CN111760433A - Wet desulphurization device and process - Google Patents
Wet desulphurization device and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111760433A CN111760433A CN202010775762.4A CN202010775762A CN111760433A CN 111760433 A CN111760433 A CN 111760433A CN 202010775762 A CN202010775762 A CN 202010775762A CN 111760433 A CN111760433 A CN 111760433A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 213
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 194
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 194
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 66
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract description 66
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 141
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
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- MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Co+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
- B01D53/8612—Hydrogen sulfide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical engineering, and discloses a wet desulphurization device and a process, wherein the device is a first desulphurization device (DGX type reactor) and comprises a high-efficiency reaction section, a mixed reaction section, a gas-liquid separation section and a liquid storage tank section; the device can also comprise a second desulfurization device and/or a third desulfurization device, and the corresponding purification treatment process of the high-efficiency wet desulfurization of the sulfur-containing gas is completed through the combination of the multi-stage desulfurization devices, so that the device has the advantages of high desulfurization efficiency, compact structure, small occupied area, smooth airflow flow, low resistance, high utility ratio of all parts and low equipment investment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical industry, in particular to a wet desulphurization device and a wet desulphurization process for sulfur-containing process gas.
Background
In industrial production systems in industries such as petrochemical industry, natural gas chemical industry, coal chemical industry and the like, sulfur-containing process gas mainly exists in chemical engineering units such as natural gas (including methane) chemical industry, petroleum refining hydrogenation devices, coal tar hydrogenation devices in coal chemical industry and the like, and all contain high-concentration H2S and other sulfur-containing process gases. According to the requirements of sulfur recovery treatment and environmental protection technology, the H in the sulfur-containing process gas needs to be treated2S is purified and the sulfur is recycled.
Especially for the field of coal chemical industry, sulfur-containing process acid gases such as sulfur-containing process gas generated by an acid water stripping tower in a coal tar hydrogenation device, coal tar hydrogenation device solvent regeneration stripping sulfur-containing process gas (separated by a stripping separating tank) and the like are used, and according to the different scales of hydrogenation devices, the scale of the coal tar hydrogenation device is 30 × 104~60×104For the t/a coal tar hydrogenation device, the gas amount of the sulfur-containing process acid gas is generally 100-1000 Nm3A difference of about/H, H2The S content is 60-97% (vol%), and the amount of recovered sulfur converted into pure sulfur is about 2000-8000 t/a.
For sulfur-containing process gas in the fields of petroleum and natural gas (including methane) chemical industry, coal chemical industry and the like, the amount of the sulfur-containing process gas is different according to different device scales, and H2The S content is varied from 0.1 to 50% (vol%). The recovery of sulfur in large-scale plants ranges from annual production on the order of kilotons to tens of kilotons, and even hundreds of kilotons.
Aiming at the process for recovering sulfur by purifying sulfur-containing process gas, the process for recovering sulfur mainly adopts a Claus method (including an improved superYouguos method and the like). The Claus process for recovering sulfur from process gas generally adopts the processes of conversion, condensation, sulfur separation, sulfur granulation and forming, process gas reheating, Claus tail gas retreatment or alcohol amine absorption system and the like. And the process of the Claus tail gas treatment (such as an alcohol amine absorption system) needs to consume alcohol amine solvent, and simultaneously the solvent needs to be continuously regenerated to consume a large amount of steam, so that new energy consumption is increased, and the operation cost is high. The Claus device is generally applicable to devices with large capacity of more than 1 ten thousand tons per year due to long process, complex process and high requirement on equipment materials, and compared with the comprehensive cost performance, the Claus device is rarely constructed in China and has poor economic rationality for small devices for recovering Claus with the grade of 1 ten thousand tons per year and below.
In recent years, in many of the sulfur-containing process gas desulfurization and sulfur recovery apparatuses for the newly-built independent coal tar hydrogenation apparatuses and the sulfur-containing process gas in the petroleum and natural gas (including biogas) chemical and coal chemical industries, the sulfur recovery amount of the sulfur-containing process gas in many apparatuses is less than 1 million tons/year (mostly about 2000 to 8000 t/a). If the Claus device is adopted, the economic rationality and the comprehensive cost performance are poor, so the Claus method is not suitable to be adopted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wet desulphurization device and a process, aiming at the problems in the background art, and the desulphurization device has the advantages of high desulphurization efficiency, compact structure, small occupied area, smooth airflow flow, small resistance, high utility ratio of each component and low equipment investment.
The first technical scheme provided by the invention for achieving the aim is as follows:
a wet desulfurization apparatus, which is a first desulfurization device (DGX-type reactor), comprising:
the high-efficiency reaction section is internally provided with 1 layer or 2 layers of first atomizing nozzles, and the sprayed desulfurization liquid is in countercurrent contact with the process gas to generate desulfurization absorption reaction;
the mixed reaction section is provided with a gas-liquid mixed ejector and a high-efficiency mixer liquid receiving tank cylinder and is used for secondary reaction of the process gas and the desulfurization liquid;
the gas-liquid separation section comprises a conical cover and an annular baffle and is used for separating liquid drops carried in the gas from the mixed reaction section;
the liquid storage tank section is used for storing the reacted desulfurization rich liquid; and
a tower base;
the conical cover is provided with an outer ring baffle, the ring baffle is provided with an inner ring and is used for blocking liquid drops in gas and changing the direction of gas flow to perform gas-liquid separation.
Furthermore, 1 layer or 2 layers of liquid high-efficiency atomizing nozzles which spray upwards are arranged in the high-efficiency reaction section.
Further, the mixing reaction section comprises: the process gas and the desulfurization liquid carry out secondary reaction in the section, most of the reaction liquid overflows downwards from the overflow weir and the overflow hole, and the gas with partial liquid drops enters the gas-liquid separation section above the reaction liquid from the liquid level of the liquid receiving tank reaction cylinder upwards. The jet flow speed of the gas-liquid mixing ejector is 10-20 m/s.
Furthermore, a liquid level meter is installed on the side wall of the rich liquid storage liquid level section of the integrated high-efficiency reactor, a liquid level control valve is installed on the corresponding liquid outlet pipeline, and the liquid level meter and the liquid level control valve form regulation and control linkage alarm and automatically control the liquid level height.
Further, the apparatus further comprises a second desulfurization device, the second desulfurization device comprising:
the first special reactor and the gas-liquid separation equipment are connected with the first desulfurization equipment through pipelines;
the height-diameter ratio of the first special reactor is 10: 1-5: 1, the lower part of the first special reactor is provided with a gas-liquid inlet mixer, and a first stainless steel corrugated filler is arranged in the first special reactor.
Further, the apparatus further comprises a third desulfurization device, the third desulfurization device comprising:
the second special reactor and the filler type desulfurizing tower are connected with the first desulfurizing device through pipelines;
the packed desulfurization tower is sequentially provided with a liquid storage tank section, a gas-liquid separator, a packed absorption section, a liquid inlet distributor and a demister section from bottom to top; the height-diameter ratio of the second special reactor is 10: 1-5: 1, and a second stainless steel corrugated filler is arranged in the second special reactor.
Further, when the device comprises the first desulfurization device and the second desulfurization device, the device also comprises a third desulfurization device, and the third desulfurization device comprises:
the second special reactor and the filler type desulfurizing tower are connected with the first desulfurizing device and the second desulfurizing device through pipelines;
the packed desulfurization tower is sequentially provided with a liquid storage tank section, a gas-liquid separator, a packed absorption section, a liquid inlet distributor and a demister section from bottom to top; the height-diameter ratio of the second special reactor is 10: 1-5: 1, and a second stainless steel corrugated filler is arranged in the second special reactor.
Further, in order to enhance gas-liquid mass transfer and reaction, the first stainless steel packing and the second stainless steel packing are stainless steel structured pore plate corrugated packings, and the stainless steel structured pore plate corrugated packings are generally in the types of 125Y, 250Y, 350Y, 450Y, 500Y and the like; or stainless steel wire net corrugated packing, generally adopting stainless steel wire net corrugated regular packing BX500, CY700 and other models.
Further, the empty tower gas velocity of the filler type desulfurization tower is 40-80% of the flooding velocity.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a process for desulfurizing by adopting the wet desulphurization device.
Furthermore, the apparatus can be used for H when it comprises only the first desulfurization device2The desulfurization and purification treatment of various gas quantities of the sulfur-containing process gas with the S content within 0.1(vol%) is carried out, and the desulfurization process comprises the following steps:
the sulfur-containing process gas enters the high-efficiency reaction section from a sulfur-containing process gas inlet at the top of the first desulfurization equipment through a pipeline, forms a foam-shaped area with the desulfurization liquid sprayed by the liquid high-efficiency atomizing spray head in the high-efficiency reaction section, and forms specific countercurrent turbulence with the gas, so that the contact area of the gas flow is increased; then the gas-liquid mixture flows downstream to the internal gas-liquid mixing ejector to the reaction section of the mixer and enters the liquid receiving tank cylinder of the high-efficiency mixer, and the secondary gas-liquid high-efficiency mixing turbulent enhanced reaction is carried out, which is equivalent to carrying out two times of enhanced desulfurization enhanced absorption reaction in the same equipment. And then, the gas reacted by the liquid tank barrel in the high-efficiency mixer rises to a conical cover baffle of the gas-liquid separation section, passes through the annular baffle and is sent out of the equipment through a process purified gas outlet to finish desulfurization.
The side wall of the liquid storage tank section is provided with an automatic remote transmission liquid level meter and an in-place liquid level meter, a liquid level control valve is arranged on a corresponding liquid outlet pipeline, and the liquid level meter and the liquid level control valve form regulation and control linkage alarm and automatically control the liquid level height. And the desulfurized rich solution reacted in the reaction section of the mixer automatically flows downwards from the liquid receiving tank barrel of the reaction section of the mixer to enter the liquid level storage section, and the rich solution after the liquid level regulating valve at the bottom outlet of the mixer is sent to the desulfurized liquid regeneration system.
The desulfurization efficiency of the process can reach more than 98.5 percent.
Further, when the device comprises 2 desulfurization devices, the device can be used for gas flow of 5000Nm3More than H, and H2Desulfurizing and purifying the sulfur-containing process gas with the S content of 0.1-0.2 (vol%); or the gas amount is 100 to 200Nm3about/H, H2Desulfurizing and purifying sulfur-containing acid gas with the S content of 60-97% (vol%); the total desulfurization efficiency can reach more than 99 percent.
Further, when the device comprises 3 desulfurization devices, the device can be used for gas flow of 10000Nm3More than H, and H2Desulfurizing and purifying the sulfur-containing process gas with the S content of 0.2-0.5 (vol%); or gas amount of 200-400 Nm3about/H, H2Desulfurizing and purifying sulfur-containing acid gas with the S content of 60-97% (vol%); the total desulfurization efficiency can reach more than 99.5 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention forms various combinations of corresponding single or multiple desulfurization devices according to different load heights or sulfur contents, achieves the single-stage or multi-stage desulfurization device process, ensures that the overall desulfurization efficiency is more than or equal to 99.9 percent (the desulfurization rate is improved by more than 10 percent compared with the desulfurization rate of the conventional equivalent-stage desulfurization device), and ensures that the treated purified gas meets the national emission technical requirements or the technical requirements of industrial devices. The desulfurization device has compact integral structure and greatly reduces the occupied area; smooth airflow flow, reduced resistance, energy saving, consumption reduction, high utilization rate of each part, saving of a large amount of materials and more equipment investment saving.
2. The invention greatly improves the desulfurization reaction efficiency, improves the sulfur capacity of the desulfurization solution and eliminates the sulfur blockage problem of the conventional desulfurization absorption reaction equipment by arranging different combinations of a plurality of types of desulfurization equipment. The desulfurization precision and efficiency of the whole sulfur-containing process gas are ensured, the investment of the whole equipment is reduced, and the economy is better.
3. The second and third desulfurization devices are filled with regular packing, so that the gas-liquid mass transfer reaction speed can be greatly improved, the desulfurization efficiency is greatly improved, the desulfurization load of a rear-stage sulfur-containing process gas desulfurization tower can be greatly reduced, and the equipment size of the sulfur-containing process gas desulfurization tower is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a desulfurization apparatus according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the construction of a first desulfurization apparatus in example 2 of this invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the construction of a second desulfurization apparatus in example 2 of this invention;
FIG. 4 is a simplified diagram of a desulfurization process in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the construction of a third desulfurization apparatus in example 3 of this invention;
FIG. 6 is a simplified diagram of a desulfurization process in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a desulfurization apparatus and process according to example 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.
The desulfurization efficiency in the embodiment of the invention is as follows: the amount of H2S removed by this unit (amount of H2S in the sour gas feed-the amount removed by purge to 20 ppm) is a percentage of the amount of H2S in the sour gas feed.
Example 1
The plant comprises only a first desulfurization unit (DGX type reactor), whose schematic diagram is shown in FIG. 1.
A sulfur-containing process gas wet desulfurization unit 100 comprising:
the high-efficiency reaction section 101 is internally provided with 1 layer of first atomizing nozzles 101.1 which are liquid high-efficiency atomizing nozzles, and the sprayed desulfurization liquid is in countercurrent contact with the process gas to generate desulfurization absorption reaction; the top is provided with a sulfur-containing process gas inlet 101.2;
the gas-liquid separation section 102 is composed of a conical cover baffle plate 102.1 with an outer ring baffle plate and an annular baffle plate 102.2 with an inner ring; and the upper side of the top end socket of the gas-liquid separation section 102 is provided with a process gas purification outlet 102.3;
the mixing reaction section 103 is provided with a gas-liquid mixing ejector 103.1 and a high-efficiency mixer liquid receiving tank cylinder 103.2, the circumference of the upper wall of the high-efficiency mixer liquid receiving tank cylinder 103.2 is provided with 6 phi 80 holes, the jet flow speed of the mixing ejector 103.1 is 10-20 m/s, and the mixing ejector is used for secondary reaction of the process gas and the desulfurization liquid;
the liquid storage tank section 104 is used for storing the desulfurized rich liquid after reaction; and a turret base 105.
In order to automatically control the liquid level height, a liquid level meter is installed on the outer side wall of the liquid storage tank section 104, a liquid level control valve is installed on a corresponding liquid outlet pipeline, and the liquid level meter and the liquid level control valve form regulation and control linkage alarm.
The desulfurization process of the embodiment is as follows:
the sulfur-containing process gas enters the efficient reaction section 101 from a sulfur-containing process gas inlet 101.2 at the top of the first desulfurization device 100 through a pipeline and flows downwards, a foam-shaped area is formed by the sulfur-containing process gas and desulfurization liquid sprayed by an internal liquid efficient atomizing nozzle 101.1, and the sulfur-containing process gas and the gas form specific countercurrent turbulence, so that the gas-liquid contact area is increased; then the gas-liquid mixture flows downstream to the mixing reaction section 103, enters a high-efficiency mixer liquid receiving tank barrel 103.2 from the internal gas-liquid mixing ejector 103.1 to the mixer reaction section 103, and carries out secondary gas-liquid high-efficiency mixing turbulent enhanced reaction, which is equivalent to carrying out two times of enhanced desulfurization enhanced absorption reaction in the same equipment; one part of the reacted desulfurization rich solution overflows downwards through 6 phi 80 holes formed in the circumference of the upper wall of the liquid tank cylinder 103.2, the other part overflows to the liquid storage tank section 104 from the upper overflow port of the liquid tank cylinder 103.2, and the desulfurization rich solution is delivered to a desulfurization solution regeneration system after the liquid level is regulated and controlled by an outlet regulating valve at the bottom of the liquid storage tank section 104.
Then, the gas with liquid drops after the reaction of the high-efficiency mixer by the liquid tank barrel 103.2 rises to the gas-liquid separation section 102, the process gas passes through the conical cover 102.1 with the outer ring baffle plate to enable the gas flow to flow downwards to the barrel wall and impact the inner wall of the barrel, the gas flow impacts the annular baffle plate 102.2 with the inner ring on the inner wall of the barrel upwards to force the gas flow to gather towards the center, the liquid drops in the gas flow downwards automatically flow into the liquid tank section 104 at the lower part after impacting and gathering twice, the gathered process gas continuously passes upwards and then is sent out of the equipment through the process gas purification outlet 102.3 to finish the desulfurization.
Example 1 is suitable for H in a sour process gas2The desulfurization purification treatment of various gas quantities with the S content within 0.1(vol%) can lead the desulfurization efficiency to reach more than 98.5%.
Example 2
Compared with the embodiment 1, the device is additionally provided with the second desulfurization device, and the high-efficiency reaction section of the first desulfurization device is provided with 2 layers of first atomizing nozzles, that is, the device comprises the first desulfurization device and the second desulfurization device, and the structural schematic diagrams of the first desulfurization device and the second desulfurization device are respectively shown in fig. 2 and 3.
The second desulfurization apparatus 200 is connected to the first desulfurization apparatus 100 by a pipe, and includes:
the 2 nd desulfurization apparatus 200 includes: the first special reactor 201 and the gas-liquid separation equipment 202 are connected with the first desulfurization equipment through pipelines. The lower part of the first special reactor 201 is provided with a gas-liquid inlet mixer 201.1, and the gas-liquid inlet mixer 201.1 is a branch type branch pipe distributor type which is general in industry; the height-diameter ratio of the first special reactor 201 is 6:1, and the inside of the first special reactor is provided with regularly arranged 450Y stainless steel regular pore plate corrugated packing 201.2 for strengthening gas-liquid mass transfer and reaction; the gas-liquid separation equipment 202 is a wire mesh demister and is internally provided with B400 stainless wire mesh corrugations 202.1.
The desulfurization process of the embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 4, the sulfur-containing process gas enters the high-efficiency reaction section 101 from the sulfur-containing process gas inlet 101.2 at the top of the first desulfurization device 100 through a pipeline and flows downward, and forms a foam-like region with the desulfurization liquid sprayed by the liquid high-efficiency atomizing nozzle 101.1 inside, and forms specific countercurrent turbulence with the gas, so that the gas-liquid contact area is increased; then the gas-liquid mixture flows downstream to the mixing reaction section 103, enters a high-efficiency mixer liquid receiving tank barrel 103.2 from the internal gas-liquid mixing ejector 103.1 to the mixer reaction section 103, and carries out secondary gas-liquid high-efficiency mixing turbulent enhanced reaction, which is equivalent to carrying out two times of enhanced desulfurization enhanced absorption reaction in the same equipment; one part of the reacted desulfurization rich solution overflows downwards through 6 phi 80 holes formed in the circumference of the upper wall of the liquid tank cylinder 103.2, and the other part overflows to the liquid storage tank section 104 from the upper overflow port of the liquid tank cylinder 103.2, and is sent to a desulfurization solution regeneration system after the liquid level is regulated and controlled by an outlet regulating valve at the bottom of the liquid storage tank section 104; then, the gas with liquid drops after the reaction of the high-efficiency mixer by the liquid tank barrel 103.2 rises to the gas-liquid separation section 102, the process gas passes through the conical cover 102.1 with the outer ring baffle plate to enable the gas flow to flow downwards to the barrel wall and impact the inner wall of the barrel, the gas flow impacts the annular baffle plate 102.2 with the inner ring on the inner wall of the barrel upwards to force the gas flow to gather towards the center, the liquid drops in the gas flow downwards automatically flows into the liquid tank section 104 at the lower part after impacting and gathering twice, the gathered process gas continuously passes upwards and then is sent out of the equipment through the process gas purification outlet 102.3 to finish primary desulfurization and enters the second desulfurization 200 equipment.
The process gas of the primary desulfurization enters the bottom side part of a first special reactor 201 of a second desulfurization device 200 from a first desulfurization device 100 through a pipeline, and respectively enters a gas-liquid mixer 201.1 of a branch-type branch pipe together with a barren solution entering the first special reactor 201 from the bottom, the mixture of the sulfur-containing process gas and the desulfurization barren solution enters the first special reactor 201 after being mixed, the mixture of the sulfur-containing process gas and the desulfurization barren solution is fully turbulent and mass-transfer mixed on a 450Y stainless steel regular orifice plate corrugated seasoning 201.1 of the first special reactor 201 for strong absorption desulfurization reaction, the gas-liquid mixture after the reaction is sent to a gas-liquid separation device 202 for gas-liquid separation, the liquid level of the separated liquid is regulated and controlled by a bottom outlet liquid level regulating valve 202.1, and an outlet rich solution is sent to a; and the separated gas passes through a wire mesh demister 202.2 and then leaves the second desulfurization device from an outlet pipe 202.3 at the top to complete desulfurization.
This example 2 is suitable for gas flow of 5000Nm3More than H, and H2Desulfurizing and purifying the sulfur-containing process gas with the S content of 0.1-0.2 (vol%); the gas mixing amount is 100-200 Nm3about/H, H2The sulfur-containing acid gas with the S content of 60-97% (vol%) is subjected to desulfurization purification treatment, and the desulfurization efficiency can reach more than 99%.
Example 3
Compared with the embodiment 1, a third desulfurization device is added, the device comprises the first desulfurization device and the third desulfurization device, and the schematic structure of the third desulfurization device is shown in FIG. 5.
The third desulfurization apparatus 300 comprises a second special reactor 301 and a packed desulfurization tower 302, and is connected with the first desulfurization apparatus through a pipeline.
The height-diameter ratio of the second special reactor 301 is 7.2:1, the lower part is provided with a gas-liquid inlet mixer 301.1, and the gas-liquid inlet mixer 301.1 is of a branch type branch pipe distributor type which is general in industry; the inside is provided with regular arrangement of BX500 stainless steel wire net corrugated regular packing 301.2, which strengthens gas-liquid transmission and reaction.
The packed desulfurization tower 302 is sequentially provided with a liquid storage tank section 302.1, a gas-liquid separator 302.2, a packed absorption reaction section 302.3, a branch pipe type liquid inlet distributor 302.4 and a tower top demister 302.5 from the bottom end to the top end, wherein the packed absorption reaction section 302.3 is filled with bulk packing or structured packing for enhancing gas-liquid mass transfer.
The desulfurization process of the embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 6, the sulfur-containing process gas enters the high-efficiency reaction section 101 from the sulfur-containing process gas inlet 101.2 at the top of the first desulfurization device 100 through a pipeline and flows downward, and forms a foam-like region with the desulfurization liquid sprayed by the liquid high-efficiency atomizing nozzle 101.1 inside, and forms specific countercurrent turbulence with the gas, so that the gas-liquid contact area is increased; then the gas-liquid mixture flows downstream to the mixing reaction section 103, enters a high-efficiency mixer liquid receiving tank barrel 103.2 from the internal gas-liquid mixing ejector 103.1 to the mixer reaction section 103, and carries out secondary gas-liquid high-efficiency mixing turbulent enhanced reaction, which is equivalent to carrying out two times of enhanced desulfurization enhanced absorption reaction in the same equipment; one part of the reacted desulfurization rich solution overflows downwards through 6 phi 80 holes formed in the circumference of the upper wall of the liquid tank cylinder 103.2, and the other part overflows to the liquid storage tank section 104 from the upper overflow port of the liquid tank cylinder 103.2, and is sent to a desulfurization solution regeneration system after the liquid level is regulated and controlled by an outlet regulating valve at the bottom of the liquid storage tank section 104; then, the gas with liquid drops after the reaction of the high-efficiency mixer by the liquid tank barrel 103.2 rises to the gas-liquid separation section 102, the process gas passes through the conical cover 102.1 with the outer ring baffle plate to enable the gas flow to flow downwards to the barrel wall and impact the inner wall of the barrel, the gas flow impacts the annular baffle plate 102.2 with the inner ring on the inner wall of the barrel upwards to force the gas flow to gather towards the center, the liquid drops in the gas flow downwards automatically flows into the liquid tank section 104 at the lower part after impacting and gathering twice, the gathered process gas continuously passes upwards and then is sent out of the equipment through the process gas purification outlet 102.3 to finish primary desulfurization and enters the third desulfurization 300 equipment.
The process gas which finishes the primary desulfurization enters the bottom side of a second special reactor 301 of a third desulfurization device 300 from a first desulfurization device through a gas pipeline, and is fully stirred and mass-transferred on a high-efficiency filler 301.2 after entering a lean solution of the second special reactor 301 from the bottom, so as to carry out strong absorption desulfurization reaction, the gas-liquid mixture after the reaction is sent to a gas-liquid separator 302.2 at the lower part of a filler type desulfurization tower 302 through a pipeline, the liquid flows into a liquid storage tank section 302.1 under the action of gravity, and a rich solution outlet at the bottom of the tower is sent to a desulfurization solution regeneration system through a liquid level regulating valve and a rich solution main pipe; the separated gas upwards enters a filler reaction absorption section 302.3 of the filler type desulfurization tower 302, the gas and lean liquid which flows downwards after being uniformly distributed by a branch pipe type liquid inlet distributor 302.4 are in countercurrent contact on the surface of the high-efficiency filler of the absorption section to carry out desulfurization reaction of mass transfer absorption, and the mist is removed by a demister 302.5 at the top of a purified gas tower after the reaction and then the gas is sent out of desulfurization equipment through a gas outlet pipe to complete desulfurization.
This example 3 is suitable for gas flow of 5000Nm3More than H, and H2Desulfurizing and purifying the sulfur-containing process gas with the S content of 0.1-0.2 (vol%); the gas mixing amount is 100-200 Nm3about/H, H2The sulfur-containing acid gas with the S content of 60-97% (vol%) is subjected to desulfurization purification treatment, and the desulfurization efficiency can reach more than 99%.
Example 4
Compared with the example 2, a third desulfurization device (the same as the third desulfurization device in the example 3) is added, the device comprises a first desulfurization device, a second desulfurization device and a third desulfurization device, all the desulfurization devices are connected through pipelines, and the device and the process schematic diagram of the example are shown in fig. 7.
The desulfurization process of the embodiment is as follows:
the sulfur-containing process gas enters the efficient reaction section 101 from a sulfur-containing process gas inlet 101.2 at the top of the first desulfurization device 100 through a pipeline and flows downwards, a foam-shaped area is formed by the sulfur-containing process gas and desulfurization liquid sprayed by an internal liquid efficient atomizing nozzle 101.1, and the sulfur-containing process gas and the gas form specific countercurrent turbulence, so that the gas-liquid contact area is increased; then the gas-liquid mixture flows downstream to the mixing reaction section 103, enters a high-efficiency mixer liquid receiving tank barrel 103.2 from the internal gas-liquid mixing ejector 103.1 to the mixer reaction section 103, and carries out secondary gas-liquid high-efficiency mixing turbulent enhanced reaction, which is equivalent to carrying out two times of enhanced desulfurization enhanced absorption reaction in the same equipment; one part of the reacted desulfurization rich solution overflows downwards through 6 phi 80 holes formed in the circumference of the upper wall of the liquid tank cylinder 103.2, and the other part overflows to the liquid storage tank section 104 from the upper overflow port of the liquid tank cylinder 103.2, and is sent to a desulfurization solution regeneration system after the liquid level is regulated and controlled by an outlet regulating valve at the bottom of the liquid storage tank section 104; then, after the high-efficiency mixer is reacted by a liquid tank barrel 103.2, the gas with liquid drops rises to a gas-liquid separation section 102, the process gas passes through a conical cover 102.1 with an outer ring baffle plate to enable the gas flow to flow downwards to the barrel wall and impact the inner wall of the barrel, the gas flow impacts an annular baffle plate 102.2 with an inner ring on the inner wall of the barrel upwards to force the gas flow to gather towards the center, the liquid drops in the gas flow downwards automatically flow into a liquid tank section 104 at the lower part after being impacted and gathered for two times, the gathered process gas continuously passes upwards and then is sent out of the equipment through a process gas purification outlet 102.3 to finish primary desulfurization and enters a second desulfurization equipment 200.
The process gas of the primary desulfurization enters the bottom side part of a first special reactor 201 of a second desulfurization device 200 from a first desulfurization device 100 through a pipeline, and respectively enters a gas-liquid mixer 201.1 of a branch-type branch pipe in the first special reactor 201 together with barren liquid entering from the bottom, the mixture enters the first special reactor 201 after being mixed, the mixture of the sulfur-containing process gas and the desulfurization barren liquid is fully stirred and mass-transferred and mixed on a 450Y stainless steel regular orifice plate corrugated seasoning 201.1 of the first special reactor 201 for strong absorption desulfurization reaction, the gas-liquid mixture after the reaction is sent to a gas-liquid separation device 202 for gas-liquid separation, the liquid level of the separated liquid is regulated and controlled by a bottom outlet liquid level regulating valve 202.1, and then the outlet rich liquid is sent to a desulfurization regeneration system; and the separated gas passes through a wire mesh demister 202.2 and then leaves the second desulfurization equipment from an outlet pipe 202.3 at the top to be sent to third desulfurization equipment, so that secondary desulfurization is completed.
The process gas which completes the secondary desulfurization enters the bottom side of a second special reactor 301 of a third desulfurization device 300 from a second desulfurization device through a gas pipeline, and is fully stirred and mass-transferred on a high-efficiency filler 301.2 after entering the second special reactor 301 from the bottom, so as to carry out strong absorption desulfurization reaction, the gas-liquid mixture after the reaction is sent to a gas-liquid separator 302.2 at the lower part of a filler type desulfurization tower 302 through a pipeline, and the liquid flows into a liquid storage tank section 302.1 under the action of gravity; the separated gas upwards enters a filler reaction absorption section 302.3 of the filler type desulfurization tower 302, the gas and lean liquid which is distributed downwards from a tower top branch pipe type liquid inlet distributor 302.4 are in countercurrent contact on the surface of the high-efficiency filler of the absorption section to carry out desulfurization reaction of mass transfer absorption, mist foam is removed by a demister 302.5 at the top of a purified gas tower after the reaction, and the gas is sent out of desulfurization equipment through a gas outlet pipe to complete desulfurization purification of sulfur-containing gas. The lean liquid at the top of the tower is distributed by a branch pipe type liquid inlet distributor 302.4 and enters a filling section downwards to react with gas, the rich liquid separated from a gas-liquid separator 302.2 at the lower part of the tower enters a liquid storage tank section 302.1, and the mixed rich liquid is sent to a desulfurization liquid regeneration system after the liquid level is regulated by a liquid level regulating valve at the outlet at the bottom of the tower.
Wherein the catalyst in the desulfurization solution is a compound containing cobalt phthalocyanine sulfonate or an organic complexing agent plus a water-soluble base iron system; the superficial gas velocity of the sulfur-containing process gas in the packed desulfurization tower 302 is 40-80% of the flooding velocity.
This example 4 is suitable for gas volume of 10000Nm3More than H, and H2Desulfurizing and purifying the sulfur-containing process gas with the S content of 0.2-0.5 (vol%); the gas mixing amount is 200-400 Nm3about/H, H2The total desulfurization efficiency of the desulfurization purification treatment of the sulfur-containing acid gas with the S content of 60-97% (vol%) can reach more than 99.5%.
When a plurality of kinds of desulfurization equipment exist in each embodiment, the front and back sequences of each desulfurization equipment and the corresponding process can be interchanged, and the corresponding purification treatment process of the high-efficiency wet desulfurization of the sulfur-containing gas is realized by the desulfurization device and the process of the embodiment; h in purified gas subjected to desulfurization and purification treatment by using various desulfurization devices and processes of the embodiment of the invention2S can be below 20 ppm.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wet desulphurization device is characterized in that the device is a first desulphurization device, and comprises:
the high-efficiency reaction section is internally provided with 1 or 2 layers of first atomizing nozzles, and the sprayed desulfurization liquid is in countercurrent contact with the process gas to generate desulfurization absorption reaction;
the mixed reaction section is provided with a gas-liquid mixed ejector and a high-efficiency mixer liquid receiving tank cylinder and is used for secondary reaction of the process gas and the desulfurization liquid;
the gas-liquid separation section comprises a conical cover and an annular baffle and is used for separating liquid drops carried in the gas from the mixed reaction section;
the liquid storage tank section is used for storing the reacted desulfurization rich liquid; and
a tower seat.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the mixing reaction section comprises: the device comprises a gas-liquid mixing ejector, a high-efficiency mixer liquid receiving tank reaction cylinder, an overflow weir and overflow holes, wherein the jet flow speed of the gas-liquid mixing ejector is 10-20 m/s.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a liquid level gauge and a level control valve are mounted on an outer side wall of the reservoir section.
4. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a second desulfurization device comprising:
the first special reactor and the gas-liquid separation equipment are connected with the first desulfurization equipment through pipelines;
wherein, the lower part of the first special reactor is provided with a gas-liquid inlet mixer, and the inside of the first special reactor is provided with a first stainless steel corrugated filler.
5. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a third desulfurization device, the third desulfurization device comprising:
the second special reactor and the filler type desulfurizing tower are connected with the first desulfurizing device through pipelines;
the packed desulfurization tower is sequentially provided with a liquid storage tank section, a gas-liquid separator, a packed absorption reaction section, a liquid inlet distributor and a demister from bottom to top; and a second stainless steel corrugated packing is arranged in the second special reactor.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising a third desulfurization device, the third desulfurization device comprising:
the second special reactor and the filler type desulfurizing tower are connected with the desulfurizing equipment through pipelines;
the packed desulfurization tower is sequentially provided with a liquid storage tank section, a gas-liquid separator, a packed absorption reaction section, a liquid inlet distributor and a demister from bottom to top; and a second stainless steel corrugated packing is arranged in the second special reactor.
7. A process for desulphurisation using a sulphur-containing process gas wet desulphurisation unit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.
8. A process for desulfurization using the wet desulfurization unit of claim 4.
9. A process for desulfurization using the wet desulfurization unit of claim 5.
10. A process for desulfurization using the wet desulfurization unit of claim 6.
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