CN111754626B - Topology-based borehole geological profile modeling method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a topology-based borehole geological profile modeling method, which comprises the following steps: s1, reading drilling data; s2, judging the adjacent relation of the drilling holes; s3, calculating the maximum public subsequence; s4, calculating topology connectivity; s5, connecting topology nodes; s6, topological visualization of the drilling section. The topology-based drilling geological section modeling method disclosed by the invention is used for standardizing drilling data, can be applied to automatic analysis and modeling of various complex geological bodies, optimizes the three-dimensional coordinates of topology control nodes based on the minimum potential energy principle, remarkably improves the accuracy of geological models, realizes automatic visualization processing of drilling section topology and digital integration of geographic information, and is beneficial to further serving information management of BIM, CIM and the like, data analysis and automatic realization of three-dimensional geological modeling work compared with a traditional geological section.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological modeling, in particular to a drilling geological section modeling method based on topology.
Background
The geological section is drawn from the borehole survey results and is an important way to reflect the structure of the geologic volume. Traditional geological profile drawing requires a technician to combine professional experience to perform a large amount of manual intervention, and has strong subjectivity and low efficiency. In this regard, there have been some studies attempting to implement automated patterning functions.
CN 106846481B discloses a geological section generating method based on a kriging interpolation method, which is commonly used for three-dimensional modeling of simple lamellar geologic bodies, but is difficult to realize automatic modeling of complex geology such as lens bodies, stratum pinch-outs and the like, and a great deal of manual intervention is still required. CN 102646141B discloses an automatic mapping method for geological section of non-equal depth borehole, which only finds out the stratum with the same coding in the two borehole data and records the numbers of upper and lower interface nodes, does not perform any operation on the remaining stratum with different coding, and does not realize visualization on the recorded data, and according to the method, the geological section which is understood by the average person cannot be directly obtained.
The geologic profile topology is not a geologic profile. The geologic profile topology is more concerned about the relative relationships of nodes, arcs, and regions, as well as the connectivity of regions, than the geologic profile. The geologic profile topology of two different geologic profiles may be identical according to the principle of topological equivalence.
Because of the large uncertainty of geologic modeling analysis based on borehole exploration, it is often difficult to quantitatively evaluate which geologic profile obtained by different modeling methods is closer to the true situation without performing additional drilling operations. While topology is a discipline in studying some properties of geometry or space that remain unchanged after continuously changing shape, it only considers positional relationships between objects, regardless of their shape and size. Thus, the geologic profile topology is a more versatile and analytically valuable representation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a topology-based borehole geological section modeling method.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a topology-based borehole geologic profile modeling method, comprising the steps of,
s1, forming a drilling number sequence for drilling numbers, and constructing an orifice coordinate sequence, a drilling geological layer sequence and an address interface position sequence of each drilling;
s2, analyzing the adjacent relation of each drilling exploration point in the drilling number sequence in space by adopting a Voronoi function so as to obtain an adjacent drilling point set of each drilling point in the drilling number sequence;
s3, analyzing a geological layer sequence of a geological section of the adjacent drilling holes by adopting an LCS algorithm based on an adjacent drilling hole point set of each drilling hole point in the drilling hole number sequence, and judging the largest public subsequence so as to acquire the composition and the position of a communicating geological layer on the adjacent drilling hole section;
s4, judging the maximum public sequence of the adjacent drilling stratum character strings in the S3 to obtain a residual stratum, and checking whether the residual stratum can be communicated with the maximum public subsequence;
s5, connecting topological nodes which are adjacent to the upper surface and the lower surface of the communicated geological layer on the section of the drilling hole, adding a new control node K for the non-communicated domain, and sequentially connecting the rest topological nodes;
s6, fitting all topological curved surfaces related to the control node according to the expression of the control node in the topological network, and determining the three-dimensional coordinates of the control node on the adjacent drilling section according to the potential energy minimum principle; and visualizing the topological structure network based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the nodes, judging the vertex composition of the topological polygon of the geological body section by using a shortest path algorithm of the topological network, outputting the visualization, and filling the pattern into the geological body polygon.
Preferably, in the above scheme, in the step S3, the topology analysis of the geologic body based on the borehole data includes three basic assumptions: (1) geological layers with different codes cannot form a communicating body; (2) Any two geological layers with the same code are likely to form a communicating body; (3) When the geological section of the drill hole is constructed, the geological layers are communicated to the maximum extent.
Preferably, on the basis of the above scheme, the step S2 includes the following steps:
s21, calculating Voronoi distribution of drilling holes on an XY plane to obtain a mapping table of ridge lines and polygon vertexes of a polygon formed by all drilling points under the Voronoi distribution;
s22, rebuilding an infinite area, wherein drilling points at two sides of an infinite ridge line are P1 and P2 respectively, the known end point V2 of the ridge line, the length ratio of the newly built ridge line is r, and the lost end point of the infinite ridge line is replaced by a far point V1 on the ridge line;
s23, creating a mapping table containing all ridge lines of designated drilling points, wherein the drilling points P1 are co-located with the drilling points P2 under Voronoi distribution, the starting point of the ridge line (common edge) is V1, and the end point of the ridge line (common edge) is V2.
Preferably, based on the above scheme, the step S5 includes the following steps in detail:
s51, if i is a communication layer and i+n is a communication layer, n (H1) =1, n (H2) =1, the direct connection is satisfied, i represents a stratum with i index from top to bottom adjacent to one of the holes, and n (H1) represents a value of n in i+n at the hole number H1. The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the
S52, if i is a communication layer and the index of the next communication layer is i+n, n-1 non-communication layers exist in the middle, and when n (H1) >1, n (H2) =1, a control node is newly added at the non-communication layer at the H1 side; when n (H1) =1, n (H2) >1, a control node is added at the non-communication layer on the H2 side; when (3) n (H1) >1 and n (H2) >1, a control node is newly added at each of the non-communication layers at the H1 side and the H2 side; when n is more than 2, the number of newly added nodes is unchanged;
and S53, checking the non-communication layer between the communication layer i and the communication layer i+n according to the S4 connectivity calculation judgment result, and if the code number of the non-communication layer is the same as the code number of the communication layer i, adjusting the connection of the control nodes to form a complex communication layer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: (1) The drilling data input is standardized, and the drilling data input method can be widely applied to geological analysis of various projects; (2) The adjacency relation of all drilling points can be intelligently judged, and the geological section topology between any two adjacent drilling holes is generated; (3) The topology-based borehole geological profile analysis can be applied to the automatic analysis and modeling of various complex geologic bodies (such as lens bodies, invasive bodies and the like); (4) The method for generating the topological control nodes of the non-connected geological layer on the drilling section and the method for optimizing the three-dimensional coordinates of the topological control nodes based on the principle of the minimum potential energy are innovatively provided, so that the model precision is remarkably improved; (5) The automatic visualization processing of the drilling profile topology is realized, so that the method covers the full life cycle of drilling geological modeling analysis; (6) The established borehole geological profile adopts topological structure innovation to realize digital integration of geographic information, and can be further applied to information management and data analysis of BIM, CIM and the like; (7) The established borehole geologic profile topology is advantageous for further servicing the automated implementation of three-dimensional geologic modeling work as compared to conventional geologic profile.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a topology-based borehole geologic profile modeling method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of Voronoi subdivision of borehole plane distribution in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an actual cross-section of an engineered geology in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of drilling observations of an engineered geology in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5a is a schematic diagram of a borehole geological profile topology in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram of a borehole geologic profile topology in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a topology of a borehole geologic profile after control node coordinate correction in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7a is a schematic diagram of node connection for the first case of the self-generating algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7b is a schematic diagram of node connection for a second case of the self-generating algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7c is a schematic diagram of node connection for a third case of a self-generating algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7d is a schematic diagram of a fourth case node connection of the self-generating algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7e is a schematic diagram of a fifth case node connection of the self-generating algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8a is a schematic diagram of a first case topology connectivity correction of a self-generating algorithm in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8b is a schematic diagram of a second case topology connectivity correction of a self-generating algorithm in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9a is a schematic view of a visual output of a borehole geologic profile from a generation algorithm in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9b is a schematic view of a visual output of a borehole geologic profile from a generation algorithm in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the topology-based borehole geological section modeling method of the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, forming a drilling number sequence for drilling numbers, constructing an orifice coordinate sequence, a drilling geological layer sequence and an address interface position sequence of each drilling, and reading drilling data;
s2, judging the adjacent relation of the drilling holes, namely analyzing the adjacent relation of each drilling exploration point in the drilling number sequence in space by adopting a Voronoi function so as to obtain an adjacent drilling point set of each drilling point in the drilling number sequence;
s3, calculating a maximum public subsequence, analyzing a geological layer sequence of a geological section of the adjacent drilling hole by adopting an LCS algorithm based on an adjacent drilling hole point set of each drilling hole point in the drilling hole number sequence, and judging the maximum public subsequence so as to acquire the composition and the position of a communicated geological layer on the adjacent drilling hole section;
s4, calculating topological connectivity, namely judging the maximum public sequence of the adjacent drilling stratum character strings in the S3 to obtain a residual stratum, and checking whether the residual stratum can be communicated with the maximum public subsequence;
s5, connecting topological nodes on the upper surface and the lower surface of the communicated geological layer on the adjacent drilling section, adding a new control node K for the non-communicated domain, and sequentially connecting the rest topological nodes;
s6, topological visualization of the drilling section, namely fitting all topological curved surfaces related to the control node according to the expression of the control node in a topological network, and determining the three-dimensional coordinates of the control node on the adjacent drilling section according to the potential energy minimum principle; and visualizing the topological structure network based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the nodes, judging the vertex composition of the topological polygon of the geological body section by using a shortest path algorithm of the topological network, outputting the visualization, and filling the pattern into the geological body polygon.
Wherein in step S1, data in the borehole survey point plan is recorded in the format of Table 1, drilling observation information in the borehole histogram is recorded in the format of Table 2, and a code is added to the geological layer according to the figure number and the stratum name, wherein H1 represents a first borehole, H2 represents a second borehole, H3 represents a third borehole, and the coordinates of H1 in space are (x 1 ，y 1 ，z 1 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the H2 has a coordinate in space of (x 2 ，y 2 ，z 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the H1 has a coordinate in space of (x 3 ，y 3 ，z 3 )；
Table 1 drilling survey point number and orifice coordinates
Table 2 geological drilling observations
In step S2, due to the aliquoting characteristics of the thaisen polygon in the space division, the adjacent relation of the drilling exploration points in the space can be analyzed by using the Voronoi function, so as to obtain the adjacent drilling point distribution of any drilling point.
As shown in fig. 2, for the drilling point numbered 7, the set of adjacent drilling points is:
nbh[7]＝[8,14,13,6,1,2]
in step S3 of the present invention, the topology analysis of the geologic volume based on borehole data includes three basic assumptions: (1) geological layers with different codes cannot form a communicating body; (2) Any two geological layers with the same code are likely to form a communicating body; (3) The borehole geologic profile is constructed so that as many geologic formations as possible are in communication.
For two adjacent boreholes H1 and H2, the stratum codes are respectively arranged into character strings Str1 and Str2 in sequence, and according to the basic assumption, the maximum common subsequence LCS of the character strings Str1 and Str2 is compared, so that the number of connected domains between the adjacent boreholes can be maximized, and the basic composition of the connected geologic body composition sequence between the two boreholes is obtained.
Fig. 3 is an actual cross section of an engineering geology, and the geological body in fig. 3 is subjected to drilling survey, and the obtained observed data of the drilling hole is shown in fig. 4. The largest common subsequence determination was made for the borehole data in fig. 4, and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 maximum common subsequence of contiguous borehole formation strings
Note that: the box labeled characters are the remaining formations and further calculation of topological connectivity is required to determine if the remaining formations are unconnected bodies within the adjoining borehole section.
In step S4, the remaining strata obtained after the maximum public sequence of the character strings of the adjacent drilling strata in step S3 is determined should be checked to determine whether the remaining strata can be communicated with the maximum public subsequence, so that the number of communicating domains is unchanged, the number of non-communicating domains is reduced, and the overall connectivity of the adjacent drilling section is improved.
In step S5, the topology nodes of the upper and lower top surfaces of the connected geological layers on the adjacent borehole section are connected, a new control node K is added for the non-connected domain, and the remaining topology nodes are connected in sequence.
For the borehole data shown in fig. 4, according to step S5, the borehole geological profile topology (table 4) of the present embodiment can be obtained. Fig. 5a is a schematic diagram of the visual output of the topology in table 4, and fig. 5b is a schematic diagram of the connection sequence of the topology nodes.
Table 4 example borehole geologic profile topology table
In step S6, since the topology itself only considers the interrelationships between objects without the concept of a metric, to obtain a topology-based borehole geological profile, coordinates need to be set for all topology nodes. And determining the three-dimensional coordinates of the drilling interface point N according to the orifice coordinates and the length of the interface point from the orifice, estimating the coordinates of the control node K according to the trend of the connected domain topological node on the continuous multiple adjacent drilling sections, and calling the visualization tool to draw a graph.
As shown in fig. 6, the control node K3 refers to arc segments C14, C15 and C16, which are respectively common edges of different connected domains, and correspond to three node stack combinations of [ a, B ], [ B, C ], [ a, C ], and table 5 can be obtained according to the topological relation.
Table 5 topology table
At least three nodes are needed for fitting the three-dimensional curved surface, and a point set { N10, N1, N5, N21} of the [ A, B ] curved surface can be obtained. In this case, the condition is insufficient to determine three coordinates of the node K3, and the supplementary condition "K3 at the three-point of the adjoining section connecting direction" is added, so that three-dimensional coordinates of the node K3 on the adjoining borehole sections H3 to H4 can be obtained. The coordinates of nodes K1, K2 and K4 are similarly obtained and plotted as a borehole geological profile (FIG. 6).
In another aspect of the invention, a topology-based borehole geologic profile self-generation algorithm comprises the steps of:
s1, reading drilling data: reading the drilling numbers and the coordinates x, y and z of the holes, creating a code mapping table for all geological layer types related in drilling data, and creating a mapping table of node and interface-to-hole distances for a drilling geological layer interface;
s2, judging the adjacent relation of the drilling holes: according to the coordinates of the drilling holes, voronoi distribution is calculated for the drilling points on the XY plane, an infinite Voronoi area in the two-dimensional graph is reconstructed into a finite area, a Thiessen polygonal grid (figure 2) is formed, and then adjacent points of all the drilling points are determined;
s3, calculating the maximum common subsequence: sequentially converting geological layer distribution of each borehole into character strings, and obtaining the maximum public subsequence of the adjacent borehole geological layer character strings and the position vector of the public subsequence in the original character string by adopting an LCS algorithm;
s4, calculating topological connectivity: if a non-communication layer exists between the ith communication layer and the (i+1) th communication layer, and the geological layer code number in the non-communication layer is the same as the ith communication layer code number, marking the non-communication layer as a complex communication layer, and enabling the complex communication layer to be communicated with the jth communication layer, so that the number of communication domains is reduced, and as many geological layers as possible are communicated;
s5, connecting topology nodes: according to the position vector in S3, each node between two adjacent drilling holes is connected in sequence: if i is a communication layer and i+1 is also a communication layer, directly connecting the nodes; if i is a communication layer and the next communication layer is i+n, n-1 non-communication layers are arranged in the middle, and 1 control node needs to be added; if the complex communication layer in the S4 exists, a control node is newly added above the complex communication layer, and S5 is recursively judged below the complex communication layer;
s6, topological visualization of the drilling section: the topology is not measured per se, coordinates are needed to be added for all nodes in order to draw a topological graph, then a drilling hole and adjacent drilling holes are designated, all topological arcs related to a section of a designated drilling hole are listed, a two-dimensional coordinate vector is created for all nodes on the section, then a shortest path function is applied to find out node sets of all geological layers on the section to form the topology, and finally the geological layers are colored.
Further, S2 includes the following steps:
s21, calculating Voronoi distribution of drilling holes on an XY plane to obtain a mapping table of ridge lines and polygon vertexes of a polygon formed by all drilling points under the Voronoi distribution;
s22, rebuilding an infinite area, wherein drilling points at two sides of an infinite ridge line are P1 and P2 respectively, the ridge line is known as an endpoint V2, the length ratio of the newly built ridge line is radius, and the endpoint of the infinite ridge line lost is replaced by a far point V1 on the ridge line.
midpoint＝(P1+P2)/2；
direction＝midpoint-V2；
V1＝V2+direction*radius；
S23, creating a mapping table all_ridge containing all ridge lines of designated drilling points, wherein the drilling points P1 are shared with the drilling points P2 under the Voronoi distribution, the starting point of the ridge line (common edge) is V1, the end point is V2,
all_ridges[P1].append(P2,V1,V2)
all_ridges[P2].append(P1,V1,V2)
further, S3 includes the following steps:
s31, a character string X, the length of which is m, is counted from 1; a character string Y, the length of which is n, and counting from 1; an LCS algorithm is adopted to obtain the longest public subsequence of the character string X and the character string Y, namely LCS (X, Y) is recorded as the longest public subsequence of the character string X and the character string Y, and a dynamic programming method is adopted to know a state transition equation so as to obtain the public subsequence:
s32, using two-dimensional array Cm, n,
wherein C [ i, j ]]Recording sequence X i And Y j The length of the longest common subsequence of (a), when i=0 or j=0, the null sequence is X i And Y j So C [ i, j ]]＝0。
S33, using two-dimensional data B [ m, n ], wherein the value of B [ i, j ] marks C [ i, j ] is reached by the solution of which sub-problem. That is, the value of C [ i, j ] is obtained from which of C [ i-1, j-1] +1, C [ i-1, j ] or C [ i, j-1], and the value range is three cases of Left, top and LeftTop.
Further, S5 includes the following steps:
s51, if i is a communication layer and i+n is a communication layer, and nh1=1 and n (H2) =1 are satisfied, the nodes are directly connected. As shown in fig. 7 a.
S52, if i is a communication layer and the index of the next communication layer is i+n, n-1 non-communication layers exist in the middle, and three cases need to be discussed: (1) n (H1) >1, n (H2) =1, a control node is added at the non-communication layer on the H1 side, as shown in fig. 7 b; (2) n (H1) =1, n (H2) >1, a control node is added at the non-communication layer on the H2 side, as shown in fig. 7 c; (3) n (H1) >1, n (H2) >1, and a control node is newly added at each of the non-communication layers on the H1 and H2 sides, as shown in FIG. 7 d. When n >2, the number of newly added nodes is unchanged, as shown in FIG. 7 e.
And S53, checking the non-communication layer between the communication layer i and the communication layer i+n according to the S4 connectivity calculation judgment result (fig. 8 a), and if the code number of the non-communication layer is the same as the code number of the communication layer i, adjusting the connection of the control nodes to form a complex communication layer, as shown in fig. 8 b.
Further, S6 includes the following steps:
s61, updating topological connection lines of three-dimensional coordinates (including newly added nodes) of all nodes and original interface points of the drilling;
s62, listing all nodes and all topological lines involved in the section of the designated drilling interval;
s63, drawing a topological network diagram of a geological section of the drill hole, as shown in FIG. 9 a;
s64, acquiring a vertex set of a polygon formed by the geological layer on the section by applying a shortest path algorithm;
s65, filling or coloring the geological layer in a pattern, and drawing a borehole geological section, as shown in fig. 9 b.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications, etc. that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A topology-based borehole geological profile modeling method is characterized by comprising the following steps,
s1, forming a drilling number sequence for drilling numbers, and constructing an orifice coordinate sequence, a drilling geological layer sequence and an address interface position sequence of each drilling;
s2, analyzing the adjacent relation of each drilling exploration point in the drilling number sequence in space by adopting a Voronoi function so as to obtain an adjacent drilling point set of each drilling point in the drilling number sequence;
s2 comprises the steps of,
s21, calculating Voronoi distribution of drilling holes on an XY plane to obtain a mapping table of ridge lines and polygon vertexes of a polygon formed by all drilling points under the Voronoi distribution;
s22, rebuilding an infinite area, wherein drilling points at two sides of an infinite ridge line are P1 and P2 respectively, the known end point V2 of the ridge line, the length ratio of the newly built ridge line is radius, and the lost end point of the infinite ridge line is replaced by a far point V1 on the ridge line;
midpoint＝(P1+P2)/2；
direction＝midpoint-V2；
V1＝V2+direction*radius；
s23, creating a mapping table all_ridge containing all ridge lines of designated drilling points, wherein the drilling points P1 are co-bordered with the drilling points P2 under the Voronoi distribution, the starting point of the ridge lines is V1, the end point of the ridge lines is V2,
all_ridges[P1].append(P2，V1，V2)；
all_ridges[P2].append(P1，V1，V2)；
s3, analyzing a geological layer sequence of a geological section of the adjacent drilling holes by adopting an LCS algorithm based on an adjacent drilling hole point set of each drilling hole point in the drilling hole number sequence, and judging the largest public subsequence so as to acquire the composition and the position of a communicating geological layer on the adjacent drilling hole section;
s3 comprises the steps of,
s31, a character string X, the length of which is m, is counted from 1; a character string Y, the length of which is n, and counting from 1; an LCS algorithm is adopted to obtain the longest public subsequence of the character string X and the character string Y, namely LCS (X, Y) is recorded as the longest public subsequence of the character string X and the character string Y, and a dynamic programming method is adopted to know a state transition equation so as to obtain the public subsequence:
s32, using two-dimensional array Cm, n,
wherein C [ i, j ]]Recording sequence X i And Y j The length of the longest common subsequence of (a), when i=0 or j=0, the null sequence is X i And Y j So C [ i, j ]]＝0；
S33, using two-dimensional data B [ m, n ], wherein the value of B [ i, j ] marked with C [ i, j ] is obtained by the solution of which sub-problem, namely, C [ i, j ] is obtained by which of C [ i-1, j-1] +1 or C [ i-1, j ] or C [ i, j-1], and the value range is three cases of Left, top and LeftTop;
s4, judging the maximum public sequence of the adjacent drilling stratum character strings in the S3 to obtain a residual stratum, and checking whether the residual stratum can be communicated with the maximum public subsequence;
s5, connecting topological nodes which are adjacent to the upper surface and the lower surface of the communicated geological layer on the section of the drilling hole, adding a new control node K for the non-communicated domain, and sequentially connecting the rest topological nodes;
s6, fitting all topological curved surfaces related to the control node according to the expression of the control node in the topological network, and determining the three-dimensional coordinates of the control node on the adjacent drilling section according to the potential energy minimum principle; and visualizing the topological structure network based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the nodes, judging the vertex composition of the topological polygon of the geological body section by using a shortest path algorithm of the topological network, outputting the visualization, and filling the pattern into the geological body polygon.
2. The topology-based borehole geologic profile modeling method of claim 1, wherein in said step S3, the topology analysis of the geologic volume based on borehole data comprises three basic assumptions: (1) geological layers with different codes cannot form a communicating body; (2) Any two geological layers with the same code are likely to form a communicating body; (3) When the geological section of the drill hole is constructed, the geological layers are communicated to the maximum extent.
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