CN111763869A - Tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy and a preparation method and application thereof. The tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30-45% of tungsten, 15-25% of cobalt and 30-55% of nickel. The preparation method of the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy comprises the following steps: processing the raw material of the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy into an electrode ingot, and then processing the electrode ingot to obtain a vacuum consumable electrode; and installing the vacuum consumable electrode into a vacuum consumable furnace, and smelting to obtain the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy. The application of W-Co-Ni alloy in weapon manufacture. The tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy provided by the application has the advantages that harmful gas elements such as oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen and non-metallic inclusions are deeply removed, meanwhile, loose shrinkage cavities in the as-cast alloy are eliminated, solidification segregation is reduced, and the purification and homogenization levels of the alloy are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to a tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The shaped charge liner is an important component of the hollow charge warhead, and the energy-gathering effect generated during explosive explosion can quickly crush and deform the shaped charge liner into metal jet with extremely high speed and penetration capability so as to achieve the fighting purpose of attacking armor. The tungsten alloy is a metal material for the warhead with low cost and good penetration performance, has the advantages of high density, high strength and hardness, good plasticity and mechanical property and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of national defense construction and military industry. In order to meet the requirements of the alloy in terms of strength, plasticity and workability, the alloy parent metal is required to have ultrahigh purity and extremely high homogenization level.
The existing tungsten alloy can not meet the requirements of relevant mechanical properties such as elongation, reduction of area, tensile strength, yield strength and the like.
In view of this, the present application is specifically made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy, a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30-45% of tungsten, 15-25% of cobalt and 30-55% of nickel.
The tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy provided by the application has a single-phase metal structure through the collocation of tungsten, cobalt and nickel, so that the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy has excellent mechanical properties.
Alternatively, in the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy, the content of tungsten may be any value between 30%, 35%, 40%, 45% and 30-45%, the content of cobalt may be any value between 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25% and 15-25% and the content of nickel may be any value between 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55% and 30-55% in percentage by mass.
The preparation method of the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy comprises the following steps:
processing the raw material of the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy into an electrode ingot, and then processing the electrode ingot to obtain a vacuum consumable electrode;
and installing the vacuum consumable electrode into a vacuum consumable furnace, and smelting to obtain the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy.
By the vacuum consumable melting method, the deep removal of harmful gas elements such as oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen and the like and non-metallic inclusions in the alloy obtained by vacuum induction melting-pouring can be realized, meanwhile, loose shrinkage cavities in the as-cast alloy can be eliminated, solidification segregation is reduced, and the purification and homogenization levels of the alloy are greatly improved.
Preferably, the electrode ingot is obtained by vacuum induction melting and pouring;
preferably, the density of the electrode ingot is 10-13g/cm3；
Preferably, the diameter of the electrode ingot is 220-250 mm.
The density of the electrode ingot determines the tungsten alloy with high density finally obtained; the control of the diameter of the electrode ingot is beneficial to controlling the segregation coefficient of the alloy and improving the purification and homogenization level of the alloy.
Alternatively, the ingot may have a density of 10 g/cm3、10.5 g/cm3、11 g/cm3、11.5 g/cm3、12g/cm3、12.5 g/cm3、13 g/cm3And 10-13g/cm3Any value in between; the diameter of the ingot may be any value between 220mm, 230mm, 240mm, 250mm and 220 and 250 mm.
Preferably, the treatment comprises shaping, polishing, welding auxiliary electrodes and electrode baking which are carried out in sequence;
preferably, the baking temperature of the electrode is 200-300 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2.5-3.5 h;
preferably, the electrode baking process further comprises a cooling and cleaning process.
The electrode baking is used for removing water and water vapor on the surface of the ingot to the maximum extent and ensuring that the content of H, O element in the finally obtained alloy is at an extremely low level.
Optionally, the electrode baking temperature may be any value between 200 ℃, 210 ℃, 220 ℃, 230 ℃, 240 ℃, 250 ℃, 260 ℃, 270 ℃, 280 ℃, 290 ℃, 300 ℃ and 200 ℃ and 300 ℃, and the heat preservation time may be any value between 2.5h, 3h, 3.5h and 2.5-3.5 h.
Preferably, the smelting comprises a preparation stage, an initial stage, a stable smelting stage and a hot topping stage which are carried out in sequence.
More preferably, in the preparation stage, the vacuum degree in the vacuum consumable furnace is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.2Pa, the air leakage rate is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.4Pa/min, and the cooling water flow rate of the crystallizer is controlled to be 600-.
Optionally, the vacuum degree in the vacuum consumable furnace can be any value of 0.05Pa, 0.1Pa, 0.2Pa and less than or equal to 0.2 Pa; the air leakage rate can be any value of 0.1 Pa/min, 0.2 Pa/min, 0.3 Pa/min, 0.4Pa/min and less than or equal to 0.4 Pa/min; the crystallizer cooling water flow rate may be any value between 600 mL/min, 650 mL/min, 700 mL/min, 750mL/min, 800 mL/min, and 600-800 mL/min.
More preferably, the initial phase comprises a high smelting current phase;
the smelting current of the high smelting current stage is 20-30% higher than that of the stable smelting stage.
The main purpose of selecting high currents for the high melting current stage is to quickly build up the melt pool.
Optionally, the smelting current of the high smelting current stage may be higher than any value between 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30% and 20-30% of the smelting current of the positive producing smelting current stage.
More preferably, the vacuum degree in the vacuum consumable electrode furnace is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.2Pa in the stable smelting stage;
preferably, the smelting current is controlled to be 3.0-4.5KA and the smelting voltage is controlled to be 22-25V in the stable smelting stage;
preferably, the melting rate of the stable smelting stage is controlled to be 2-3 kg/min;
preferably, the flow of cooling water in the stable smelting stage is controlled to be 600-700L/min;
preferably, the stabilising smelting stage further comprises cooling using helium gas;
preferably, the flow rate of the helium gas is 400-500 mL/min;
preferably, the smelting current of the hot topping stage is adjusted by a gradient to 40% -50% of the smelting current of the stationary smelting stage.
The removal of impurity elements and the optimization of mechanical properties are realized by controlling the process and parameters of vacuum consumable melting.
Optionally, the vacuum degree in the vacuum consumable furnace controlled in the stable smelting stage can be any value of 0.05Pa, 0.1Pa, 0.2Pa and less than or equal to 0.2 Pa; the control smelting current of the stable smelting stage can be any value between 3.0KA, 3.5KA, 4.0KA, 4.5KA and 3.0-4.5KA, and the smelting voltage can be any value between 22V, 23V, 24V, 25V and 22-25V; the melting rate of the stable smelting stage can be controlled to be any value between 2kg/min, 2.1kg/min, 2.2kg/min, 2.3kg/min, 2.4kg/min, 2.5kg/min, 2.6kg/min, 2.7kg/min, 2.8kg/min, 2.9kg/min, 3kg/min and 2-3 kg/min; the flow rate of the cooling water in the stable smelting stage can be any value between 600L/min, 610L/min, 620L/min, 630L/min, 640L/min, 650L/min, 660L/min, 670L/min, 680L/min, 690L/min, 700L/min and 600-700L/min; the helium flow rate may be any value between 400mL/min, 410mL/min, 420mL/min, 430mL/min, 440mL/min, 450mL/min, 460mL/min, 470mL/min, 480mL/min, 490mL/min, 500mL/min, and 400-500 mL/min.
Preferably, the diameter of the ingot of the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy obtained by smelting is 280-300 mm.
The diameter of the finally obtained cast ingot is controlled to be matched with that of the cast ingot of the consumable electrode, and the control is performed to control the metallurgical quality of the alloy and improve the purification and homogenization levels of the alloy.
Alternatively, the diameter of the ingot of the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy obtained by smelting can be any value between 280mm, 290mm, 300mm and 280-300 mm.
The application of the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy is used for manufacturing weapons.
The tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy obtained by the method has high elongation rate, and is particularly suitable for manufacturing the warhead of a weapon, such as a liner material of the warhead.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy provided by the application has the advantages of low content of impurity elements, uniform component structure, high purification and homogenization levels of the alloy and excellent mechanical properties;
according to the preparation method of the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy, the deep removal of harmful gas elements such as oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen and non-metallic inclusions in the alloy obtained by vacuum induction melting-pouring can be realized through a vacuum consumable melting process, meanwhile, loose shrinkage cavities in the as-cast alloy can be eliminated, solidification segregation is reduced, and the purification and homogenization levels of the alloy are greatly improved; thereby obtaining high-quality, high-density, high-tungsten and high-cobalt nickel alloy;
the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy provided by the application has excellent strength, plasticity and mechanical properties, and is suitable for manufacturing various weapons.
Drawings
To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of a W-Co-Ni alloy obtained in example 1.
Detailed Description
The terms as used herein:
"prepared from … …" is synonymous with "comprising". The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.
The conjunction "consisting of … …" excludes any unspecified elements, steps or components. If used in a claim, the phrase is intended to claim as closed, meaning that it does not contain materials other than those described, except for the conventional impurities associated therewith. When the phrase "consisting of … …" appears in a clause of the subject matter of the claims rather than immediately after the subject matter, it defines only the elements described in the clause; other elements are not excluded from the claims as a whole.
When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or as a range of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when the range "1 ~ 5" is disclosed, the ranges described should be construed to include the ranges "1 ~ 4", "1 ~ 3", "1 ~ 2 and 4 ~ 5", "1 ~ 3 and 5", and the like. When a range of values is described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof and all integers and fractions within the range.
In these examples, the parts and percentages are by mass unless otherwise indicated.
"part by mass" means a basic unit of measure indicating a mass ratio of a plurality of components, and 1 part may represent any unit mass, for example, 1g or 2.689 g. If we say that the part by mass of the component A is a part by mass and the part by mass of the component B is B part by mass, the ratio of the part by mass of the component A to the part by mass of the component B is a: b. alternatively, the mass of the A component is aK and the mass of the B component is bK (K is an arbitrary number, and represents a multiple factor). It is unmistakable that, unlike the parts by mass, the sum of the parts by mass of all the components is not limited to 100 parts.
"and/or" is used to indicate that one or both of the illustrated conditions may occur, e.g., a and/or B includes (a and B) and (a or B).
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Example 1
The application provides a high-quality, large-density, high-tungsten and high-cobalt nickel alloy, which comprises 39% of tungsten, 20% of cobalt and 41% of nickel in percentage by mass;
preparing materials according to the alloy components, smelting the alloy raw materials in a vacuum induction furnace, and casting into electrode cast ingots with the diameter of 240 mm;
cutting the end of the electrode cast ingot, removing the tail, polishing the surface of the electrode cast ingot, and leaking metal luster; welding an auxiliary electrode and baking for 3 hours at 250 ℃ in a heating furnace to remove water vapor; after the electrode is taken out of the furnace and cooled in air, the surface of the electrode is wiped by clean rag to clean foreign matters such as oil stains, oxides and the like;
placing the treated electrode in a vacuum consumable electrode furnace, finishing operations such as charging, centering and sealing the furnace, introducing 650 mL/min cooling water flow, vacuumizing to 0.15 Pa, and starting power transmission smelting after the gas leakage rate is detected to be 0.2 Pa/min;
gradually increasing the current to 4.6 kA after starting arc to quickly establish a molten pool, then manually adjusting the current to 3.8kA, and entering a stable melting stage when the melting speed is 2.6 kg/min;
in the stable smelting stage, the vacuum degree in the consumable furnace is kept to be less than or equal to 0.2Pa, the smelting current is kept to be 3.8 +/-0.1 kA, the smelting voltage is kept to be 23.7 +/-0.1V, the melting rate is kept to be 2.6 +/-0.05 kg/min, the cooling water flow of 650L/min is kept, and the helium flow of 450 +/-20 ml/min is introduced;
adjusting the smelting current to 90%, 80%, 60% and 40% of the normal smelting current in stages, and stopping the smelting when the mass of the residual electrode is 50 kg;
cooling the ingot along with the furnace for 2h, breaking the air and taking the ingot, wherein the diameter of the ingot is 295 mm;
the content of O, N, H in the alloy measured by the ONH analyzer was 14 ppm, 6 ppm and 2 ppm, respectively.
The scanning electron micrograph is shown in figure 1, and the alloy is observed to have no obvious non-metallic inclusions.
The depth of a metal molten pool is about 132 mm and the secondary dendrite spacing is about 70-98 μm measured by PROCAST simulation; the segregation coefficient of W measured by an electronic probe is 1.09-1.17; the elongation of the as-cast alloy measured by a room temperature tensile test was 45.9%, the reduction of area was 30.1%, the tensile strength was 623.3 MPa, and the yield strength was 417.0 MPa.
Example 2
The application provides a high-quality, large-density, high-tungsten and high-cobalt nickel alloy, which comprises the chemical components of 35% of tungsten, 22% of cobalt and 43% of nickel in percentage by mass;
preparing materials according to the alloy components, smelting the alloy raw materials in a vacuum induction furnace, and casting into an electrode cast ingot with the diameter of 250 mm;
cutting the end of the electrode cast ingot, removing the tail, polishing the surface of the electrode cast ingot, and leaking metal luster; welding an auxiliary electrode and baking for 3.5 hours in a heating furnace at 220 ℃ to remove water vapor; after the electrode is taken out of the furnace and cooled in air, the surface of the electrode is wiped by clean rag to clean foreign matters such as oil stains, oxides and the like;
placing the treated electrode in a vacuum consumable electrode furnace, finishing operations such as charging, centering, sealing and the like, introducing cooling water flow of 750mL/min, vacuumizing to 0.20 Pa, and starting power transmission smelting after detecting that the gas leakage rate is qualified at 0.4 Pa/min;
gradually increasing the current to 5.0kA after starting arc to quickly establish a molten pool, then manually adjusting the current to 4.2 kA, and entering a stable melting stage when the melting speed reaches 2.9 kg/min;
in the stable smelting stage, the vacuum degree in the consumable furnace is kept to be less than or equal to 0.2Pa, the smelting current is kept to be 4.2 +/-0.1 kA, the smelting voltage is kept to be 24.8 +/-0.1V, the melting rate is kept to be 2.9 +/-0.05 kg/min, the cooling water flow of 750L/min is kept, and the helium flow of 450 +/-20 ml/min is introduced;
adjusting the smelting current to 90%, 80%, 60% and 40% of the normal smelting current in stages, and stopping the smelting when the mass of the residual electrode is 52 kg;
cooling the ingot along with the furnace for 2h, breaking the air and taking the ingot, wherein the diameter of the ingot is 300 mm;
the content of O, N, H in the alloy measured by the ONH analyzer was 13 ppm, 5ppm, and 2 ppm, respectively.
The alloy is observed by a scanning electron microscope to have no obvious nonmetallic inclusion.
The depth of a metal molten pool is about 141 mm and the secondary dendrite spacing is about 72-109 μm measured by PROCAST simulation; the segregation coefficient of W measured by an electronic probe is 1.09-1.20; the elongation of the as-cast alloy measured by a room temperature tensile test was 43.8%, the reduction of area was 29.6%, the tensile strength was 618.2 MPa, and the yield strength was 420.0 MPa.
Example 3
The application provides a high-quality, large-density, high-tungsten and high-cobalt nickel alloy, which comprises the chemical components of 42% of tungsten, 16% of cobalt and 42% of nickel in percentage by mass;
preparing materials according to the alloy components, smelting the alloy raw materials in a vacuum induction furnace, and casting into an electrode cast ingot with the diameter of 220 mm;
cutting the end of the electrode cast ingot, removing the tail, polishing the surface of the electrode cast ingot, and leaking metal luster; welding an auxiliary electrode and baking for 3 hours at 280 ℃ in a heating furnace to remove water vapor; after the electrode is taken out of the furnace and cooled in air, the surface of the electrode is wiped by clean rag to clean foreign matters such as oil stains, oxides and the like;
placing the treated electrode in a vacuum consumable electrode furnace, finishing operations such as charging, centering, sealing and the like, introducing cooling water flow of 600 mL/min, vacuumizing to 0.10 Pa, and starting power transmission smelting after detecting that the gas leakage rate is qualified at 0.3 Pa/min;
gradually increasing the current to 4.4kA after starting arc to quickly establish a molten pool, then manually adjusting the current to 3.4 kA, and entering a stable melting stage when the melting speed reaches 2.1 kg/min;
in the stable smelting stage, the vacuum degree in the consumable furnace is kept to be less than or equal to 0.2Pa, the smelting current is kept to be 3.4 +/-0.1 kA, the smelting voltage is kept to be 22.2 +/-0.1V, the melting rate is kept to be 2.1 +/-0.05 kg/min, the cooling water flow of 600L/min is kept, and the helium flow of 420 +/-20 ml/min is introduced;
adjusting the smelting current to 90%, 80%, 60% and 40% of the normal smelting current in stages, and stopping the smelting when the mass of the residual electrode is 49 kg;
cooling the ingot along with the furnace for 2h, breaking the air and taking the ingot, wherein the diameter of the ingot is 300 mm;
the content of O, N, H in the alloy measured by the ONH analyzer was 16 ppm, 4ppm and 2 ppm, respectively.
The alloy is observed by a scanning electron microscope to have no obvious nonmetallic inclusion.
The depth of a metal molten pool is about 120 mm and the secondary dendrite spacing is about 67-94 μm measured by PROCAST simulation; the segregation coefficient of W measured by an electronic probe is 1.08-1.17; the elongation of the as-cast alloy measured by a room temperature tensile test was 41.3%, the reduction of area was 31.2%, the tensile strength was 609.7 MPa, and the yield strength was 428.6 MPa.
Comparative example 1
Different from the embodiment 1, the alloy smelting is directly carried out by using a vacuum induction furnace without using a vacuum consumable melting method, and the preparation steps comprise: charging → vacuumizing → electric melting → refining → pouring → demoulding. Measuring O, N, H contents in the alloy to be 28 ppm, 10 ppm and 3 ppm respectively; the segregation coefficient of W is 1.15-1.31; the elongation of the as-cast alloy is 34.3%, the reduction of area is 27.7%, the tensile strength is 565.4 MPa, and the yield strength is 417.1 MPa.
As can be seen from the comparison between example 1 and comparative example 1, the alloy obtained by singly using the existing vacuum induction melting process has high impurity element content, large segregation coefficient and poor mechanical property.
Comparative example 2
Unlike example 2, the melting rate in the steady state melting stage was 3.2 Kg/min.
The depth of a metal molten pool is about 207 mm and the secondary dendrite spacing is about 87-135 μm measured by PROCAST simulation; the metal molten pool is deep, the dendrite spacing is large, and the segregation of solute elements is easily caused.
Comparative example 3
Unlike example 3, the melting rate in the steady state melting stage was 1.8 Kg/min.
The depth of a metal molten pool is about 93 mm and the secondary dendrite spacing is about 59-83 μm measured by PROCAST simulation; the molten metal pool is shallow and tends to deteriorate the surface quality.
As can be seen from comparison of examples 2 to 3 with comparative examples 2 to 3, the proper melting rate at the stable melting stage has a significant influence on the quality of the alloy.
The invention provides a high-quality, high-density, high-tungsten and high-cobalt-nickel alloy, and the adopted vacuum consumable melting process can effectively reduce the content of impurity elements in the alloy, reduce solidification segregation and improve the mechanical properties of the alloy, such as strength, plasticity and the like. The alloy has a single-phase metal structure and the density can reach 10-13g/cm3。
According to the technical scheme of the invention, by combining PROCAST simulation with industrial test research, the results show that the impurity elements [ O ] in the alloy obtained by adopting the process are less than or equal to 20 ppm, [ N ] is less than or equal to 10 ppm and [ H ] is less than or equal to 2 ppm. No obvious non-metal impurities exist in the consumable ingot, the depth of a metal molten pool is 120-130 mm, the secondary dendrite spacing is 50-90 mu m, and the W segregation coefficient k0 is less than or equal to 1.1. The elongation percentage of the cast alloy at room temperature is more than or equal to 41 percent, the reduction of area is more than or equal to 30 percent, the tensile strength can reach 623 MPa, and the yield strength can reach 417 MPa.
The excellent properties make the W-Co-Ni alloy provided by the application applicable to manufacturing weapons, particularly warheads of the weapons, such as a liner material for a armor-piercing warhead.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims above, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination. The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 30-45% of tungsten, 15-25% of cobalt and 30-55% of nickel.
2. A method of making the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy of claim 1, comprising:
processing the raw material of the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy into an electrode ingot, and then processing the electrode ingot to obtain a vacuum consumable electrode;
and installing the vacuum consumable electrode into a vacuum consumable furnace, and smelting to obtain the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the electrode ingot is obtained by vacuum induction melting and pouring; the density of the electrode ingot is 10-13g/cm3(ii) a The diameter of the electrode ingot is 220-250 mm.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the processing includes shaping, polishing, welding an auxiliary electrode, and electrode baking, which are performed in this order; the baking temperature of the electrode is 200-300 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2.5-3.5 h; the electrode baking process also includes cooling and cleaning processes.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the smelting comprises a preparation stage, an initiation stage, a stabilization smelting stage, and a hot topping stage performed in sequence.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the preparation stage, the degree of vacuum in the vacuum consumable electrode furnace is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.2Pa, the gas leakage rate is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.4Pa/min, and the flow rate of cooling water in the crystallizer is controlled to be 600-.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the initial phase comprises a high smelting current phase;
the smelting current of the high smelting current stage is 20-30% higher than that of the stable smelting stage.
8. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the stable smelting stage controls the vacuum degree in the vacuum consumable electrode furnace to be less than or equal to 0.2 Pa; controlling the smelting current to be 3.0-4.5KA and the smelting voltage to be 22-25V in the stable smelting stage; the melting rate is controlled to be 2-3kg/min in the stable melting stage; the flow rate of cooling water is controlled to be 600-700L/min in the stable smelting stage; the steady melting stage further comprises cooling using helium gas; the flow rate of the helium is 400-500 mL/min; and the smelting current of the heat capping stage is adjusted to be 40-50% of the smelting current of the stable smelting stage through gradient adjustment.
9. The preparation method according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the ingot of the tungsten-cobalt-nickel alloy obtained by smelting has a diameter of 280-300 mm.
10. Use of the tungsten cobalt nickel alloy of claim 1 for weapon manufacture.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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