CN111750695A - Dew point evaporation tube type cooling tower - Google Patents

Dew point evaporation tube type cooling tower Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111750695A
CN111750695A CN202010717979.XA CN202010717979A CN111750695A CN 111750695 A CN111750695 A CN 111750695A CN 202010717979 A CN202010717979 A CN 202010717979A CN 111750695 A CN111750695 A CN 111750695A
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Prior art keywords
heat exchange
air
cooling tower
tube
pressure drop
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CN202010717979.XA
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CN111750695B (en
Inventor
张知翔
徐党旗
车宏伟
邹小刚
李楠
周飞
薛宁
姬海民
申冀康
李文锋
董方奇
任锐
徐梦茜
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Xian Xire Boiler Environmental Protection Engineering Co Ltd
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Xian Xire Boiler Environmental Protection Engineering Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
    • F28C1/14—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers comprising also a non-direct contact heat exchange
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
    • F28F25/08—Splashing boards or grids, e.g. for converting liquid sprays into liquid films; Elements or beds for increasing the area of the contact surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F28F25/10—Component parts of trickle coolers for feeding gas or vapour

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a dew point evaporation tube type cooling tower which comprises a cooling tower body, an air blower, a spraying system, a packing layer, a heat exchanger and a bottom water pool, wherein the spraying system, the packing layer, the heat exchanger and the bottom water pool are arranged in the cooling tower body and are sequentially distributed from top to bottom; the top of cooling tower body is provided with gas outlet, and the heat exchanger includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes, wherein, has all seted up the wind hole on each heat exchange tube, and the air-blower is linked together with the entry of heat exchange tube, and this cooling tower can realize tubular dew point evaporation mode, can realize precooling and the grading of air, reduces the fan energy consumption, and the security and the economic nature of system are higher.

Description

Dew point evaporation tube type cooling tower
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cooling towers, and relates to a dew point evaporation tube type cooling tower.
Background
Cooling towers are widely used in various industries and function to cool hot water into cold water for industrial or air conditioning use by ambient air. The cooling tower is divided into a natural circulation cooling tower and a mechanical cooling tower, the natural cooling tower is generally applied to large-scale equipment such as industry and power plants, and cooling air enters the cooling tower through natural circulation of air. The mechanical cooling tower is applied to small-sized equipment, and cooling air is forcibly fed into the cooling tower by using a fan. At present, the packing in the cooling tower is mainly corrugated plates, so that the contact area of air and water can be increased, the contact time can be increased, and the heat exchange capacity of the cooling tower is greatly enhanced.
However, the limit value of the temperature of cold water at the outlet of the packed tower type cooling tower is the wet bulb temperature of ambient air, and the temperature of the cold water at the outlet is generally 5-10 ℃ higher than the wet bulb temperature of the ambient air, so that the temperature of cold water supply in summer is higher. The dew point evaporative cooling tower can break through the wet bulb temperature of the ambient air, and the limit value of the temperature of the outlet cold water is reduced to the dew point temperature of the ambient air, so that a new direction is provided for the efficiency improvement of the cooling tower. At present, the existing dew point evaporative cooling tower is mainly divided into a tube type and a plate type, and the tube type is commonly used for air and water media. However, the resistance of the existing tubular dew point evaporative cooling tower is high, the energy consumption of a fan is high, and air classification cannot be realized, so that the temperature of outlet cooling water is in a further reduced space.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a dew point evaporation tube type cooling tower which can realize a tube type dew point evaporation mode, precool and classify air, reduce the energy consumption of a fan and has higher system safety and economical efficiency
In order to achieve the purpose, the dew point evaporation tube type cooling tower comprises a cooling tower body, an air blower, a spraying system, a packing layer, a heat exchanger and a bottom water pool, wherein the spraying system, the packing layer, the heat exchanger and the bottom water pool are arranged in the cooling tower body and are sequentially distributed from top to bottom;
the top of cooling tower body is provided with the gas outlet, and the heat exchanger includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes, wherein, all has seted up the wind hole on each heat exchange tube, and the air-blower is linked together with the entry of heat exchange tube.
The heat exchange tubes are arranged in a row or staggered.
Each heat exchange pipe is divided into a plurality of groups from top to bottom, wherein the diameters of the heat exchange pipes in each group are different, and the diameters of the air holes in the heat exchange pipes in each group are different.
From top to bottom, the diameter of each group of heat exchange pipes is gradually increased, and the diameter of the air inlet of each group of heat exchange pipes is gradually increased.
The air holes are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the heat exchange tube.
The spraying system comprises a spraying main pipeline and a plurality of spraying branch pipelines communicated with the spraying main pipeline, and spraying holes are formed in the spraying branch pipelines.
The spraying holes are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the spraying branch pipeline.
When the cooling tower works, cold air output by the air blower enters the heat exchange tubes and is discharged through the air holes, hot water is sprayed out by the spraying system and falls downwards, enters the spaces among the heat exchange tubes through the packing layer, the cold air is contacted with the hot water to become hot and humid air, the hot and humid air passes through the packing layer and is discharged from the top outlet of the cooling tower body, and the hot water falls into a bottom water pool and becomes cold water.
V. theHole(s)The wind speed v of cold air passing through the wind holePipeThe wind speed of cold air in the heat exchange tube is
vHole(s)＝vPipe
Figure BDA0002598914760000031
Wherein Q is the amount of cold air, a is the number of heat exchange tubes, and D is the diameter of the heat exchange tubes;
Figure BDA0002598914760000032
wherein b is the number of air holes on a single heat exchange tube, and d is the diameter of the air holes;
the air quantity in each heat exchange pipe is the same, namely the pressure drop of the cold air in each heat exchange pipe is the same;
ΔP＝ΔP1＝ΔP2＝…＝ΔPn
where Δ P is the pressure drop of the cold air, Δ P1For the pressure drop, Δ P, of the cold air passing through the lowermost heat exchange tubes2Pressure drop, Δ P, of cold air for the penultimate heat exchange tubesnThe pressure drop of the cold air passing through the heat exchange tube at the uppermost layer;
ΔP＝ΔPinner part+ΔPOuter cover
ΔPInner partIs the pressure drop, Δ P, of the air in the heat exchange tubesOuter coverIs the pressure drop of the air outside the heat exchange tube.
ΔPInner part＝ΔPEdge of+ΔPHole(s)
ΔPEdge ofFor the on-way pressure drop, Δ P, of the air in the heat exchange tubesHole(s)Is the local pressure drop of the air as it passes through the air holes;
Figure BDA0002598914760000033
wherein,edge ofThe coefficient of the on-way pressure drop in the heat exchange tube is L, and the length of the single heat exchange tube is L;
Figure BDA0002598914760000034
wherein,outer coverFor the heat exchange external pressure drop coefficient, Z is the number of layers from the heat exchange tube to the outlet of the heat exchanger, vOuter coverThe flow velocity of cold air outside the heat exchange pipe;
Figure BDA0002598914760000035
wherein,hole(s)The pressure drop coefficient of the cold air passing through the air holes.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the dew point evaporation tube type cooling tower is operated specifically, hot water is uniformly sprayed into the cooling tower body through the spraying system, and the hot water and air are fully mixed and exchange heat in the packing layer so as to reduce the temperature of the hot water; in the heat exchanger, cold air is sent into the heat exchange tube by the blower, then is sprayed out from the air holes, and is in contact heat exchange with hot water in the cooling tower body, so that the temperature of the hot water is reduced; in the height direction, hot water output by the packing layer continuously exchanges heat with each layer of heat exchange tubes, the temperature of the hot water is continuously reduced, and the hot water finally falls into a bottom water pool to become cold water. The invention utilizes the combination of the filler layer and the heat exchanger to improve the mixing degree and the heat exchange efficiency of cold air and hot water, simultaneously realizes the precooling and the classification of the air and further reduces the water temperature at the outlet of the cooling tower.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a heat exchanger 5 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a heat exchanger 5 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a heat exchange tube 6-1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the sprinkler system of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a spray system of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 is a cooling tower body, 2 is an air blower, 3 is a packing layer, 4-1 is a main spraying pipeline, 4-2 is a branch spraying pipeline, 4-3 is a spraying hole, 5 is a heat exchanger, 6-1 is a heat exchange pipe, and 6-2 is an air hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 to 6, the dew point evaporation tube cooling tower of the present invention includes a cooling tower body 1, an air blower 2, and a spraying system, a packing layer 3, a heat exchanger 5 and a bottom water pool which are arranged in the cooling tower body 1, wherein the spraying system, the packing layer 3, the heat exchanger 5 and the bottom water pool are sequentially distributed from top to bottom; the top of the cooling tower body 1 is provided with a gas outlet, the heat exchanger 5 comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes 6-1, each heat exchange tube 6-1 is provided with an air hole 6-2, and the blower 2 is communicated with the inlet of the heat exchange tube 6-1.
Each heat exchange tube 6-1 is arranged in an in-line or staggered manner, each heat exchange tube 6-1 is divided into a plurality of groups from top to bottom, wherein the diameters of the heat exchange tubes 6-1 in each group are different, the diameters of the air holes 6-2 in the heat exchange tubes 6-1 in each group are different, the diameters of the heat exchange tubes 6-1 in each group are gradually increased from top to bottom, the diameters of the air holes 6-2 in the heat exchange tubes 6-1 in each group are gradually increased, and the air holes 6-2 are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the heat exchange tubes 6-1.
The spraying system comprises a main spraying pipeline 4-1 and a plurality of spraying branch pipelines 4-2 communicated with the main spraying pipeline 4-1, wherein the spraying branch pipelines 4-2 are provided with spraying holes 4-3, and the spraying holes 4-3 are uniformly distributed at the bottoms of the spraying branch pipelines 4-2.
When the cooling tower works, cold air output by the air blower 2 enters the heat exchange tubes 6-1 and is discharged through the air holes 6-2, hot water is sprayed out by the spraying system and falls downwards, enters the space between the heat exchange tubes 6-1 through the packing layer 3, the cold air is contacted with the hot water to become hot and humid air, the hot and humid air passes through the packing layer 3 and then is discharged from the top outlet of the cooling tower body 1, and the hot water falls into a bottom water pool to become cold water.
V. theHole(s)The wind speed v when the cold air passes through the wind hole 6-2PipeThe wind speed of cold air in the heat exchange tube 6-1 is
vHole(s)＝vPipe
Figure BDA0002598914760000051
Wherein Q is the amount of cold air, a is the number of heat exchange tubes 6-1, and D is the diameter of the heat exchange tubes 6-1;
Figure BDA0002598914760000061
wherein b is the number of the air holes 6-2 on the single heat exchange tube 6-1, and d is the diameter of the air holes 6-2;
the air volume in each heat exchange tube 6-1 is the same, namely the pressure drop of the cold air in each heat exchange tube 6-1 is the same;
ΔP＝ΔP1＝ΔP2＝…＝ΔPn
where Δ P is the pressure drop of the cold air, Δ P1Is the pressure drop, delta P, of the cold air passing through the heat exchange tube 6-1 at the lowermost layer2Pressure drop, delta P, of the cold air of the penultimate heat exchange tube 6-1nThe pressure drop of the cold air passing through the uppermost heat exchange tube 6-1;
ΔP＝ΔPinner part+ΔPOuter cover
ΔPInner partIs the pressure drop, delta P, of the air in the heat exchange tube 6-1Outer coverIs the pressure drop of the air outside the heat exchange tube 6-1.
ΔPInner part＝ΔPEdge of+ΔPHole(s)
ΔPEdge ofIs the pressure drop, delta P, of the air along the path in the heat exchange tube 6-1Hole(s)Is the local pressure drop of the air when passing through the air holes 6-2;
Figure BDA0002598914760000062
wherein,edge ofThe coefficient of pressure drop along the inner path of the heat exchange tube 6-1 is L, and the length of the single heat exchange tube 6-1 is L;
Figure BDA0002598914760000063
wherein,outer coverZ is the number of layers from the heat exchange tube 6-1 to the outlet of the heat exchanger 5, v is the external pressure drop coefficient of heat exchangeOuter coverThe flow rate of the cold air outside the heat exchange tube 6-1;
wherein,hole(s)The pressure drop coefficient when the cold air passes through the air hole 6-2.
The specific working process of the invention is as follows:
hot water is distributed into the spraying branch pipelines 4-2 from the main spraying pipeline 4-1 of the spraying system and then is uniformly sprayed into the cooling tower body 1 from the spraying holes 4-3 of the spraying branch pipelines 4-2, and the hot water and air are fully mixed and exchange heat in the packing layer 3, so that the temperature of the hot water is reduced. In the heat exchanger 5, cold air is sent into the heat exchange tube 6-1 by the blower 2, and in the single heat exchange tube 6-1, the cold air precools to reduce the wet bulb temperature of the air, and then is sprayed out from the air hole 6-2 to contact with hot water in the cooling tower body 1 for heat exchange so as to reduce the temperature of the hot water. In the height direction, hot water at the outlet of the packing layer 3 continuously exchanges heat with each layer of heat exchange tubes 6-1, the temperature of the hot water is continuously reduced, and the hot water is finally discharged from a water outlet at the bottom of the cooling tower body 1. This system uses packing layer 3 and 5 combinations of heat exchanger, has improved cold air and hydrothermal mixability and heat exchange efficiency, has realized the precooling of cold air simultaneously, reduces its wet bulb temperature to reduce the export temperature of cooling tower body 1, can also realize the hierarchical mixture of cold air and hydrothermal, further reduced the export temperature of cooling tower body 1, improve system's efficiency.

Claims (9)

1. A dew point evaporation tube type cooling tower is characterized by comprising a cooling tower body (1), an air blower (2), a spraying system, a packing layer (3), a heat exchanger (5) and a bottom water pool, wherein the spraying system, the packing layer (3), the heat exchanger (5) and the bottom water pool are arranged in the cooling tower body (1) and are sequentially distributed from top to bottom;
the top of the cooling tower body (1) is provided with a gas outlet, the heat exchanger (5) comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes (6-1), each heat exchange tube (6-1) is provided with an air hole (6-2), and the air blower (2) is communicated with the inlets of the heat exchange tubes (6-1).
2. Dew point evaporative tube cooling tower as in claim 1, wherein the heat exchange tubes (6-1) are arranged in a row or staggered.
3. Dew point evaporative tube cooling tower as in claim 2, characterised by that each heat exchange tube (6-1) is divided into several groups from top to bottom, wherein the diameter of each group of heat exchange tubes (6-1) is different and the diameter of the air holes (6-2) on each group of heat exchange tubes (6-1) is different.
4. Dew point evaporator cooling tube according to claim 3, characterised in that the diameter of each group of heat exchange tubes (6-1) increases gradually from top to bottom, and the diameter of the air holes (6-2) on each group of heat exchange tubes (6-1) increases gradually.
5. Dew point evaporative tube cooling tower as in claim 4, wherein the air holes (6-2) are evenly arranged at the bottom of the heat exchange tubes (6-1).
6. Dew point evaporation tube cooling tower as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spraying system comprises a main spraying pipe (4-1) and a plurality of branch spraying pipes (4-2) communicated with the main spraying pipe (4-1), and the branch spraying pipes (4-2) are provided with spraying holes (4-3).
7. Dew point evaporator cooling tower as in claim 6, characterized in that the spray holes (4-3) are evenly distributed in the bottom of the spray branch pipes (4-2).
8. The dew point evaporation pipe type cooling tower of claim 5, wherein in operation, cold air output by the air blower (2) enters the heat exchange pipes (6-1) and is discharged through the air holes (6-2), hot water is sprayed out by the spraying system and falls downwards and enters between the heat exchange pipes (6-1) through the packing layer (3), the cold air is contacted with the hot water to become hot humid air, the hot humid air passes through the packing layer (3) and is discharged from the top outlet of the cooling tower body (1), and the hot water falls into a bottom water pool to become cold water.
9. Dew point evaporator tube cooling tower as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that v is providedHole(s)Is the wind speed v when the cold air passes through the wind hole (6-2)PipeThe wind speed of cold air in the heat exchange tube (6-1) is
vHole(s)＝vPipe
Figure FDA0002598914750000021
Wherein Q is the amount of cold air, a is the number of the heat exchange tubes (6-1), and D is the diameter of the heat exchange tubes (6-1);
Figure FDA0002598914750000022
wherein b is the number of the air holes (6-2) on the single heat exchange tube (6-1), and d is the diameter of the air holes (6-2);
the air volume in each heat exchange tube (6-1) is the same, namely the pressure drop of the cold air in each heat exchange tube (6-1) is the same;
ΔP＝ΔP1＝ΔP2＝…＝ΔPn
where Δ P is the pressure drop of the cold air, Δ P1Is the pressure drop, delta P, of the cold air passing through the heat exchange tube (6-1) at the lowermost layer2Is the pressure drop, delta P, of the cold air of the second last layer of heat exchange tubes (6-1)nThe pressure drop of the cold air passing through the heat exchange tube (6-1) at the uppermost layer is shown;
ΔP＝ΔPinner part+ΔPOuter cover
ΔPInner partIs the pressure drop, delta P, of air in the heat exchange tube (6-1)Outer coverThe pressure drop of the air outside the heat exchange tube (6-1);
ΔPinner part＝ΔPEdge of+ΔPHole(s)
ΔPEdge ofIs the pressure drop, delta P, of air along the heat exchange tube (6-1)Hole(s)Is the local pressure drop when the air passes through the air hole (6-2);
Figure FDA0002598914750000031
wherein,edge ofThe coefficient of pressure drop along the heat exchange tube (6-1) is L, and the length of the single heat exchange tube (6-1) is L;
Figure FDA0002598914750000032
wherein,outer coverFor the heat exchange external pressure drop coefficient, Z is the number of heat exchange tube layers from the heat exchange tube (6-1) to the outlet of the heat exchanger (5), vOuter coverThe flow rate of the cold air outside the heat exchange tube (6-1);
Figure FDA0002598914750000033
wherein,hole(s)The pressure drop coefficient of the cold air passing through the air hole (6-2) is shown.
CN202010717979.XA 2020-07-23 2020-07-23 Dew point evaporating tube type cooling tower Active CN111750695B (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007121670A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2007-11-01 Tsinghua University An environment protecting and water saving cooling tower
CN202675510U (en) * 2012-07-16 2013-01-16 西安工程大学 Water chilling unit by adopting tubular dew point evaporative cooling
US20140000300A1 (en) * 2012-06-28 2014-01-02 Hitachi, Ltd. Cooling system and cooling method
CN111271987A (en) * 2018-12-05 2020-06-12 国家电投集团远达环保工程有限公司重庆科技分公司 Wet cooling tower
CN212409438U (en) * 2020-07-23 2021-01-26 西安西热锅炉环保工程有限公司 Dew point evaporation tube type cooling tower

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007121670A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2007-11-01 Tsinghua University An environment protecting and water saving cooling tower
US20140000300A1 (en) * 2012-06-28 2014-01-02 Hitachi, Ltd. Cooling system and cooling method
CN202675510U (en) * 2012-07-16 2013-01-16 西安工程大学 Water chilling unit by adopting tubular dew point evaporative cooling
CN111271987A (en) * 2018-12-05 2020-06-12 国家电投集团远达环保工程有限公司重庆科技分公司 Wet cooling tower
CN212409438U (en) * 2020-07-23 2021-01-26 西安西热锅炉环保工程有限公司 Dew point evaporation tube type cooling tower

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