CN111763020A - Double-chamber shaft kiln and calcining method - Google Patents

Double-chamber shaft kiln and calcining method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111763020A
CN111763020A CN202010819661.2A CN202010819661A CN111763020A CN 111763020 A CN111763020 A CN 111763020A CN 202010819661 A CN202010819661 A CN 202010819661A CN 111763020 A CN111763020 A CN 111763020A
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China
Prior art keywords
kiln
chamber
shaft
shaft kiln
cross
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CN202010819661.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
田辉
段国建
全强
孟凯彪
王艳民
王得刚
冯燕波
岳杰
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MCC Capital Engineering and Research Incorporation Ltd
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MCC Capital Engineering and Research Incorporation Ltd
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Priority to CN202010819661.2A priority Critical patent/CN111763020A/en
Publication of CN111763020A publication Critical patent/CN111763020A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2/00Lime, magnesia or dolomite
    • C04B2/10Preheating, burning calcining or cooling
    • C04B2/12Preheating, burning calcining or cooling in shaft or vertical furnaces

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a double-chamber shaft kiln and a calcining method, wherein the double-chamber shaft kiln comprises a first shaft kiln and a second shaft kiln which are identical in structure and are symmetrically arranged, the first shaft kiln comprises a middle chamber, the cross section of the middle chamber is a regular polygon with the number of sides larger than five, and the side wall of the middle chamber of the first shaft kiln is connected and communicated with the side wall of the middle chamber of the second shaft kiln. The invention has the advantages that the invention ensures that the alkaline steam in the kiln can rapidly and directly enter the second shaft kiln from the connecting channel formed at the communicating part of the side wall of the middle kiln chamber, and the steam can not be condensed on the quicklime, thereby avoiding any incrustation phenomenon on the connecting channel.

Description

Double-chamber shaft kiln and calcining method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial kilns, in particular to a double-hearth shaft kiln and a calcination method.
Background
The double-chamber shaft kiln adopts an advanced parallel-flow heat accumulation calcination principle. The parallel flow means that the combustion air, the fuel and the materials all flow downwards from the upper part of the calcining zone, the flow directions of the three are the same, and the materials realize gradient combustion, thereby avoiding the over-combustion phenomenon. The heat storage means that flue gas generated by calcination enters another kiln chamber through a flue to preheat materials in a preheating zone, so that heat can be fully recovered. The thermal characteristics of cocurrent calcination and countercurrent heat storage determine that the double-hearth kiln has high thermal efficiency, and the heat energy consumption of the double-hearth kiln is the lowest in all types of lime kilns such as rotary kilns, sleeve kilns and the like.
At present, the sections of the kiln hearths of a heat accumulating type kiln for calcining blocky bulk materials are mainly as follows: one is rectangular; secondly, the shape is semicircular; and thirdly, the kilns in the three forms are all connected through a connecting channel, the length of the connecting channel is long, alkaline steam cannot rapidly and directly enter another kiln chamber from the connecting channel, and the steam can be condensed on quicklime, so that the crust formation phenomenon is generated on the connecting channel.
In the traditional heat accumulating type lime kiln, the kiln chambers are rectangular, the two kiln chambers are connected through a straight channel, and the yield is very low. The more flue gas is allowed to pass through the channel connecting the two kiln chambers, the more ideal the operating conditions of the shaft kiln will be. However, from the structure of the lime kiln, when the shaft kiln is bigger and the wall is longer, the kiln body is in danger of deforming due to thermal expansion.
In the shaft kiln with the semicircular kiln chamber section, the channel connecting the two kiln chambers has the whole diameter, and the distance from each part of materials in the semicircle to the diameter is greatly different, so that the condition of uneven airflow distribution exists on the structure.
The circular kiln chamber realizes the uniformity of airflow distribution by forming an annular space at the periphery of the section of the kiln chamber. However, as the sectional size of the kiln chamber increases, hot air flow bias flow is easily formed in the kiln chamber, and particularly, a dead zone of the hot air flow is formed at the corner of the vertical kiln chamber and the channel, so that materials in the dead zone cannot be fully calcined, and the calcination quality of products is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a double-chamber shaft kiln and a calcining method, which aim to avoid crust formation of a connecting passage.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a double-chamber shaft kiln, includes the first shaft kiln and the second shaft kiln that the structure is the same and the symmetry sets up, and first shaft kiln includes middle part kiln chamber, and the cross section of middle part kiln chamber is the regular polygon that the limit number is greater than five, and the lateral wall of the middle part kiln chamber of first shaft kiln meets and feeds through with the lateral wall of the middle part kiln chamber of second shaft kiln.
Further, first shaft kiln still includes upper portion kiln thorax, along the coaxial setting in the top of middle part kiln thorax of vertical direction, upper portion kiln thorax and middle part kiln thorax are connected and are switched on.
Further, the area of the cross section of the upper kiln chamber is smaller than that of the cross section of the middle kiln chamber.
Further, the cross section of the upper kiln chamber has the same shape as that of the middle kiln chamber.
Further, the cross section of the upper kiln chamber is circular.
Further, first shaft kiln still includes lower part kiln thorax, along the coaxial setting in the below of middle part kiln thorax of vertical direction, lower part kiln thorax is frustum column structure, and the major diameter end of lower part kiln thorax is connected and switches on with middle part kiln thorax, and the minor diameter end of lower part kiln thorax sets up the below at the major diameter end of lower part kiln thorax along vertical direction.
Further, the cross section of the lower kiln chamber has the same shape as that of the middle kiln chamber.
The invention also provides a calcination method, which adopts the double-chamber shaft kiln for calcination and comprises the following steps: step 10, injecting combustion-supporting air from the top of the first shaft kiln, wherein the combustion-supporting air is preheated by limestone of the first shaft kiln in the descending process; step 20, spraying coal gas into the first shaft kiln through a spray gun arranged in the first shaft kiln, mixing the coal gas and combustion-supporting air to calcine limestone and generate lime and flue gas; step 30, enabling lime to enter the lower part of the first shaft kiln, introducing cooling air to the bottom of the first shaft kiln to cool the lime, and forming high-temperature air after the heat exchange between the cooling air and the lime; and step 40, enabling the high-temperature air and the flue gas to enter the second shaft kiln and preheating limestone in the second shaft kiln.
Further, step 30 specifically includes the following steps: cooling air is introduced into the bottom of the first shaft kiln to reduce the lime cooling temperature to 60-80 ℃.
Further, the double-hearth shaft kiln further comprises a discharging device and a bin, the discharging device is arranged at the bottom of the first shaft kiln, the bin is connected with the discharging device, and the step 30 further comprises the following steps: and discharging the lime cooled to 60-80 ℃ to a storage bin through a discharging device for storage.
The invention has the advantages that the invention ensures that the alkaline steam in the kiln can rapidly and directly enter the second shaft kiln from the connecting channel formed at the communicating part of the side wall of the middle kiln chamber, and the steam can not be condensed on the quicklime, thereby avoiding any incrustation phenomenon on the connecting channel.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the middle kiln bore of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the first shaft kiln of FIG. 1.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1. a first shaft kiln; 11. an upper kiln chamber; 12. a middle kiln chamber; 13. a lower kiln chamber; 2. a second shaft kiln; 3. a connecting channel.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a double-chamber shaft kiln, which includes a first shaft kiln 1 and a second shaft kiln 2 that have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged, where the first shaft kiln 1 includes a middle chamber 12, the cross section of the middle chamber 12 is a regular polygon with more than five sides, and the side wall of the middle chamber 12 of the first shaft kiln 1 is connected and communicated with the side wall of the middle chamber 12 of the second shaft kiln 2.
The side wall of the middle kiln chamber 12 of the first shaft kiln 1 is connected and communicated with the side wall of the middle kiln chamber 12 of the second shaft kiln 2 to form a connecting channel 3, the connecting channel 3 is shorter and straighter than the connecting channel in the prior art, alkaline steam in the kiln can rapidly and directly enter the second shaft kiln 2 from the connecting channel 3, and the steam can not be condensed on quick lime, so that the phenomenon of any crust formation on the connecting channel 3 is avoided.
Meanwhile, the side wall of the middle kiln chamber 12 of the first shaft kiln 1 is connected with the side wall of the middle kiln chamber 12 of the second shaft kiln 2 and communicated to form the connecting channel 3, so that a dead zone of hot air flow is prevented from being formed at the corner of the vertical kiln chamber and the connecting channel 3, materials in the dead zone cannot be sufficiently calcined, and the calcining quality of a product is influenced. Moreover, compared with the prior art, the total area of the connecting channel 3 is increased, the smoke gas passes through smoothly, the heat energy utilization rate in the kiln is greatly improved, and the energy consumption ratio of the lime kiln is reduced.
The first shaft kiln 1 in the embodiment of the invention also comprises an upper kiln chamber 11 which is coaxially arranged above the middle kiln chamber 12 along the vertical direction, and the upper kiln chamber 11 is connected and communicated with the middle kiln chamber 12. And the area of the cross section of the upper kiln chamber 11 is smaller than that of the cross section of the middle kiln chamber 12.
The purpose of enabling the area of the cross section of the upper kiln chamber 11 to be smaller than the area of the cross section of the middle kiln chamber 12 is to form an annular space at the periphery of the middle kiln chamber 12, enabling flue gas to flow from the center of the kiln chamber of the middle kiln chamber 12 to the periphery, and ensuring that the most uniform flue gas flows through the whole kiln chamber cross section of the middle kiln chamber 12 so as to reduce or avoid dead zones.
Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the upper kiln chamber 11 is circular or the cross-sectional shape of the upper kiln chamber 11 is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the middle kiln chamber 12. The cross-section of the upper kiln chamber 11 is configured as described above in order to further even the flue gas flow through the entire kiln chamber cross-section of the middle kiln chamber 12.
The first shaft kiln 1 further comprises a lower kiln chamber 13, the lower kiln chamber 13 is of a frustum-shaped structure, a large-diameter end of the lower kiln chamber 13 is connected with the middle kiln chamber 12 and conducted, and a small-diameter end of the lower kiln chamber 13 is arranged below the large-diameter end of the lower kiln chamber 13 in the vertical direction. The lower kiln chamber 13 is arranged in the above-mentioned structure for the purpose of facilitating cooling and discharging of lime, so that the lime in the lower kiln chamber 13 is more easily discharged by the discharging device.
The cross-sectional shape of the lower chamber 13 is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the middle chamber 12. The lower kiln chamber 13 with the same cross section shape can be arranged to facilitate the stacking of the kiln chambers.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the middle chambers 12 of the first shaft kiln 1 and the second shaft kiln 2 are both regular hexagonal structures, and the hexagonal shaft kiln has the advantages of both the rectangular shaft kiln and the circular shaft kiln, and has the advantages of simple and stable structure, being beneficial to uniform sinking and forward movement of the material, not causing the enhancement of the "kiln wall effect", and convenient construction, having a smaller kiln capacity surface area, less heat dissipation loss, and less consumption of the kiln lining refractory material of a unit kiln capacity. Compared with a complex channel design, the distance of the connecting channel 3 in the embodiment is short, the cross section area of the connecting channel 3 is increased, and dust deposition and nodulation do not exist. The product quality is obviously improved while the output of the shaft kiln is improved.
The invention also provides a calcination method, which adopts the double-chamber shaft kiln for calcination and comprises the following steps:
step 10, injecting combustion-supporting air from the top of the first shaft kiln 1, wherein the combustion-supporting air is preheated by limestone of the first shaft kiln 1 in the descending process;
step 20, spraying coal gas into the first shaft kiln 1 through a spray gun arranged in the first shaft kiln 1, mixing the coal gas and combustion-supporting air to calcine limestone and generate lime and flue gas;
step 30, enabling lime to enter the lower part of the first shaft kiln 1, introducing cooling air to the bottom of the first shaft kiln 1 to cool the lime, and forming high-temperature air after the heat exchange between the cooling air and the lime;
and step 40, enabling the high-temperature air and the flue gas to enter the second shaft kiln 2 and preheating limestone in the second shaft kiln 2.
The specific calcination method is as follows: the first shaft kiln 1 is divided into a preheating zone, a calcining zone and a cooling zone from top to bottom, wherein the preheating zone is arranged in an upper kiln chamber 11, the calcining zone is arranged in the upper kiln chamber 11 and a middle kiln chamber 12, and the cooling zone is arranged in a lower kiln chamber 13. The preheating zone, the calcining zone and the cooling zone respectively preheat and calcine limestone and cool calcined lime.
While preheating the belt: the combustion-supporting air flows downwards and is preheated by the hot limestone at the same time; when the combustion-supporting air reaches the calcining zone, the combustion-supporting air is mixed with coal gas conveyed by uniformly arranged spray guns to burn, so that the materials are calcined; after the calcination is finished, the generated lime enters a cooling zone, contacts with cooling air which is supplied from the kiln bottom and cools the lime, carries out heat exchange to reduce the temperature of the lime to 60-80 ℃, then enters a storage bin, and is discharged through a kiln bottom discharging device.
Meanwhile, after the cooling air and the lime finish heat exchange, the temperature rises to accumulate heat, and the heat rises to the connecting channel 3 to be mixed with the waste combustion flue gas and enter the second shaft kiln 2.
It should be noted that the present embodiment belongs to positive pressure operation, and under normal production conditions, the pressure of the calcining kiln chamber is always higher than that of the non-calcining kiln chamber, so as to ensure the normal flow of gas in the kiln body. In the first calcination period, the material and combustion air enter from the top of the first shaft kiln 1 and flow downward under the effect of the pressure difference. From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
1. the polygonal double-chamber shaft kiln is designed into two symmetrical equilateral polygonal sections so as to ensure that the most uniform flue gas flow passes through the section of the whole kiln chamber, and has the advantages of a rectangular shaft kiln and a circular shaft kiln.
2. The connecting channel between the two kiln chambers is short and straight, so that the alkaline steam in the kiln can quickly and directly enter the other kiln chamber from the short and straight channel, the steam cannot be condensed on the quicklime, and the phenomenon of incrustation on the channel is avoided.
3. The polygonal double-hearth shaft kiln has the advantages of small gas flow bias flow, uniform heat transmission, no dead angle in calcination, no blockage phenomenon in a channel and high calcination quality.
4. The polygonal double-chamber shaft kiln has the advantages of simple building, flexible operation, low investment, low operating cost, low energy consumption and the like. The product quality is obviously improved while the output of the shaft kiln is improved.
The above description is only exemplary of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, so that the invention is intended to cover all modifications and equivalents of the embodiments described herein. In addition, the technical features, the technical schemes and the technical schemes can be freely combined and used.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a double-chamber shaft kiln, its characterized in that, includes first shaft kiln (1) and second shaft kiln (2) that the structure is the same and the symmetry sets up, first shaft kiln (1) includes middle part kiln chamber (12), the cross section of middle part kiln chamber (12) is the regular polygon that the limit number is greater than five, just first shaft kiln (1) the lateral wall of middle part kiln chamber (12) with second shaft kiln (2) the lateral wall of middle part kiln chamber (12) meets and communicates.
2. The dual-bore shaft kiln as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the first shaft kiln (1) further comprises an upper shaft chamber (11) coaxially arranged in the vertical direction above the middle shaft chamber (12), the upper shaft chamber (11) being connected and communicating with the middle shaft chamber (12).
3. The dual-bore shaft kiln according to claim 2, characterized in that the cross-section of the upper chamber (11) has a smaller area than the cross-section of the middle chamber (12).
4. A double-bore shaft kiln according to claim 3, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the upper chamber (11) is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the middle chamber (12).
5. A dual-bore shaft kiln according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper chamber (11) is circular in cross-section.
6. The dual-bore shaft kiln as recited in claim 1, wherein the first shaft kiln (1) further comprises a lower shaft chamber (13) coaxially disposed below the middle shaft chamber (12) in the vertical direction, the lower shaft chamber (13) is in a frustum-shaped structure, the large diameter end of the lower shaft chamber (13) is connected and conducted with the middle shaft chamber (12), and the small diameter end of the lower shaft chamber (13) is disposed below the large diameter end of the lower shaft chamber (13) in the vertical direction.
7. The dual-bore shaft kiln according to claim 6, characterized in that the shape of the cross-section of the lower chamber (13) is the same as the shape of the cross-section of the middle chamber (12).
8. A calcination process for calcination using the double-hearth shaft kiln of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
step 10, injecting combustion-supporting air from the top of the first shaft kiln (1), wherein the combustion-supporting air is preheated by limestone in the first shaft kiln (1) in the downward process;
step 20, spraying coal gas into the first shaft kiln (1) through a spray gun arranged in the first shaft kiln (1), mixing the coal gas with the combustion-supporting air, calcining the limestone and generating lime and flue gas;
step 30, enabling the lime to enter the lower position of a first shaft kiln (1), introducing cooling air to the bottom of the first shaft kiln (1) to cool the lime, and forming high-temperature air after the heat exchange between the cooling air and the lime;
and 40, enabling the high-temperature air and the flue gas to enter the second shaft kiln (2) and preheating limestone in the second shaft kiln (2).
9. Calcination method according to claim 8, characterized in that said step 30 comprises in particular the steps of: and introducing cooling air to the bottom of the first shaft kiln (1) to reduce the lime cooling temperature to 60-80 ℃.
10. The calcination method according to claim 9, wherein the dual-bore shaft kiln further comprises a discharge device disposed at the bottom of the first shaft kiln (1) and a silo connected to the discharge device, and wherein the step 30 further comprises the steps of: and discharging the lime cooled to 60-80 ℃ to the storage bin through the discharging device for storage.
CN202010819661.2A 2020-08-14 2020-08-14 Double-chamber shaft kiln and calcining method Pending CN111763020A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112250326A (en) * 2020-11-18 2021-01-22 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 Streamline lime kiln
CN113357923A (en) * 2021-06-02 2021-09-07 南京钢铁股份有限公司 Production control method of lime double-D kiln in countercurrent heat storage control mode
CN114455860A (en) * 2022-02-28 2022-05-10 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 Double-hearth lime kiln and operation method thereof

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202988992U (en) * 2012-12-27 2013-06-12 何志雄 Double-hearth parallel-flow heat storage type lime shaft kiln
CN204918380U (en) * 2015-09-01 2015-12-30 北京嘉永会通能源科技有限公司 Two thorax shaft kilns
US20200048146A1 (en) * 2017-04-17 2020-02-13 Shiheng ZHANG Lime kiln apparatus fully recycling co2
CN111233351A (en) * 2020-03-10 2020-06-05 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 Double-hearth kiln and calcination method
CN212335038U (en) * 2020-08-14 2021-01-12 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 Double-chamber shaft kiln

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202988992U (en) * 2012-12-27 2013-06-12 何志雄 Double-hearth parallel-flow heat storage type lime shaft kiln
CN204918380U (en) * 2015-09-01 2015-12-30 北京嘉永会通能源科技有限公司 Two thorax shaft kilns
US20200048146A1 (en) * 2017-04-17 2020-02-13 Shiheng ZHANG Lime kiln apparatus fully recycling co2
CN111233351A (en) * 2020-03-10 2020-06-05 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 Double-hearth kiln and calcination method
CN212335038U (en) * 2020-08-14 2021-01-12 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 Double-chamber shaft kiln

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112250326A (en) * 2020-11-18 2021-01-22 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 Streamline lime kiln
CN113357923A (en) * 2021-06-02 2021-09-07 南京钢铁股份有限公司 Production control method of lime double-D kiln in countercurrent heat storage control mode
CN114455860A (en) * 2022-02-28 2022-05-10 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 Double-hearth lime kiln and operation method thereof
CN114455860B (en) * 2022-02-28 2024-05-14 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 Double-chamber lime kiln and operation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20201013

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