CN111761253B - Seamless flux-cored wire for all-position welding of austenite ultralow-temperature steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Seamless flux-cored wire for all-position welding of austenite ultralow-temperature steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111761253B CN111761253B CN202010577472.9A CN202010577472A CN111761253B CN 111761253 B CN111761253 B CN 111761253B CN 202010577472 A CN202010577472 A CN 202010577472A CN 111761253 B CN111761253 B CN 111761253B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
- B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
- B23K35/0266—Rods, electrodes, wires flux-cored
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3026—Mn as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
- B23K35/406—Filled tubular wire or rods
Abstract
The invention discloses a seamless flux-cored wire for all-position welding of austenitic ultralow-temperature steel, which consists of a low-alloy steel sheath and flux-cored powder, wherein the flux-cored powder accounts for 38% of the total weight of the seamless flux-cored wire, and the flux-cored powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50-60% of electrolytic manganese metal, 16-20% of nickel powder, 6-10% of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 1-3% of silicon carbide, 3-5% of tungsten carbide, 5-10% of quartz and the balance of pretreated mixed powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%, and the pretreated mixed powder comprises the following pretreated components in percentage by mass: 50-70% of zirconium dioxide, 17-26% of potassium carbonate, 10-20% of crystalline flake graphite, 1-2% of sodium fluoride and 1-3% of rare earth fluoride. The seamless flux-cored wire is mainly used for building LNG ships and storage tanks made of high-manganese austenitic ultralow-temperature steel, and is good in all-position welding manufacturability and excellent in low-temperature toughness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding materials, in particular to a seamless flux-cored wire for all-position welding of austenitic ultralow-temperature steel and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The annual growth rate of the market demand of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) as a novel clean energy source is above 10% in recent years, and the growth trend is continued for a long time in the future. LNG is distributed unevenly in regions, global LNG exports are mainly concentrated in countries and regions such as catal, australia, malaysia, indonesia, and the like, and a large number of special storage tanks and transport vessels are required for storage and transportation in order to meet the increasing demand of LNG markets. Since LNG is stored and transported at-163 ℃, it has extremely high requirements on materials for storage and transportation, and not only has high room temperature and low temperature strength, but also needs high low temperature toughness and good fatigue resistance, and invar alloy, austenitic stainless steel and 9Ni steel are generally used as storage materials and transportation materials of LNG in the prior art, but the comprehensive cost (material cost and processing cost) of these materials is high, and the large-scale application of the materials is limited.
The high manganese austenitic ultralow temperature steel (generally, the manganese content is more than 20 percent) has high strength, plasticity and low temperature toughness, does not contain (or contains a small amount of) expensive nickel elements, has the cost far lower than that of traditional materials such as austenitic stainless steel, 9Ni steel and the like, and is one of the most promising ultralow temperature materials in the future. At present, breakthrough progress is made in the aspect of development of high manganese austenite ultralow temperature steel plates, and part of products are applied industrially, but the development of welding materials matched with the products is relatively lagged. At present, the high manganese austenite ultralow temperature steel matched welding materials mainly focus on the categories with relatively small technical difficulty, such as welding rods, argon arc welding wires, solid gas shielded welding wires and the like, but the large-scale application of the welding materials is limited due to lower deposition efficiency or poorer manufacturability. The flux-cored wire is used as an efficient welding material, can realize automatic welding, and is widely applied in the fields of shipbuilding, engineering machinery and the like. Although some researches and patents related to high manganese steel flux-cored wires exist at present, the existing wires have a plurality of problems, wherein the biggest problem is that the all-position welding cannot be carried out (mainly the vertical and overhead welding is difficult). In order to match the composition with the existing steel plate, the manganese content in the welding material is generally higher. At high temperatures of the welding arc, the equilibrium vapor pressure of manganese is relatively high, making it very susceptible to oxidation into slag. The melting point and the high-temperature viscosity of the manganese oxide are lower, and slag is easy to fall at high temperature, so that the vertical welding and overhead welding are difficult.
At present, the related patents related to the austenitic high-manganese ultralow-temperature steel flux-cored wire which can be searched mainly include: the Chinese patent with the publication number of CN110653518A discloses a seamless flux-cored wire for high-manganese low-temperature steel of an LNG storage tank and a preparation method thereof. However, the protective gas adopts carbon dioxide, the oxidizing property of the arc atmosphere is higher, strong deoxidizing substances in the powder of the explosive core are less, the manganese is seriously oxidized during welding, and the oxidizing content of the manganese in the slag is higher, so that the all-position welding is difficult; the invention provides a metal powder core type flux-cored wire, which adopts a seamed flux-cored mode, has poor moisture absorption resistance and larger air hole sensitivity, and has less strong deoxidizing substances, so that the all-position welding is difficult to realize; the invention discloses a metal powder cored flux-cored wire for gas metal arc welding of ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel, which is disclosed by Chinese patent with publication number CN 109623199A.
In order to solve the problem, the invention develops the seamless flux-cored wire which can weld the high manganese austenite ultralow temperature steel in all positions.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the seamless flux-cored wire for all-position welding of the austenitic ultralow-temperature steel and the preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the specific scheme that:
the seamless flux-cored wire for welding the austenitic ultralow-temperature steel in all positions comprises a low-alloy steel sheath and flux-cored powder, wherein the flux-cored powder accounts for 38% of the total weight of the seamless flux-cored wire, and the flux-cored powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50-60% of electrolytic manganese metal, 16-20% of nickel powder, 6-10% of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 1-3% of silicon carbide, 3-5% of tungsten carbide, 5-10% of quartz and the balance of pretreated mixed powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%, and the pretreated mixed powder comprises the following pretreated components in percentage by mass: 50-70% of zirconium dioxide, 17-26% of potassium carbonate, 10-20% of crystalline flake graphite, 1-2% of sodium fluoride and 1-3% of rare earth fluoride.
Further, the specific treatment method for pretreating the mixed powder comprises the following steps:
(1) 50-70% of zirconium dioxide, 17-26% of potassium carbonate, 10-20% of crystalline flake graphite, 1-2% of sodium fluoride and 1-3% of rare earth fluoride are respectively weighed according to mass percentage;
(2) placing the powder weighed in the step (1) into a V-shaped mixer for mixing for 30-40 min; then adding pure potash water glass accounting for 20-25% of the total weight of the pretreated mixed powder, and mixing for 7-10 min by adopting a star-shaped mixer;
(3) placing the mixed material obtained in the step (2) on a disc granulator to prepare particles of 60-200 meshes;
(4) and (3) heating the particles obtained in the step (3) to 350 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min, and then heating to 650 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min to remove moisture, thus obtaining the pretreated mixed powder.
Further, the chemical components of the flux-cored wire deposited metal are as follows: 0.24 to 0.39wt% of C, 0.38 to 0.63wt% of Si, 17.6 to 21.2wt% of Mn, 5.6 to 7.5wt% of Ni, 0.96 to 1.61wt% of W, less than or equal to 0.005 wt% of S and less than or equal to 0.01wt% of P.
The preparation method of the seamless flux-cored wire for welding the austenitic ultralow-temperature steel in all positions comprises the following steps:
step one, preparation of pretreated mixed powder: 50-70% of zirconium dioxide, 17-26% of potassium carbonate, 10-20% of crystalline flake graphite, 1-2% of sodium fluoride and 1-3% of rare earth fluoride are respectively weighed according to mass percent, and the weighed powder is placed in a V-shaped mixer to be mixed for 30-40 min; adding pure potassium water glass accounting for 20-25% of the total weight of the pretreated mixed powder, mixing for 7-10 min by using a star mixer, then placing on a disc granulator to prepare particles of 60-200 meshes, finally heating the prepared particles to 350 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min, and then heating to 650 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min to remove water, thus obtaining the pretreated mixed powder;
step two, preparing the seamless flux-cored wire: weighing 50-60% of electrolytic manganese metal, 16-20% of nickel powder, 6-10% of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 1-3% of silicon carbide, 3-5% of tungsten carbide and 5-10% of quartz according to mass percent, uniformly mixing the pre-treated mixed powder prepared in the step one and the weighed powder in a V-shaped mixer, pressing a low-alloy steel sheath into a U shape through a forming unit, adding the flux core powder on line synchronously, closing a low-alloy steel sheath added with the flux core powder under the pressing of the forming unit to form a flux-cored wire blank with an O-shaped section, welding the flux-cored wire blank at a joint by high-frequency welding to enable a seamed pipe to be a seamless pipe, and annealing, drawing and reducing to prepare the seamless flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
The main raw materials in the invention have the following functions:
electrolyzing metal manganese: the metal is an austenite stabilizing element and is the most key element for maintaining an austenite structure and having good low-temperature toughness at room temperature and low temperature of the deposited metal. When the manganese content in the drug core powder is lower than 50%, the austenite stability at low temperature is poor, and alpha or epsilon martensite is easily generated, so that the impact energy at-196 ℃ is rapidly reduced; when the content of manganese in the flux-cored powder exceeds 60%, more manganese oxides exist in slag during welding, and the melting point and high-temperature viscosity of the slag are reduced, so that all-position welding is difficult.
Nickel powder: the nickel is an austenite stabilizing element, so that the stability of austenite at low temperature can be improved, alpha or epsilon martensite is avoided, the stacking fault energy of the deposited metal can be improved, twin crystal induced plastic deformation (TWIP effect) of the deposited metal is promoted, and the plasticity and the low-temperature toughness are improved. When the content of nickel powder in the medicine core powder is lower than 16 percent, the stability of austenite is reduced, and the impact energy of deposited metal at-196 ℃ is lower; when the nickel powder content in the flux-cored powder exceeds 20 percent, the effects of continuously improving the plasticity and the impact energy at the temperature of-196 ℃ are not great, and the cost of the welding wire is increased.
Aluminum magnesium alloy: the strong oxidant can reduce the oxidation of metal manganese, reduce the proportion of manganese oxide in slag and improve the manufacturability of vertical and overhead welding on the one hand; on the other hand, its deoxidization product Al2O3And MgO is a high-melting-point substance, so that the melting point and viscosity of the slag can be improved, and the manufacturability of vertical welding and overhead welding is further improved. When the content of the aluminum-magnesium alloy in the powder core is less than 6%, the effect of protecting the metal manganese from being oxidized is insufficient, and the vertical and overhead welding manufacturability is poor; when the content of the aluminum-magnesium alloy in the powder core is more than 10%, the splashing is increased, and the spreading of the welding line is poor.
Silicon carbide: the main functions are transition carbon and silicon. When the content of silicon carbide in the powder core is less than 1%, the content of deposited metal silicon is low, and the welding seam is poor in spreading; when the content of silicon carbide in the explosive core powder is more than 3 percent, the content of silicon in deposited metal is higher, and the hot crack sensitivity of weld metal is increased.
Tungsten carbide: the main functions are transition carbon and tungsten. The main function of tungsten is to increase the strength of the deposited metal and to reduce the susceptibility to thermal cracking. When the content of tungsten carbide in the powder core is less than 3%, the strength of deposited metal is low, and the hot crack sensitivity is high; when the content of silicon carbide in the powder core is more than 5%, the effects of continuously improving the strength of deposited metal and reducing the thermal crack sensitivity are not obvious, and the cost is increased.
Quartz: is the main slagging agent. On one hand, molten drops can be refined, and splashing can be reduced; on the other hand, the melting point and the viscosity of the slag can be adjusted, and the manufacturability of vertical welding and overhead welding is improved. When the addition amount of quartz in the powder core is less than 5%, the splashing is large, and vertical welding and overhead welding are difficult; when the addition amount of quartz in the powder of the explosive core is more than 10 percent, the non-metallic inclusions in the deposited metal are increased, and the impact energy at minus 196 ℃ is reduced.
Potassium carbonate: the main effect is to improve arc stability. When the content of potassium carbonate in the pretreated mixed powder is less than 17%, electric arc is unstable during welding, splashing is increased, and weld joint forming is poor. When the content of potassium carbonate in the pretreated mixed powder is more than 26 percent, the viscosity of the slag is low, and the manufacturability of vertical welding and overhead welding is poor.
Zirconium dioxide: the melting point is higher, and the main function is to improve the manufacturability of vertical and overhead welding. When the zirconium dioxide content in the pretreated mixed powder is less than 50%, the manufacturability of vertical welding and overhead welding is poor; when the zirconia content in the pretreated mixed powder is more than 70%, the spattering increases and the workability becomes poor.
Flake graphite: the main effect is transition carbon. Carbon is an austenite stabilizing element, which can significantly improve the strength of the deposited metal on the one hand, and can improve the impact energy of the deposited metal at-196 ℃. In the present invention, carbon is mainly transferred by silicon carbide, tungsten carbide and graphite. Because the loose packing density of graphite is relatively low and the fluidity is poor, the carbon in the deposited metal is preferably transited by silicon carbide and tungsten carbide. If the transition of the silicon carbide and the tungsten carbide can not meet the requirements, the graphite after pretreatment can be used for transition. When the content of the flake graphite in the pretreated mixed powder is less than 10 percent, the strength of deposited metal is lower, and the impact energy at minus 196 ℃ is poorer; when the content of the flake graphite in the pretreated mixed powder is more than 20%, the air hole sensitivity is increased.
Sodium fluoride: the main effect is dehydrogenation. When the content of sodium fluoride in the pretreated mixed powder is less than 1%, the dehydrogenation effect is insufficient, and the metal pore sensitivity of the welding seam is high; when the sodium fluoride content in the pre-treated mixed powder is more than 2%, the spattering increases.
Rare earth fluoride: the main functions are to improve the low-temperature toughness of deposited metal and reduce the sensitivity of thermal cracking. When the content of rare earth fluoride in the pretreated mixed powder is less than 1 percent, the impact energy of deposited metal at the temperature of-196 ℃ is lower, and the thermal cracking sensitivity is higher. When the content of rare earth fluoride in the pretreated mixed powder is more than 3 percent, the impact energy of the deposited metal at the temperature of-196 ℃ is continuously improved, the effect of reducing the thermal crack sensitivity is not obvious, and the cost is increased.
It should be noted that the bulk density of the powder to be pretreated is relatively low, and the flowability is relatively poor, and the purpose of the pretreatment is to increase the bulk density. The flux-cored wire powder is controlled to be 60-200 meshes, the particle size of the flux-cored powder is smaller than 60 meshes, so that the flux-cored powder is not uniform, the particle size of the flux-cored powder is larger than 200 meshes, so that the flowability of the flux-cored powder is poor, the loose density is too small, and the required core powder is not uniform.
Has the advantages that:
1. according to the invention, part of powder is pretreated, (1) the loose packing density of the medicine core powder can be improved, and the phenomenon of powder overflow caused by high filling rate is avoided; (2) the fluidity of the medicine core powder is improved, the layering of each component of the medicine core powder caused by large density difference is reduced, and the uniformity of the medicine core powder is improved; (3) the fluidity of the medicine core powder is increased when the diameter is reduced by drawing, the caking of the medicine core powder is reduced, and the probability of yarn breakage is reduced.
2. The seamless flux-cored wire prepared by the invention (1) has stable electric arc and easy slag removal, and can be used for all-position welding of an LNG ship or a storage tank which takes high-manganese austenitic ultralow-temperature steel as a material; (2) the moisture absorption resistance is good, and the air hole sensitivity is low; (3) the deposited metal has moderate strength and larger margin of impact energy at-196 ℃.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the scope of the present invention.
The seamless flux-cored wire for welding the austenitic ultralow-temperature steel in all positions comprises a low-alloy steel sheath and flux-cored powder, wherein the flux-cored powder accounts for 38% of the total weight of the seamless flux-cored wire, and the flux-cored powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50-60% of electrolytic manganese metal, 16-20% of nickel powder, 6-10% of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 1-3% of silicon carbide, 3-5% of tungsten carbide, 5-10% of quartz and the balance of pretreated mixed powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%, and the pretreated mixed powder comprises the following pretreated components in percentage by mass: 50-70% of zirconium dioxide, 17-26% of potassium carbonate, 10-20% of crystalline flake graphite, 1-2% of sodium fluoride and 1-3% of rare earth fluoride.
In detail, the specific treatment method for pretreating the mixed powder comprises the following steps:
(1) 50-70% of zirconium dioxide, 17-26% of potassium carbonate, 10-20% of crystalline flake graphite, 1-2% of sodium fluoride and 1-3% of rare earth fluoride are respectively weighed according to mass percentage;
(2) placing the powder weighed in the step (1) into a V-shaped mixer for mixing for 30-40 min; then adding pure potash water glass accounting for 20-25% of the total weight of the pretreated mixed powder, and mixing for 7-10 min by adopting a star-shaped mixer;
(3) placing the mixed material obtained in the step (2) on a disc granulator to prepare particles of 60-200 meshes;
(4) and (3) heating the particles obtained in the step (3) to 350 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min, and then heating to 650 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min to remove moisture, thus obtaining the pretreated mixed powder.
Further, the chemical components of the flux-cored wire deposited metal are as follows: 0.24 to 0.39wt% of C, 0.38 to 0.63wt% of Si, 17.6 to 21.2wt% of Mn, 5.6 to 7.5wt% of Ni, 0.96 to 1.61wt% of W, less than or equal to 0.005 wt% of S and less than or equal to 0.01wt% of P.
The preparation method of the seamless flux-cored wire for welding the austenitic ultralow-temperature steel in all positions comprises the following steps:
step one, preparation of pretreated mixed powder: 50-70% of zirconium dioxide, 17-26% of potassium carbonate, 10-20% of crystalline flake graphite, 1-2% of sodium fluoride and 1-3% of rare earth fluoride are respectively weighed according to mass percent, and the weighed powder is placed in a V-shaped mixer to be mixed for 30-40 min; adding pure potassium water glass accounting for 20-25% of the total weight of the pretreated mixed powder, mixing for 7-10 min by using a star mixer, then placing on a disc granulator to prepare particles of 60-200 meshes, finally heating the prepared particles to 350 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min, and then heating to 650 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min to remove water, thus obtaining the pretreated mixed powder;
step two, preparing the seamless flux-cored wire: weighing 50-60% of electrolytic manganese metal, 16-20% of nickel powder, 6-10% of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 1-3% of silicon carbide, 3-5% of tungsten carbide and 5-10% of quartz according to mass percent, uniformly mixing the pre-treated mixed powder prepared in the step one and the weighed powder in a V-shaped mixer, pressing a low-alloy steel sheath into a U shape through a forming unit, adding the flux core powder on line synchronously, closing a low-alloy steel sheath added with the flux core powder under the pressing of the forming unit to form a flux-cored wire blank with an O-shaped section, welding the flux-cored wire blank at a joint by high-frequency welding to enable a seamed pipe to be a seamless pipe, and annealing, drawing and reducing to prepare the seamless flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
Example 1
The seamless flux-cored wire for welding the austenitic ultralow-temperature steel in all positions comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50% of electrolytic manganese metal, 20% of nickel powder, 10% of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 3% of silicon carbide, 3% of tungsten carbide, 10% of quartz and 4% of pretreated mixed powder (wherein the proportion of each component is 50% of zirconium dioxide, 26% of potassium carbonate, 20% of flake graphite, 1% of sodium fluoride and 3% of rare earth fluoride).
The preparation method of the seamless flux-cored wire comprises the following steps:
step one, preparation of pretreated mixed powder: weighing 50% of zirconium dioxide, 26% of potassium carbonate, 20% of flake graphite, 1% of sodium fluoride and 3% of rare earth fluoride, and mixing the weighed powder in a V-shaped mixer for 35 min; then adding pure potash water glass accounting for 23% of the total weight of the weighed powder, and mixing for 8min by adopting a star-shaped mixer; then placing the mixture on a disc granulator to prepare particles of 60-200 meshes; finally, heating the prepared particles to 350 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min, and then heating to 650 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min to remove moisture, thus obtaining pretreated mixed powder;
step two, preparing the seamless flux-cored wire: weighing 50% of electrolytic manganese metal, 20% of nickel powder, 10% of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 3% of silicon carbide, 3% of tungsten carbide and 10% of quartz, uniformly mixing the pretreated mixed powder prepared in the step one and the weighed powder in a V-shaped mixer, pressing a low-alloy steel sheath into a U shape through a forming unit, synchronously adding the flux-cored powder on line, closing the opening of the low-alloy steel sheath with the added flux-cored powder under the pressing of the forming unit to form a flux-cored wire blank with an O-shaped section, welding the seam-welded tube at the closing opening by adopting high-frequency welding to form a seamless tube, and annealing, drawing and reducing to prepare the seamless flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
Example 2
The seamless flux-cored wire for welding the austenitic ultralow-temperature steel in all positions comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55% of electrolytic manganese metal, 18% of nickel powder, 8% of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 2% of silicon carbide, 4% of tungsten carbide, 7% of quartz and 6% of pretreated mixed powder (wherein the proportion of each component is 60% of zirconium dioxide, 21.5% of potassium carbonate, 15% of flake graphite, 1.5% of sodium fluoride and 2% of rare earth fluoride).
The preparation method of the seamless flux-cored wire comprises the following steps:
step one, preparation of pretreated mixed powder: weighing 60% of zirconium dioxide, 21.5% of potassium carbonate, 15% of flake graphite, 1.5% of sodium fluoride and 2% of rare earth fluoride according to mass percentage, and mixing the weighed powder in a V-shaped mixer for 35 min; then adding pure potash water glass accounting for 23 percent of the total weight of the pretreated mixed powder, and mixing for 8min by adopting a star-shaped mixer; then placing the mixture on a disc granulator to prepare particles of 60-200 meshes; finally, heating the prepared particles to 350 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min, and then heating to 650 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min to remove moisture, thus obtaining pretreated mixed powder;
step two, preparing the seamless flux-cored wire: weighing 55% of electrolytic metal manganese, 18% of nickel powder, 8% of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 2% of silicon carbide, 4% of tungsten carbide and 7% of quartz, uniformly mixing the pretreated mixed powder prepared in the step one and the weighed powder in a V-shaped mixer, pressing a low-alloy steel sheath into a U shape through a forming unit, synchronously adding the flux-cored powder on line, closing the opening of the low-alloy steel sheath with the added flux-cored powder under the pressing of the forming unit to form a flux-cored wire blank with an O-shaped section, welding the seam-welded tube at the closing opening by adopting high-frequency welding to form a seamless tube, and annealing, drawing and reducing to prepare the seamless flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
Example 3
The seamless flux-cored wire for welding the austenitic ultralow-temperature steel in all positions comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60% of electrolytic manganese metal, 16% of nickel powder, 6% of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 1% of silicon carbide, 5% of tungsten carbide, 5% of quartz and 7% of pretreated mixed powder (wherein the proportion of each component is 70% of zirconium dioxide, 17% of potassium carbonate, 10% of flake graphite, 2% of sodium fluoride and 1% of rare earth fluoride).
The preparation method of the seamless flux-cored wire comprises the following steps:
step one, preparation of pretreated mixed powder: weighing 70% of zirconium dioxide, 17% of potassium carbonate, 10% of flake graphite, 2% of sodium fluoride and 1% of rare earth fluoride, and mixing the weighed powder in a V-shaped mixer for 35 min; then adding pure potash water glass accounting for 23% of the total weight of the weighed powder, and mixing for 8min by adopting a star-shaped mixer; then placing the mixture on a disc granulator to prepare particles of 60-200 meshes; finally, heating the prepared particles to 350 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min, and then heating to 650 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min to remove moisture, thus obtaining pretreated mixed powder;
step two, preparing the seamless flux-cored wire: weighing 60% of electrolytic metal manganese, 16% of nickel powder, 6% of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 1% of silicon carbide, 5% of tungsten carbide and 5% of quartz, uniformly mixing the pretreated mixed powder prepared in the step one and the weighed powder in a V-shaped mixer, pressing a low-alloy steel sheath into a U shape through a forming unit, synchronously adding the flux-cored powder on line, closing the opening of the low-alloy steel sheath with the added flux-cored powder under the pressing of the forming unit to form a flux-cored wire blank with an O-shaped section, welding the seam-welded tube at the closing opening by adopting high-frequency welding to form a seamless tube, and annealing, drawing and reducing to prepare the seamless flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
Comparative example
The seamless flux-cored wire for welding the austenitic ultralow-temperature steel in all positions comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50% of electrolytic manganese metal, 20% of nickel powder, 10% of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 3% of silicon carbide, 3% of tungsten carbide, 10% of quartz and 4% of mixed powder (wherein the proportion of each component is 50% of zirconium dioxide, 26% of potassium carbonate, 20% of flake graphite, 1% of sodium fluoride and 3% of rare earth fluoride).
The preparation method of the seamless flux-cored wire comprises the following steps:
weighing 50% of zirconium dioxide, 26% of potassium carbonate, 20% of flake graphite, 1% of sodium fluoride and 3% of rare earth fluoride, and mixing the weighed powder in a V-shaped mixer for 35 min;
step two, preparing the seamless flux-cored wire: weighing 50% of electrolytic manganese metal, 20% of nickel powder, 10% of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 3% of silicon carbide, 3% of tungsten carbide and 10% of quartz, placing the mixed powder obtained in the step one and the weighed powder in a V-shaped mixer for uniform mixing, pressing a low-alloy steel sheath into a U shape through a forming unit, and synchronously adding the powder of the medicine core on line. Because the difference between the apparent density and the fluidity of the components of the flux-cored powder is overlarge, the flux-cored powder is found to be seriously layered (the flux-cored powder is not uniform) in the process of adding the flux-cored powder, and the preparation of the welding wire fails.
Effects of the embodiment
The seamless flux-cored wire prepared in the embodiment 1-3 is subjected to all-position welding process and deposition test plate welding, wherein the deposition test plate welding process comprises the following steps: the welding power supply is in direct reverse connection, the welding current is 220-260A, the welding voltage is 30-32V, and the protective gas is mixed gas (20% by volume of carbon dioxide and 80% by volume of argon). The chemical composition and mechanical properties of the deposited metal are shown in tables 1 and 2, respectively.
TABLE 1 deposited Metal chemistry (wt%) of seamless flux cored wire prepared in examples 1-3
TABLE 2 deposited metal mechanical properties of the prepared seamless flux-cored wire
| Rp0.2/MPa | Rm/MPa | A/％ | -196℃KV2/J | |
| Example 1 | 472 | 730 | 45 | 76、72、79 |
| Example 2 | 440 | 733 | 53 | 78、76、72 |
| Example 3 | 419 | 685 | 49 | 71、73、75 |
| Technical requirements | ≥400 | ≥660 | ≥30 | ≥41 |
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the deposited metal chemical composition and mechanical properties of the seamless flux-cored wires prepared in examples 1 to 3 both meet the requirements of the seamless flux-cored wires.
The all-position welding was performed under the same conditions using the welding wires prepared in examples 1 to 3, and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 weldability of all-position welding using the welding wires prepared in examples 1 to 3 under the same conditions
As can be seen from Table 3, when the seamless flux-cored wire prepared in examples 1 to 3 is used for the flat welding, the vertical welding and the overhead welding, the weld joint is well formed, the strength meets the requirements, the slag is easy to remove, and the requirements of all-position welding are met.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The seamless flux-cored wire for welding the austenite ultralow-temperature steel in all positions is characterized in that: the seamless flux-cored wire consists of a low alloy steel sheath and flux-cored powder, wherein the flux-cored powder accounts for 38% of the total weight of the seamless flux-cored wire, and the flux-cored powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50-60% of electrolytic manganese metal, 16-20% of nickel powder, 6-10% of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 1-3% of silicon carbide, 3-5% of tungsten carbide, 5-10% of quartz and the balance of pretreated mixed powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%;
the pretreatment mixed powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50-70% of zirconium dioxide, 17-26% of potassium carbonate, 10-20% of crystalline flake graphite, 1-2% of sodium fluoride and 1-3% of rare earth fluoride.
2. The seamless flux-cored wire for all-position welding of austenitic ultra-low temperature steel according to claim 1, wherein: the specific treatment method for pretreating the mixed powder comprises the following steps:
(1) 50-70% of zirconium dioxide, 17-26% of potassium carbonate, 10-20% of crystalline flake graphite, 1-2% of sodium fluoride and 1-3% of rare earth fluoride are respectively weighed according to mass percentage;
(2) placing the powder weighed in the step (1) into a V-shaped mixer for mixing for 30-40 min; then adding pure potash water glass accounting for 20-25% of the total weight of the pretreated mixed powder, and mixing for 7-10 min by adopting a star-shaped mixer;
(3) placing the mixed material obtained in the step (2) on a disc granulator to prepare particles of 60-200 meshes;
(4) and (3) heating the particles obtained in the step (3) to 350 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min, and then heating to 650 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min to remove moisture, thus obtaining the pretreated mixed powder.
3. The seamless flux-cored wire for all-position welding of austenitic ultra-low temperature steel according to claim 1, wherein: the seamless flux-cored wire deposited metal comprises the following chemical components: 0.24 to 0.39wt% of C, 0.38 to 0.63wt% of Si, 17.6 to 21.2wt% of Mn, 5.6 to 7.5wt% of Ni, 0.96 to 1.61wt% of W, less than or equal to 0.005 wt% of S and less than or equal to 0.01wt% of P.
4. The preparation method of the seamless flux-cored wire for welding the austenitic ultralow-temperature steel in all positions is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, preparation of pretreated mixed powder: 50-70% of zirconium dioxide, 17-26% of potassium carbonate, 10-20% of crystalline flake graphite, 1-2% of sodium fluoride and 1-3% of rare earth fluoride are respectively weighed according to mass percent, and the weighed powder is placed in a V-shaped mixer to be mixed for 30-40 min; adding pure potassium water glass accounting for 20-25% of the total weight of the pretreated mixed powder, mixing for 7-10 min by using a star mixer, then placing on a disc granulator to prepare particles of 60-200 meshes, finally heating the prepared particles to 350 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min, and then heating to 650 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min to remove water, thus obtaining the pretreated mixed powder;
step two, preparing the seamless flux-cored wire: weighing 50-60% of electrolytic manganese metal, 16-20% of nickel powder, 6-10% of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 1-3% of silicon carbide, 3-5% of tungsten carbide and 5-10% of quartz according to mass percent, uniformly mixing the pre-treated mixed powder prepared in the step one and the weighed powder in a V-shaped mixer, pressing a low-alloy steel sheath into a U shape through a forming unit, adding the flux core powder on line synchronously, closing a low-alloy steel sheath added with the flux core powder under the pressing of the forming unit to form a flux-cored wire blank with an O-shaped section, welding the flux-cored wire blank at a joint by high-frequency welding to enable a seamed pipe to be a seamless pipe, and annealing, drawing and reducing to prepare the seamless flux-cored wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
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