CN111749575B

CN111749575B - Locking device for sliding door apparatus and sliding door apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN111749575B
Application number: CN202010223894.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马丁·瓦格纳; 斯文·布施; 马蒂亚斯·德吕; 安德烈亚斯·芬克
Original assignee: Dorma Deutschland GmbH
Current assignee: Dorma Deutschland GmbH
Priority date: 2019-03-29
Filing date: 2020-03-26
Publication date: 2023-08-18
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-26
Also published as: CN111749575A; EP3715572C0; DE102019108273A1; EP3715572B1; EP3715572A1; ES2958162T3; DE102019108273B4

Abstract

The invention relates to a locking device (10) for a sliding door apparatus, comprising: -a housing (11), wherein a locking drive (20), in particular a linear motor, is provided in a first housing interior (11.4), which has a stator (22) and a rotor (24) which is translatably movable relative to the stator (22), wherein a locking mechanism (30) is provided in a second housing interior (11.5) which is separated from the first housing interior (11.4) via a housing wall (17), which locking mechanism has a locking mechanism (13) which can be moved back and forth between a release position and a locking position, and wherein the locking mechanism (30) is coupled with the locking drive (20) via at least one control element (25) which is attached to the rotor (24) and which leads through a guide opening (18) in the housing wall (17).

Description

Locking device for sliding door apparatus and sliding door apparatus

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a locking device for a sliding door apparatus. Furthermore, the invention relates to a sliding door arrangement with such a locking device.

Background

Sliding door systems typically have a door drive with a traction mechanism, for example a drive belt; and a sliding door travel mechanism having a displaceable carriage for the sliding door element. For locking the door drive, for example in the closed position of the sliding door element, locking means are provided, which are usually provided at the deflection roller for the traction mechanism. Such deflection rollers are typically arranged at the opposite side of the door drive from the traction mechanism drive, which drives the traction mechanism. For locking, the deflection roller is blocked by a locking element, for example by a toothed locking disc. Such locking devices typically have relatively large space requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

Against this background, the object of the invention is to make it possible to lock a sliding door arrangement by means of a locking device which requires less installation space.

In order to solve the object, a locking device for a sliding door system is proposed, comprising a housing, wherein a locking drive, in particular a linear motor, is provided in a first housing interior, which locking drive has a stator and a rotor which is translatably movable relative to the stator, wherein a locking mechanism is provided in a second housing interior, which is separated from the first housing interior via a housing wall, which locking mechanism is movable back and forth between a release position and a locking position, and wherein the locking mechanism is coupled to the locking drive via at least one control element which is attached to the rotor and guided through a guide opening in the housing wall.

In the locking device according to the invention, the locking drive and the locking mechanism are arranged in a common housing in separate housing chambers. In this way, a compact design of the locking device can be achieved. The two housing chambers are separated by a housing wall having a guide opening through which a control element attached to the rotor of the locking drive is guided, so that a mechanical coupling of the locking drive with the locking mechanism, in particular with the movable locking mechanism, is brought about. In this regard, a compact locking device may be provided with a locking mechanism that is movable between a release position and a locking position.

According to one advantageous embodiment, a first guide roller bearing is provided on the control element, which is received in the guide opening, in particular such that a bearing ring of the first guide roller bearing, which is rotatable relative to the control element, can roll on the inner contour of the guide opening. By means of the first guide roller bearing, the friction occurring when the control element connected to the rotor is moved can be reduced. The force introduced into the locking mechanism can be introduced into the housing via the first guide roller bearing and the inner wall of the guide opening. Such a force may occur, for example, when a manual movement of the sliding door element is caused, while the locking mechanism is in its locked position.

Preferably, a second guide roller bearing is provided at the control element, which is received in a guide groove of the locking mechanism, in particular such that a bearing ring of the second guide roller bearing, which is rotatable relative to the control element, is rollable at the inner contour of the guide groove. By means of the second guide roller bearing, the friction occurring when the locking mechanism is moved can be reduced.

The following construction has proven to be particularly advantageous: in this embodiment, the locking mechanism has two guide rails, in particular identical guide rails, and the rotor comprises two control elements, each of which is guided in one of the guide rails. By providing two guide runners and corresponding control elements, the risk of undesired tipping or curling of the locking mechanism can be reduced. Furthermore, it is possible to transmit higher forces via the two control elements and the guide chute than via a single control element guided in a single guide chute.

The following construction has proven to be particularly advantageous: in this embodiment, at least one guide slot has a non-linear extension. Moving the driving element at a preset distance unevenly translates into moving the locking mechanism at the same distance. Preferably, the non-linear extension of the guide rail is selected such that, starting from the release position of the locking mechanism, a relatively small movement of the drive element is first converted into a relatively large movement of the locking mechanism. In this way, a quick approach of the locking mechanism to the counterpart, for example the pulling mechanism of the sliding door arrangement, can be achieved when locking. The relatively steep extension of the guide chute can transition into a more gradual extension towards the locking position, so that a movement of the drive element in said region causes a smaller movement of the locking mechanism. Thus, a true lock can be achieved with greater force.

According to a preferred embodiment, the locking mechanism is mounted in a linearly displaceable manner for displacement between the release position and the locking position, in particular perpendicularly to the direction of displacement of the rotor. By means of the rectilinear displaceability of the locking mechanism, the risk of undesired jamming of the locking mechanism with a counterpart, such as the traction mechanism of the sliding door arrangement, can be reduced.

An alternative preferred embodiment provides that the locking mechanism is pivotally mounted about a pivot axis for movement between the release position and the locking position.

Another subject of the invention is a sliding door apparatus comprising: a door drive with a traction mechanism, in particular a drive belt, rope or chain; a sliding door travel mechanism having a displaceable carriage for the sliding door element, which carriage is coupled to the traction mechanism and which carriage is displaceable from a closed position via a distance into at least one predetermined open position; the aforementioned locking means for locking the door drive.

The same advantages can be achieved in a sliding door apparatus, as already described in connection with the locking means.

According to one advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the locking section of the locking mechanism cooperates in a force-fitting and/or form-fitting manner with the traction mechanism in the locking position, so that a carriage coupled with the traction mechanism is locked. In such sliding door systems, the door drive can be locked by the direct interaction of the locking mechanism, in particular the locking section of the locking mechanism, with the traction mechanism.

In the release position, the locking mechanism preferably releases the traction mechanism such that the traction mechanism is movable. In this regard, in the release position, there is preferably no force fit and/or form fit between the locking mechanism and the traction mechanism. The traction means is preferably embodied as endless traction means. The traction mechanism may involve a belt, such as a flat belt, a toothed belt, or a wedge belt. Alternatively, the traction means may be embodied as a chain or a rope.

The locking device may be arranged, for example, in the region of the door drive for driving the traction mechanism drive of the traction mechanism. Preferably, the control device of the door drive is also provided in the region of the traction mechanism drive, so that a short wiring between the control device and the locking device or the traction mechanism drive is possible.

According to one advantageous embodiment, the locking device has a stop for the traction mechanism, wherein the traction mechanism is in contact with the stop when the locking mechanism is in its locked position. In the locked position of the locking mechanism, jamming of the traction mechanism between the locking mechanism and the stop can thus be achieved. The stop is preferably formed as a component of the housing of the locking device, so that a particularly compact design is possible.

An advantageous embodiment provides that the locking mechanism has a carrier element relative to which the locking section is mounted in a displaceable manner, wherein the locking section is acted upon by a restoring force, in particular by a spring element. In particular, when there is a positive fit between the locking section and the traction mechanism in the locking position of the locking mechanism, an improved engagement of the positive-fit tool of the locking section into the positive-fit tool of the traction mechanism can be achieved by the movable support of the locking section. For example, the position of the locking section of the form-fitting tool embodied as teeth can be adjusted such that the teeth engage in recesses between the teeth at the traction mechanism. The restoring force enables the locking section to be automatically returned into the initial position when the locking is released. Preferably, the locking section is movable relative to the carrier element parallel to the direction of movement of the traction mechanism, so that the position of the locking section can be changed relative to the traction mechanism along the direction of movement of the traction mechanism. For guiding the locking section, a guide element, for example a linear guide element, is preferably provided at the carrier element. Alternatively, the locking section may be firmly connected with the carrier element such that it is not movable relative to the carrier element. In this embodiment, the locking section is preferably formed in one piece with the carrier element.

Drawings

Additional advantages and details of the invention will be set forth below in accordance with the embodiments shown in the drawings.

Here, it is shown that:

fig. 1 shows a sliding door arrangement in a schematic illustration;

fig. 2a shows a locking device in a perspective view;

fig. 2b shows the locking device according to fig. 2a in a perspective partial view;

fig. 2c shows the locking device according to fig. 2a in a partial view;

fig. 3a shows a lock drive of the locking device according to fig. 2a in a perspective view;

FIG. 3b shows the locking drive according to FIG. 3a without a housing in a perspective view;

FIG. 3c shows the locking drive according to FIG. 3a in a perspective partial view;

FIG. 3d shows the locking drive according to FIG. 3a in a partial view;

FIG. 3e shows the locking drive according to FIG. 3a in a side view;

fig. 4a shows a stator of the locking drive according to fig. 3a in a perspective view;

fig. 4b shows the stator according to fig. 4a in a perspective partial view;

fig. 4c shows the stator according to fig. 4a in a first side view;

fig. 4d shows the stator according to fig. 4a in a second side view;

fig. 5a shows a rotor of the locking drive according to fig. 3a in a perspective view;

fig. 5b shows the rotor according to fig. 5a in a perspective partial view;

fig. 5c shows the rotor according to fig. 5a in a perspective view rotated relative to fig. 5 a;

FIG. 6a shows the locking drive according to FIG. 3a in a partial view, wherein a first operating mode spring is used;

FIG. 6b shows the locking drive according to FIG. 3a in a partial view, wherein a second operating mode spring is used;

FIG. 7a shows the locking device according to FIG. 2a in a perspective view with the locking mechanism removed;

fig. 7b shows the locking device according to fig. 7a in a perspective partial view;

fig. 8a shows the locking device according to fig. 2a in a top view with parts removed from the housing, wherein the locking mechanism is in a release position;

fig. 8b shows the locking device according to fig. 8a, wherein the locking mechanism is in a locked position;

fig. 9a shows the locking device according to fig. 8b in a partial view;

fig. 9b shows the locking device according to fig. 9a in a partial view, wherein the position of the locking section is changed relative to the view in fig. 9 a;

FIGS. 10 a-10 f illustrate different views of a locking device according to an alternative embodiment;

fig. 11a to 11c show different views of a locking device according to a further alternative embodiment;

FIG. 12a shows a schematic view of the traction mechanism and the locking mechanism in a released position;

fig. 12b shows a schematic view of the traction mechanism and the locking mechanism in an intermediate position between the release position and the locking position, in which a form fit is not possible;

FIG. 12c shows a schematic view of the traction mechanism and the locking mechanism in a locked position;

FIG. 13 shows a position sensor in a perspective view;

FIG. 14 shows a flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for operating a shut down device;

FIG. 15 shows a flow chart of a second embodiment of a method for operating a shut down device;

FIG. 16 shows a flow chart of a third embodiment of a method for operating a shut down device; and

fig. 17 shows a further embodiment of the guide chute of the chute mechanism.

Detailed Description

In fig. 1, a sliding door apparatus 1 is shown in a schematic view. The sliding door arrangement 1 comprises a sliding door element 6 and a door drive 9 via which the sliding door element 6 can be moved electrically, for example between a closed position shown in fig. 1, in which the sliding door element 6 is arranged in the door opening, and an open position, in which the sliding door element 6 is arranged at least partially behind the wall element 7, and in which the door opening is released. According to the embodiment, the door drive 9 is arranged above the sliding door element 6 of the sliding door apparatus 1. However, it is also conceivable for the door drive 9 to alternatively be arranged below the sliding door element 6, for example between the sliding door element 6 and the floor 8 or within the floor 8 below the sliding door element 6.

The door drive 9 of the sliding door apparatus 1 comprises an electric motor 2 and a traction mechanism 3. The traction means 3 is coupled to the electric motor 2, in particular to a machine shaft or a pinion of the electric motor 2, so that the traction means 3 can be driven by the electric motor 2. The traction means 3 is configured as a continuous traction means 3. According to the embodiment, the traction mechanism 3 relates to a drive belt configured as a toothed belt. Alternatively, the traction means 3 may be embodied as a rope or as a chain or as a flat belt or as a wedge belt. The traction means 3 is guided around a deflection element 4, for example a guide roller, a guide wheel or a guide pinion. The deflection element 4 is arranged on the opposite side of the door drive 9 from the electric motor 2.

The other element of the sliding door apparatus is a sliding door travelling mechanism with a movable carriage 5 for the sliding door element 6. The movable carriage 5 is coupled to the traction mechanism 3 of the door drive 9 in such a way that the carriage 5 together with the sliding door element 6 can be moved from the closed position shown in fig. 1 via a distance into at least one predetermined open position.

In the sliding door arrangement according to fig. 1, locking means 10 for locking the door drive 9 are also provided. The locking device 10 has a locking mechanism movable back and forth between a release position and a locking position. In the release position, the traction mechanism 3 is released and can be driven by the electric motor 2. In the locked position, the locking section of the locking mechanism interacts with the traction mechanism 3 in a force-and/or form-fitting manner, so that the carriage 5 coupled to the traction mechanism 3 and thus the sliding door element 6 are also locked. The locking device 10 need not be arranged in the region of the electric motor 2 or in the region of the deflection element 4, so that the locking device can be arranged at freely selectable points along the traction mechanism 3, for example alongside the electric motor 2, as shown in fig. 1.

The illustrations in fig. 2a, 2b and 2c show a locking device 10 which can be used in the sliding door arrangement according to fig. 1. The locking device 10 comprises a housing 11 having two traction means recesses 12.1, 12.2 in which a traction means 3 embodied as a toothed belt can be arranged. The locking section 14 of the movable locking mechanism 13 protrudes from the housing 10 on the inner contour of the first traction mechanism recess 12.1. In the locking position shown in fig. 2a, the locking section 14 interacts with the traction mechanism 3 in a force-fit and form-fit manner. The inner contour of the first traction means recess 12.1 opposite the locking section 14 forms a stop 16 for the traction means 3. In the locked position of the locking mechanism 13, the locking mechanism presses the traction mechanism 3 against the stop 16, so that the traction mechanism 3 is in contact with the stop 16.

The locking section 14 has a plurality of teeth, the outer contour of which matches the outer contour of the teeth of the toothed belt. In the locked position, the teeth of the locking section 14 are in engagement with the teeth of the traction mechanism 3.

As is also evident from the illustrations in fig. 2a to 2c, the housing 11 has a multipart construction. The multi-piece housing 11 comprises a first housing part 11.1, which forms a first housing interior 11.4 in which a locking drive 20 is arranged. The second housing part 11.2 has a housing wall 17 which separates the first housing interior 11.4 from the second housing interior 11.5. In the second housing interior 11.5 enclosed by the second housing part 11.2 and the third housing part 11.3, a locking mechanism 30 is provided, which also comprises a locking mechanism 13.

The illustrations in fig. 3a to 3e show details of the locking drive of the locking device 10. The locking drive is configured as a linear motor 20. The housing 11, in particular the first and second housing parts 11.1, 11.2 of the locking device 10, form the housing of the linear motor 20. The linear motor 20 also has a stator 21 arranged in the housing 11 and an armature 24 which is translationally movable relative to the stator 21, the stator and armature being further elucidated below in accordance with the illustrations in fig. 4 and 5.

As can be seen from the illustrations in fig. 3a to 3e, the armature 24 is mounted movably by means of a plurality, precisely four in this case, of rolling bearings 26 arranged on the stator 21 and/or on the housing 11. The armature 24 is movable via a rolling bearing 26 in a direction parallel to the direction of movement B of the traction mechanism 3, see fig. 2a. The rolling bearings 26 each have an inner bearing ring 26.1 and an outer bearing ring 26.2 which is rotatable relative to the inner bearing ring 26.1 and which bears against the rolling surface 24.1 of the armature 24. The inner bearing ring 26.1 of the rolling bearing 26 is always fastened to a fastening element 27, which is designed as a shaft. In this connection, the two rolling bearings 26 are each fastened to a common fastening element 27. The fastening elements 27 are arranged in the stator recess 21.1 in the stator 21 and in the housing recess 11.6 in the housing 11.

The details of the stator 21 of the linear motor 20 are explained below with reference to the illustrations in fig. 4a to 4 d. The stator 21 includes a stator core 22 configured as a lamination stack. The lamination stack is formed from a plurality of individual laminations having the same cross-section, here an E-shaped cross-section. The single-lamination is preferably composed of a soft magnetic material, for example iron or steel. Preferably, the single laminations are not insulated relative to each other. The stator core 22 overall forms exactly three stator teeth 22.1, 22.2 which are arranged at a distance from one another in the direction of movement B of the armature 24, i.e. also in the direction of movement B of the traction mechanism 3. The first stator tooth 22.1 is arranged between two second stator teeth 22.2. Between the first stator tooth 22.1 and the two second stator teeth 22.2, coil receptacles are respectively formed, in which coils 22 of the stator 21 are accommodated. The first stator tooth 22.1 has a first tooth width Z1 which is greater than a second tooth width Z2 of the second stator tooth 22.2. The two second stator teeth 22.2 each comprise a stator recess 21.2 in which one of the fastening elements 27, which are in each case embodied as a shaft, is arranged. The recesses 21.1 are each formed as circular recesses in the lamination stack of the stator core 22 or in the individual laminations of the stator core 22. Furthermore, a chamfer is provided at the free end of the second stator tooth 22.2, which chamfer is provided at the edge of the respective second stator tooth 22.2 facing the first stator tooth 22.1.

For the production of the stator, the individual laminations of the stator core 22 can be plugged onto the fastening elements 27. In a further step of the manufacturing method, the rolling bearing 26 can be applied to the free end of the fastening element 17. The assembly of stator core 22, fastening element 27 and rolling bearing 26 can be inserted into housing 11, in particular into the stator receptacle of housing 11. Preferably, the coil 23 is connected to the stator core 22 before being placed in the housing. Alternatively, the coil 23 may be connected with the stator core 22 after the stator core 22 is put into the housing 11.

In fig. 5a to 5c, the armature 24 of the linear motor 20 is shown. The armature 24 is configured in a plate-like manner and has a lower side which faces the stator 22 in the assembled state of the linear motor 20. The armature 24 is preferably constructed of a soft magnetic material, such as iron or steel.

At the underside, one or more rolling surfaces 24.1 for the rolling bearing 26 are provided, see fig. 5c. At the underside of the armature, there are also provided a plurality of, here precisely two permanent magnets 28. The permanent magnets 28 are arranged spaced apart from one another in the direction of movement B of the armature 24 or the traction mechanism 3 and have opposite magnetization directions. The magnetization direction of the two permanent magnets 28 is oriented perpendicular to the lower surface, i.e. perpendicular to the rolling surface 24.1. Both permanent magnets 28 have the same permanent magnet width PM. The permanent magnet width PM is selected such that the ratio of the permanent magnet width PM to the first tooth width Z1 is greater than 1, preferably greater than 1.1, particularly preferably greater than 1.2, for example 1.4. By supporting the armature 24 by means of the rolling bearing 26, it is ensured that the permanent magnet 28 of the armature 24 is separated from the stator core 22 by an air gap, see for example fig. 3d.

At the upper side of the armature 24 opposite the lower side, two control elements 25 are provided, which are designed as shafts projecting perpendicularly from the armature 24, see fig. 5a and 5b. Via said control element 25 the locking mechanism 30 of the locking device 10 is controlled. A first guide rolling bearing 41 and a second guide rolling bearing 42 disposed above the first guide rolling bearing are fastened to the control element 25. In the case of the linear motor 20, the first guide roller bearing 41 is accommodated in a guide opening 18 of the housing wall 17, which is designed as a long hole. The first guide roller bearing 41, in particular the bearing ring of the first guide roller bearing 41, which is rotatable relative to the control element 25, can roll on the inner contour of the guide opening 18, see for example fig. 2b, 2c. In the assembled state of the locking device 10, the second guide roller bearing 42 of the control element interacts with the locking mechanism 13. For this purpose, the second guide roller bearing 42 is accommodated in the guide groove 19 of the locking mechanism 13. The bearing ring of the second guide roller bearing 42, which is rotatable relative to the control element 25, can roll on the inner contour of the guide groove 19, see for example fig. 2b, 2c.

The illustrations in fig. 6a and 6b each show a top view of the linear motor 20 of the locking device 10, in particular a top view of the upper side of the armature 24 of the linear motor 20. The two diagrams show two final positions of the armature 24, which correspond to the release position and the locking position of the locking mechanism 13. If the armature 24 occupies the first position shown in fig. 6a, the locking mechanism 13 coupled with the armature 24 is in its locked position. If the armature 24 is in the second position shown in fig. 6b, the locking mechanism 13 is arranged in its release position. The linear motor 20 can be locked in the illustrated end position in a stable manner without spring force for switching the locking mechanism 13 between the release position and the locking position, and also holds the end position against a defined external force. By energizing the coil, it is possible to switch between two final positions. In this regard, the linear motor 20 is capable of bistable operation.

The linear motor 20 is able to achieve a greater range of travel of the armature 24 with simultaneously greater forces over the range of travel than either the lifting magnet or the holding magnet. In this regard, the linear motor can perform significantly higher mechanical work with the same structural volume than either the lifting magnet or the holding magnet. Furthermore, the linear motor 20 has a lower energy requirement, since the coil 23 of the linear motor 20 only has to be energized when switching between the two final positions of the armature 24.

In order to alternatively enable operation of the linear motor 20 in a preferred direction relative to bistable operation, the armature 24 has at least one attachment region 24.2, 24.3 for an operating mode spring element 43, 44 via which the armature 24 can be preloaded into the final position. In the embodiment shown, two attachment areas 24.2, 24.3 for such operating mode spring elements 43, 44 are provided at the armature.

At the first attachment area 24.2, as shown in fig. 6a, a first operation mode spring element 43 may be attached in order to enable a power-off door-close (Failsecure) operation. The first operating mode spring element 43 pretensions the armature 24 into the final power-off closing position, wherein the armature 24 is coupled to the locking mechanism 13 such that in the final power-off closing position of the armature 24 the locking mechanism 13 is disposed in its locking position. To alternatively enable a power-off door-opening (Failsafe) operation, a second operating mode spring element 44 is attached to the second attachment area 24.3. The second mode of operation spring element 44 pretensions the armature 24 into the final position of the power-off door opening. The armature 24 is coupled with the locking mechanism 13 such that in a final position of the de-energized door of the armature 24, the locking mechanism 13 is disposed in its released position.

The illustrations in fig. 7a and 7b show the locking device 10, wherein the locking mechanism 30, in particular the locking mechanism 13, the third housing part 11.3 and the traction mechanism 13 are not shown for better visibility of the linear motor 20. It can be seen that the two control elements 25 of the armature 24 are arranged to extend through two separate guide openings 18 in the housing wall 17. The respective first guide rolling bearing 41 provided at the control element 25 can roll on the inner contour of the respective guide opening 18. The guide opening 18 can absorb the force of the control element 25 and introduce said force into the housing 11, in particular into the second housing part 11.2, in the event of damage, i.e. when a force is applied to the locking mechanism 13 via the sliding door element 6. In this way, the linear motor 20, in particular the armature 24 of the linear motor 20, which is connected to the control element 25, can be protected from damage.

The first housing part 11.1 forming the first housing interior 11.4 has a wall which forms a first stop for the armature 24 of the linear motor 20 in the first end position and a second stop for the armature 24 in the second end position.

The locking mechanism 30 of the locking device 10 shown in fig. 2 to 7 is described in detail below with reference to fig. 8a and 8 b. The locking mechanism 30 comprises a locking mechanism 13 which is movable back and forth between a release position shown in fig. 8a and a locking position shown in fig. 8 b. The locking mechanism has a locking section 13 and a carrier element 15 carrying the locking section 14. In the locked position, the locking section 14 of the locking mechanism 13 interacts with the traction mechanism 3 in a force-and/or form-fitting manner and thereby locks both the traction mechanism 3 and the carriage 5 of the sliding door arrangement 1 coupled to the traction mechanism 3. In contrast, in the release position, the locking section 14 is arranged spaced apart from the traction mechanism 3, so that the traction mechanism and thus also the carriage 5 is also released and can be moved in the direction of movement B. Thus, in the release position, there is no form fit and/or force fit between the locking mechanism 13 or the locking section 14 and the traction mechanism 13.

In the described embodiment, the locking mechanism 13 is linearly movable between a locking position and a release position. For this purpose, the locking means 13 is mounted in the second housing interior 11.5 in a linearly displaceable manner. In this case, the linear movement of the locking mechanism 13 is effected in a locking direction V which is arranged perpendicular to the movement direction B of the traction mechanism 3. Furthermore, the locking mechanism 13, in particular the carrier element 15, has two guide runners 19 which together with the control element 25 of the armature 24 form a runner mechanism via which the locking mechanism 13 is placed in a movement in the locking direction V as a result of a movement of the armature 24 parallel to the movement direction B of the traction mechanism 3. The two guide grooves 19 are identically formed, so that an undesired tilting of the locking element 13 can be prevented.

The guide slide 19 has a non-linear extension such that a movement of the armature 24 parallel to the direction of movement B of the traction mechanism 3 by a preset distance does not translate into a movement of the locking mechanism 13 perpendicular to the direction of movement B by said distance in all areas between the final positions of the armature 24. More precisely, the nonlinear extension of the guide rail is selected such that, starting from the release position of the locking mechanism 13, a relatively small movement of the armature 24 is first converted into a relatively large movement of the locking mechanism 13. In this connection, a steep extension of the guide chute 19 is chosen. This makes it possible to achieve smooth approach of the lock mechanism 13 to the traction mechanism 3 at the time of locking. Thereby, a large lift transmission ratio and a small force transmission ratio are produced in the region close to the release position. The relatively steep extension of the guide chute transitions into a gentle extension towards the locking position, so that the movement of the armature 24 causes a smaller movement of the locking mechanism 13. In the region of the locking position, a large force transmission ratio and a small travel transmission ratio are thereby produced, so that the locking section 14 of the locking mechanism 13 engages with a large force into the traction mechanism 3 and can lock it. Alternatively, the guide chute may have an extension oriented parallel to the direction of movement of the traction mechanism 3 in the region of the locking position, so that an increased supporting effect is provided against forces acting on the traction mechanism 3 or the locking mechanism 13 from the outside.

As can be seen in fig. 9a and 9b, the locking section 14 of the locking mechanism 13 is mounted so as to be movable relative to the carrier element 15. The locking section 14 is mounted on the carrier element 15 in a movable manner parallel to the direction of movement B of the traction mechanism 3, preferably on the carrier element 15 in a guided manner. Furthermore, a spring element 31 is provided which acts on the locking section 14 with a restoring force. According to the embodiment, the spring element 31 loads the locking section 14 with a restoring force in a direction away from the closed position of the sliding door apparatus 1. If the locking mechanism 13 is advanced towards its locking position and the teeth of the locking section 14 are fully in engagement with the recesses between the teeth of the corresponding traction mechanism 3, the locking section 14 can be moved together with the traction mechanism 3 against the pretensioning of the spring element 31 relative to the carrier element 15. Thus, when the carriage 5 of the sliding door apparatus 1 is in the pre-closed position, in which the closed position has not been fully reached, in particular in which the sliding door apparatus leaves a certain gap, the locking mechanism 3 can be advanced into its locking position. From said pre-closed position, the traction mechanism 3 can be moved so that the carriage 5 of the sliding door apparatus 1 is moved towards the closed position, that is to say so as to completely close the sliding door apparatus. The locking section 14 is moved against the restoring force of the spring element 31. Preferably, the spring element 31 or the locking section 14 and/or the carrier element 15 are dimensioned such that the locking section can be displaced at least by a displacement distance relative to the carrier element 15, which corresponds to the spacing (pitch) of two adjacent teeth of the traction mechanism 3. When the locking mechanism 13 is moved from the locking position towards the release position, the locking section 14 can be moved again into the initial position of the locking section by the spring element 31.

The illustrations in fig. 10a to 10f show a locking device 10 according to an alternative embodiment, which is likewise suitable for use in the sliding door arrangement 1 according to fig. 1. The locking device 10 according to the alternative embodiment substantially corresponds to the locking device according to the first embodiment and thus is referred to the previous description of the first embodiment. Unlike the first embodiment, in the locking device 10 according to the alternative embodiment, the locking mechanism 13 is pivotally supported about a pivot axis S for movement between the release position and the locking position. Fig. 10c and 10d show the locking device 10 with the locking mechanism 13 in the release position. In the illustration according to fig. 10e and 10f, the locking mechanism 13 is in the locked position. Furthermore, the locking mechanism 13 or the carrier element 15 of the locking mechanism 13 has only exactly one guide slot 19. Correspondingly, only one control element 25 is provided at the armature 24 of the linear motor 20 according to the alternative embodiment, which control element engages with the guide chute 19 in order to pivot the locking mechanism 13.

The locking mechanism 13 is dimensioned and arranged according to the alternative embodiment such that the ratio of the spacing D1 between the locking section 14 and the pivot axis S to the spacing D2 between the traction mechanism 3 and the pivot axis S is at least 3:1, particularly preferably at least 4:1.

Another alternative embodiment of the locking device 10 is shown in fig. 11a to 11 c. The locking device 10 according to the embodiment essentially corresponds to the locking device according to fig. 10, wherein, unlike the locking device according to fig. 10, two guide runners 19 and two control elements 25 are provided.

The operation of the sliding door system 1 described above, which has a door drive 9 with a traction mechanism 3 embodied as a toothed belt, is discussed below in accordance with the diagrams in fig. 12 to 17, and in the locked position, interacts with the traction mechanism 3 in a form-fitting manner. In the sliding door device 1, the form-fitting elements of the locking mechanism 13 and of the pulling mechanism 3, in this case teeth, are oriented towards each other in order to achieve a form fit between the locking mechanism 13 and the pulling mechanism.

According to the illustration in fig. 12a, the locking mechanism 13 is shown in a release position in which the locking mechanism 13 is arranged spaced apart from the traction mechanism 3. The locking mechanism 13 according to the exemplary embodiment has a locking section 14 which is formed in one piece with the carrier element 15. The spacing of adjacent teeth of the traction mechanism 3 is described below as the pitch T.

The diagram in fig. 12b shows the following case: the locking mechanism 13 is moved from the release position shown in fig. 12a in the locking direction V and the traction mechanism 3 is in the position according to fig. 12a such that the locking segments 14, in particular the teeth of the locking segments 14, cannot engage into the recesses between the teeth of the traction mechanism 3. In this position of the traction means 3, a form fit between the locking means 13 and the traction means 3 is not possible.

In the illustration in fig. 12c, a locked position of the traction mechanism 3 is shown, in which the teeth of the traction mechanism 3 are oriented towards the teeth of the locking mechanism 13, so that the teeth of the locking mechanism can be moved into the recesses between the teeth of the traction mechanism 3 along the locking direction V. In this case, a positive fit between the locking mechanism 13 and the traction mechanism 3 is achieved.

The illustration in fig. 13 shows an embodiment of a locking device 10 with a position sensor 50 for detecting the position of the locking mechanism 13. In order to detect the position of the lock mechanism 13, the position sensor 50 detects the position of the armature 24 of the linear motor 20. In this regard, the position of the locking mechanism 13 is indirectly detected. A first detection range 53 of the position sensor 50 is provided in fixed connection with the armature 24, said first detection range being moved together with the movement of the armature 24 in a direction parallel to the movement direction of the traction mechanism 3. The position sensor 50 further comprises a first detector 51 for detecting the armature 24 in the first position or first final position and a second detector 52 for detecting the armature 24 in the second position or second final position. The first position of the armature 24 corresponds to the locking position of the locking mechanism 13, and the second position of the armature 24 corresponds to the release position of the locking mechanism 13. The detectors 51, 52 are arranged spaced apart from one another and are fixedly connected to the housing 11 of the locking device 10, so that the first detection range 53 moves between the two detectors 51, 52 when the armature 24 moves between its final positions.

The first and second detectors 51, 52 are preferably configured to detect contact points. Alternatively, it may be provided that the detectors 51, 52 are formed as gratings.

According to the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 13, the position sensor 50 has a second detection range 54, which is fixedly connected to the armature 24. The second detection range 54 is arranged on the armature 24 in such a way that it interacts with a switch, in particular a microswitch, which is not shown in the drawing, in a first position of the armature 24, which corresponds to the locking position of the locking mechanism 13. The switch preferably relates to a switch which does not require power to operate, so that the locking position of the locking mechanism 13 can be detected even when the current is interrupted by means of the second detection range 54 and the switch.

Fig. 14 shows a flow chart of a method for operating the sliding door system 1, in which a locking reference position of the traction mechanism 3 is determined and stored. In an initial step 101, the sliding door element 6 is in its closed position. In the pushing step 102, the sliding door element 6 is pushed towards its closed position, in particular with a preset pressure. Then, in a subsequent triggering step 103, a locking instruction for moving the locking mechanism 13 into the locking position is transmitted to the locking device 10. Next, the linear motor 20 is operated such that the armature 24 of the linear motor 20 moves from one of its final positions to the other of its final positions, and here the locking mechanism 13 travels from the release position toward its locking position.

In a detection step 104 following the triggering step 103, the position of the locking mechanism 13 is detected by means of a position sensor of the locking device 10. If it is determined that the locking mechanism is not in its locking position shown in fig. 12c, the traction mechanism 3 is moved a preset stroke length with respect to the locking mechanism 13 in a movement step 110 after the detection step 104. In a first substep 107 of the displacement step 110, a desired position of the traction means 13 is set, which is offset from the current actual position of the traction means 3 by a preset stroke length. The predetermined stroke length is selected smaller than the tooth pitch T. In a second substep 108, the traction mechanism 3 is moved into the desired position. In a third substep 109, it is checked with the aid of a travel sensor of the electric motor 2 of the door drive 9 whether the desired position has been reached. If the desired position is not reached, the traction mechanism 3 is moved towards the desired position until the desired position is reached.

After the moving step 110, the triggering step 103 and the detecting step 104 are repeated until the locking mechanism 13 is detected in the locking position in the detecting step 104. Then, in a storing step 105, the position of the traction mechanism 3 is stored as a lock reference position. The further locking position of the traction mechanism 3 can be calculated subsequently taking into account the locking reference position. In the final state 106, the door drive 9 of the closing device 1 is locked.

The illustration in fig. 15 shows a flow chart of a method for operating the sliding door system 1, in which the door drive 9 is locked in a further locked position of the traction mechanism 3. The further locking position is different from the locking reference position of the traction mechanism 3. In an initial step 201, the door drive obtains a movement command for moving the sliding door element 6 or the traction mechanism 3 into a preset target position. In a calculation step 202, a further lock position is calculated which is as close as possible to the preset target position from the stored lock reference position. Then, in a further movement step 203, the traction mechanism 3 is moved towards the further locking position. In this case, in a first substep 204, the traction mechanism 3 is moved toward the locking position. In a second substep 205, it is checked by means of a travel sensor of the electric motor 2 whether a preset interval with respect to the locking position has been exceeded. If the preset interval with respect to the locking position is not exceeded, the traction mechanism 3 is moved towards the locking position until the preset interval with respect to the locking position is exceeded.

After the movement step 203, in a triggering step 206, a locking instruction for moving the locking mechanism 13 into the locking position is transmitted to the locking device 10 during the movement of the traction mechanism 3. In a detection step 207, which follows the triggering step 206, the position of the locking mechanism 13 is detected by means of the position sensor 50 of the locking device 10. If it is determined that the locking mechanism is not in its locking position shown in fig. 12c, the traction mechanism 3 is moved a preset stroke length with respect to the locking mechanism 13 in a movement step 213 following the detection step 207. In a first sub-step 209 of the moving step 213, a desired position of the traction mechanism 13 is set, which is offset from the current actual position of the traction mechanism 3 by a preset stroke length. The predetermined stroke length is selected smaller than the tooth pitch T. In a second substep 210, the traction mechanism 3 is moved into the desired position. In a third substep 211, it is checked with the aid of a travel sensor of the electric motor 2 of the door drive 9 whether the desired position has been reached. If the desired position is not reached, the traction mechanism 3 is moved towards the desired position until the desired position is reached.

After the moving step 213, the triggering step 206 and the detecting step 207 are repeated until the locking mechanism 13 is detected in the locking position in the detecting step 207 (final state 208).

The illustration in fig. 16 shows a flow chart of an alternative method for operating the sliding door arrangement 1, in which the door drive 9 is locked in a further locked position of the traction mechanism 3. In an initial step 301, the door drive obtains a movement command for moving the sliding door element 6 or the traction mechanism 3 into a preset target position. Then, in a calculation step 302, another lock position as close as possible to the preset target position is calculated from the stored lock reference position. Then, in a further movement step 303, the traction mechanism 3 is moved towards the further locking position. In this case, in a first substep 304, the traction mechanism 3 is moved toward the locking position. In a second substep 305, it is checked with the aid of a travel sensor of the electric motor 2 whether the locking position is reached. If the locking position is not reached, the traction mechanism 3 is moved towards the locking position until the locking position is reached.

After the moving step 303, in a triggering step 306, a locking instruction for moving the locking mechanism 13 into the locking position is transmitted to the locking device 10. In a detection step 207, which follows the triggering step 306, the position of the locking mechanism 13 is detected by means of the position sensor 50 of the locking device 10. If it is determined that the locking mechanism is not in its locking position shown in fig. 12c, the traction mechanism 3 is moved a preset stroke length with respect to the locking mechanism 13 in a movement step 313 after the detection step 307. In a first substep 309 of the displacement step 313, a desired position of the traction means 13 is set, which is offset from the current actual position of the traction means 3 by a preset stroke length. The predetermined stroke length is selected smaller than the tooth pitch T. In a second substep 310, the traction mechanism 3 is moved into the desired position. In a third substep 311, it is checked by means of a travel sensor of the electric motor 2 of the door drive 9 whether the desired position has been reached. If the desired position is not reached, the traction mechanism 3 is moved towards the desired position until the desired position is reached.

After the moving step 313, the triggering step 306 and the detecting step 307 are repeated until the locking mechanism 13 is detected in the locking position in the detecting step 307 (final state 308).

In fig. 17, a further embodiment of a guide chute 19 of a chute mechanism is shown, which can be used in the present invention. A guide chute 19 may be provided in the locking mechanism 13. The guide slot 19 is formed as a curved elongated hole. The radius of the extended curvature is depicted with reference F. The diagram in fig. 17 shows the control element 25' in the following position on the left: when the locking mechanism 13 is in its released position, the control element is in said position. Furthermore, the control element 25″ is shown on the right in the following position: when the locking mechanism 13 is in its locked position, the control element is in said position. The lifting distance is described by reference numeral E and the displacement distance parallel to the direction of movement B of the traction mechanism 3 is described by reference numeral G. D is the lift angle. In order to make it difficult for the locking mechanism 13 to slide undesirably out of its locking position, for example by breaking the force present, the guide rail 19 has an angle C, in particular in its region facing the locking section 14. By means of the angle C, a surface is formed which is inclined with respect to the direction of movement B of the traction mechanism 3 and inclined with respect to the locking direction V, which surface cooperates with the control element 25″ in the locked position. In fig. 17, it is seen that due to the angle C, a force effect occurs in the direction H forming an acute angle with the locking direction V. Thereby, it becomes difficult to push out the locking mechanism 13 from the locking position.

List of reference numerals

1. Sliding door device

2. Electric motor

3. Traction mechanism

4. Deflection element

5. Sliding frame

6. Sliding door element

7. Wall element

8. Ground surface

9. Door driver

10. Locking device

11. Shell body

11.1 Housing part

11.2 Housing part

11.3 Housing part

11.4 Inner cavity of shell

11.5 Inner cavity of shell

11.6 Housing recess

12.1 Traction mechanism recess

12.2 Traction mechanism recess

13. Locking mechanism

14. Locking section

15. Bearing element

16. Stop block

17. Housing wall

18. Guide opening

19. Guide chute

20. Lock driver, linear motor

21. Stator

21.1 Stator recess

22. Stator core

22.1 Stator teeth

22.2 Stator teeth

23. Coil

24. Armature

24.1 Rolling surface

24.2 Attachment area

24.3 Attachment area

25. Control element

25' control element

26. Rolling bearing

26.1 Bearing ring

26.2 Bearing ring

27. Fastening element

28. Permanent magnet

30. Locking mechanism

31. Spring element

41. Guide rolling bearing

42. Guide rolling bearing

43. Operation mode spring element

44. Operation mode spring element

50. Position sensor

51. Detector for detecting a target object

52. Detector for detecting a target object

53. Detection range

54. Detection range

101. Initial step

102. Pushing step

103. Triggering step

104. Detection step

105. Storage step

106. Final state

107. Substep

108. Substep

109. Substep

110. Moving step

201. Initial step

202. Calculation step

203. Moving step

204. Substep

205. Substep

206. Triggering step

207. Detection step

208. Final state

209. Substep

210. Substep

211. Substep

213. Moving step

301. Initial step

302. Calculation step

303. Moving step

304. Substep

305. Substep

306. Triggering step

307. Detection step

308. Final state

309. Substep

310. Substep

311. Substep

313. Moving step

B direction of movement

C angle

D lifting angle

D1 Spacing of

D2 Spacing of

E lifting distance

F radius

G shift distance

H force

PM permanent magnet width

T pitch

Z1 tooth width

Z2 tooth width

V locks the direction.

Claims

1. A locking device (10) for a sliding door apparatus, the locking device comprising:

-a housing (11),

-wherein a locking drive (20) in the form of a linear motor is arranged in the first housing interior (11.4), said locking drive having a stator (22) and a rotor (24) which is translatably movable relative to the stator (22),

-wherein a locking mechanism (30) is arranged in a second housing interior (11.5) separated from the first housing interior (11.4) by a housing wall (17), said locking mechanism having a locking mechanism (13) which can be moved back and forth between a release position and a locking position,

-and wherein the locking mechanism (30) is coupled with the locking drive (20) via at least one control element (25) attached to the rotor (24) and guided through a guide opening (18) in the housing wall (17), wherein the locking mechanism is designed and set up for locking and releasing the traction mechanism (3) of the sliding door device in the locking position by means of a locking section (14) of the locking mechanism (13),

wherein the locking mechanism (13) is supported so as to be linearly movable perpendicular to the moving direction of the rotor (24) so as to be movable between the release position and the locking position, or

Wherein the locking mechanism (13) is pivotally supported about a pivot axis (S) for movement between the release position and the locking position.

2. The locking device (10) for a sliding door apparatus according to claim 1,

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

a first guide roller bearing (41) is arranged at the control element (25), said first guide roller bearing being accommodated in the guide opening (18).

3. Locking device (10) for a sliding door apparatus according to any of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

a second guide roller bearing (42) is arranged on the control element (25), said second guide roller bearing being accommodated in a guide groove (19) of the locking mechanism (13).

4. Locking device (10) for a sliding door apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

the locking mechanism (13) has two guide runners (19), and the rotor (24) comprises two control elements (25) each guided in one of the guide runners (19).

5. The locking device (10) for a sliding door apparatus according to claim 3,

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

the at least one guide chute (19) has a non-linear extension.

6. Locking device (10) for a sliding door apparatus according to claim 2,

It is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

the bearing ring of the first guide rolling bearing (41) which is rotatable relative to the control element (25) can roll on the inner contour of the guide opening (18).

7. The locking device (10) for a sliding door apparatus according to claim 3,

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

the bearing ring of the second guide rolling bearing (42) which is rotatable relative to the control element (25) can roll on the inner contour of the guide chute (19).

8. The locking device (10) for a sliding door apparatus according to claim 4,

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

the two guide runners (19) are identical.

9. A sliding door apparatus (1), the sliding door apparatus comprising:

a door drive (9) having a traction mechanism (3),

sliding door travel mechanism having a displaceable carriage (5) for a sliding door element (6), which is coupled to the traction mechanism (3) and which can be displaced from a closed position via a distance into at least one predetermined open position, and

locking device (10) for a sliding door apparatus according to any of the preceding claims for locking the door drive (9).

10. Sliding door apparatus (1) according to claim 9,

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

the locking section (14) of the locking mechanism (13) cooperates in a force-fitting and/or form-fitting manner with the traction mechanism (3) in the locking position, so that a carriage (5) coupled with the traction mechanism (3) is locked.

11. Sliding door apparatus (1) according to claim 10,

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

the locking device (10) has a stop (16) for the traction mechanism (3), wherein the traction mechanism (3) is in contact with the stop (16) when the locking mechanism (13) is in its locked position.

12. Sliding door apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 9 to 11,

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

the locking mechanism (13) has a carrier element (15) relative to which the locking section (14) is mounted in a movable manner, wherein the locking section (14) is acted upon by a restoring force.

13. Sliding door apparatus (1) according to claim 9,

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

the traction mechanism (3) is a transmission belt, a rope or a chain.

14. Sliding door apparatus (1) according to claim 12,

It is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

the locking section (14) is mounted so as to be movable parallel to the direction of movement (B) of the traction mechanism (3).

15. Sliding door apparatus (1) according to claim 12,

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

the locking section (14) is acted upon by a restoring force by a spring element (31).