CN111751257A - Rock crack observation device and method - Google Patents
Rock crack observation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111751257A CN111751257A CN201910233763.3A CN201910233763A CN111751257A CN 111751257 A CN111751257 A CN 111751257A CN 201910233763 A CN201910233763 A CN 201910233763A CN 111751257 A CN111751257 A CN 111751257A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rock crack observation device and a method, wherein the device comprises: the object stage is used for fixing the rock sample; the magnetic field generating device is used for applying magnetic force to the rock sample; a light source for illuminating the rock sample to form a fluorescence image on a surface of the rock sample; and the imaging device is used for acquiring a fluorescence image. The method comprises the steps of coating an auxiliary observation material on the surface of one side of a rock sample, applying magnetic force to the rock sample through a magnetic field generating device, enabling the auxiliary observation material on the surface of the rock sample to emit fluorescence under the irradiation of a light source by utilizing the characteristics of fluorescence characteristics, magnetism and mobility of the coated auxiliary observation material under the action of a magnetic field, collecting a fluorescence image with crack distribution characteristics on the surface of the rock sample through an imaging device, realizing direct observation of the size and the shape of a rock crack, and providing reference basis for oil-gas geological research work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oil-gas geological exploration and development, and particularly relates to a rock crack observation device and method.
Background
Rock fractures are an important component of the rock pore system and one of the essential elements for formation evaluation. The observation and research of the cracks of the rock sample have a plurality of means and methods, and Yangming (Daqing petroleum geology and development, 6 months in 1995, mudstone cast body slice making technology) introduces the principle and method of mudstone cast body slice making. Royal jelly (natural gas industry, 9 months in 2015, quantitative characterization of shale fracture pores in Longmaxi group of the Shiwan basin lower Shiwan Chinensis) introduces the application of a high-precision electron microscope, constant-speed mercury pressing and nuclear magnetic resonance technology in rock fracture observation and identification. In addition, researchers have also studied methods for observing crack propagation and the like by using techniques such as image processing.
The patent CN201710448591.2 "a rock subcritical crack propagation visualization experiment apparatus" discloses an experiment apparatus, which includes a solution tank, a pressure head, a CCD high-speed camera, a strong light source and a waterproof diffusion screen, wherein a bearing plate is installed on the bottom surface of the inner side of the solution tank, at least four blind holes are arranged on the bearing plate, a support body is installed in each blind hole, and the CCD high-speed camera is installed in the solution tank, is matched with the strong light source and the waterproof diffusion screen, and is used for collecting dynamic rock crack propagation image information; the rock subcritical crack propagation visualization experiment device further comprises a press machine, the press machine comprises a punch and a workbench, the punch and the workbench are arranged oppositely, the press head is arranged on the punch, the solution tank is arranged on the workbench, and the press machine can be controlled to change the displacement of the press head or apply load so as to complete the water-saturated rock crack propagation experiment under different load conditions.
Patent CN201510321323.5 "a method and apparatus useful for obtaining rock fracture information", the method may include: a three-dimensional image of the interior of the rock can be obtained; the three-dimensional image may be divided into a plurality of image sub-volumes; identifying a fracture in each of the plurality of image sub-volumes; and the image sub-volumes can be combined in the original order, crack information analysis can be performed based on the identified cracks, and accurate crack information in the rock can be acquired.
The technologies have practical significance for observing rock cracks, and particularly, the cast body slice technology is widely applied due to the intuitive characteristic. However, with the advance of shale oil-gas exploration, shale has become one of the hot spots of research, and in the past, a method for observing pores and cracks by injecting epoxy resin, curing agent and coloring agent into a rock sample by means of a casting technology is adopted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to better meet the requirements of oil and gas geological research work, a device and a method capable of directly observing the size and the shape of a rock crack are provided.
In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rock fracture observing apparatus including:
an object stage for securing a rock sample;
a magnetic field generating device for applying a magnetic force to the rock sample;
a light source for illuminating the rock sample to form a fluorescence image at a surface of the rock sample;
an imaging device for acquiring the fluorescence image.
Preferably, the stage holds the rock sample in a horizontal direction;
the magnetic field generating device is arranged below the objective table and used for generating magnetic force in the vertical direction;
the light source is arranged above the objective table and used for irradiating the upper surface of the rock sample;
the imaging device is arranged above the objective table and used for collecting a fluorescence image formed on the upper surface of the rock sample.
Preferably, the fluorescence imaging device further comprises a computer, wherein the computer is connected with the imaging device and is used for displaying and storing the fluorescence image.
Preferably, the light source is an ultraviolet light source.
Preferably, the objective table includes first clamping part and the second clamping part of relative setting, the medial surface of first clamping part with the medial surface of second clamping part all is equipped with the recess, the recess is used for the centre gripping the rock specimen.
According to another aspect of the invention, a rock fracture observation method is provided, the method comprising the following steps:
coating an auxiliary observation material on the surface of one side of the rock sample, and fixing the rock sample on the objective table;
starting a magnetic field generating device, and applying magnetic force to the rock sample so as to enable the auxiliary observation material to permeate from the surface of one side of the rock sample to the surface of the other side of the rock sample;
turning on a light source to irradiate the other side surface of the rock sample to form a fluorescence image on the other side surface;
the fluorescence image is collected.
Preferably, the auxiliary viewing material has fluorescence, magnetism and fluidity.
Preferably, the auxiliary viewing material comprises a carbon quantum dot magnetic nanocomposite material.
Preferably, the object stage comprises a first clamping part and a second clamping part which are arranged oppositely, grooves are formed in the inner side surface of the first clamping part and the inner side surface of the second clamping part, and the grooves are used for clamping the rock sample;
the observation method further comprises: and processing the rock sample into a sheet shape, wherein the thickness of the rock sample is less than the height of the groove.
Preferably, the object stage fixes the rock sample along a horizontal direction, the magnetic field generating device is arranged below the object stage, and the light source and the imaging device are arranged above the object stage; the auxiliary observation material is coated on the lower surface of the rock sample.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the method comprises the steps of coating an auxiliary observation material on the surface of one side of a rock sample, applying magnetic force to the rock sample through a magnetic field generating device, enabling the auxiliary observation material on the surface of the rock sample to emit fluorescence under the irradiation of a light source by utilizing the characteristics of fluorescence characteristics, magnetism and mobility of the coated auxiliary observation material under the action of a magnetic field, collecting a fluorescence image with crack distribution characteristics on the surface of the rock sample through an imaging device, realizing direct observation of the size and the shape of a rock crack, and providing reference basis for oil-gas geological research work.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings. Wherein like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a rock fracture observation apparatus in one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of a rock fracture observation method in an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. an object stage; 2. sampling rock; 3. auxiliary observation materials; 4. a magnetic field generating device; 5. a light source; 6. an imaging device; 7. a computer; 8. a first clamping portion; 9. a second clamping portion.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a rock fracture observation apparatus, including:
the object stage is used for fixing the rock sample; the magnetic field generating device is used for applying magnetic force to the rock sample; a light source for illuminating the rock sample to form a fluorescence image on a surface of the rock sample; and the imaging device is used for acquiring a fluorescence image.
The objective table is used for placing a rock sample to be observed, an auxiliary observation material is smeared on one side of the rock sample, magnetic force is applied to the rock sample through the magnetic field generating device, the characteristics of fluorescence characteristic and magnetism and fluidity of the auxiliary observation material are utilized, the auxiliary observation material penetrates through a crack of the rock sample under the action of the magnetic force, one side of the auxiliary observation material smeared from the rock sample permeates to the other side, the auxiliary observation material on the surface of the rock sample emits fluorescence under the irradiation of a light source based on the fluorescence characteristic of the auxiliary observation material, a fluorescence image with crack distribution characteristics is collected on the surface of the rock sample through the imaging device, the fluorescence image is directly observed, and the distribution condition of the cracks of the rock sample can be researched.
As a preferred scheme, the object stage fixes the rock sample along the horizontal direction; the magnetic field generating device is arranged below the objective table and used for generating magnetic force in the vertical direction; the light source is arranged above the objective table and used for irradiating the upper surface of the rock sample; the imaging device is arranged above the objective table and used for collecting a fluorescence image formed on the upper surface of the rock sample.
As an example, the object stage is used for placing a rock sample to be observed, before observation, a composite material is coated on one side of the rock sample, one side coated with the composite material faces downwards, the magnetic field generating device is arranged below the rock sample, the generated magnetic force faces upwards, so that the composite material permeates into the rock sample and is exposed along a crack on the other side of the rock sample, the exposed auxiliary observation material emits fluorescence under the excitation of a light source with a certain wavelength, observation and analysis are carried out through a fluorescence image, and the distribution condition of the crack of the rock sample is researched.
The rock sample fracture analysis system comprises a rock sample fracture analysis device, an imaging device, a computer and a computer, wherein the imaging device is used for imaging the rock sample fracture analysis device, the computer is connected with the imaging device and used for displaying and storing a fluorescence image, the fluorescence image formed on the rock sample is collected through the imaging device and stored in the computer, and the computer is used for displaying and processing the fluorescence image to realize analysis of the rock sample fracture distribution.
Preferably, the light source is an ultraviolet light source capable of radiating ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 365.0 nm.
As preferred scheme, the objective table includes relative first clamping part and the second clamping part that sets up, the medial surface of first clamping part and the medial surface of second clamping part all are equipped with the recess, the recess is used for the centre gripping rock specimen, the both sides surface that makes the rock specimen does not have the exposure that shelters from between imaging device and magnetic field generating device, the crack of rock specimen is permeated through in the magnetic field of being convenient for, act on the supplementary observation material of rock specimen one side, imaging device gathers the fluorescence image that supplementary observation material formed that permeates the rock specimen crack at the opposite side simultaneously.
According to another aspect of the invention, a rock fracture observation method is provided, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: coating an auxiliary observation material on the surface of one side of the rock sample, and fixing the rock sample on an objective table;
as preferred scheme, the objective table includes relative first clamping part and the second clamping part that sets up, and the medial surface of first clamping part and the medial surface of second clamping part all are equipped with the recess, and the recess is used for the centre gripping rock specimen, and the observation method still includes: processing the rock sample into sheets, wherein the thickness of the rock sample is smaller than the height of the groove, so that the surfaces of the two sides of the rock sample are exposed between the imaging device and the magnetic field generating device without shielding, the magnetic field can conveniently penetrate through the cracks of the rock sample and act on the auxiliary observation material on one side of the rock sample, and meanwhile, the imaging device collects the fluorescence images formed by the auxiliary observation material penetrating through the cracks of the rock sample on the other side.
As a preferred scheme, the objective table fixes the rock sample along the horizontal direction, the magnetic field generating device is arranged below the objective table, and the light source and the imaging device are arranged above the objective table; the auxiliary observation material is coated on the lower surface of the rock sample.
In one example, first, the rock sample is processed into a slice, the thickness of which is slightly smaller than the groove height of the first clamping part and the second clamping part of the objective table; and then coating an auxiliary observation material on one side of the rock sample, horizontally fixing the rock sample in the grooves of the first clamping part and the second clamping part of the objective table, wherein the side coated with the auxiliary observation material faces downwards.
Step 2: starting a magnetic field generating device, and applying magnetic force to the rock sample so as to enable the auxiliary observation material to permeate from one side surface of the rock sample to the other side surface;
in one example, the plane of the rock sample on the object stage is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic force line of the magnetic field, and the auxiliary observation material penetrates from one side of the rock sample coated with the auxiliary observation material to the other side of the rock sample through the crack of the rock sample under the action of the magnetic force.
In one example, when the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic field generating device is adjusted to be larger and smaller, a series of fluorescence images are obtained, and the difference of the fluorescence images reflects the size of the crack and the distribution characteristic information of the crack.
And step 3: starting a light source, and irradiating the other side surface of the rock sample to form a fluorescence image on the other side surface; a fluorescence image is collected.
In one example, when fluorescence is found in the field of view, it is indicated that the crack penetrating the rock sample penetrates from one side of the rock sample coated with the auxiliary viewing material to the other side of the rock sample under the action of magnetic force and generates a fluorescence image until the distribution of fluorescence is consistent with the distribution of the crack.
And 4, step 4: and collecting a fluorescence image formed on the other side surface.
In one example, the auxiliary observation material penetrating through the rock sample cracks generates fluorescence under the irradiation of a light source with a certain wavelength, a fluorescence image formed on the rock sample is collected through an imaging device and stored in a computer, and the distribution of the rock sample cracks is analyzed through the display and processing of the fluorescence image.
Preferably, the auxiliary observation material has fluorescence, magnetism and fluidity, and the auxiliary observation material is used as an observation medium, and the fluorescence, magnetism, fine particles (particles are in the order of nanometers) and fluidity of the auxiliary observation material are fully utilized, so that the auxiliary observation material penetrates through the cracks of the rock sample under the action of magnetic force, moves from one side of the rock sample to the other side of the rock sample, and the auxiliary observation material irradiates a fluorescence image of the auxiliary observation material penetrating through the cracks of the rock sample through the light source.
Preferably, the auxiliary observation material comprises a carbon quantum dot magnetic nanocomposite material.
The carbon quantum dot magnetic nano composite material is prepared by modifying nano Fe through Poly Dopamine (PDA)3O4The particles are connected with carbon quantum dots CQDS to form the multifunctional composite microsphere Fe3O4The composite microsphere has the nanometer diameter, fluorescent characteristic, magnetism and fluidity. The fluorescence characteristic of the fluorescent dye depends on the carbon quantum dot CQDS, and compared with the traditional fluorescent dye, the fluorescent dye has the advantages of wide excitation spectrum, fluorescence intensity and stability which are about 100 times of those of the common fluorescent dye, is easy to detect, and is suitable for rock crack observation.
Example 1
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a rock fracture observation apparatus in one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment provides a rock fracture observation device, including:
the object stage 1 is used for fixing the rock sample 2; a magnetic field generating device 4, the magnetic field generating device 4 is used for applying magnetic force to the rock sample 2; a light source 5, the light source 5 being for illuminating the rock sample 2 to form a fluorescence image at a surface of the rock sample 2; and the imaging device 6 is used for acquiring a fluorescence image by the imaging device 6.
The objective table 1 fixes the rock sample 2 along the horizontal direction; the magnetic field generating device 4 is arranged below the objective table 1 and used for generating magnetic force in the vertical direction; the light source 5 is arranged above the objective table 1 and used for irradiating the upper surface of the rock sample 2; the imaging device 6 is arranged above the object stage 1 and is used for collecting a fluorescence image formed on the upper surface of the rock sample 2.
The rock fracture observation device further comprises a computer 7, and the computer 7 is connected with the imaging device 7 and used for displaying and storing the fluorescence image. The light source 5 is an ultraviolet light source. Objective table 1 includes relative first clamping part 8 and the second clamping part 9 that sets up, and the medial surface of first clamping part 8 and the medial surface of second clamping part 9 all are equipped with the recess, and the recess is used for centre gripping rock specimen 2.
Example 2
Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of a rock fracture observation method in an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment provides a rock fracture observation method, including the steps of:
step 1: objective table 1 includes relative first clamping part 8 and the second clamping part 9 that sets up, and the medial surface of first clamping part 8 and the medial surface of second clamping part 9 all are equipped with the recess, and the recess is used for centre gripping rock specimen 2. And processing the rock sample 2 into a sheet shape, wherein the thickness of the rock sample 2 is less than the height of the groove.
Step 2: an auxiliary observation material 3 is coated on one side surface of the rock sample 2, and the rock sample 2 is fixed on the objective table 1.
The objective table 1 fixes the rock sample 2 along the horizontal direction, the magnetic field generating device 4 is arranged below the objective table 1, and the light source 5 and the imaging device 6 are arranged above the objective table 1; the auxiliary observation material 3 is coated on the lower surface of the rock sample 2, and the auxiliary observation material 3 comprises a carbon quantum dot magnetic nano composite material which has fluorescence, magnetism and fluidity.
And step 3: starting the magnetic field generating device 4, and applying magnetic force to the rock sample 2 to enable the auxiliary observation material 3 to permeate from one side surface of the rock sample 2 to the other side surface;
and 4, step 4: turning on the light source 5 to irradiate the other side surface of the rock sample 2 to form fluorescence on the other side surface; when fluorescence exists in the visual field, the fact that the auxiliary observation material 3 penetrates through the cracks of the rock sample 2 under the action of magnetic force is shown, the auxiliary observation material is coated on one side and penetrates to the other side of the rock sample 2, fluorescence is generated, the distribution of the fluorescence is consistent with that of the cracks, and the imaging device 6 collects fluorescence images.
When the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic field generating device 4 is adjusted to be changed from small to large, a series of fluorescence images can be obtained, and the difference of the fluorescence images reflects the size of the cracks of the rock sample 2 and the spreading characteristic information of the cracks.
And 5: the fluorescence image formed on the rock sample 2 is collected by the imaging device 6 and stored in the computer 7, and the fracture distribution condition of the rock sample 2 is analyzed through the display and processing of the fluorescence image.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. A rock fracture observation apparatus, comprising:
an object stage for securing a rock sample;
a magnetic field generating device for applying a magnetic force to the rock sample;
a light source for illuminating the rock sample to form a fluorescence image at a surface of the rock sample;
an imaging device for acquiring the fluorescence image.
2. A rock fracture observation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the stage holds the rock sample in a horizontal direction;
the magnetic field generating device is arranged below the objective table and used for generating magnetic force in the vertical direction;
the light source is arranged above the objective table and used for irradiating the upper surface of the rock sample;
the imaging device is arranged above the objective table and used for collecting a fluorescence image formed on the upper surface of the rock sample.
3. A rock fracture viewing apparatus as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a computer connected to the imaging device for displaying and storing the fluorescence image.
4. A rock fracture viewing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light source is an ultraviolet light source.
5. The rock fracture observation device of claim 1, wherein the stage comprises a first clamping portion and a second clamping portion which are arranged oppositely, and grooves are formed in the inner side surface of the first clamping portion and the inner side surface of the second clamping portion and used for clamping the rock sample.
6. A rock fracture observation method using the rock fracture observation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the steps of:
coating an auxiliary observation material on the surface of one side of the rock sample, and fixing the rock sample on the objective table;
starting a magnetic field generating device, and applying magnetic force to the rock sample so as to enable the auxiliary observation material to permeate from the surface of one side of the rock sample to the surface of the other side of the rock sample;
turning on a light source to irradiate the other side surface of the rock sample to form a fluorescence image on the other side surface;
the fluorescence image is collected.
7. A rock fracture observation method according to claim 6, wherein the auxiliary observation material has fluorescence, magnetism and fluidity.
8. A rock fracture observation method according to claim 7, wherein the auxiliary observation material comprises a carbon quantum dot magnetic nanocomposite material.
9. The rock fracture observation method according to claim 6, wherein the stage comprises a first clamping portion and a second clamping portion which are arranged oppositely, and grooves are formed in the inner side surface of the first clamping portion and the inner side surface of the second clamping portion and used for clamping the rock sample;
the observation method further comprises: and processing the rock sample into a sheet shape, wherein the thickness of the rock sample is less than the height of the groove.
10. A rock fracture observation method according to claim 6, wherein the stage holds the rock sample in a horizontal direction, the magnetic field generating device is provided below the stage, and the light source and the imaging device are provided above the stage; the auxiliary observation material is coated on the lower surface of the rock sample.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113176238A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-27 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Magnetic imaging device based on diamond film |
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