CN111764497A - Active anti-seismic house structure - Google Patents
Active anti-seismic house structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111764497A CN111764497A CN202010580706.5A CN202010580706A CN111764497A CN 111764497 A CN111764497 A CN 111764497A CN 202010580706 A CN202010580706 A CN 202010580706A CN 111764497 A CN111764497 A CN 111764497A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of constructional engineering, and discloses an active anti-seismic house structure which comprises a house H and a fixing mechanismG 1And a fixing mechanismG 2House H passing through transverse elastic mechanismK 1ActuatorA 1And a fixing mechanismG 1Elastic connection; the house H passes through a longitudinal elastic mechanismK 2ActuatorA 2And a fixing mechanismG 2Elastic connection; fixing mechanism G1And a fixing mechanismG 2The house and the fixing mechanism are both provided with a seismic wave detection sensor which converts a seismic wave detection signal into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the controller, and the controller outputs a control signal to the execution mechanism to execute according to an adaptive control algorithm. Compared with the prior art, the house is addedThe earthquake-proof performance of the house, and the controller provided with the self-adaptive control algorithm controls the actuating mechanism to generate reverse fluctuation opposite to the earthquake vibration direction, so that the earthquake can be effectively resisted, and meanwhile, the panic emotion of people can be effectively reduced through shock absorption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of constructional engineering, and particularly relates to an active anti-seismic house structure.
Background
Earthquake is caused by crustal movement, and once serious consequences are caused to human life, production and life, effective prediction is difficult at present. In order to effectively reduce damage caused by earthquakes, particularly damage to lives, earthquake-resistant buildings are an important research field. The research on earthquake-resistant buildings mainly comprises two aspects, namely earthquake-resistant structures on the one hand and earthquake-resistant materials on the other hand. In terms of earthquake-proof structure, the chinese invention patent CN 107620327 a discloses an earthquake-proof house structure, which adds an air bag at the bottom of the house, and inflates the air bag after receiving an earthquake signal, and absorbs the shock through an air layer in the air bag. The Chinese invention patent CN 102535925B discloses an earthquake-proof house, which adopts an upper ring beam and a foundation ring beam structure and can be moved integrally. Chinese patent CN 105863355B discloses an earthquake-resistant building structure with controllable steel frame deformation. In the aspect of anti-seismic materials, Chinese patent CN 110372319A discloses a novel building thermal insulation anti-seismic material and a preparation method thereof. Chinese patent CN 108383451A discloses an anti-seismic material of FRP reinforced RC cylinder. The anti-seismic material and the anti-seismic structure are complementary, and the good anti-seismic material is combined with the stable anti-seismic structure, so that a good anti-seismic effect can be achieved.
However, in the current earthquake-proof structure, the principle of shock absorption and shock absorption through materials or structures is basically passive, and in the earthquake with large earthquake magnitude, the earthquake is difficult to act, and when the earthquake occurs, people can have strong fear due to strong shock.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an active anti-seismic house structure, which generates reverse vibration waves through an active execution mechanism and a self-adaptive control algorithm in a controller, can effectively resist against vibration, and can effectively reduce the panic emotion of people through shock absorption.
Technical scheme: the invention provides an active anti-seismic building structure, which comprises a building H and a fixing mechanism G1And a fixing mechanism G2The house H is provided with a transverse elastic mechanism K1And an actuator A1And a fixing mechanism G1Elastic connection; the house H passes through a longitudinal elastic mechanism K2And an actuator A2And a fixing mechanism G2Elastic connection; the fixing mechanism G2Buried underground in house H, the fixing mechanism G1Is positioned at one side of the house H, and the fixing mechanism G1And the fixing mechanism G2And (4) rigid connection.
House H and fixing mechanism G1And a fixing mechanism G2The earthquake wave detection sensor is arranged on the earthquake wave detection sensor, the earthquake wave detection sensor converts earthquake vibration signals into electric signals to be transmitted to the controller, an adaptive control algorithm is arranged in the controller, and after the electric signals of the earthquake wave detection sensor are received, reverse vibration signals are generated through the adaptive control algorithm and are correspondingly transmitted to the actuating mechanism A1And/or actuator A2Said actuator A1And/or actuator A2A counter-vibration wave is generated.
Further, a pair of seismic detection sensors are arranged on the side wall of the vertical position of the house H, are respectively positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the side wall of the house H and are recorded as sensors S01And a sensor S10(ii) a The fixing mechanism G1Fixing mechanism G2The sensors are arranged on the side wall facing the house and are respectively marked as sensors S00And a sensor S11(ii) a The sensor S01And a sensor S10And a sensor S00And a sensor S11Are all in signal connection with the controller.
Further, the inner wall of the house H is also provided with an alarm which is in signal connection with the controller.
Further, the fixing mechanism G2One end of the connecting rod is connected with the fixing mechanism G through a pull rod L1。
Further, the actuating mechanism A1And an actuator A2Are all actuators.
Further, the adaptive control algorithm comprises the following steps:
step 1: constructing an input vibration signal; sensor S00And a sensor S01Acquired transverse signals respectively e00(n) and e01(n), the superimposed lateral error signal is denoted as e0(n), sensor S10And a sensor S11Acquired longitudinal signals respectively e10(n) and e11(n), the superimposed longitudinal error signal is denoted as e1(n); from the superimposed signals, a transverse input signal x is constructed0(n)＝[x0(n),x0(n-1),x0(n-2),…,x0(n-N+1)]TAnd a longitudinal input signal x1(n)＝[x1(n),x1(n-1),x1(n-2),…,x1(n-N+1)]T(ii) a The following formula:
xi(n)＝ei(n)-di”'(n),i＝0,1 (1)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
di”'(n)＝yi(n)*si'(n)
e0(n)＝e00(n)-e01(n) (2)
e1(n)＝e10(n)-e11(n)
wherein d isi"' (n) is the constructed backward wave, d0"' (n) is a transverse backward wave, d1"' (n) is a longitudinal backward wave, and a signal y is output by the controlleri(n) and secondary path estimate si' (n) convolution, the secondary path is the output from the controller through the actuator to the sensor, called the secondary path, whose actual transfer function is si(n), secondary path estimation si' (n) identified by an adaptive Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter and an adaptive algorithm;
step 2: constructing a weight vector and initializing; the transverse weight vector is denoted as w0(n) the longitudinal weight vector is denoted as w1(n) and initialized to a 0 vector; weight vector expressionComprises the following steps:
and step 3: generating a reverse vibration signal; the output signal of the controller is converted, amplified and the like, and then drives an actuating mechanism A2And/or actuator A1Generating reverse vibration wave to offset house H and fixing mechanism G1And/or fixing means G2Vibration of the two members;
and 4, step 4: and adaptively updating the weight coefficients.
Further, in step 1, when the transverse error signal e is detected0(n) and a longitudinal error signal e1And (n) when the value is larger than a set threshold value, the controller transmits an alarm signal to the alarm to alarm.
Further, the controller convolves the input vibration signal in the step 1 with the weight vector to output an inverse vibration signal, and outputs transverse and longitudinal output signals y0(n) and y1(n) can be represented as:
yi(n)＝xi T(n)wi(n),i＝0,1 (4)
the transverse backward wave d0"(n) and longitudinal backward wave d1"(n) and output signal y0(n) and y1The relationship between (n) is:
di”(n)＝yi(n)*si(n)，i＝0,1(5)
wherein s is0(n) and s1(n) outputting transverse wave and longitudinal wave signals to d0"(n) and d1"(n), i.e., a secondary path transfer function; in the actual anti-seismic system, transverse and longitudinal reverse waves and an earthquake transverse vibration signal d0(n) and a longitudinal vibration signal d1(n) superimposing to form a transverse error signal e0(n) and a longitudinal error signal e1(n)。
Further, the value of N in step 1 may be specifically determined by engineers according to the magnitude requirement, and may be 10, 32, 64, and the like.
Further, the adaptive update algorithm framework in step 4 includes a filtering X minimum mean square error algorithm, and a filtering X recursive minimum mean square algorithm, taking the filtering X minimum mean square error algorithm framework as an example, and the weight coefficient update formula is as follows:
wi(n+1)＝wi(n)+μiei(n)xi'(n) (6)
wherein xi'(n)＝xi(n)*si'(n)，uiIs a step size parameter, e0(n) and e1And (n) is the lateral, longitudinal error signal.
Has the advantages that:
1. the active anti-seismic house based on the invention is connected with the fixing mechanism through the two groups of elastic mechanisms and the actuating mechanism, so that the house has better stability, and can absorb shock on both sides when an earthquake occurs, thereby increasing the anti-seismic performance of the house.
2. The house and the fixing mechanism are provided with the seismic detection sensor, and the seismic detection sensor is a device for converting seismic vibration signals into electric signals, can monitor the vibration signals of the house in real time and is beneficial to timely evacuation of personnel; meanwhile, the controller generates a reverse control signal according to a self-adaptive control algorithm to drive the actuating mechanism to vibrate reversely, so that the vibration of the house is reduced, the shock resistance of the house can be improved, and the panic emotion of people can be effectively reduced through shock absorption and the alarm.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the construction of an active anti-seismic system for a building according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an adaptive control algorithm in the controller of the present invention;
wherein, 1-house H, 2-fixing mechanism G13-fixing means G24-elastic mechanism K15-actuator A16-elastic mechanism K27-actuator A28-pull rod L, 9-sensor S0010-sensor S0111-sensor S1012-sensor S1113-controller, 14-alarm.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention mainly aims to solve the problem that the prior art is passively damped by the damping principle of materials or structures, and provides an active anti-seismic house structure which comprises a house H1 and a fixing mechanism G 12 and fixing means G 23, house H1 passes through transverse elastic mechanism K14. Actuator A 15 and fixing mechanism G 12 are elastically connected. Fixing mechanism G 12 is arranged at one side of a house H1, and the side wall at one side of a house H1 is respectively connected with an elastic mechanism K14. Actuator A 15 fixed connection, elastic mechanism K14. Actuator A 15 and the other end of the fixing mechanism G 12 fixed connection, in this embodiment a fixing mechanism G 12 are vertically arranged and vertical to the ground.
House H1 is made through longitudinal elastic mechanism K 26. Actuator A 27 and fixing mechanism G 23, elastic connection. Fixing mechanism G 23 is arranged under the house H1, buried under the house H1 and arranged parallel to the ground, and a fixing mechanism G 12 and fixing mechanism G2And 3, the connecting position is rigid connection. The detailed structural block diagram is shown in figure 1.
In this embodiment, the elastic mechanism is a spring structure, and the first parallel member and the second parallel ring are fixed at two ends of the spring and are parallel to each other. When in installation, only the parallel pieces at the two ends of the spring need to be respectively fixed on the house H1 and the fixing mechanism G 12 or fastening means G 23, the product is obtained. The actuator A used in the present embodiment 15 and an actuator A2Actuator 7 for applying control force to the controlled object according to the determined control rule, and fixing two ends of the actuator to house H1 and fixing mechanism G respectively12. House H1 and fixing mechanism G2And 3, the used actuator is a high-thrust actuator, and can be customized according to the actual site house needs.
House H1 and fixing mechanism G 12 and fixing means G 23 are provided with earthquake detection sensors for preventing earthquake, and the sensors are all connected with one sensorThe controller 13 is connected and executes the mechanism A 27. Actuator A15 are connected to the controller 13. The side wall of the house H1 at the vertical position is provided with a pair of sensors which are positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the side wall of the house H1 and are recorded as sensors S0110 and a sensor S1011. Fixing mechanism G 12. Fixing mechanism G2The sensors 3 are all arranged on the side wall facing the house H1, and are respectively marked as sensors S009 and a sensor S 1112. The geophone converts the seismic vibration signal into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the controller 13, and the controller 13 generates a reverse vibration signal and outputs the reverse vibration signal to the actuator A 15. Actuator A 27, actuator A 15. Actuator A 27 generating a counter-vibration wave. The invention can also arrange an alarm 14 on the inner wall of the house H1, and the alarm 14 is in signal connection with the controller 13. The geophone used in the present embodiment is a commercially available geophone available in the market, and the model used is LGT-20D 4.5.
An adaptive control algorithm is arranged in the controller 13 to generate a reverse vibration signal to drive the actuator A 27 and/or actuator A 15 to counteract the vibration of house H1, the seismic capacity of the house can be increased.
The adaptive control algorithm comprises the following steps:
step 1: an input vibration signal is constructed.
xi(n)＝ei(n)-di”'(n),i＝0,1 (1)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
di”'(n)＝yi(n)*si'(n)
e0(n)＝e00(n)-e01(n) (2)
e1(n)＝e10(n)-e11(n)
wherein d isi"' (n) is the constructed backward wave, d0"' (n) is the transverse counter wave and d1"' (n) is a longitudinal backward wave, and a signal y is output by the controlleri(n) and secondary path estimate si' (n) convolution is obtained, the secondary path is from the controller output to the sensor via the actuator, and its actual transfer function is si(n), secondary path estimation si' (n) is identified by an adaptive Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter and an adaptive algorithm. In practical application, the value of N may be specifically determined by engineers according to the requirements of magnitude, instantaneity, and the like, with typical values of 10, 32, 64, and the like.
When the transverse error signal e0(n) and a longitudinal error signal e1(n) is greater than a set threshold value (the threshold value is preset in the controller 13), the controller 13 transmits an alarm signal to the alarm 14 to control the alarm 14 to alarm.
Step 2: constructing a weight vector and initializing; the transverse weight vector is denoted as w0(n) the longitudinal weight vector is denoted as w1(n) and initialized to a 0 vector. Weight vector tableThe expression is as follows:
and step 3: generating a reverse vibration signal; the output signal of the controller 15 is converted, amplified, etc. to drive the actuator A 27. Actuator A 15 generating reverse vibration wave to counteract house H1 and fixing mechanism G 12、G 23, between the two.
The controller 13 convolves the input vibration signal in step 1 with the weight vector to output an inverse vibration signal, and transverse and longitudinal output signals y0(n) and y1(n) can be represented as:
yi(n)＝xi T(n)wi(n),i＝1,2 (4)
transverse backward wave d0"(n) and longitudinal backward wave d1"(n) and output signal y0(n) and y1The relationship between (n) is:
di”(n)＝yi(n)*si(n)，i＝1,2 (5)
wherein s is0(n) and s1(n) outputting transverse wave and longitudinal wave signals to d0"(n) and d1"(n), i.e., a secondary path transfer function; in the actual anti-seismic system, transverse and longitudinal reverse waves and an earthquake transverse vibration signal d0(n) and a longitudinal vibration signal d1(n) superimposing to form a transverse error signal e0(n) and a longitudinal error signal e1(n)。
And 4, step 4: and adaptively updating the weight coefficients.
The adaptive updating algorithm architecture in the step 4 comprises a filtering X minimum mean square error algorithm and a filtering X recursive minimum mean square algorithm. The application takes a filtering X minimum mean square error algorithm framework as an example, and a weight coefficient updating formula is as follows:
wi(n+1)＝wi(n)+μiei(n)xi'(n) (6)
wherein xi'(n)＝xi(n)*si'(n)，uiIs a step size parameter, e0(n) and e1And (n) is the lateral, longitudinal error signal.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An active anti-seismic house structure is characterized by comprising a house H (1) and a fixing mechanism G1(2) And a fixing mechanism G2(3) The house H (1) is provided with a transverse elastic mechanism K1(4) And an actuator A1(5) And a fixing mechanism G1(2) Elastic connection; the house H (1) is provided with a longitudinal elastic mechanism K2(6) And an actuator A2(7) And a fixing mechanism G2(3) Elastic connection; the fixing mechanism G2(3) Buried underground in house H (1), the fixing mechanism G1(2) Is positioned at one side of the house H (1), and the fixing mechanism G1(2) And the fixing mechanism G2(3) And (4) rigid connection.
House H (1) and fixing mechanism G1(2) And a fixing mechanism G2(3) The earthquake detection sensors are arranged on the earthquake detection device, the earthquake detection sensors convert earthquake vibration signals into electric signals to be transmitted to a controller (13) provided with an adaptive control algorithm, the controller (13) generates reverse vibration signals through the adaptive control algorithm and correspondingly transmits the reverse vibration signals to an actuating mechanism A1(5) And/or actuator A2(7) Said actuator A1(5) And/or actuator A2(7) A counter-vibration wave is generated.
2. Active earthquake-proof housing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical side walls of the housing H (1) are provided with a pair of geophones, which are respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the side walls of the housing H (1) and are denoted as sensors S01(10) And a sensor S10(11) (ii) a The fixing mechanism G1(2) Fixing mechanism G2(3) The sensors are arranged on the side wall facing the house and are respectively marked as sensors S00(9) And a sensor S11(12) (ii) a The sensor S01(10) And a sensor S10(11) And a sensor S00(9) And a sensor S11(12) Are in signal connection with the controller (13).
3. Active earthquake-proof housing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the inner wall of the housing H (1) is further provided with an alarm (14), said alarm (14) being in signal connection with said controller (13).
4. Active earthquake-proof housing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said fixing means G2(3) One end of the connecting rod is connected with the fixing mechanism G through a pull rod L (8)1(2)。
5. Active earthquake-proof building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said actuator A1(5) And an actuator A2(7) Are all actuators.
6. An active earthquake-resistant building structure according to claim 3, wherein said adaptive control algorithm comprises the steps of:
step 1: constructing an input vibration signal; sensor S00(9) And a sensor S01(10) Acquired transverse signals respectively e00(n) and e01(n), the superimposed lateral error signal is denoted as e0(n), sensor S10(11) And a sensor S11(12) Acquired longitudinal signals respectively e10(n) and e11(n), the superimposed longitudinal error signal is denoted as e1(n); from the superimposed signals, a transverse input signal x is constructed0(n)＝[x0(n),x0(n-1),x0(n-2),…,x0(n-N+1)]TAnd a longitudinal input signal x1(n)＝[x1(n),x1(n-1),x1(n-2),…,x1(n-N+1)]T(ii) a The following formula:
xi(n)＝ei(n)-di”'(n),i＝0,1 (1)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
wherein d isi"' (n) is the constructed backward wave, d0"' (n) is a transverse backward wave, d1"' (n) is a longitudinal backward wave, and a signal y is output by the controlleri(n) and secondary path estimate si' (n) convolution, the secondary path is the output from the controller through the actuator to the sensor, called the secondary path, whose actual transfer function is si(n), secondary path estimation si' (n) identified by an adaptive Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter and an adaptive algorithm;
step 2: constructing a weight vector and initializing; the transverse weight vector is denoted as w0(n) the longitudinal weight vector is denoted as w1(n) and initialized to a 0 vector; the weight vector expression is:
and step 3: generating a reverse vibration signal; the output signal of the controller is converted, amplified and the like, and then drives an actuating mechanism A2(7) And/or actuator A1(5) Generating reverse vibration wave to counteract house H (1) and fixing mechanism G1(2) And/or fixing means G2(3) Vibration of the two members;
and 4, step 4: and adaptively updating the weight coefficients.
7. Active earthquake-proof building structure according to claim 6, characterized in that in step 1, when the transverse error signal e is received0(n) and a longitudinal error signal e1(n) when the threshold value is greater than a set threshold value, the controller (13) transmits an alarm signal to the alarm (14) to control the alarm(14) And (6) alarming.
8. Active earthquake-resistant building structure according to claim 6, wherein said controller (13) convolves the input vibration signal of step 1 with a weight vector to output an inverse vibration signal, and outputs transverse and longitudinal output signals y0(n) and y1(n) can be represented as:
yi(n)＝xi T(n)wi(n),i＝0,1 (4)
the transverse backward wave d0"(n) and longitudinal backward wave d1"(n) and output signal y0(n) and y1The relationship between (n) is:
di”(n)＝yi(n)*si(n)，i＝0,1 (5)
wherein s is0(n) and s1(n) outputting transverse wave and longitudinal wave signals to d0"(n) and d1"(n), i.e., a secondary path transfer function; in practical anti-seismic systems, transverse counter waves d0"(n) and longitudinal backward wave d1"(n) and seismic transverse vibration signal d0(n) and a longitudinal vibration signal d1(n) superimposing to form a transverse error signal e0(n) and a longitudinal error signal e1(n)。
9. An active anti-seismic building structure according to claim 6, wherein the value of N in step 1 can be determined by engineers according to seismic requirements, and can be 10, 32, 64, and the like.
10. The active earthquake-resistant building structure according to claim 6, wherein the adaptive updating algorithm architecture in step 4 comprises a filtering X minimum mean square error algorithm, a filtering X recursive minimum mean square algorithm, taking the filtering X minimum mean square error algorithm architecture as an example, and the weight coefficient updating formula is as follows:
wi(n+1)＝wi(n)+μiei(n)xi'(n) (6)
wherein xi'(n)＝xi(n)*si'(n)，uiIs a step size parameter, e0(n) and e1And (n) is the lateral, longitudinal error signal.
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