CN111762707B

CN111762707B - Hoist for ship traction hoisting

Info

Publication number: CN111762707B
Application number: CN202010819375.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏锐祥; 王小庆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Wei Ruixiang
Priority date: 2020-08-14
Filing date: 2020-08-14
Publication date: 2021-10-15
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-14
Also published as: CN111762707A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machinery, and discloses a winch for reusing ship traction, which comprises a winding drum, wherein one end of the winding drum is rotatably connected with a fixed rod, the fixed rod extends into an inner cavity of the winding drum and is fixedly connected with an inner cylinder, a main electromagnet is fixedly arranged in the inner cylinder, a plurality of slideways corresponding to the magnetic pole surfaces of the main electromagnet are arranged on the side surface of the inner cylinder, damping mechanisms are arranged at the slideways at the two ends of the inner cylinder, a main friction mechanism is arranged at the slideway in the middle of the inner cylinder, and a baffle plate and a dynamic friction belt corresponding to the damping mechanism and the main friction mechanism are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the winding drum. The invention converts part of the kinetic energy of the rotation of the winding drum into the elastic potential energy of the damping spring by the damping of the damping spring to reduce the rotating speed of the baffle, reduce the friction loss at the moment of contact of the static friction belt and the dynamic friction belt, prolong the service life of the static friction belt and the dynamic friction belt and reduce the maintenance cost of the winch.

Description

Hoist for ship traction hoisting

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machinery, in particular to a winch for reusing ship traction.

Background

Winches are the simplest common hoisting devices in hoisting machinery. It can be used alone, also can regard as the main structure of various hoisting machinery. The hoisting machine is combined with the pulley block to form a hoisting or traction device, and the steel wire rope is wound by the winding drum to carry out transportation, traction and other work. The winch has a simple structure, is convenient to combine and use, and is widely applied to building engineering. The level of its technical performance directly affects the production efficiency of construction engineering, and is therefore of great concern to the unit of use.

The winding drum is the main bearing part of the winch and has the function of winding the steel wire rope, bearing all lifting loads, transmitting power and completing the tasks of lifting and lowering materials, machines or heavy objects. When the spool needs to be stopped, the conventional braking mode is to stop the rotation of the spool by means of friction braking on the outside of the spool. At the moment of braking, the kinetic energy of the winding drum is converted into the internal energy of the friction belt, and when the kinetic energy of the winding drum at the moment of braking is larger, the friction belt is more worn, so that the service life of the friction belt is shortened; in addition, the brake of the existing winch is mostly exposed in the external environment, the humidity of the environment where the winch is located is high due to the fact that the ship runs on water, the friction belt exposed outside for a long time is easy to corrode, and the friction force between the friction belts is reduced due to the fact that much moisture is attached to the surfaces of the friction belts, so that the braking effect is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the existing winch in the use process in the background technology, the invention provides the winch for reusing the ship traction, which has the advantages of reducing the abrasion of a friction belt and the surface moisture of the friction belt and solves the problems in the background technology.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a hoist engine is used in hoist engine is pull to boats and ships, includes the reel, the one end of reel is rotated and is connected with the dead lever, the dead lever extends to in the inner chamber of reel and fixedly connected with inner tube, the inside fixed mounting of inner tube has main electromagnet, a plurality of slides corresponding with main electromagnet magnetic pole face are seted up to the side of inner tube, the slide department at inner tube both ends is equipped with damping mechanism, slide department in the middle of the inner tube is equipped with main friction mechanism, be provided with baffle and the dynamic friction area corresponding with damping mechanism and main friction mechanism position on the inner wall of reel respectively.

Preferably, the damping mechanism comprises a sliding block, a damping electromagnet, a damping spring and a damping pressing plate, the sliding block is connected inside the sliding way in a sliding mode, the damping electromagnet is located inside the top end of the sliding block, a cavity located at the damping electromagnet is formed in the side face of the sliding block, one end of the damping spring is fixed to the inner wall of the cavity, one end, far away from the damping electromagnet, of the damping spring is connected with the damping pressing plate, and the damping spring can be completely contained in the cavity.

Preferably, the main friction mechanism comprises a brake spring, a brake pressure plate and a static friction belt, the brake pressure plate is located inside the slideway, one end, close to the main electromagnet, of the brake pressure plate is connected to the inner wall of the slideway, the other end of the brake pressure plate is fixedly connected with the static friction belt, the surface, far away from the brake pressure plate, of the static friction belt is fixedly connected with a heat absorption box, and the static friction belt opposite to the dynamic friction belt is arranged on the outer wall of the heat absorption box.

Preferably, the heat absorption box is longitudinally telescopic, the interior of the heat absorption box is filled with gas, and the heat absorption box is made of a material with high thermal conductivity.

Preferably, the two symmetrically distributed damping mechanisms form a group, the damping electromagnets in each group of damping mechanisms are electrically connected with a controller, and the controller is coupled in a circuit of the main electromagnets.

Preferably, two electromagnetic valves are arranged on the outer wall of the winding drum, and the electromagnetic valves are respectively arranged at two ends of the winding drum and are distributed in a vertically staggered manner.

Preferably, the baffle plate is provided in a fan blade shape, a main surface of the baffle plate faces in the direction of both ends of the drum, and a side surface of the baffle plate is contactable with the damping pressure plate.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention converts part of the kinetic energy of the rotation of the winding drum into the elastic potential energy of the damping spring by the damping of the damping spring to reduce the rotating speed of the baffle, reduce the friction loss at the moment of contact of the static friction belt and the dynamic friction belt, prolong the service life of the static friction belt and the dynamic friction belt and reduce the maintenance cost of the winch.

2. The side surface of the static friction belt is connected with the heat absorption box, and the gas in the heat absorption box absorbs the heat generated by friction when the static friction belt and the dynamic friction belt brake, so that the aim of reducing the temperature of the static friction belt and the dynamic friction belt is fulfilled, the condition of reducing the friction force caused by the temperature rise of the static friction belt and the dynamic friction belt can be reduced, and the heat absorption expanded gas can be used for applying pressure on the static friction belt to compensate the braking effect of the main friction mechanism.

3. The invention drives the baffle plate to rotate through the winding drum, and the shape of the fan blades of the baffle plate can promote air to flow in the inner cavity of the winding drum, so that scraps generated by friction of the static friction belt and the dynamic friction belt in the braking process are blown out, and the purpose of cleaning the scraps is achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the roll of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inner barrel of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the drum and the inner cylinder according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a reel; 101. fixing the rod; 2. an inner barrel; 201. a slideway; 3. a main electromagnet; 4. a damping mechanism; 401. a slider; 402. a damping electromagnet; 403. a damping spring; 404. a damping pressure plate; 5. a main friction mechanism; 501. a brake spring; 502. braking the pressure plate; 503. a static friction belt; 6. a baffle plate; 7. a controller; 8. a heat absorption box; 9. a dynamic friction belt; 10. an electromagnetic valve.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-4, a winch for reusing ship traction includes a winding drum 1, one end of the winding drum 1 is rotatably connected with a fixing rod 101, the fixing rod 101 is connected to a fixing bracket, the other end of the winding drum 1 is connected with a rotating shaft of a speed reducer, thereby driving the winding drum 1 to rotate, the fixing rod 101 extends into an inner cavity of the winding drum 1 and is fixedly connected with an inner cylinder 2, the other end of the inner cylinder 2 is rotatably connected to an inner wall of the winding drum 1, in the scheme, the fixing rod 101 and the inner cylinder 2 are kept stationary by the fixing bracket, the winding drum 1 rotates relative to the fixing rod 101 and the inner cylinder 2, a main electromagnet 3 is fixedly installed inside the inner cylinder 2, a plurality of slideways 201 corresponding to a magnetic pole face of the main electromagnet 3 are arranged on a side face of the inner cylinder 2, damping mechanisms 4 are arranged at the slideways 201 at two ends of the inner cylinder 2, each damping mechanism 4 includes a sliding block 401, a damping electromagnet 402, a damping spring 403 and a damping pressing plate 404, the damping pressing plate 404 is a magnet block, the sliding block 401 is connected inside the sliding channel 201 in a sliding mode, the damping electromagnet 402 is located inside the top end of the sliding block 401, a cavity located at the damping electromagnet 402 is formed in the side face of the sliding block 401, one end of the damping spring 403 is fixed to the inner wall of the cavity, one end, far away from the damping electromagnet 402, of the damping spring 403 is connected with the damping pressing plate 404, the damping spring 403 can be completely contained in the cavity, when braking is conducted, the main electromagnet 3 is electrified, the magnetic poles of the sliding block 401 and the opposite end of the main electromagnet 3 are the same, the sliding block 401 is pushed upwards along the sliding channel 201, when the damping electromagnet 402 is removed from the inside of the sliding channel 201, the electrification time and the current of the damping electromagnet 402 are controlled through the controller 7, so that the damping spring 403 is restored to the original state from compression, when the baffle 6 rotates to extrude the damping spring 403 to a certain degree, the damping electromagnet 402 is electrified with reverse current, the damping pressure plate 404 compresses the damping spring 403 to prevent the damping spring 403 from pushing the baffle 6 to rotate reversely; a main friction mechanism 5 is arranged at a slide way 201 in the middle of the inner cylinder 2, the main friction mechanism 5 comprises a brake spring 501, a brake pressure plate 502 and a static friction belt 503, the brake pressure plate 502 is a magnet block, the brake pressure plate 502 is positioned in the slide way 201, one end of the brake pressure plate 502 close to the main electromagnet 3 is connected to the inner wall of the slide way 201, the other end of the brake pressure plate 502 is fixedly connected with the static friction belt 503, the surface of the static friction belt 503 far away from the brake pressure plate 502 is fixedly connected with a heat absorption box 8, and the outer wall of the heat absorption box 8 is provided with the static friction belt 503 opposite to the position of the dynamic friction belt 9; the heat absorption box 8 can longitudinally stretch, gas is filled in the heat absorption box 8, the heat absorption box 8 is made of a material with high thermal conductivity, when the static friction belt 503 and the dynamic friction belt 9 are in contact friction to generate heat, the gas in the heat absorption box 8 absorbs the heat to expand, the heat absorption box 8 is enabled to be enlarged in volume, the static friction belt 503 is extruded towards the dynamic friction belt 9, the friction force between the static friction belt 503 and the dynamic friction belt 9 is further increased, the braking effect on the winding drum 1 is improved, meanwhile, the heat generated by friction is converted into the internal energy of the gas, and the problem that the static friction belt 503 and the dynamic friction belt 9 deform due to temperature rise is solved, so that the friction performance is reduced; the inner wall of the winding drum 1 is respectively provided with a baffle 6 and a dynamic friction belt 9 which correspond to the damping mechanism 4 and the main friction mechanism 5; the baffle 6 is in a fan blade shape, the main surface of the baffle 6 faces the directions of the two ends of the winding drum 1, the side surface of the baffle 6 can be in contact with the damping pressure plate 404, the outer wall of the winding drum 1 is provided with two electromagnetic valves 10, the electromagnetic valves 10 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the winding drum 1 and are distributed in a vertically staggered manner, when the winding drum 1 works normally, the baffle 6 rotates along with the winding drum 1, so that air flow entering the inner cavity of the winding drum 1 can flow in an S shape, and the cleaning effect of fragments of the static friction belt 503 and the dynamic friction belt 9 is improved; the opening of the electromagnetic valve 10 needs to be performed after the damping mechanism 4 and the main friction mechanism 5 brake the winding drum 1, the heat absorption box 8 can absorb the generated heat and play a better braking effect on the winding drum 1 during braking, the two electromagnetic valves 10 can be simultaneously opened, but when the electromagnetic valves are closed, the electromagnetic valve 10 at the air inlet is firstly closed, and then the electromagnetic valve 10 at the air outlet is closed, so that the baffle 6 can discharge the air from the inner cavity of the winding drum 1, the air quantity in the inner cavity of the winding drum 1 and the water vapor quantity carried in the air are reduced, and the static friction belt 503 and the dynamic friction belt 9 are prevented from being in a humid environment for a long time, so that the braking effect of the static friction belt 503 and the dynamic friction belt 9 can be ensured, and the service life of the static friction belt and the dynamic friction belt 9 can be prolonged.

The two symmetrically distributed damping mechanisms 4 form a group, the damping electromagnet 402 in each group of damping mechanisms 4 is electrically connected with a controller 7, the controller 7 is coupled in the circuit of the main electromagnet 3, when the baffle 6 is contacted with the damping pressure plate 404, if the winding drum 1 is still rotating, the compression damping spring 403 is compressed, the kinetic energy of the rotation of the reel 1 is converted into the elastic potential energy of the damping spring 403, the controller 7 controls the direction of the current passing through the damping electromagnet 402, so that the damping electromagnet 402 attracts the damping pressing plate 404, the damping spring 403 is ensured not to push the baffle 6 reversely, on one hand, the reduction of the braking effect caused by natural loss in the long-term use process of the static friction belt 503 and the dynamic friction belt 9 is compensated, meanwhile, the loss of the static friction belt 503 and the dynamic friction belt 9 during braking is reduced by reducing the kinetic energy of the winding drum 1, and the service life of the friction belt is prolonged; the controller 7 mainly controls the direction and time of the current supplied to the damping electromagnet 402, and the ideal time point of the current supplied to the damping electromagnet 402 is when the speed of the reel 1 is reduced to zero under the blocking of the damping spring 403 or the damping spring 403 is completely compressed into the cavity.

The using method of the invention is as follows:

preferably, when the reel 1 needs emergency braking, the main electromagnet 3 is electrified, and the sliding block 401 moves along the slideway 201 under the repulsive force of the main electromagnet 3; when the damping electromagnet 402 and the damping spring 403 on the side surface of the damping electromagnet 402 are both moved out of the slide 201, the controller 7 supplies current to the damping electromagnet 402, so that the damping electromagnet 402 is repelled from the damping pressing plate 404, the damping spring 403 is driven to extend from a compressed state, the winding drum 1 drives the baffle 6 to rotate and extrude on the damping spring 403, the damping spring 403 is prompted to restore the compressed state again, then the controller 7 supplies reverse current to the damping electromagnet 402, the damping electromagnet 402 attracts the damping pressing plate 404, and the damping spring 403 is kept in the compressed state;

when the main electromagnet 3 is energized, the slider 401 pushes the static friction belt 503 to move toward the dynamic friction belt 9 under the repulsive force of the main electromagnet 3 and the elastic force of the brake spring 501, and presses the static friction belt 503 tightly against the dynamic friction belt 9, thereby exerting a braking effect by the friction force; the gas in the heat absorption box 8 absorbs the heat generated when the static friction belt 503 and the dynamic friction belt 9 rub and then expands to extrude the static friction belt 503 and the dynamic friction belt 9, so that the friction force between the static friction belt 503 and the dynamic friction belt 9 is further improved;

finally, after braking is finished, the electromagnetic valve 10 is opened, the airflow is promoted to flow in the inner cavity of the winding drum 1 during normal rotation of the winding drum 1 due to the special shape of the baffle 6, debris generated by friction of the static friction belt 503 and the dynamic friction belt 9 is blown out, air in the inner cavity of the winding drum 1 is exhausted by the baffle 6, the air quantity in the winding drum 1 is reduced, and the damage speed of the static friction belt 503 and the dynamic friction belt 9 is reduced.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a hoist engine is used in hoist and crane is pull to boats and ships, includes reel (1), the one end of reel (1) is rotated and is connected with dead lever (101), its characterized in that: the fixing rod (101) extends into an inner cavity of the winding drum (1) and is fixedly connected with an inner drum (2), a main electromagnet (3) is fixedly installed inside the inner drum (2), a plurality of slideways (201) corresponding to magnetic pole faces of the main electromagnet (3) are formed in the side face of the inner drum (2), damping mechanisms (4) are arranged at the slideways (201) at two ends of the inner drum (2), a main friction mechanism (5) is arranged at the slideway (201) in the middle of the inner drum (2), and a baffle plate (6) and a dynamic friction belt (9) corresponding to the damping mechanisms (4) and the main friction mechanism (5) are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the winding drum (1);

the damping mechanism (4) comprises a sliding block (401), a damping electromagnet (402), a damping spring (403) and a damping pressing plate (404), the sliding block (401) is connected inside the sliding rail (201) in a sliding mode, the damping electromagnet (402) is located inside the top end of the sliding block (401), a cavity located at the damping electromagnet (402) is formed in the side face of the sliding block (401), one end of the damping spring (403) is fixed to the inner wall of the cavity, one end, far away from the damping electromagnet (402), of the damping spring (403) is connected with the damping pressing plate (404), and the damping spring (403) can be completely accommodated in the cavity;

the main friction mechanism (5) comprises a brake spring (501), a brake pressure plate (502) and a static friction belt (503), the brake pressure plate (502) is located inside the slideway (201), one end, close to the main electromagnet (3), of the brake pressure plate (502) is connected to the inner wall of the slideway (201), the other end of the brake pressure plate (502) is fixedly connected with the static friction belt (503), the surface, far away from the brake pressure plate (502), of the static friction belt (503) is fixedly connected with a heat absorption box (8), and the static friction belt (503) opposite to the dynamic friction belt (9) is arranged on the outer wall of the heat absorption box (8);

the heat absorption box (8) can longitudinally stretch, gas is filled in the heat absorption box (8), the heat absorption box (8) is made of a material with high heat conductivity, and the gas in the heat absorption box (8) absorbs heat to expand so as to increase the volume of the heat absorption box (8);

the baffle (6) is in a fan blade shape, the main surface of the baffle (6) faces the direction of two ends of the winding drum (1), and the side surface of the baffle (6) can be in contact with the damping pressure plate (404).

2. The hoist as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hoist comprises: the damping mechanism (4) that two symmetric distributions are a set of, and every group damping electromagnet (402) electric connection in damping mechanism (4) has controller (7), controller (7) coupling is in the circuit of main electromagnet (3).

3. The hoist as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hoist comprises: two electromagnetic valves (10) are arranged on the outer wall of the winding drum (1), and the electromagnetic valves (10) are respectively arranged at two ends of the winding drum (1) and are distributed in a vertically staggered manner.