CN111749634A - Gas-liquid double-pressure constant-pressure compensation device - Google Patents

Gas-liquid double-pressure constant-pressure compensation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111749634A
CN111749634A CN202010753409.6A CN202010753409A CN111749634A CN 111749634 A CN111749634 A CN 111749634A CN 202010753409 A CN202010753409 A CN 202010753409A CN 111749634 A CN111749634 A CN 111749634A
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China
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pressure
air valve
chamber
air passage
constant
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CN202010753409.6A
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王西贵
邹德永
刘笑傲
苏洋
曹继飞
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China University of Petroleum East China
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China University of Petroleum East China
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Priority to CN202010753409.6A priority Critical patent/CN111749634A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E21B25/10Formed core retaining or severing means
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal bed gas pressure maintaining and coring, in particular to a gas-liquid double-pressure constant-pressure compensation device. The device includes the nitrogen chamber, and the nitrogen chamber upper end is sealed, and the nitrogen chamber lower extreme is connected the level pressure start-up room, and the nitrogen chamber is inside to be filled with high-pressure nitrogen gas, and the level pressure start-up indoor portion is equipped with the level pressure chamber, and the level pressure start-up room upper end is through this level pressure chamber of level pressure start-up room blocking seal, and the pneumatic valve sliding chamber is connected to level pressure start-up room lower extreme, and pneumatic valve sliding chamber upper portion is equipped with pneumatic valve sliding chamber, and the pneumatic valve that floats is installed in. The invention realizes the purpose of converting air pressure into hydraulic pressure and transmitting the hydraulic pressure to the pressure-maintaining coring barrel to finally realize the accurate pressure control of the pressure-maintaining coring barrel, can implement accurate pressure maintenance on the obtained coal sample according to the in-situ formation pressure and provides technical support for the heat-preserving pressure-maintaining coring of deep coal rock.

Description

Gas-liquid double-pressure constant-pressure compensation device
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of coal bed gas pressure maintaining and coring, in particular to a gas-liquid double-pressure constant-pressure compensation device.
Background art:
with the increase of the exploration and development depth of the coal bed gas, the accurate measurement and calculation of the content of the coal bed gas are more important, because the accurate measurement and calculation directly influences a plurality of key development decisions such as productivity prediction of the coal bed gas well, optimization of a development target area, well pattern layout and the like. Due to the fact that the coal reservoir is low in strength, large in deformation and double-pore structure, the coal body structure has strong heterogeneity, reservoir physical property anisotropy and obvious stress sensitivity, and in addition, coal bed gas is easy to decompose and dissipate, and therefore the pressure maintaining and coring of deep coal bed gas are difficult to achieve.
A series of conventional rope type coring tools used for conventional geological and coal field exploration are low in coal bed gas content testing accuracy due to the fact that a pipe body is thin, screw thread strength is low, the core diameter is small and the like, and most of the conventional rope type coring tools lack a pressure maintaining and sealing function, and are only suitable for exploration and development of coal beds with shallow burial. In addition, the traditional oil and gas well coring tool has the problems that a drill bit is subjected to hydraulic erosion, a drill string is disturbed and the like in the coal bed drilling and coring process, so that deep coal rock is easily polluted in the coring process, the traditional oil and gas well coring tool does not have the in-situ formation pressure maintaining function, and a high-value coal core sample is difficult to obtain. The method is suitable for the deep-sea natural gas hydrate coring tool, and the core technology is mostly monopolized by foreign oil companies due to high lease daily cost, and the current situation of efficient and economic development of domestic deep coal bed methane is not met.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a gas-liquid dual-pressure constant-pressure compensation device, which is matched with a conventional pressure-maintaining coring tool for use, realizes the purpose that air pressure is converted into hydraulic pressure and is transmitted to a pressure-maintaining coring barrel, and finally realizes the purpose of accurate pressure control of the pressure-maintaining coring barrel, can implement accurate pressure maintenance on an obtained coal sample according to in-situ formation pressure, and provides technical support for deep coal rock heat-insulating pressure-maintaining coring. The pressure-maintaining coring tool overcomes the defects that the existing pressure-maintaining coring tool for the oil and gas well is difficult to obtain a coal core sample with in-situ formation pressure in the deep coal core coring process, and overhigh or overlow confining pressure can cause damage to the coal core sample, thereby influencing the test and test data of the coal core sample.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a gas-liquid double-pressure constant pressure compensation device comprises a lower connecting sleeve; the device is characterized by further comprising a nitrogen chamber, the upper end of the nitrogen chamber is closed, the lower end of the nitrogen chamber is connected with a constant-pressure starting chamber, high-pressure nitrogen is filled in the nitrogen chamber, a constant-pressure cavity is formed in the constant-pressure starting chamber, the upper end of the constant-pressure starting chamber is sealed through the constant-pressure starting chamber in a plugging mode, the lower end of the constant-pressure starting chamber is connected with an air valve sliding chamber, an air valve sliding cavity is formed in the upper portion of the air valve sliding chamber, and a floating air valve is installed;
the upper end of the floating air valve is communicated with the constant pressure cavity through a flow channel on the bottom wall of the constant pressure starting chamber, the outer wall of the floating air valve is provided with an upper sealing convex wall and a lower sealing convex wall, an air valve groove is formed between the upper sealing convex wall and the lower sealing convex wall, the upper sealing convex wall and the lower sealing convex wall are respectively sealed with the wall of the air valve sliding cavity, the wall of the air valve sliding cavity is provided with a groove, the bottom end of the floating air valve is axially provided with an air valve main air passage, and the bottom end of the floating air valve is circumferentially provided with an air valve bypass air passage communicated;
an air passage I is processed in the body of the constant-pressure starting chamber, an air passage V, an air passage II, an air passage III and an air passage IV are respectively processed in the body of the air valve sliding chamber, one end of the air passage I is communicated with the interior of the nitrogen chamber, the other end of the air passage I is communicated with one end of the air passage V, the other end of the air passage V is communicated with an air valve groove of the floating air valve, when the floating air valve moves downwards to enable the lower sealing convex wall to move downwards into an upper groove on the wall of the air valve sliding chamber, the air valve groove is communicated with the air valve bypass air passage through a gap between the lower sealing convex wall and the groove, the main air valve passage is communicated with one end of the air passage III, the other end of the air passage III extends out of the side wall of the air valve sliding chamber and is provided with a pressure measuring;
the constant-pressure starting chamber and the outer side of the air valve sliding chamber are connected with a mechanical sliding sleeve switch through a fixing pin, a communicating groove is formed in the inner wall of the mechanical sliding sleeve switch, the fixing pin can be cut off when the air valve sliding chamber and the mechanical sliding sleeve switch move relatively, and the communicating groove is communicated with an air passage II and an air passage IV when the mechanical sliding sleeve switch moves to a limiting step on the outer wall of the lower end of the air valve sliding chamber; the lower end of the air valve sliding chamber is connected with a lower connecting sleeve, an isolation piston is installed in the lower connecting sleeve, the lower end of the lower connecting sleeve is connected with a pressure maintaining coring inner cylinder, and a liquid medium is filled in the lower connecting sleeve at the lower end of the isolation piston.
The nitrogen chamber is filled with high-pressure nitrogen gas of 100 MPa.
Install the check valve on the closure of level pressure start-up chamber, can inject gas to the inside level pressure chamber of level pressure start-up chamber through this check valve.
The sectional area of the upper end of the floating air valve is the same as that of the lower end.
The mechanical sliding sleeve switch is connected with the outer wall of the constant pressure starting chamber through a fixed pin.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. realizing constant pressure compensation: the nitrogen pressure preset in the constant pressure starting chamber is the bottom hydrostatic column pressure, and when the pressure of the pressure-maintaining core barrel is lower than the pressure of the constant pressure starting chamber, a high-pressure nitrogen channel is opened to perform pressure compensation on the pressure-maintaining core barrel; along with the compensation of the high-pressure nitrogen, when the pressure of the pressure-maintaining core barrel rises back to the pressure of the constant-pressure starting chamber, the channel of the high-pressure nitrogen is blocked, and the purpose of constant-pressure compensation is realized.
2. The compensation energy is sufficient, and the efficiency is high: the characteristics of strong gas-liquid compressibility and incompressible liquid are jointly utilized, high-pressure energy storage is carried out by means of the compressibility of gas, pressure transmission is carried out by means of the incompressible property of the liquid, and the pressure of the pressure-maintaining core barrel can be quickly increased by means of the fact that the piston moves for a small distance.
3. The mechanical sliding sleeve switch and the floating air valve act in a combined way, and the compensation mechanism is safe and reliable: the mechanical sliding sleeve switch is initially fixed by a pin, preventing the switch from opening in advance; the floating air valve moves left and right depending on the difference of the pressures at the two ends, and the automatic control of high-pressure nitrogen compensation is realized.
Description of the drawings:
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention when not activated.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention at startup.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a constant pressure starting chamber.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a floating gas valve.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the air valve sliding chamber.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a floating air valve and an air valve sliding chamber.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, and fig. 6, a gas-liquid dual-pressure constant pressure compensation device includes a lower connection sleeve 8; the device is characterized by further comprising a nitrogen chamber 1, the upper end of the nitrogen chamber 1 is closed, the lower end of the nitrogen chamber 1 is connected with a constant-pressure starting chamber 3, high-pressure nitrogen is filled in the nitrogen chamber 1, a constant-pressure cavity is arranged in the constant-pressure starting chamber 3, the upper end of the constant-pressure starting chamber 3 is sealed through a constant-pressure starting chamber plug 2, the lower end of the constant-pressure starting chamber 3 is connected with an air valve sliding chamber 7, an air valve sliding chamber 21 is arranged at the upper part of the air valve sliding chamber 7, and a floating air valve 4 is installed in the air valve sliding chamber;
the upper end of the floating air valve 4 is communicated with a constant pressure cavity through a flow channel on the bottom wall of the constant pressure starting chamber 3, the outer wall of the floating air valve 4 is provided with an upper sealing convex wall 18 and a lower sealing convex wall 16, an air valve groove 19 is arranged between the upper sealing convex wall 18 and the lower sealing convex wall 16, the upper sealing convex wall 18 and the lower sealing convex wall 16 are respectively sealed with the wall of an air valve sliding cavity 21, the wall of the air valve sliding cavity 21 is provided with a groove 23, the bottom end of the floating air valve 4 is axially provided with an air valve main air passage 17, and the bottom end of the floating air valve 4 is circumferentially provided with an air valve bypass air passage 20 communicated with the air;
an air flue I11 is processed in the body of the constant pressure starting chamber 3, an air flue V22, an air flue II 12, an air flue III 14 and an air flue IV 15 are respectively processed in the body of the air valve sliding chamber 7, one end of the air flue I11 is communicated with the inside of the nitrogen chamber 1, the other end of the air flue I11 is communicated with one end of the air flue V22, the other end of the air flue V22 is communicated with an air valve groove 19 of the floating air valve 4, when the floating air valve 4 moves downwards to enable a lower sealing convex wall 16 to move downwards into an upper groove 23 on the cavity wall of an air valve sliding cavity 21, the air valve groove 19 is communicated with an air valve bypass air flue 20 through a gap between the lower sealing convex wall 16 and the groove 23, an air valve main air flue 17 is communicated with one end of the air flue III 14, the other end of the air flue III 14 extends out of the side wall of the air valve sliding chamber 7 and is provided with a, the other end of the air passage IV 15 is communicated with a lower cavity of the air valve sliding chamber 7;
the constant pressure starting chamber 3 and the outer side of the air valve sliding chamber 7 are connected with a mechanical sliding sleeve switch 6 through a fixing pin 5, a communicating groove 13 is formed in the inner wall of the mechanical sliding sleeve switch 6, the fixing pin 5 can be cut off when the air valve sliding chamber 7 and the mechanical sliding sleeve switch 6 move relatively, and the communicating groove 13 is communicated with an air passage II 12 and an air passage IV 15 when the mechanical sliding sleeve switch 6 moves to a limiting step on the outer wall of the lower end of the air valve sliding chamber 7; the lower end of the air valve sliding chamber 7 is connected with a lower connecting sleeve 8, an isolation piston 9 is installed in the lower connecting sleeve 8, the lower end of the lower connecting sleeve 8 is connected with a pressure maintaining coring inner cylinder, and a liquid medium is filled in the lower connecting sleeve 8 at the lower end of the isolation piston 9.
The nitrogen chamber 1 is filled with high-pressure nitrogen gas of 100 MPa.
The constant pressure starting chamber block 2 is provided with a check valve 10, and the check valve 10 can inject air into a constant pressure cavity in the constant pressure starting chamber 3 for pressurizing.
The sectional area of the upper end of the floating air valve 4 is the same as that of the lower end.
The mechanical sliding sleeve switch 6 is connected with the outer wall of the constant pressure starting chamber 3 through a fixed pin 5.
Before the core drilling is finished, the mechanical sliding sleeve switch 6 is in a closed state and is fixed by the fixing pin 5. After coring is finished, pressure is suppressed by ball throwing through a wellhead, the hydraulic differential structure is reversely lifted, the nitrogen chamber 1, the constant pressure starting chamber 3 and the air valve sliding chamber 7 are further driven to move upwards, the mechanical sliding sleeve switch 6 is limited by other parts and cannot move upwards due to the fact that the outer diameter of the mechanical sliding sleeve switch is larger than the upper portions of the constant pressure starting chamber 3 and the air valve sliding chamber 7, when the force of the upward movement of the hydraulic differential structure reaches a certain degree, the fixing pin 5 can be cut off, the mechanical sliding sleeve switch 6 is enabled to move to the limiting step of the outer wall of the lower end of the air valve sliding chamber 7, the communicating groove 13 is communicated with the air passage II 12 and the air passage IV 15. Meanwhile, the ball valve sealing device at the lower part of the pressure maintaining coring barrel is also closed, namely the lower end of the lower connecting sleeve 8 forms a closed space.
The inside of the nitrogen chamber 1 can be pre-filled with 100MPa high-pressure nitrogen which is a main energy source of the invention; pressure P preset in constant pressure cavity of constant pressure starting chamber 31Typically the bottom hole hydrostatic column pressure, i.e. the in situ coal rock formation pressure. The upper end pressure of the floating air valve 4 is equal to the preset pressure P1The pressure at the lower end of the floating air valve 4 is equal to the pressure P in the lower connecting sleeve 8 when the mechanical sliding sleeve switch 6 is opened2,P2Namely the pressure of the pressure maintaining coring barrel. The upper and lower sectional areas of the floating air valve 4 are equal, namely S1=S2When P is2<P1Then F is obtained from the formula of F ═ PS2<F1When the floating air valve 4 moves downwards under the action of pressure difference, so that the lower sealing convex wall 16 moves downwards into the upper groove 23 on the cavity wall of the air valve sliding cavity 21, high-pressure nitrogen in the nitrogen chamber 1 enters the lower connecting sleeve 8 through a gap between the air passage I11, the air passage V22, the air valve groove 19, a lower sealing convex wall 16 and the groove 23, an air valve bypass air passage 20, an air valve main air passage 17, an air passage III 14, an air passage II 12, a communicating groove 13 and an air passage IV 15, and pushes the isolating piston 9 to move downwards to extrude a liquid medium to flow to a lower pressure-maintaining core barrel (the lower part forms a closed space at the moment), so that the pressure of the pressure-maintaining core barrel is raised back, the gas-liquid double-pressure constant-pressure compensation is realized, and the in-situ formation pressure protection of a coal core sample is completed. Due to the high-pressure energy storage characteristic of gas and the incompressible characteristic of liquid, the gas-liquid dual-hydraulic compensation mode is more efficient and stable compared with the simple gas or liquid compensation mode.
When P is compensated for by pressure2>P1When F is present2>F1And under the action of pressure difference, the floating air valve 4 starts to move upwards, at the moment, the lower sealing convex wall 16 moves upwards to form the upper groove 23 on the cavity wall of the air valve sliding cavity 21, the air flow channel of high-pressure nitrogen is blocked, and the high-pressure nitrogen stops compensation.
The upper part of the air valve sliding chamber 7 is designed into a step shape and is connected with the constant pressure starting chamber 3 through threads, the outer end of an air passage III 14 of the air valve sliding chamber 7 is designed with a pressure measuring joint with a check valve, and the pressure measuring joint is used for detecting the pressure and the constant pressure starting pressure P1The degree of difference is used to evaluate the pressure holding rate of pressure holding coring。
It should be understood that the detailed description of the present invention is only for illustrating the present invention and is not limited by the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can be modified or substituted equally to achieve the same technical effects; as long as the use requirements are met, the method is within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A gas-liquid double-pressure constant pressure compensation device comprises a lower connecting sleeve (8); the method is characterized in that: the device is characterized by further comprising a nitrogen chamber (1), the upper end of the nitrogen chamber (1) is sealed, the lower end of the nitrogen chamber (1) is connected with a constant-pressure starting chamber (3), high-pressure nitrogen is filled in the nitrogen chamber (1), a constant-pressure cavity is arranged in the constant-pressure starting chamber (3), the upper end of the constant-pressure starting chamber (3) is sealed through a constant-pressure starting chamber plug (2), the lower end of the constant-pressure starting chamber (3) is connected with an air valve sliding chamber (7), an air valve sliding cavity (21) is arranged on the upper portion of the air valve sliding chamber (7), and a floating air valve (4) is installed in the air valve sliding cavity (21);
the upper end of the floating air valve (4) is communicated with a constant pressure cavity through a flow channel on the bottom wall of the constant pressure starting chamber (3), an upper sealing convex wall (18) and a lower sealing convex wall (16) are arranged on the outer wall of the floating air valve (4), an air valve groove (19) is formed between the upper sealing convex wall (18) and the lower sealing convex wall (16), the upper sealing convex wall (18) and the lower sealing convex wall (16) are respectively sealed with the cavity wall of an air valve sliding cavity (21), a groove (23) is formed in the cavity wall of the air valve sliding cavity (21), an air valve main air passage (17) is axially formed at the bottom end of the floating air valve (4), and an air valve bypass air passage (20) communicated with the air valve main air passage (17) is circumferentially formed at the bottom end;
an air passage I (11) is processed in a body of the constant pressure starting chamber (3), an air passage V (22), an air passage II (12), an air passage III (14) and an air passage IV (15) are respectively processed in a body of the air valve sliding chamber (7), one end of the air passage I (11) is communicated with the inside of the nitrogen chamber (1), the other end of the air passage I (11) is communicated with one end of the air passage V (22), the other end of the air passage V (22) is communicated with an air valve groove (19) of the floating air valve (4), when the floating air valve (4) moves downwards to enable the lower sealing convex wall (16) to move downwards to an upper groove (23) on the cavity wall of the air valve sliding cavity (21), the air valve groove (19) is communicated with an air valve bypass air passage (20) through a gap between the lower sealing convex wall (16) and the groove (23), the air valve main air passage (17) is communicated with one end of the air passage III (, one end of an air passage II (12) is communicated with an air passage III (14), the other end of the air passage II (12) extends out of the side wall of the air valve sliding chamber (7), one end of an air passage IV (15) extends out of the side wall of the air valve sliding chamber (7), and the other end of the air passage IV (15) is communicated with a lower cavity of the air valve sliding chamber (7);
the constant pressure starting chamber (3) and the outer side of the air valve sliding chamber (7) are connected with a mechanical sliding sleeve switch (6) through a fixing pin (5), a communicating groove (13) is formed in the inner wall of the mechanical sliding sleeve switch (6), the fixing pin (5) can be cut off when the air valve sliding chamber (7) and the mechanical sliding sleeve switch (6) move relatively, and when the mechanical sliding sleeve switch (6) moves to a limiting step on the outer wall of the lower end of the air valve sliding chamber (7), the communicating groove (13) is communicated with an air passage II (12) and an air passage IV (15); the lower end of the air valve sliding chamber (7) is connected with a lower connecting sleeve (8), an isolation piston (9) is installed in the lower connecting sleeve (8), the lower end of the lower connecting sleeve (8) is connected with a pressure maintaining coring inner cylinder, and a liquid medium is filled in the lower connecting sleeve (8) at the lower end of the isolation piston (9).
2. The gas-liquid dual pressure constant pressure compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nitrogen chamber (1) is filled with high-pressure nitrogen of 100 MPa.
3. The gas-liquid dual pressure constant pressure compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: install single current valve (10) on level pressure start-up room shutoff (2), can be to the inside gas injection of level pressure chamber of level pressure start-up room (3) through this single current valve (10).
4. The gas-liquid dual pressure constant pressure compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sectional area of the upper end of the floating air valve (4) is the same as that of the lower end of the floating air valve.
5. The gas-liquid dual pressure constant pressure compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the mechanical sliding sleeve switch (6) is connected with the outer wall of the constant-pressure starting chamber (3) through a fixed pin (5).
CN202010753409.6A 2020-07-30 2020-07-30 Gas-liquid double-pressure constant-pressure compensation device Pending CN111749634A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113153196A (en) * 2021-01-04 2021-07-23 成都理工大学 Stress-preserving coring intelligent rock core extraction system and method
CN114441216A (en) * 2021-12-22 2022-05-06 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 Dry-type closed sampling method for underground deep hole of coal mine

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