vibration condition not to be serious, reducing the temperature of outlet water, increasing the pressure and temperature of outlet flue gas, comprehensively judging by a DCS (distributed control system) according to temperature and pressure parameters, carrying out conventional pressurized blowing of compressed air mixed with high-temperature flue gas, carrying out closed-loop feedback according to the water temperature and the pressure and temperature of the flue gas after blowing, and obtaining a conclusion whether blowing is needed to be continued or not;
secondly, the heat pipe heat exchanger is blocked, the vibration condition is serious, the pressure difference before and after the smoke, the water temperature and the smoke temperature are obvious, and a DCS control system judges immediately and needs electromagnetic pulse purging to increase the purging force;
thirdly, the heat pipe heat exchanger is blocked, the vibration condition is particularly serious, the pressure difference between the front and the back of the smoke, the water temperature and the smoke temperature cannot meet the production requirements, namely the pressure difference between the front and the back of the smoke, the smoke temperature difference and the water outlet temperature of the heat pipe heat exchange device exceed the limit of a set value, at the moment, a DCS control system firstly immediately drives and opens a high-pressure purging electric control valve KM4, secondly, the DCS drives a two-position three-way electric control valve QM2 of a cylinder to be electrified, and;
according to the control principle of the two-position three-way valve, when the QM2 is powered on to act, the main loop of the QM2 electric control valve is communicated, and the exhaust port is closed; after the QM1 is powered off, the main loop of the QM1 electric control valve is cut off, the exhaust port is opened for exhaust, so that a power gas source enters the cylinder through the main loop of the QM2 electric control valve to rapidly push a piston in the cylinder to rapidly move backwards, the push rod moves backwards, the push block drives the rocker arm to move, the rocker arm drives the runner to move, the runner drives the trigger rod to rapidly move upwards, the fan-shaped worm wheel rapidly moves in the opposite direction through the connecting rod at the moment, a heavy hammer piston in the purging gas storage tank immediately compresses purging gas downwards, and at the moment, the high-pressure purging gas directly enters the heat pipe heat exchange device through the electric control valve to perform high-pressure purging on a heated surface, thereby;
and fourthly, when the heat pipe heat exchanger has serious faults, namely the heating surface is blocked and the heat pipe is extremely seriously damaged, the smoke cannot normally exchange heat, the deoxygenated feed water is not allowed to be heated under the working condition, meanwhile, the system is not allowed to be shut down and isolated, and the high-temperature smoke is required to run by a bypass.
6. The control method according to claim 5, wherein the steps are specifically as follows:
the first step, the blockage and the vibration are not serious, when the smoke differential pressure delta P is more than 600Pa, the temperature difference delta T is less than 30 ℃, the effluent temperature T3 is less than 60 ℃, the judgment logic output triggers the electric control valve KM2 to act to carry out the conventional pressurized purging;
secondly, blockage and serious vibration conditions are caused, the pressure difference before and after the smoke, the water temperature and the smoke temperature are obvious, namely when the smoke pressure difference delta P is larger than 700Pa, the temperature difference delta T is smaller than 25 ℃, and the effluent temperature T3 is smaller than 50 ℃, the judgment logic outputs to trigger the electric control valve KM3 to act to carry out electromagnetic pulse pressurization blowing;
thirdly, blockage is caused, the vibration condition is particularly serious, the pressure difference between the front and the back of the smoke, the water temperature and the smoke temperature cannot meet the production requirement, namely when the smoke pressure difference delta P is larger than 800Pa, the temperature difference delta T is smaller than 15 ℃, and the water outlet temperature T3 is smaller than 40 ℃, the judgment logic output triggers the electric control valve KM4 to act, simultaneously drives the two-position three-way electric control valve QM2 to be electrified, the QM1 loses electricity, a piston in a cylinder rapidly moves backwards, a push rod moves backwards, a push block drives a rocker arm to move, the rocker arm drives a rotating wheel to move, the rotating wheel drives a trigger rod to rapidly move upwards, at the moment, a fan-shaped worm wheel rapidly moves in the opposite direction through a connecting rod, a heavy hammer piston in a blowing gas storage tank immediately downwards compresses gas, at the moment, other blowing under high pressure directly enters the;
and fourthly, when the heat pipe heat exchange device is in a serious fault when being out of line, the deaerated feed water cannot be heated, the system is not allowed to be shut down and isolated, high-temperature flue gas is required to run away from a bypass, namely the temperature of the outlet flue gas is higher than 165 ℃, the heat pipe is considered to be invalid, and a bypass butterfly valve needs to act.
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