CN111760478B - Opposite-impact foam generating device and foam generating method - Google Patents
Opposite-impact foam generating device and foam generating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111760478B CN111760478B CN202010721566.9A CN202010721566A CN111760478B CN 111760478 B CN111760478 B CN 111760478B CN 202010721566 A CN202010721566 A CN 202010721566A CN 111760478 B CN111760478 B CN 111760478B
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 225
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/235—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids for making foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/30—Injector mixers
- B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
- B01F25/311—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows for mixing more than two components; Devices specially adapted for generating foam
- B01F25/3111—Devices specially adapted for generating foam, e.g. air foam
- B01F25/31112—Devices specially adapted for generating foam, e.g. air foam with additional mixing means other than injector mixers, e.g. screen or baffles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a butt-punching foam generating device and a foam generating method, wherein the butt-punching foam generating device comprises a butt-punching pipe (1), a collecting pipe (2), a staggered punching pipe (5), a screen hole pipe (7) and a normal punching pipe (10), wherein the pipe wall of the butt-punching pipe (1) is in through connection with the input end of the collecting pipe (2), the two axial ends of the butt-punching pipe (1) are respectively a nitrogen injection port and a foaming agent injection port, the output end of the collecting pipe (2) is connected with the input end of the staggered punching pipe (5), the output end of the staggered punching pipe (5) is connected with the input end of the screen hole pipe (7), the output end of the screen hole pipe (7) is connected with the input end of the normal punching pipe (10), the staggered punching pipe (5) and the normal punching pipe (10) are of two-stage radial butt-punching structures, the hole axes of two radial butt-punching holes of the staggered punching pipe (5) are staggered, and the hole axes of the two radial butt-punching holes of the normal punching pipe (10) are overlapped.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas well yield increase and transformation, in particular relates to a foam generating device for oil well nitrogen foam water shutoff and yield increase, and particularly relates to a hedging foam generating device and a foam generating method.
Background
The foam is widely applied in the field of oil and gas well development, and can be used for low-pressure drilling, fracturing drainage assistance, energy increasing oil displacement, water shutoff profile control and the like. The application effect of the foam is mainly dependent on the foam quality, i.e. the abundance and stability of the foam. The abundance and stability of the foam depends on the one hand on the quality of the blowing agent and on the other hand on the foaming function of the foam generating device. The existing foam generators mainly comprise spiral (impeller), curved path (winding plate), screen mesh (sieve mesh) and other types, and the structures are combined with venturi tubes. The foaming principle is that the gas is fully mixed with the foaming agent, and abundant and stable foam is generated under the action of severe collision turbulence. Thus, the primary function that the foam generating device needs to achieve is to increase the degree of mixing uniformity and turbulence disturbance as much as possible. Through finite element simulation, the existing spiral (impeller), curved road (winding plate), screen mesh (sieve mesh) and other structures, when the gas-liquid two-phase fluid advances along the spiral (impeller), curved road (winding plate), screen mesh (sieve mesh) and other runners, the gas-liquid two-phase fluid basically advances in parallel, and the effects of mutual staggering and turbulent flow are not obvious. Although cavitation and turbulence effects of the venturi tube are obvious, only single-beam fluid turbulence is adopted, blending and turbulence effects are insufficient, in addition, the venturi tube is the only fluid channel, flow resistance is large, and mixing displacement cannot meet requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a hedging type foam generating device and a foam generating method, which overcome the defects in the prior art 1: the existing spiral (impeller), curved path (winding plate), screen mesh and other structures, when the gas-liquid two-phase fluid advances along the spiral (impeller), curved path (winding plate), screen mesh and other channels, the gas-liquid two-phase fluid advances basically in parallel, and the effects of mutual staggering and turbulence are not obvious; 2: although the cavitation and turbulence effects of the venturi tube are obvious, the venturi tube is only used for turbulence of a single fluid, and the mixing and turbulence effects are insufficient; 3: the venturi throat is the only fluid passage, the flow resistance is very large, and the mixing displacement can not meet the requirements.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a formula foam generating device of hedging, includes to going into pipe, manifold, wrong wash pipe, screen hole pipe and positive wash pipe, to going into the input through connection of pipe wall and manifold, be nitrogen gas filling opening and foaming agent filling opening respectively to going into pipe axial both ends, the input of wrong wash pipe is connected to the output of manifold, and the input of screen hole pipe is connected to the output of wrong wash pipe, and the input of positive wash pipe is connected to the output of screen hole pipe, wrong wash pipe and positive wash pipe are two-stage radial structure of punching a hole in opposite directions, and the two radial relative hole axes coincidence of punching a hole in opposite directions of positive wash pipe are staggered to the hole axis of punching a hole in opposite directions of two radial relative pairs of wrong wash pipe.
Preferably, the pipe wall at the middle position in the axial direction of the inlet pipe is vertically welded and communicated with the input end of the collecting pipe, the nitrogen injection port at one axial end part of the inlet pipe is connected with the nitrogen pump truck through a pipeline, and the foaming agent injection port at the other axial end part of the inlet pipe is connected with the foaming agent pump truck through a pipeline.
Preferably, the collecting pipe is formed by connecting two sections of cylindrical pipes in a penetrating manner, an inner thread is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical pipe, close to one side of the staggered flushing pipe, of the collecting pipe, the collecting pipe is connected with the staggered flushing pipe through the inner thread, and a sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the collecting pipe and the staggered flushing pipe.
Preferably, the staggered punching pipe is formed by connecting four staggered punching cylindrical pipes in a penetrating manner, the four staggered punching cylindrical pipes are sequentially a first staggered punching cylindrical pipe, a second staggered punching cylindrical pipe, a third staggered punching cylindrical pipe and a fourth staggered punching cylindrical pipe from left to right, the diameters of the staggered punching cylindrical pipes gradually increase along with the direction away from the collecting pipe, the first staggered punching cylindrical pipe is close to one end face of the collecting pipe and is not communicated with the fourth staggered punching cylindrical pipe, the first staggered punching cylindrical pipe is far away from the collecting pipe, a plurality of first staggered punching holes are distributed in the radial direction of the first staggered punching cylindrical pipe, the second staggered punching cylindrical pipe is communicated with the third staggered punching cylindrical pipe, a plurality of second staggered punching holes are distributed in the radial direction of the second staggered punching cylindrical pipe, the outer wall of the third staggered punching cylindrical pipe is provided with external threads, the external threads of the outer wall of the third staggered punching cylindrical pipe are matched with the internal threads of the collecting pipe, the first staggered punching cylindrical pipe is close to one end face of the fourth staggered punching cylindrical pipe, the first staggered punching cylindrical pipe is communicated with the second staggered punching cylindrical pipe, the first staggered punching cylindrical pipe is close to one side of the inner diameter of the staggered punching cylindrical pipe, the first staggered punching hole is connected with the inner diameter of the staggered punching cylindrical pipe is close to one side of the staggered punching cylindrical pipe, and the inner diameter of the staggered punching hole is connected with the inner diameter of the staggered punching cylindrical pipe is arranged on one side of the staggered punching pipe is close to the inner diameter of the staggered punching pipe.
Preferably, the number of holes of the first-stage staggered punching is even, the even number of the first-stage staggered punching is radially arranged along the circumference of the first-stage staggered punching cylindrical pipe, the hole axes of each group of radially opposite first-stage staggered punching are oppositely offset by the distance of each half hole diameter, the number of holes of the second-stage staggered punching is even, the even number of the second-stage staggered punching is radially arranged along the circumference of the second-stage staggered punching cylindrical pipe, the hole axes of each group of radially opposite second-stage staggered punching are oppositely offset by the distance of each half hole diameter, the hole diameter of the second-stage staggered punching is larger than the hole diameter of the first-stage staggered punching, and the first-stage staggered punching and the second-stage staggered punching are radially arranged in a step and are staggered in phase in the circumferential direction.
Preferably, the screen hole pipe is formed by two sections of cylinder pipe through connection, and the cylinder pipe diameter that the screen hole pipe is close to wrong wash pipe one side is little and the outer wall is equipped with the external screw thread, and the external screw thread of screen hole pipe is equipped with a plurality of sieve pores with the internal screw thread looks adaptation of wrong wash pipe, and the cylinder pipe end face that the screen hole pipe is close to wrong wash pipe one side, and the axial setting of sieve pore pipe is followed to the sieve pore, the cylinder pipe diameter that the screen hole pipe was kept away from wrong wash pipe one side is big, and the cylinder pipe inner wall that the screen hole pipe is close to positive wash pipe one side is equipped with the internal screw thread, and the screen hole pipe passes through the internal screw thread and is connected with positive wash pipe, and screen hole pipe and positive wash pipe junction are equipped with the sealing washer.
Preferably, the positive punching pipe is formed by connecting four sections of positive punching cylindrical pipes in a penetrating manner, the four sections of positive punching cylindrical pipes are sequentially a first section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, a second section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, a third section of positive punching cylindrical pipe and a fourth section of positive punching cylindrical pipe from left to right, along with the direction away from the sieve pore pipe, the outer diameters of the first section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, the second section of positive punching cylindrical pipe and the third section of positive punching cylindrical pipe are gradually increased, one end face of the first section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, close to the sieve pore pipe, of the first section of positive punching cylindrical pipe is not communicated with the second section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, a plurality of first-stage positive punching cylindrical pipes are radially distributed on the first section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, the second section of positive punching cylindrical pipe is communicated with the third section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, along with the same inner diameter, the outer diameter of the third section of positive punching cylindrical pipe is gradually increased, along with the inner diameter of the fourth section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, along with the direction of the inner diameter of the fourth section of positive punching cylindrical pipe is gradually reduced, and along with the inner diameter of the fourth section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, along with the inner diameter of the fourth section of positive punching cylindrical pipe is gradually increased.
Preferably, the number of holes of the first-stage positive punching holes is even, even number of first-stage positive punching holes are radially arranged along the circumference of the first-stage positive punching cylindrical pipe, the hole axes of each group of radially opposite first-stage positive punching holes are overlapped, the number of holes of the second-stage positive punching holes is even, even number of second-stage positive punching holes are radially arranged along the circumference of the second-stage positive punching cylindrical pipe, the hole axes of each group of radially opposite second-stage positive punching holes are overlapped, the hole diameter of the second-stage positive punching holes is larger than that of the first-stage positive punching holes, and the first-stage positive punching holes and the second-stage positive punching holes are radially distributed in a step mode and are staggered in phase in the circumferential direction.
Preferably, a foam generating method of the opposite-impact foam generating device as described above includes the steps of:
step 1), respectively connecting a nitrogen injection port and a foaming agent injection port at two ends of an opposite pipe with a nitrogen pump truck and a foaming agent pump truck, respectively carrying out opposite flushing pumping on gas and liquid phases from two ends of the opposite pipe, and entering a collecting pipe after preliminary collision mixing;
step 2), the gas-liquid mixed fluid entering the collecting pipe flows to the staggered flushing pipe, and the gas-liquid mixed fluid outside the staggered flushing pipe is radially opposite punched through primary staggered punching and secondary staggered punching to generate a primary dispersion crushing effect and a circumferential rotational flow stirring effect;
step 3) then the gas-liquid mixed fluid flows to a screen hole pipe through a staggered flushing pipe, and the gas-liquid mixed fluid passes through the screen holes of the screen hole pipe to generate a secondary dispersion crushing effect;
step 4), flowing the gas-liquid mixed fluid after the secondary dispersion crushing effect to a positive flushing pipe, and carrying out radial opposite flushing on the gas-liquid mixed fluid outside the positive flushing pipe through a primary positive flushing hole and a secondary positive flushing hole to generate a tertiary dispersion crushing effect;
and 5) after the three dispersion and crushing actions, the gas-liquid mixed fluid forms foam, and the foam is injected into the oil-gas well shaft through the outlet of the forward flushing pipe to perform foam injection operation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) Compared with the traditional spiral (impeller), curved road (winding plate), screen mesh (sieve mesh) and other structures, the invention is provided with two opposite punching holes (staggered punching holes and positive punching holes), which generate symmetrical and uniform radial high-speed collision, have high mixing uniformity degree and strong collision crushing effect, collide with fluid and have small damage to the pipe body; compared with a Venturi tube, the invention has the advantages of small flow resistance, large adaptive displacement and better blending and turbulent flow effects;
(2) According to the invention, the staggered punching pipe and the positive punching pipe are of two-stage opposite punching structures, the two-stage opposite punching structures are distributed in a radial direction in a step manner and are staggered in a circumferential direction, so that the density field, the speed field and the stress field of fluid flowing in from the outer side and flowing out from the inner side are more balanced, and the blending and turbulent flow effects are better;
(3) According to the invention, the two hole axes of each group of radially opposite primary staggered punching holes or secondary staggered punching holes of the staggered punching pipe are staggered by a distance of half a hole diameter, so that the whole staggered punching pipe has a cyclone effect, and the circumferential mixing effect is improved; according to the invention, the axes of two holes of each group of radially opposite primary positive punching holes or secondary positive punching holes are coincident, so that the impact crushing effect is stronger, and the uniform mixing and turbulent cavitation effects are better;
(4) The staggered flushing pipe is mainly uniformly mixed, the positive flushing pipe is mainly crashed by collision, the uniform mixing function is firstly realized according to the mixing turbulence target of the foam generating device, then the powerful crashing function is realized, and the staggered flushing pipe is arranged in front of the positive flushing pipe, so that the mixing turbulence effect is better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hedging foam generating device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a staggered primary punch of a counter-impact foam generating device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a two-stage offset punch of an offset foam generating apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a screen hole pipe of a hedging foam generating apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a primary positive punch of a counter-impact foam generating device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a secondary positive punch of a counter-punch foam generating apparatus of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1-of a pair of inlet pipes, 2-of a collecting pipe, 3-of a first-stage staggered punching, 4-of a second-stage staggered punching, 5-of a staggered punching pipe, 6-of a sieve mesh, 7-of a sieve pore pipe, 8-of a first-stage positive punching, 9-of a second-stage positive punching, 10-of a positive punching pipe and 11-of a sealing ring.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to examples:
it should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes and the like illustrated in the present specification are used for being understood and read by those skilled in the art in combination with the disclosure of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the applicable limitations of the present invention, and any structural modifications, proportional changes or size adjustments should still fall within the scope of the disclosure of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and achievement of the present invention.
Also, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "a" and the like recited in the present specification are merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but are intended to provide relative positional changes or modifications without materially altering the technical context in which the invention may be practiced.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses a hedging foam generating device, which comprises a hedging pipe 1, a collecting pipe 2, a staggered punching pipe 5, a screen hole pipe 7 and a positive punching pipe 10, wherein the pipe wall of the hedging pipe 1 is in through connection with the input end of the collecting pipe 2, the two axial ends of the hedging pipe 1 are respectively provided with a nitrogen injection port and a foaming agent injection port, the output end of the collecting pipe 2 is connected with the input end of the staggered punching pipe 5, the output end of the staggered punching pipe 5 is connected with the input end of the screen hole pipe 7, the output end of the screen hole pipe 7 is connected with the input end of the positive punching pipe 10, the staggered punching pipe 5 and the positive punching pipe 10 are in two-stage radial hedging structures, the two radial opposite punching hole axes of the staggered punching pipe 5 are staggered, and the two radial opposite punching hole axes of the positive punching pipe 10 are coincident.
Example 2
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the pipe wall at the middle position in the axial direction of the inlet pipe 1 is vertically welded and penetrated with the input end of the collecting pipe 2, the nitrogen injection port at one axial end of the inlet pipe 1 is connected with the nitrogen pump truck through a pipeline, and the foaming agent injection port at the other axial end of the inlet pipe 1 is connected with the foaming agent pump truck through a pipeline.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the collecting pipe 2 is formed by connecting two sections of cylindrical pipes in a penetrating manner, an inner thread is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical pipe on one side, close to the staggered flushing pipe 5, of the collecting pipe 2, the collecting pipe 2 is connected with the staggered flushing pipe 5 through the inner thread, and a sealing ring 11 is arranged at the joint of the collecting pipe 2 and the staggered flushing pipe 5.
Example 3
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the offset tube 5 is formed by connecting four sections of offset cylindrical tubes in a penetrating manner, the four sections of offset cylindrical tubes are sequentially a first section of offset cylindrical tube, a second section of offset cylindrical tube, a third section of offset cylindrical tube and a fourth section of offset cylindrical tube from left to right, the diameters of the offset cylindrical tubes gradually increase along with the direction away from the collecting tube 2, one end surface of the first section of offset cylindrical tube, which is close to the collecting tube 2, is not penetrated, one end surface of the first section of offset cylindrical tube, which is far from the collecting tube 2, is penetrated with the second section of offset cylindrical tube, a plurality of first-stage offset punched holes 3 are radially distributed on the first section of offset cylindrical tube, the second section of offset cylindrical tube is penetrated with the third section of offset cylindrical tube, the second section is wrong towards cylinder pipe radial distribution and is had a plurality of second grade to be wrong towards 4, the third section is wrong towards cylinder pipe outer wall and is equipped with the external screw thread, and the external screw thread of third section is wrong towards cylinder pipe outer wall and the internal screw thread looks adaptation of collecting pipe 2, the third section is wrong towards cylinder pipe and is link up with the fourth section, and the internal diameter and the external diameter of fourth section is wrong towards cylinder pipe and is close to the same with collecting pipe 2 and is close to the internal diameter and the external diameter of wrong towards cylinder pipe of wrong pipe 5 one side respectively, and the fourth section is wrong towards cylinder pipe and is close to the inner wall of one side of sieve pore pipe 7 and be equipped with the internal screw thread, and the fourth section is wrong towards cylinder pipe of wrong pipe 5 and is connected with sieve pore pipe 7 through the internal screw thread, and is wrong towards pipe 5 and sieve pore pipe 7 junction and is equipped with sealing washer 11.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the number of holes of the primary staggered punched holes 3 is even, the even number of the primary staggered punched holes 3 are radially arranged along the circumference of the first section staggered punched cylindrical pipe, the hole axes of each group of radially opposite primary staggered punched holes 3 are oppositely offset by a distance of half of a hole diameter, the number of holes of the secondary staggered punched holes 4 is even, the even number of the secondary staggered punched holes 4 are radially arranged along the circumference of the second section staggered punched cylindrical pipe, the hole axes of each group of radially opposite secondary staggered punched holes 4 are oppositely offset by a distance of half of a hole diameter, the hole diameter of the secondary staggered punched holes 4 is larger than the hole diameter of the primary staggered punched holes 3, and the primary staggered punched holes 3 and the secondary staggered punched holes 4 are radially distributed in a step manner and are staggered in a circumferential direction.
The axes of the two holes of each group of radial opposite staggered holes are staggered for a certain distance, when the gas-liquid mixed fluid passes through the primary staggered hole 3 and the secondary staggered hole 4, radial opposite flushing is carried out, a primary dispersion crushing effect is generated, a rotational flow stirring effect is generated, the circumferential stirring effect is improved, and the uniform mixing and turbulent cavitation effects are achieved.
When the pressure behind the foam generating device is high, the liquid mixed fluid can flow out from the secondary staggered punched holes 4, so that the fluid density field, the speed field and the pressure field are more balanced, and the mixing and turbulence effects are better.
Example 4
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the screen hole pipe 7 is formed by connecting two sections of cylindrical pipes in a penetrating manner, the diameter of the cylindrical pipe on the side, close to the staggered flushing pipe 5, of the screen hole pipe 7 is small, the outer wall of the screen hole pipe 7 is provided with external threads, the external threads of the screen hole pipe 7 are matched with the internal threads of the staggered flushing pipe 5, the end face, close to the staggered flushing pipe 5, of the cylindrical pipe 7 is provided with a plurality of screen holes 6, the diameter of the cylindrical pipe on the side, far from the staggered flushing pipe 5, of the screen hole pipe 7 is large, the inner wall, close to the positive flushing pipe 10, of the cylindrical pipe 7 is provided with internal threads, the screen hole pipe 7 is connected with the positive flushing pipe 10 through the internal threads, and a sealing ring 11 is arranged at the joint of the screen hole pipe 7 and the positive flushing pipe 10.
Example 5
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the positive-impact tube 10 is formed by connecting four sections of positive-impact cylindrical tubes in a penetrating manner, the four sections of positive-impact cylindrical tubes are sequentially a first section of positive-impact cylindrical tube, a second section of positive-impact cylindrical tube, a third section of positive-impact cylindrical tube and a fourth section of positive-impact cylindrical tube from left to right, along with the direction away from the screen hole tube 7, the outer diameters of the first section of positive-impact cylindrical tube, the second section of positive-impact cylindrical tube and the third section of positive-impact cylindrical tube gradually increase, one end surface of the first section of positive-impact cylindrical tube, which is close to the screen hole tube 7, is not penetrated, the first end surface of the first section of positive-impact cylindrical tube, which is far from the screen hole tube 7, is penetrated with the second section of positive-impact cylindrical tube, a plurality of primary positive-impact holes 8 are radially distributed on the first section of positive-impact cylindrical tube, the second section of positive-impact cylindrical tube is penetrated with the third section of positive-impact cylindrical tube, the inner diameter is the same, the outer diameter of the second section of positive-impact cylindrical tube is gradually increased along with the direction of the inner diameter of the fourth section of positive-impact cylindrical tube, the outer wall of positive-impact cylindrical tube is gradually increased along with the inner diameter of the fourth section of positive-impact cylindrical tube, and the inner diameter is gradually increased along with the inner diameter of the inner diameter is gradually increased, and the inner diameter is gradually is equal to the inner diameter of the outer diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the positive-impact tube.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the number of holes of the primary positive punched holes 8 is even, the even number of primary positive punched holes 8 are radially arranged along the circumference of the first section of positive punched cylindrical pipe, the hole axes of each group of radially opposite primary positive punched holes 8 are coincident, the number of holes of the secondary positive punched holes 9 is even, the even number of secondary positive punched holes 9 are radially arranged along the circumference of the second section of positive punched cylindrical pipe, the hole axes of each group of radially opposite secondary positive punched holes 9 are coincident, the aperture of the secondary positive punched holes 9 is larger than that of the primary positive punched holes 8, and the primary positive punched holes 8 and the secondary positive punched holes 9 are radially distributed in a step mode and are staggered in phase in the circumferential direction.
The axes of the two holes of each group of radial opposite positive punching holes are coincident, when the gas-liquid mixed fluid passes through the primary positive punching holes 8 and the secondary positive punching holes 9, radial opposite punching is carried out, a three-time dispersion crushing effect is generated, the impact crushing effect is stronger, and the uniform mixing and turbulent cavitation effects are better.
When the pressure behind the foam generating device is high, the liquid mixed fluid can flow out from the secondary positive punching hole 9, so that the fluid density field, the speed field and the pressure field are more balanced, and the mixing and turbulence effects are better.
Example 6
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, a foam generating method of the opposite-impact foam generating device as described above includes the steps of:
step 1), connecting a nitrogen injection port and a foaming agent injection port at two ends of an opposite pipe 1 with a nitrogen pump truck and a foaming agent pump truck respectively, respectively carrying out opposite flushing pumping on two ends of the opposite pipe 1, carrying out preliminary collision mixing, and then entering a collecting pipe 2;
step 2), the gas-liquid mixed fluid entering the collecting pipe 2 flows to the staggered flushing pipe 5, and the gas-liquid mixed fluid outside the staggered flushing pipe 5 is radially opposite punched through the primary staggered flushing hole 3 and the secondary staggered flushing hole 4 to generate a primary dispersion crushing effect and a circumferential rotational flow stirring effect;
step 3) then the gas-liquid mixed fluid flows to a screen hole pipe 7 through a staggered flushing pipe 5, and the gas-liquid mixed fluid passes through screen holes 6 of the screen hole pipe 7 to generate a secondary dispersion crushing effect;
step 4), the gas-liquid mixed fluid after the secondary dispersion crushing effect flows to a forward flushing pipe 10, and the gas-liquid mixed fluid outside the forward flushing pipe 10 passes through a primary forward flushing hole 8 and a secondary forward flushing hole 9, and is subjected to radial opposite flushing for the second time to generate a tertiary dispersion crushing effect;
and 5) after three dispersion and crushing actions, the gas-liquid mixed fluid forms foam, and the foam is injected into an oil-gas well shaft through the outlet of the normal flushing pipe 10 to perform foam injection operation.
After three dispersion and crushing actions, the gas-liquid mixed fluid is fully mixed and repeatedly crushed, the optimal foaming effect can be achieved, and foam is injected into an oil-gas well shaft through the outlet of the normal flushing pipe 10 to perform foam injection operations such as drilling, fracturing, oil displacement, energy increasing, drainage assisting, water shutoff and profile control.
The staggered flushing pipes realize circumferential uniform mixing, but the swirling action can generate radial gas-liquid layering (because of different densities), so that the positive flushing pipes are required to be further uniformly mixed; if the front flushing pipe is staggered in front and the rear flushing pipe is staggered in front, the front flushing pipe realizes mixing, but the gas-liquid density difference is large, the collision is unequal, the mixing turbulence effect is not ideal, the meaning is lost when the staggered flushing pipe is circumferentially mixed, and the gas-liquid layering caused by the cyclone of the staggered flushing pipe is not treated.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses a hedging foam generating device, which comprises a hedging pipe 1, a collecting pipe 2, a staggered punching pipe 5, a screen hole pipe 7, a positive punching pipe 10 and a sealing ring 11, wherein the hedging pipe 1 is welded with the collecting pipe 2, the staggered punching pipe 5, the screen hole pipe 7 and the positive punching pipe 10 are sequentially in threaded connection, the staggered punching pipe 5 is of a two-stage hedging structure, and the axes of two holes of each group of diametrically opposite hedging holes are staggered for a certain distance, so that a rotational flow mixing effect is generated, and the circumferential mixing effect is improved; the screen hole pipe 7 is of an axial screen hole 6 structure, the main punching pipe 5 is of a two-stage stepped radial opposite punching structure, the axes of two opposite punching holes in each group are coincident, the collision and crushing effects are stronger, and the uniform mixing and turbulent cavitation effects are better;
when in use, the two ends of the opposite inlet pipe 1 are respectively connected with a nitrogen pump truck and a foaming agent pump truck, and gas and liquid phases are respectively pumped in through opposite flushing from the two ends of the opposite inlet pipe 1, and enter the collecting pipe 2 after preliminary collision and mixing; the gas-liquid mixed fluid entering the collecting pipe 2 flows to the staggered flushing pipe 5, and the gas-liquid mixed fluid outside the staggered flushing pipe 5 is radially opposite punched through the primary staggered punching 3 and the secondary staggered punching 4 to generate a primary dispersion crushing effect, so that the effects of uniform mixing and turbulent cavitation are achieved; each group of axes of the two holes of the opposite punching holes are staggered for a certain distance, so that a rotational flow mixing effect is generated, and the circumferential mixing effect is improved; then the gas-liquid mixed fluid flows to a screen hole pipe 7 through a staggered flushing pipe 5, and the gas-liquid mixed fluid passes through screen holes 6 of the screen hole pipe 7 to generate a secondary dispersion crushing effect; the gas-liquid mixed fluid after the secondary dispersion crushing effect flows to the forward flushing pipe 10, the gas-liquid mixed fluid outside the forward flushing pipe 10 passes through the primary forward flushing hole 8 and the secondary forward flushing hole 9, radial opposite flushing is carried out for the second time, the three dispersion crushing effect is generated, the axes of two holes of each group of opposite flushing holes are coincident, the collision crushing effect is stronger, and the uniform mixing and turbulent cavitation effects are better; after the three dispersion and crushing actions, the gas-liquid mixed fluid is fully mixed and repeatedly crushed, the optimal foaming effect can be achieved, foam is injected into an oil-gas well shaft through the outlet of the positive flushing pipe 10, foam injection operations such as drilling, fracturing, oil displacement, energy increasing and drainage assisting, water shutoff and profile control are performed, and the foam prepared by the opposite flushing foam generating device has high abundance and stability, so that the requirement of the oil-gas well large-displacement foam injection operation is met.
Compared with the traditional spiral (impeller), curved road (winding plate), screen mesh (sieve mesh) and other structures, the invention is provided with two opposite punching holes (staggered punching holes and positive punching holes), which generate symmetrical and uniform radial high-speed collision, have high mixing uniformity degree and strong collision crushing effect, collide with fluid and have small damage to the pipe body; compared with a Venturi tube, the invention has the advantages of small flow resistance, large adaptive displacement and better blending and turbulent flow effects.
The staggered punching pipe and the positive punching pipe are of two-stage opposite punching structures, the two-stage opposite punching structures are distributed in a radial direction in a step mode and are staggered in a circumferential direction, so that fluid density fields, speed fields and stress fields flowing in from the outer side and flowing out from the inner side are more balanced, and the mixing and turbulence effects are better.
According to the invention, the two hole axes of each group of radially opposite primary staggered punching holes or secondary staggered punching holes of the staggered punching pipe are staggered by a distance of half a hole diameter, so that the whole staggered punching pipe has a cyclone effect, and the circumferential mixing effect is improved; according to the invention, the axes of two holes of each group of radially opposite primary positive punching holes or secondary positive punching holes are coincident, so that the impact crushing effect is stronger, and the uniform mixing and turbulent cavitation effects are better.
The staggered flushing pipe is mainly uniformly mixed, the positive flushing pipe is mainly crashed by collision, the uniform mixing function is firstly realized according to the mixing turbulence target of the foam generating device, then the powerful crashing function is realized, and the staggered flushing pipe is arranged in front of the positive flushing pipe, so that the mixing turbulence effect is better.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Many other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments, but only by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A hedging foam generating device, characterized in that: the device comprises a butt-joint pipe (1), a collecting pipe (2), a staggered punching pipe (5), a screen hole pipe (7) and a positive punching pipe (10), wherein the pipe wall of the butt-joint pipe (1) is in through connection with the input end of the collecting pipe (2), the two axial ends of the butt-joint pipe (1) are respectively a nitrogen injection port and a foaming agent injection port, the output end of the collecting pipe (2) is connected with the input end of the staggered punching pipe (5), the output end of the staggered punching pipe (5) is connected with the input end of the screen hole pipe (7), the output end of the screen hole pipe (7) is connected with the input end of the positive punching pipe (10), the staggered punching pipe (5) and the positive punching pipe (10) are of two-stage radial opposite punching structures, the two-stage radial opposite punching hole axes of the staggered punching pipe (5) are staggered, and the radial opposite punching hole axes of the positive punching pipe (10) are coincident;
the staggered punching pipe (5) is formed by the through connection of four staggered punching cylindrical pipes, the four staggered punching cylindrical pipes are sequentially a first staggered punching cylindrical pipe, a second staggered punching cylindrical pipe, a third staggered punching cylindrical pipe and a fourth staggered punching cylindrical pipe from left to right, the outer diameter of each staggered punching cylindrical pipe gradually increases along with the direction away from the collecting pipe (2), one end face of the first staggered punching cylindrical pipe, which is close to the collecting pipe (2), is not communicated, one end face of the first staggered punching cylindrical pipe, which is away from the collecting pipe (2), is communicated with the second staggered punching cylindrical pipe, a plurality of first staggered punching holes (3) are radially distributed in the first staggered punching cylindrical pipe, the second staggered punching cylindrical pipe is communicated with the third staggered punching cylindrical pipe, a plurality of second staggered punching holes (4) are radially distributed in the second staggered punching cylindrical pipe, the third section is wrong towards the cylinder pipe outer wall and is equipped with the external screw thread, and the external screw thread of third section is wrong towards cylinder pipe outer wall and the internal screw thread looks adaptation of collecting pipe (2), third section is wrong towards cylinder pipe and is wrong towards cylinder pipe link up with the fourth section, collecting pipe (2) are formed by two sections cylinder pipe link up connection, and the internal diameter and the external diameter of fourth section are wrong towards cylinder pipe and are the same with the internal diameter and the external diameter that are close to cylinder pipe of collecting pipe (2) one side of wrong towards pipe (5) respectively, and the fourth section is wrong towards cylinder pipe and is close to the inner wall of sieve pore pipe (7) one side and be equipped with the internal screw thread, and the fourth section of wrong towards cylinder pipe of wrong towards pipe (5) is connected with sieve pore pipe (7) through the internal screw thread, and wrong towards pipe (5) and sieve pore pipe (7) junction is equipped with sealing washer (11).
2. The opposed foam generating apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the pipe wall of the middle position in the axial direction of the inlet pipe (1) is vertically welded and communicated with the input end of the collecting pipe (2), a nitrogen injection port in one axial end of the inlet pipe (1) is connected with a nitrogen pump truck through a pipeline, and a foaming agent injection port in the other axial end of the inlet pipe (1) is connected with the foaming agent pump truck through a pipeline.
3. The opposed foam generating apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the number of holes of the primary staggered punching holes (3) is even, the even number of the primary staggered punching holes (3) are radially arranged along the circumference of the first section staggered punching cylindrical pipe, the hole axes of each group of radially opposite primary staggered punching holes (3) are oppositely offset by the distance of each half of the hole diameter, the number of holes of the secondary staggered punching holes (4) is even, the even number of the secondary staggered punching holes (4) are radially arranged along the circumference of the second section staggered punching cylindrical pipe, the hole axes of each group of radially opposite secondary staggered punching holes (4) are oppositely offset by the distance of each half of the hole diameter, the hole diameter of the secondary staggered punching holes (4) is larger than the hole diameter of the primary staggered punching holes (3), and the primary staggered punching holes (3) and the secondary staggered punching holes (4) are radially distributed in a step mode and the phases in the circumferential direction are staggered.
4. The opposed foam generating apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the utility model provides a sieve hole pipe (7) is formed by two sections cylinder pipe through connection, and the cylinder pipe external diameter that sieve hole pipe (7) is close to wrong wash pipe (5) one side is little and the outer wall is equipped with the external screw thread, and the external screw thread of sieve hole pipe (7) is equipped with a plurality of sieve meshes (6) with the internal screw thread looks adaptation of wrong wash pipe (5), and the cylinder pipe end face that sieve hole pipe (7) is close to wrong wash pipe (5) one side is equipped with sieve mesh (6), and the axial setting of sieve mesh (6) along sieve hole pipe (7), the cylinder pipe diameter that sieve hole pipe (7) were kept away from wrong wash pipe (5) one side is big, and the cylinder pipe inner wall that sieve hole pipe (7) is close to just wash pipe (10) one side is equipped with the internal screw thread, and sieve hole pipe (7) are connected with just wash pipe (10) through the internal screw thread, and sieve hole pipe (7) and just wash pipe (10) junction is equipped with sealing washer (11).
5. The opposed foam generating apparatus as defined in claim 4, wherein: the positive punching pipe (10) is formed by connecting four sections of positive punching cylindrical pipes in a penetrating manner, the four sections of positive punching cylindrical pipes are sequentially a first section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, a second section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, a third section of positive punching cylindrical pipe and a fourth section of positive punching cylindrical pipe from left to right, the outer diameters of the first section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, the second section of positive punching cylindrical pipe and the third section of positive punching cylindrical pipe are gradually increased along with the direction away from the sieve hole pipe (7), one end face of the first section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, close to the sieve hole pipe (7), is not communicated with the second section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, one end face of the first section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, far from the sieve hole pipe (7), is communicated with the second section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, a plurality of primary positive punching holes (8) are radially distributed on the first section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, the second section of positive punching cylindrical pipe is communicated with the third section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, the outer diameter of the second section of positive punching cylindrical pipe is the same as the inner diameter of the third section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, the outer diameter of the second section of positive punching cylindrical pipe is gradually increased along with the inner diameter of the third section of positive punching cylindrical pipe, and the outer diameter of the fourth section of positive punching cylindrical pipe is gradually reduced along with the inner diameter of the outer diameter of the third section of positive punching cylindrical pipe is gradually matched with the outer diameter of the third section of the positive punching cylindrical pipe.
6. The opposed foam generating apparatus as defined in claim 5, wherein: the number of holes of the primary positive punched holes (8) is even, the even number of primary positive punched holes (8) are radially arranged along the circumference of the first section positive punched cylindrical pipe, the hole axes of each group of radially opposite primary positive punched holes (8) are coincident, the number of holes of the secondary positive punched holes (9) is even, the even number of secondary positive punched holes (9) are radially arranged along the circumference of the second section positive punched cylindrical pipe, the hole axes of each group of radially opposite secondary positive punched holes (9) are coincident, the aperture of the secondary positive punched holes (9) is larger than the aperture of the primary positive punched holes (8), the primary positive punched holes (8) and the secondary positive punched holes (9) are radially distributed in a step mode, and the phases on the circumference are staggered.
7. A foam generating method of an opposite-impact foam generating apparatus as claimed in claim 6, comprising the steps of:
step 1), connecting a nitrogen injection port and a foaming agent injection port at two ends of an opposite-in pipe (1) with a nitrogen pump truck and a foaming agent pump truck respectively, respectively carrying out opposite-impact pumping on gas and liquid phases from two ends of the opposite-in pipe (1), and entering a collecting pipe (2) after preliminary collision and mixing;
step 2), the gas-liquid mixed fluid entering the collecting pipe (2) flows to a staggered flushing pipe (5), and the gas-liquid mixed fluid outside the staggered flushing pipe (5) is radially opposite-punched through a first-stage staggered flushing hole (3) and a second-stage staggered flushing hole (4) to generate a primary dispersion crushing effect and a circumferential rotational flow stirring effect;
step 3), then the gas-liquid mixed fluid flows to a screen hole pipe (7) through a staggered flushing pipe (5), and the gas-liquid mixed fluid passes through screen holes (6) of the screen hole pipe (7) to generate a secondary dispersion crushing effect;
the gas-liquid mixed fluid after the secondary dispersion crushing effect flows to a forward flushing pipe (10), and the gas-liquid mixed fluid outside the forward flushing pipe (10) passes through a primary forward flushing hole (8) and a secondary forward flushing hole (9) to perform radial opposite flushing for the second time to generate a tertiary dispersion crushing effect;
and 5) after three dispersion and crushing actions, the gas-liquid mixed fluid forms foam, and the foam is injected into an oil-gas well shaft through an outlet of a forward flushing pipe (10) to perform foam injection operation.
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| CN113368719B (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-09 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | High-pressure foam generating device suitable for downhole operation under different working conditions and preparation method |
| CN114749043B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-08-12 | 四川环钻星空能源科技有限公司 | Foam generator for drilling fluid in oil field |
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