CN111751077B - Method for improving solid particle following performance of hypersonic flow field - Google Patents
Method for improving solid particle following performance of hypersonic flow field Download PDFInfo
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- CN111751077B CN111751077B CN202010660063.5A CN202010660063A CN111751077B CN 111751077 B CN111751077 B CN 111751077B CN 202010660063 A CN202010660063 A CN 202010660063A CN 111751077 B CN111751077 B CN 111751077B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
- G01M9/065—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing dealing with flow
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the following performance of solid particles in a hypersonic flow field. The method comprises the following steps: a. adding solid particles into a storage chamber of a broadcasting device; b. high-pressure gas enters from a gas inlet of the broadcasting device and is mixed with solid particles in the storage chamber through gas holes of the hole columns of the storage chamber to obtain high-speed gas I with the solid particles; c. the high-speed gas I enters a mixing chamber through the filtering holes of the filtering plate and is further mixed in the mixing chamber to obtain high-speed gas II with solid particles; d. and the high-speed gas II enters the hypersonic wind tunnel through an outlet nozzle of the spreading device through an air inlet pipeline. The method for improving the follow-up property of the solid particles in the hypersonic velocity flow field can weaken the agglomeration effect of the solid particles, improve the mixing nonuniformity of the solid particles and high-pressure gas, meet the follow-up property requirement of image speed measurement of the hypersonic velocity particles, and has important significance for the development of the measurement of the test speed field of the hypersonic velocity wind tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hypersonic wind tunnel tests, and particularly relates to a method for improving follow-up property of solid particles in a hypersonic flow field.
Background
As a non-contact and high-accuracy flow field velocity field testing technique, the particle image measurement technique has been developed as a mainstream testing means for velocity field measurement in wind tunnel tests.
In 2007, m.raffel, c.e.willert, s.t.werelety and j.k.kompenhans disclose a solid Particle broadcasting device in the book "Particle Image characterization-a Practical Guide" (second edition), the Particle size of the solid particles used by the solid Particle broadcasting device is large, and the Particle size of the solid particles can meet the following requirement of a high-speed wind tunnel flow field, but the following requirement of a hypersonic wind tunnel flow field is difficult to achieve. Therefore, the solid particle spreading device cannot be used for hypersonic wind tunnel tests.
Because the solid particles have the characteristics of high scattered light intensity and the like, when the particle image velocimetry technology is applied to a hypersonic wind tunnel test, the solid particles with smaller particle sizes are generally adopted, but the solid particles with smaller particle sizes also have the defects of particle agglomeration and insufficient uniform mixing, and the requirement of the solid particles on the follow-up property of a hypersonic flow field is difficult to meet.
Currently, there is a need to develop a method for improving the solid particle following performance of a hypersonic flow field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the follow-up property of solid particles in a hypersonic flow field.
The invention relates to a method for improving the solid particle following performance of a hypersonic flow field, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the solid particle broadcasting device used in the method is integrally cylindrical, the cavity is cylindrical, the top of the cavity is provided with an upper cover plate, the bottom of the cavity is provided with a lower cover plate, and the lower part of the cavity is provided with a filter plate for partition; the cavity between the upper cover plate and the filter plate is a mixing chamber, and the cavity between the lower cover plate and the filter plate is a storage chamber; a through hole I is formed in the center of the upper cover plate and is communicated with an outlet nozzle fixed on the upper surface of the upper cover plate; a through hole II is formed in the center of the lower cover plate, a hole column is fixed on the upper surface of the lower cover plate, the hole column is a cylinder with a closed top surface and an open bottom surface, and the through hole II is communicated with the open bottom surface of the hole column;
the through hole II is an air inlet, and the through hole I is an air outlet;
a conical through hole I with a small upper hole diameter and a large lower hole diameter is formed in the outlet nozzle;
the filter plate is provided with an array of filter holes, and the side wall of the pore column is provided with an array of air holes;
the method comprises the following steps:
a. opening the lower cover plate, adding solid particles into the storage chamber, and fixing the lower cover plate;
b. high-pressure gas enters from a gas inlet of the device and is mixed with solid particles in the storage chamber through gas holes of the pore column to obtain high-speed gas I with the solid particles;
c. the high-speed gas I enters a mixing chamber through the filtering holes of the filtering plate and is further mixed in the mixing chamber to obtain high-speed gas II with solid particles;
d. and the high-speed gas II enters the hypersonic wind tunnel through the outlet nozzle and the air inlet pipeline.
Further, the pressure range of the high-pressure gas is 5MPa to 10 MPa.
Further, the nominal particle size of the solid particles is 20 nm-100 nm.
Further, the height of the hole column is 0.05-0.08 times of the height of the cavity.
Further, the ratio of the aperture of the top of the outlet nozzle to the aperture of the bottom of the outlet nozzle is (0.6-0.8): 1, the ratio of the aperture at the bottom of the outlet nozzle to the inner diameter of the cavity is 1: (8-12).
Further, the outlet nozzle can be replaced by a convergent section of a laval nozzle.
Further, the height of the mixing chamber is 0.6-0.8 times of the height of the cavity.
Further, the ratio of the inner diameter of the mixing chamber to the diameter of the through hole II is (3-6): 1.
furthermore, the filtering holes are conical through holes II with small upper hole diameters and large lower hole diameters.
The filtering holes of the filtering plate of the solid particle broadcasting device used in the method for improving the solid particle following performance of the hypersonic flow field are conical through holes, large pressure difference exists below and above the filtering plate, the speed of airflow passing through the filtering holes is large, and the airflow has large impact force and can primarily agglomerate and break solid particles; the sonic outlet generated by the conical through hole of the outlet nozzle can further break up the solid particle agglomeration.
The air hole array on the side wall of the hole column of the solid particle spreading device used in the method for improving the solid particle following performance of the hypersonic velocity flow field can enable high-pressure gas to uniformly flow into the storage chamber and be fully mixed with the solid particles in the storage chamber.
The method for improving the follow-up property of the solid particles in the hypersonic velocity flow field can weaken the agglomeration effect of the solid particles, improve the mixing nonuniformity of the solid particles and high-pressure gas, meet the follow-up property requirement of image speed measurement of the hypersonic velocity particles, and has important significance for the development of the measurement of the test speed field of the hypersonic velocity wind tunnel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a solid particle spreading device used in the method for improving the solid particle following performance of a hypersonic flow field according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a filter plate of a solid particle spreading device used in the method for improving the solid particle following performance of a hypersonic flow field according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a hole column of a solid particle spreading device used in the method for improving solid particle following performance of a hypersonic flow field according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of an outlet nozzle of a solid particle spreading device used in the method for improving the solid particle following performance of a hypersonic velocity flow field according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a diagram of the measurement result of the hypersonic velocity flow field obtained by using the solid particle spreading device for hypersonic velocity particle image velocimetry of the invention.
In the figure, 1, a cavity 2, a hole column 3, a filter plate 4, an outlet nozzle 5, a storage chamber 6, a mixing chamber 7, an air hole 8, a filter hole 9, an upper cover plate 10 and a lower cover plate are arranged.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the solid particle spreading device used in the method for improving the following performance of solid particles in a hypersonic flow field of the present invention is a cylindrical body as a whole, the cavity 1 is a cylinder, the top of the cavity 1 is provided with an upper cover plate 9, the bottom of the cavity 1 is provided with a lower cover plate 10, and the lower part of the cavity 1 is provided with a filter plate 3 for partition as shown in fig. 2; the cavity between the upper cover plate 9 and the filter plate 3 is a mixing chamber 6, and the cavity between the lower cover plate 10 and the filter plate 3 is a storage chamber 5; a through hole I is formed in the center of the upper cover plate 9 and is communicated with an outlet nozzle 4 fixed on the upper surface of the upper cover plate 9; the center of the lower cover plate 10 is provided with a through hole II, the upper surface of the lower cover plate 10 is fixed with a hole column 2 shown in figure 3, the hole column 2 is a cylinder with a closed top surface and an open bottom surface, and the through hole II is communicated with the open bottom surface of the hole column 2;
the through hole II is an air inlet, and the through hole I is an air outlet;
as shown in fig. 4, a conical through hole i with a small hole diameter at the top and a big hole at the bottom is formed in the outlet nozzle 4;
the filter plate 3 is provided with an array of filter holes 8, and the side wall of the pore column 2 is provided with an array of air holes 7;
the method comprises the following steps:
a. opening the lower cover plate 10, adding solid particles into the storage chamber 5, and fixing the lower cover plate 10;
b. high-pressure gas enters from a gas inlet of the device and is mixed with solid particles in the storage chamber 5 through the gas holes 7 of the pore column 2 to obtain high-speed gas I with the solid particles;
c. the high-speed gas I enters a mixing chamber 6 through a filter hole 8 of a filter plate 3, and is further mixed in the mixing chamber 6 to obtain a high-speed gas II with solid particles;
d. and the high-speed gas II enters the hypersonic wind tunnel through the outlet nozzle 4 through the air inlet pipeline.
Further, the pressure range of the high-pressure gas is 5MPa to 10 MPa.
Further, the nominal particle size of the solid particles is 20 nm-100 nm.
Further, the height of the hole column 2 is 0.05-0.08 times of the height of the cavity 1.
Further, the ratio of the aperture of the top of the outlet nozzle 4 to the aperture of the bottom is (0.6-0.8): 1, the ratio of the aperture at the bottom of the outlet nozzle 4 to the inner diameter of the cavity 1 is 1: (8-12).
Further, the outlet nozzle 4 may be replaced by a convergent section of a laval nozzle.
Further, the height of the mixing chamber 6 is 0.6-0.8 times of the height of the cavity 1.
Further, the ratio of the inner diameter of the mixing chamber 6 to the diameter of the through hole II is (3-6): 1.
furthermore, the filtering holes 8 are conical through holes II with small upper hole diameters and large lower hole diameters.
Example 1
The inner diameter of the hole column 2 in the embodiment is 50mm, the outer diameter is 60mm, and the height is 105 mm; the diameter of the air holes 7 of the side wall is 2mm, each row is 18, 30 rows are arranged along the circumferential direction, and the total number is 540.
The diameter of the filter plate 3 in this embodiment is 200mm, and the distance between the lower surface of the filter plate 3 and the upper surface of the lower cover plate 10 is 200 mm. 201 filter holes 8 are annularly arrayed on the filter plate 3, wherein the aperture of the bottom of the filter hole 8 positioned in the center is 4mm, and the aperture of the top is 3 mm; the sizes of the other 200 filtering holes 8 are consistent, the aperture of the bottom is 3mm, and the aperture of the top is 2 mm.
The height of the mixing chamber 6 is 600mm, and the inner diameter and the outer diameter are respectively 200mm and 220 mm; the aperture at the bottom of the outlet nozzle 4 is 14mm and the aperture at the top is 10 mm.
The FD-20 hypersonic wind tunnel at the center of research and development of aerodynamic force in China utilizes a 36-degree wedge to carry out a verification test of the solid particle broadcasting device for hypersonic particle image velocity measurement, the number of incoming flow Mach is 5, the total temperature is 375K, the total pressure is 0.5MPa, and the measurement result of a flow field is shown in figure 5. The solid particle broadcasting device for measuring the speed of the hypersonic particle image provided by the invention measures the main flow speed of 791.94m/s, and the error from the theoretically calculated main flow speed of 792.35m/s is 0.05%, thus the solid particle broadcasting device for measuring the speed of the hypersonic particle image provided by the invention meets the following requirement of the hypersonic particle image speed measurement.
Claims (6)
1. A method for improving the solid particle following performance of a hypersonic flow field is characterized by comprising the following steps: the solid particle broadcasting device used in the method is integrally cylindrical, the cavity (1) is cylindrical, the top of the cavity (1) is provided with an upper cover plate (9), the bottom of the cavity (1) is provided with a lower cover plate (10), and the lower part of the cavity (1) is provided with a filter plate (3) for partition; a mixing chamber (6) is arranged in a cavity between the upper cover plate (9) and the filter plate (3), and a storage chamber (5) is arranged in a cavity between the lower cover plate (10) and the filter plate (3); a through hole I is formed in the center of the upper cover plate (9) and is communicated with an outlet nozzle (4) fixed on the upper surface of the upper cover plate (9); a through hole II is formed in the center of the lower cover plate (10), a hole column (2) is fixed on the upper surface of the lower cover plate (10), the hole column (2) is a cylinder with a closed top surface and an open bottom surface, and the through hole II is communicated with the open bottom surface of the hole column (2);
the through hole II is an air inlet, and the through hole I is an air outlet;
a conical through hole I with a small upper hole diameter and a large lower hole diameter is formed in the outlet nozzle (4);
the filter plate (3) is provided with an array of filter holes (8), and the side wall of the pore column (2) is provided with an array of air holes (7);
the method comprises the following steps:
a. opening the lower cover plate (10), adding solid particles into the storage chamber (5), and fixing the lower cover plate (10);
b. high-pressure gas enters from a gas inlet of the device and is mixed with solid particles in the storage chamber (5) through gas holes (7) of the porous column (2) to obtain high-speed gas I with the solid particles;
c. the high-speed gas I enters a mixing chamber (6) through filter holes (8) of a filter plate (3) and is further mixed in the mixing chamber (6) to obtain high-speed gas II with solid particles;
d. the high-speed gas II enters the hypersonic wind tunnel through an outlet nozzle (4) through an air inlet pipeline;
the pressure range of the high-pressure gas is 5MPa to 10 MPa; the nominal particle size of the solid particles is 20 nm-100 nm; the filtering holes (8) are conical through holes II with small upper hole diameters and large lower hole diameters.
2. The method for improving the solid particle followability of the hypersonic flow field according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the hole column (2) is 0.05-0.08 times of the height of the cavity (1).
3. The method for improving the solid particle followability of the hypersonic flow field according to claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the aperture of the top of the outlet nozzle (4) to the aperture of the bottom is (0.6-0.8): 1, the ratio of the aperture of the bottom of the outlet nozzle (4) to the inner diameter of the cavity (1) is 1: (8-12).
4. The method for improving the solid particle followability of the hypersonic flow field according to claim 1, wherein: the outlet nozzle (4) is replaced by a contraction section of a Laval nozzle.
5. The method for improving the solid particle followability of the hypersonic flow field according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the mixing chamber (6) is 0.6-0.8 times of the height of the cavity (1).
6. The method for improving the solid particle followability of the hypersonic flow field according to claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the inner diameter of the mixing chamber (6) to the diameter of the through hole II is (3-6): 1.
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| CN113847597B (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2023-10-10 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Gas fuel premixing cyclone particle generating device |
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