CN111748822A - Comprehensive heat management system of large alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device - Google Patents
Comprehensive heat management system of large alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The invention relates to a comprehensive heat management system of a large-scale alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device, which comprises the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device and a heat management device, wherein the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device comprises an electrolytic bath and a gas-liquid separator, the alkali liquor output end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the electrolytic bath through an alkali liquor circulation loop, the heat management device comprises a heat management comprehensive heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separation heat exchanger and an alkali liquor circulation heat exchanger, the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger is arranged between the electrolytic bath and the gas-liquid separator, the alkali liquor circulation heat exchanger is arranged in the alkali liquor circulation, the heat exchange medium inlets and outlets of the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger and the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger are communicated to form a first heat exchange loop for cooling the gas-liquid mixed alkali liquor output by the electrolytic cell, and the heat exchange medium inlets and outlets of the alkali liquor circulation heat exchanger and the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger are communicated to form a second heat exchange loop for heating the alkali liquor input into the electrolytic cell. Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize effective comprehensive utilization of heat energy and has good adaptability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by alkaline electrolyzed water, in particular to a comprehensive heat management system of a large-scale hydrogen production device by alkaline electrolyzed water.
Background
The source of hydrogen is an important issue for the development of hydrogen energy at present, and hydrogen is still used as an industrial raw material gas at present, so that the hydrogen has rich application in chemical industry, and from the source, three mature technical routes are mainly provided; firstly, hydrogen is produced by reforming fossil energy; secondly, hydrogen is produced as a by-product in industry; thirdly, electrolyzing water to produce hydrogen. The raw materials for hydrogen production by reforming fossil energy are mainly coal, so that the cost is low, the technology is mature, but the large-scale green hydrogen production of the technology is limited by the unavoidable emission of carbon dioxide and the use of fossil energy. The industrial by-product hydrogen mainly comes from industries such as coke, chlor-alkali, synthetic ammonia, propane dehydrogenation and the like, and can provide a low-cost hydrogen source for the early development of the hydrogen energy industry. The hydrogen production by water electrolysis is green and environment-friendly, flexible in production and high in purity, and if the hydrogen production is matched with renewable energy sources for power generation and large-scale utilization of waste electricity, the cost can be remarkably reduced, and the method has extremely high commercialization potential and is the most promising method for preparing hydrogen energy. In the process of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, the most mature technical route at present is an alkaline water electrolysis technology.
Through the literature search of the prior art, the research of the current large-scale electrolytic water system mostly focuses on the development and optimization of the electrolytic water equipment so as to realize the purposes of integration of the electrolytic water equipment, cost reduction, product gas purification and the like. Chinese patent document CN 104911626B: the utility model provides a high pressure water electrolysis hydrogen manufacturing electrolysis trough discloses a high pressure water electrolysis hydrogen manufacturing electrolysis water hydrogen manufacturing equipment of hydrogen manufacturing including anodal end plate and negative pole end plate, and simple structure, simple to operate are put in the repacking, use the EPT rubber pad greatly to reduce the rubber pad cost, can also use repeatedly, not only can directly carry high-pressure hydrogen, oxygen under the high-pressure state, reduce the gaseous pressurization link, further the cost is reduced. Chinese patent document CN 1920100A: a method for continuously purifying water electrolysis hydrogen gas discloses a method for continuously purifying water electrolysis hydrogen gas by periodically and continuously drying by using a 3-drying tower, which not only can continuously obtain high-purity product hydrogen gas, but also can realize no waste of hydrogen gas and improve economic benefits. Chinese patent document CN 201326018Y: pressure type water electrolysers disclose a water electrolyser with high operating pressure, consisting of a pressure electrolyser with repeated electrolysis cells, the main advantage being that the gas pressure generated by the electrolysis is high, thus enabling lower operating voltages to be achieved and thus higher electrolysis efficiencies. Chinese patent document CN 105483747A: a method and a device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water disclose a device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, which adopts a bipolar membrane to divide an electrolytic cell into a cathode region and an anode region, and can synchronously carry out hydrogen evolution reaction in an acid environment and oxygen evolution reaction in an alkaline condition, thereby reducing electrolysis voltage, reducing energy consumption and improving the efficiency of producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water. Chinese patent document CN 109055964A: the utility model provides an improved generation electrolysis water hydrogen manufacturing equipment discloses with assisting heat device with improved generation electrolysis water hydrogen manufacturing equipment send the connecting block into hydrogen manufacturing equipment main part when inside, according to the settlement operating temperature of temperature controller, can switch on the electrothermal tube and assist the heat to the liquid of reaction for improve hydrogen production efficiency.
Although the prior related researches mention that the hydrogen production efficiency of alkaline electrolyzed water is improved by designing the interior of an alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment system, and the improvement of the hydrogen production efficiency by auxiliary heating of alkali liquor is also considered in the aspect of temperature control, the prior related researches have many defects in the aspect of heat management of an electrolytic hydrogen production system. The comprehensive utilization of the waste heat generated by the electrolytic hydrogen production is not considered, so that the comprehensive heat efficiency of the electrolytic cell cannot be higher than the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolytic cell, the heat management technical requirement of the electrolytic cell under the wide power fluctuation operation working condition is not considered, the long-time operation of an electrolytic hydrogen production system under low power load (such as 20% rated power) is difficult to meet, and the heat pipe system of the traditional alkaline electrolytic hydrogen production device is not only poor in adaptability but also low in efficiency corresponding to a coupled electrolytic hydrogen production system which is applied to a renewable energy power system with high volatility and prominent intermittence.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a comprehensive heat management system of a large alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device, which can realize effective comprehensive utilization of heat energy and has good adaptability.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a comprehensive heat management system of a large-scale alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device comprises the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device, the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device comprises an electrolytic bath and a gas-liquid separator, the alkali liquor output end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the electrolytic bath through an alkali liquor circulation loop, the system also comprises a heat management device, the heat management device comprises a heat management comprehensive heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separation heat exchanger and an alkali liquor circulation heat exchanger, the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger is arranged between the electrolytic bath and the gas-liquid separator, the alkali liquor circulation heat exchanger is arranged in the alkali liquor circulation loop, heat exchange medium inlets and outlets of the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger and the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger are communicated to form a first heat exchange loop, heat exchange medium inlets and outlets of the alkali liquor circulation heat exchanger and the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger are, the first heat exchange loop is used for cooling the gas-liquid mixed alkali liquor output by the electrolytic cell, and the second heat exchange loop is used for heating the alkali liquor circularly input into the electrolytic cell in the alkali liquor circulating loop.
Preferably, the heat management device further comprises a heat storage assembly, a heat exchange medium outlet of the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger is respectively connected to a heat exchange medium inlet of the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger and an inlet of the heat storage assembly through a heat storage front end flow divider, and an outlet of the heat storage assembly is connected to the second heat exchange loop.
Preferably, the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger is further communicated with an external cold source, and the heat exchange medium circulating in the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger heats the external cold source.
Preferably, the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger comprises at least two groups of heat exchange medium outlets with different temperature grades, namely a first heat exchange medium outlet and a second heat exchange medium outlet, the temperature of the heat exchange medium output by the first heat exchange medium outlet is higher than that of the heat exchange medium output by the second heat exchange medium outlet, the first heat exchange medium outlet is connected to the alkali liquor circulation heat exchanger, and the second heat exchange medium outlet is connected to the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger.
Preferably, the heat storage assembly comprises a heat storage tank.
Preferably, the heat storage assembly is connected to the second heat exchange loop through a heat exchanger rear end shunt, the heat exchanger rear end shunt input end is connected with the first heat exchange medium outlet of the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger and the outlet of the heat storage assembly respectively, and the heat exchanger rear end shunt output end is connected to the alkali liquor circulation heat exchanger through an alkali liquor circulation heat management pump.
Preferably, the gas-liquid separator comprises a hydrogen side gas-liquid separator and an oxygen side gas-liquid separator respectively, correspondingly, the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger comprises a hydrogen side heat exchanger and an oxygen side heat exchanger respectively, the hydrogen side heat exchanger and the oxygen side heat exchanger are communicated with the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger through heat exchange pipelines respectively to form two first heat exchange loops, a hydrogen side cooling pump and an oxygen side cooling pump are correspondingly arranged in the two first heat exchange loops respectively, the hydrogen side cooling pump is arranged at a heat exchange medium inlet end of the hydrogen side heat exchanger, and the oxygen side cooling pump is arranged at a heat exchange medium inlet end of the oxygen side heat exchanger.
Preferably, the thermal management device is arranged in the heat insulation bin.
Preferably, the alkali liquor circulation loop comprises an alkali liquor filter and an alkali liquor circulation pump, and the alkali liquor output end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the electrolytic bath sequentially through the alkali liquor filter and the alkali liquor circulation pump.
Preferably, the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device further comprises an alkaline solution preparation tank, and the alkaline solution preparation tank is connected to the input end of the alkaline solution filter through an alkaline supplement pump.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention is provided with the heat management device, the alkali liquor circulation part and the heat circulation part are decoupled, the alkali liquor in a gas-liquid mixed state with higher temperature is cooled immediately after flowing out of the electrolytic bath, the heat is collected to the heat management device, and the cold alkali liquor is heated before entering the electrolytic bath, so that the heat loss caused by the hot alkali liquor in the gas-liquid separation and alkali liquor pipeline circulation can be effectively avoided, and the utilization rate of waste heat generated in the working process of large-scale water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment is improved;
(2) the design that the alkali liquor in the gas-liquid mixed state enters the gas-liquid separator after being cooled is adopted, so that the temperature of the alkali liquor in the gas-liquid mixed state entering the gas-liquid separator is greatly reduced, the difficulty of separating hydrogen or oxygen from the alkali liquor can be effectively reduced, the design and production cost of the gas-liquid separator is reduced, meanwhile, the atomization loss of the alkali liquor during gas-liquid separation is reduced due to the lower temperature of the alkali liquor, the consumption of the alkali liquor is reduced, and the operation cost of large-scale water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment can be reduced;
(3) the invention adopts the decoupling design of the alkali liquor circulation part and the heat circulation part, the temperature of the alkali liquor in each link in the alkali liquor circulation is generally reduced, the required heat dissipation function is carried out in the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger, the heat load of each part and each pipeline in the alkali liquor circulation in the working process is reduced, the heat requirement on each part can be reduced, and the design and the manufacturing cost of the accessory equipment of large-scale water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment are favorably reduced;
(4) according to the invention, the heat storage assembly is arranged, the heat exchange medium with higher temperature flowing out of the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger is collected in the heat storage tank, and the characteristic that the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the heat storage tank can be kept for a long time is achieved through the heat storage tank, so that when the heat exchange medium output from the first heat exchange medium outlet of the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger does not have enough heat to heat the circulating alkali liquor in the alkali liquor circulating loop, the circulating alkali liquor can be heated by using the heat exchange medium with higher temperature in the heat storage tank, the large-scale alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment can keep the working temperature for a long time under lower working load, and the wide power fluctuation adaptability;
(5) the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger is communicated with an external cold source, and the external cold source is heated by utilizing the heat exchange medium circulating in the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger, so that large-scale water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment can effectively supply heat energy to the outside while preparing hydrogen, hot water and heating service can be provided for the life of residents, and the comprehensive heat efficiency of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment can be effectively improved;
(6) the heat management device is arranged in the heat insulation bin, and meanwhile, heat exchange medium circulation pipelines in the heat management device adopt a heat insulation design, so that the outward heat dissipation of the whole system can be reduced, the temperature reduction caused by the outward heat dissipation of the cooling liquid pipeline is prevented to a certain extent, the heat exchange concentration of the heat management system and the outside is improved, and the heat efficiency during the comprehensive utilization of heat energy can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated thermal management system of a large-scale alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of parallel alkali liquor circulation and heat circulation in a conventional alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production plant;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the decoupling of the lye circulation and the heat circulation sections in the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a hydrogen side gas diaphragm valve, 2 is an oxygen side gas diaphragm valve, 3 is a hydrogen side gas-liquid separator, 4 is an oxygen side gas-liquid separator, 5 is a heat insulation bin, 6 is a hydrogen side heat exchanger, 7 is an oxygen side heat exchanger, 8 is a hydrogen side cooling pump, 9 is an oxygen side cooling pump, 10 is a rectifier transformer, 11 is an electrolytic bath, 12 is an alkali liquor circulation heat management pump, 13 is a heat exchanger rear end flow divider, 14 is an alkali liquor circulation heat exchanger, 15 is hydrogen purification equipment, 16 is an oxygen collection or post-treatment device, 17 is a heat storage front end flow divider, 18 is an alkali supplement pump, 19 is a comprehensive heat exchanger, 20 is an alkali liquor preparation box, 21 is an alkali liquor filter, 22 is a heat storage tank, 23 is an alkali liquor circulation pump, and 24 is a cooling water tower.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. Note that the following description of the embodiments is merely a substantial example, and the present invention is not intended to be limited to the application or the use thereof, and is not limited to the following embodiments.
Examples
As shown in figure 1, the comprehensive heat management system of the large-scale alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device comprises the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device, the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device comprises an electrolytic bath 11 and a gas-liquid separator, the alkali liquor output end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the electrolytic bath 11 through an alkali liquor circulation loop, the system also comprises a heat management device, the heat management device comprises a heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19, a gas-liquid separation heat exchanger and an alkali liquor circulation heat exchanger 14, the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger is arranged between the electrolytic bath 11 and the gas-liquid separator, the alkali liquor circulation heat exchanger 14 is arranged in the alkali liquor circulation loop, the heat exchange medium inlets and outlets of the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger and the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 are communicated to form a first heat exchange loop, the heat exchange medium inlets and outlets of the alkali liquor circulation heat exchanger 14 and the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 are communicated, the second heat exchange loop is used for heating the alkali liquor circularly input into the electrolytic bath 11 in the alkali liquor circulating loop. The liquid changing medium of the heat circulation in the heat management device is cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid can be any industrial cooling medium with proper working temperature. It should be noted here that the cooling liquid and the heat exchange medium are equivalent in the following description.
Specifically, the gas-liquid separator includes a hydrogen-side gas-liquid separator 3 and an oxygen-side gas-liquid separator 4, correspondingly, the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger includes a hydrogen-side heat exchanger 6 and an oxygen-side heat exchanger 7, the hydrogen-side heat exchanger 6 and the oxygen-side heat exchanger 7 are communicated with the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 through heat exchange pipelines to form two first heat exchange loops, a hydrogen-side cooling pump 8 and an oxygen-side cooling pump 9 are correspondingly arranged in the two first heat exchange loops, the hydrogen-side cooling pump 8 is arranged at a heat exchange medium inlet end of the hydrogen-side heat exchanger 6, and the oxygen-side cooling pump 9 is arranged at a heat exchange medium inlet end of the oxygen-side heat exchanger. The hydrogen output end of the hydrogen-side gas-liquid separator 3 is connected to a hydrogen purification device 15 through a hydrogen-side gas diaphragm valve 1, and the oxygen output end of the oxygen-side gas-liquid separator 4 is connected to an oxygen collection or post-processing device 16 through an oxygen-side gas diaphragm valve 2. The alkali liquor circulating loop comprises an alkali liquor filter 21 and an alkali liquor circulating pump 23, and an alkali liquor output end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the electrolytic tank 11 sequentially through the alkali liquor filter 21 and the alkali liquor circulating pump 23. The hydrogen production device by alkaline electrolysis water also comprises an alkaline liquor preparation tank 20, and the alkaline liquor preparation tank 20 is connected to the input end of an alkaline liquor filter 21 through an alkaline supplement pump 18.
The heat management device is arranged in the heat insulation bin 5, the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 comprises at least two groups of heat exchange medium outlets with different temperature grades, namely a first heat exchange medium outlet and a second heat exchange medium outlet, the temperature of the heat exchange medium output by the first heat exchange medium outlet is higher than that of the heat exchange medium output by the second heat exchange medium outlet, the first heat exchange medium outlet is connected to the alkali liquor circulating heat exchanger 14, and the second heat exchange medium outlet is connected to the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger.
The heat management device further comprises a heat storage assembly, a heat exchange medium outlet of the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger is respectively connected to a heat exchange medium inlet of the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 and an inlet of the heat storage assembly through a heat storage front-end flow divider 17, and an outlet of the heat storage assembly is connected to the second heat exchange loop. Wherein the heat storage assembly comprises a heat storage tank 22. The heat exchange medium with higher temperature flowing out of the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger is collected in the heat storage tank 22, and the heat storage tank 22 can keep the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the heat storage tank for a long time, so that when the heat exchange medium output from the first heat exchange medium outlet of the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 does not have enough heat to heat the circulating alkali liquor in the alkali liquor circulating loop, the circulating alkali liquor can be heated by the heat exchange medium with higher temperature in the heat storage tank 22, the large alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment can keep the working temperature for a long time under lower working load, and the wide power fluctuation adaptability of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device is effectively improved. The heat storage assembly is connected to the second heat exchange loop through a heat exchanger rear end shunt 13, the input end of the heat exchanger rear end shunt 13 is respectively connected with a first heat exchange medium outlet of the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 and an outlet of the heat storage assembly, and the output end of the heat exchanger rear end shunt 13 is connected to the alkali liquor circulation heat exchanger 14 through an alkali liquor circulation heat management pump 12.
The heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 is also communicated with an external cold source, and the heat exchange medium circulating in the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 heats the external cold source. The large-scale water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment can effectively supply heat energy to the outside while preparing hydrogen, can provide hot water and heating service for the life of residents, and can effectively improve the comprehensive heat efficiency of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment.
The comprehensive heat management system of the large-scale alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device comprises an alkaline liquor circulation part and a heat circulation part:
1. circulation of lye
When the water electrolysis hydrogen production system works, alternating current power supply is converted into direct current power through the rectifier transformer 10 and enters the electrolytic cell 11 (also called as an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production module, which is the core of the system), water in the alkali liquor is electrolyzed into hydrogen and oxygen which are respectively separated out on the surface of an electrode, and the volume ratio of the hydrogen to the oxygen is about 2: 1, and enters a hydrogen and oxygen liquid outlet pipe to flow out of the electrolytic cell 11 in two paths.
The high-temperature alkali liquor flows out of the electrolytic tank 11 and is mixed with a large amount of gas, firstly, the alkali liquor on the hydrogen side is cooled by a heat management system in a heat exchanger 6 on the hydrogen side, the alkali liquor on the oxygen side is cooled by the heat management system in the heat exchanger on the alkali liquor on the oxygen side, the cooled alkali liquor flows into a gas-liquid separator 3 on the hydrogen side and a gas-liquid separator 4 on the oxygen side respectively, the gas-liquid mixture on the hydrogen side and the gas-liquid mixture on the oxygen side are cooled by a washing cooler respectively, gas-liquid separation is realized under the action of gravity, after passing through a gas diaphragm valve 1 on the hydrogen side and a gas diaphragm valve 2 on the oxygen side respectively, the hydrogen is pressurized or stored after passing through a hydrogen purification device 15, and the oxygen.
The alkali liquor circulating system pumps the alkali liquor discharged from the gas-liquid separator into the electrolytic tank 11 by the alkali liquor circulating pump 23 after solid impurities are removed by the alkali liquor filter 21, so as to form an alkali liquor closed-loop system. Meanwhile, in the process of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, trace alkaline electrolyte can enter purification equipment or be discharged along with gas in the form of alkaline mist inevitably, and the amount of the electrolyte to be supplemented in the alkaline circulation by injecting prepared alkaline liquor from an alkaline liquor tank through a supply pump needs to be supplemented periodically.
2. Heat circulation
The water electrolysis hydrogen production system has high energy consumption, cooling and heat dissipation are needed during normal work, heat preservation or heating is needed during work with low power load, the original water electrolysis hydrogen production system does not comprehensively utilize heat, and temperature maintenance during long-time low-load work cannot be solved, so that the invention innovatively provides a comprehensive heat management system for decoupling the alkali liquor circulation part and the heat circulation part.
Referring to fig. 1, the heat management device is disposed in the heat insulation bin 5 (except for the electrolytic cell 11), and in the heat management device, all heat exchange medium pipelines and equipment are subjected to heat insulation treatment, so that heat dissipation of the heat management system and the electrolytic cell 11 to the outside is reduced, and heat utilization efficiency is improved. The heat management device mainly comprises a hydrogen side heat exchanger 6, an oxygen side heat exchanger 7, a hydrogen side cooling pump 8, an oxygen side cooling pump 9, an alkali liquor circulating heat management pump 12, a rear end flow divider of a heat storage tank 22, an alkali liquor circulating heat exchanger 14, a front end heat exchanger of the heat storage tank 22, a heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 and the heat storage tank 22. The hot alkali liquor flowing out of the electrolytic cell 11 is firstly cooled through the hydrogen side heat exchanger 6 and the oxygen side heat exchanger 7 respectively, meanwhile, the coolant with the increased temperature flows out of the two heat exchangers respectively, passes through the heat storage front end shunt 17, and according to the requirement of a heat management system, a part of the coolant flows into the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 to be cooled externally to send heat to the outside of the heat management system for comprehensive utilization of heat energy, such as providing domestic hot water or heating; or entering 22 the heat storage tank 22 for heat preservation, so as to heat the alkali liquor circulation by using the stored heat energy when the electrolytic cell 11 can not provide enough heat.
When the electrolytic tank 11 operates according to the rated power, a part of the cooling liquid entering the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 enters the current divider at the rear end of the heat storage tank 22 after being partially cooled, and enters the alkali liquor circulation heat exchanger 14 through the alkali liquor circulation heat management pump 12 to heat the cooled alkali liquor, so that the temperature of the alkali liquor entering the electrolytic tank 11 reaches the set temperature. And the other part of the cooling liquid entering the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 is further cooled in the heat management heat exchanger, and the cooled cooling liquid enters the hydrogen side heat exchanger 6 and the oxygen side heat exchanger 7 through the hydrogen side cooling pump 8 and the oxygen side cooling pump 9 to cool the hot alkali liquid flowing out from the outlet of the electrolytic cell 11.
When the work load of the electrolytic cell 11 is low, the flow of the alkali liquor at the alkali liquor outlet is reduced, the temperature of the alkali liquor is reduced, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is reduced, the heat entering the heat management system through the hydrogen side and oxygen side heat exchangers 7 is reduced, even if the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 does not cool the cooling liquid, the condition that the alkali liquor cannot be heated to a set value can occur due to the heat used for heating the alkali liquor through the alkali liquor circulating heat exchanger 14, the work temperature of the electrolytic cell 11 is reduced, the work efficiency of the electrolytic cell 11 is further reduced, and the wide power fluctuation adaptability of the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment is reduced.
The second major innovation of the present invention, outside the decoupling of the lye circulation and the heat circulation sections, is therefore the introduction of the heat storage tank 22 into the heat circulation. The temperature of the coolant in the heat storage tank 22 is kept high, the coolant stored therein is continuously updated according to management, and the hotter coolant is introduced through the heat storage front end flow divider 17, so that the temperature of the coolant in the heat storage tank 22 is controlled to a set value. When the work load of the electrolytic cell 11 is low, according to the requirement of a thermal management system, the hot coolant in the heat storage tank 22 can be called through a current divider at the rear end of the heat storage tank 22 and enters the alkali liquor circulating heat exchanger 14, so that more heat can be provided for the alkali liquor, and the temperature of the alkali liquor entering the electrolytic cell 11 is ensured. By storing a part of heat in the cooling liquid with higher temperature, the stable working time of the electrolytic cell 11 in the working process with lower power can be effectively prolonged, the efficiency of the electrolytic cell 11 in the working process with lower power is ensured, and the wide power fluctuation adaptability of the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system is effectively improved.
The invention discloses an improved principle of a comprehensive heat management system of a large alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device, which comprises the following steps:
the heat insulation and heat management system adopts bidirectional heat exchange, namely, the alkali liquor outlet and the alkali liquor inlet of the electrolytic tank 11 respectively exchange heat, the hotter alkali liquor and gas mixture is cooled at the alkali liquor outlet, and the colder alkali liquor is heated at the alkali liquor inlet by utilizing the cooled heat before the alkali liquor is utilized, so that the alkali liquor circulation is decoupled with the heat circulation part, unnecessary heat loss is reduced, the comprehensive utilization of heat energy generated by the alkaline water electrolysis equipment during working is facilitated, the comprehensive heat efficiency of the electrolytic tank 11 can be improved, and meanwhile, the power fluctuation adaptability of hydrogen production by alkaline electrolyzed water is improved. The reasons for the improvement produced by the present invention are explained below.
In the conventional alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the circulation of alkaline liquid is parallel to the circulation of heat, referring to fig. 2, the alkaline liquid in a gas-liquid mixed state flowing out from the outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device in a working state is sprayed with normal-temperature deionized water in the gas-liquid separation device on the hydrogen side and the oxygen side for washing, the temperature is continuously reduced, hydrogen or oxygen is released, the separated alkaline liquid is filtered by an alkaline liquid cleaner, and the alkaline liquid is cooled by a cooling water tower 24 and finally enters the electrolytic cell 11 again through an alkaline liquid circulating pump 23. In the circulation process of the alkali liquor, the heat circulation is parallel to the alkali liquor, a large amount of heat is lost in the alkali liquor flowing, the gas-liquid separator and the cooling water tower 24, and is difficult to be intensively utilized, and when the electrolytic cell 11 is under a low working load, the overall heat dissipation power may be higher than the heating power of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment, so that the temperature of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment is gradually reduced, the activity of the catalyst is reduced, and the water electrolysis hydrogen production efficiency is reduced.
By using the heat insulation active heat management system of the invention, the bidirectional heat exchange with the alkali liquor enables the alkali liquor circulation and the heat circulation to be mutually decoupled, referring to fig. 3, the alkali liquor in a gas-liquid mixed state with higher temperature flowing out from the outlet of the electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment in a working state firstly passes through the hydrogen/oxygen side heat exchanger 7, the temperature of the alkali liquor is reduced, the heat is transferred to the cooling liquid, then the alkali liquor is washed in the gas-liquid separator and passes through the alkali liquor filter and the alkali liquor circulating pump 23, and at the moment, the heat loss in the whole process is greatly reduced because the initial temperature of the alkali. The working medium of the alkali liquor circulation is alkali liquor, the working medium of the heat circulation is cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid can be any industrial cooling medium with proper working temperature.
The cooling liquid is heated by the hydrogen/oxygen side heat exchanger 7, enters a heat cycle and is regulated and controlled by the heat management system, if the work load of the system is high and heat dissipation is needed, the cooling liquid circularly enters the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 to exchange heat with the outside of the system, and can be recycled or directly cooled; if the system is under low workload and no heat removal or insulation is required, the cooling fluid is circulated into the thermal storage tank 22 for short term storage. And after a part of the cooling liquid passes through the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 and is cooled, the cooling liquid enters the alkali liquid circulating heat exchanger 14 through the alkali liquid circulating heat management pump 12 to heat the alkali liquid to be fed into the electrolytic bath 11, and the cooling liquid flowing out of the alkali liquid circulating heat exchanger 14 returns to the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 to exchange heat with the outside for further cooling.
Compared with the traditional alkaline circulation and heat circulation parallel of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the alkaline circulation and heat circulation of the heat insulation active heat management system are partially decoupled, and part of heat can be centralized in the heat management system for management, so that the heat energy loss is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, the required heat exchange with the outside is centralized in the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19, the cooling effect of all parts and pipelines in the alkaline circulation is avoided, the heat requirement on all parts can be reduced, the temperature of cooling heat utilization can be increased, high-quality heat is provided, and abundant heat sources can be provided for domestic water, heating and the like.
In the embodiment of the invention, referring to fig. 2, before the improvement of the invention, the alkali liquor circulation and the heat circulation of the conventional alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device are in parallel. The alkali liquor is electrolyzed in the electrolytic tank 11 in the loop to generate hydrogen and oxygen and generate heat, the temperature rises to 95 ℃, the alkali liquor flows out of the electrolytic tank 11 and is washed by deionized water in a gas-liquid separator, the temperature is greatly reduced to 65 ℃, a large amount of high-quality heat sources are dissipated, and the heat cannot be utilized. After flowing out of the gas-liquid separator, the alkali liquor passes through the alkali liquor filter 21 through a pipeline, the temperature of the alkali liquor is reduced to 62 ℃ when flowing out, then the alkali liquor flows to the alkali liquor circulating pump 23, the temperature of the alkali liquor when flowing out is 60 ℃, and finally the alkali liquor is cooled by the cooling tower and reaches the set temperature, namely 55 ℃ when flowing out. The alkali liquor enters the electrolytic bath 11, is heated by the high-temperature environment of the electrolytic bath 11, simultaneously has heat released by electrochemical reaction, flows out of the electrolytic bath 11 after the temperature rises, and completes parallel circulation of alkali liquor circulation and heat circulation.
Referring to fig. 3, the alkali liquor circulation part and the heat circulation part are decoupled by the heat management system suitable for the large-scale alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device. When the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment normally works, the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment is electrolyzed in the electrolytic bath 11 in the alkali liquor loop to generate hydrogen and oxygen and generate heat, the temperature rises to 95 ℃, after the water flows out of the electrolytic bath 11, the water is primarily cooled in the hydrogen side/oxygen side heat exchanger 7, the temperature is 75 ℃ when the water flows out of the heat exchanger, the water is washed in the hydrogen/oxygen side gas-liquid separator 4, the temperature is reduced to 50 ℃ when the water flows out, the temperature is 47 ℃ when the water flows out of the alkali liquor filter 21, the temperature after the water flows through the alkali liquor circulating pump 23 is 46 ℃, the water enters the alkali liquor circulating heat exchanger 14, the water is heated to 55 ℃, the water reaches the set temperature, and the water enters the electrolytic bath 11.
The heat circulation circuit of the invention is partially decoupled from the lye circulation circuit, the two circuits being directly related in the electrolysis cell 11. After the hot lye flows into the hydrogen side/oxygen side heat exchanger 7, the heat cycle and lye cycle begin to be decoupled. When large-scale water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment works near rated power, in a hydrogen side/oxygen side heat exchanger 7, cooling liquid with heat circulation is heated, the temperature is raised to 73 ℃, the cooling liquid flows into a heat management heat exchanger, a part of cooling liquid is completely cooled to release a high-quality heat source, the high-quality heat source is comprehensively utilized by the outside, the cooling liquid is cooled to 48 ℃, and the high-quality heat source enters the hydrogen side/oxygen side heat exchanger 7 again to cool hot alkali liquor; cooling part of the cooling liquid, comprehensively utilizing part of high-quality heat source from the outside, reducing the temperature to 65 ℃, entering an alkali liquor circulating heat exchanger 14 through an alkali liquor circulating heat management pump 12, heating the alkali liquor, cooling to 58 ℃ by itself, entering a heat management comprehensive heat exchanger 19 again, cooling to 48 ℃ after providing part of low-quality heat source for the outside, and entering a hydrogen side/oxygen side heat exchanger 7 again to finish heat circulation. When the large-scale water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment operates at low power, less heat is generated, at the moment, a cooling liquid with higher temperature stored in the heat storage tank 22 needs to be called, a certain amount of cooling liquid with 71 ℃ enters the alkali liquor circulating heat exchanger 14 through the alkali liquor circulating heat management pump 12, and the heated alkali liquor reaches a set value, so that the temperature of the large-scale water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment is kept at low operating power, the normal operation of the device is ensured, and the wide power fluctuation adaptability of the large-scale water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment is enhanced.
The above embodiments are merely examples and do not limit the scope of the present invention. These embodiments may be implemented in other various manners, and various omissions, substitutions, and changes may be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The comprehensive heat management system of the large-scale alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device comprises the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device, the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device comprises an electrolytic bath (11) and a gas-liquid separator, and an alkaline liquor output end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the electrolytic bath (11) through an alkaline liquor circulation loop, and is characterized in that the system also comprises a heat management device, the heat management device comprises a heat management comprehensive heat exchanger (19), a gas-liquid separation heat exchanger and an alkaline liquor circulation heat exchanger (14), the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger is arranged between the electrolytic bath (11) and the gas-liquid separator, the alkaline liquor circulation heat exchanger (14) is arranged in the alkaline liquor circulation loop, heat exchange medium inlets and outlets of the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger and the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger (19) are communicated to form a first heat exchange loop, and heat exchange medium inlets and outlets of the alkaline liquor circulation heat exchanger (14) and the heat management The first heat exchange loop is used for cooling the gas-liquid mixed alkali liquor output by the electrolytic tank (11), and the second heat exchange loop is used for heating the alkali liquor circularly input into the electrolytic tank (11) in the alkali liquor circulating loop.
2. The comprehensive heat management system of the large alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat management device further comprises a heat storage assembly, a heat exchange medium outlet of the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger is respectively connected to a heat exchange medium inlet of the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger (19) and an inlet of the heat storage assembly through a heat storage front end flow divider (17), and an outlet of the heat storage assembly is connected to the second heat exchange loop.
3. The comprehensive heat management system of the large alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production plant according to claim 1, wherein the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger (19) is further communicated with an external cold source, and a heat exchange medium circulating in the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger (19) heats the external cold source.
4. The comprehensive heat management system of the large alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 1, wherein the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger (19) comprises at least two groups of heat exchange medium outlets with different temperature grades, namely a first heat exchange medium outlet and a second heat exchange medium outlet, the temperature of the heat exchange medium output by the first heat exchange medium outlet is higher than that of the heat exchange medium output by the second heat exchange medium outlet, the first heat exchange medium outlet is connected to the lye circulation heat exchanger (14), and the second heat exchange medium outlet is connected to the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger.
5. The integrated thermal management system for large alkaline electrolytic water hydrogen plants according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat storage component comprises a heat storage tank (22).
6. The comprehensive heat management system of the large alkaline electrolytic water hydrogen production device according to claim 4, characterized in that the heat storage assembly is connected to the second heat exchange loop through a heat exchanger rear end shunt (13), the input end of the heat exchanger rear end shunt (13) is respectively connected to the first heat exchange medium outlet of the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger (19) and the outlet of the heat storage assembly, and the output end of the heat exchanger rear end shunt (13) is connected to the alkali liquor circulation heat exchanger (14) through an alkali liquor circulation heat management pump (12).
7. The integrated thermal management system of a large alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the gas-liquid separator comprises a hydrogen side gas-liquid separator (3) and an oxygen side gas-liquid separator (4) respectively, correspondingly, the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger comprises a hydrogen side heat exchanger (6) and an oxygen side heat exchanger (7), the hydrogen side heat exchanger (6) and the oxygen side heat exchanger (7) are respectively communicated with the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger (19) through heat exchange pipelines to form two first heat exchange loops, a hydrogen side cooling pump (8) and an oxygen side cooling pump (9) are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the two first heat exchange loops, the hydrogen side cooling pump (8) is arranged at the inlet end of the heat exchange medium of the hydrogen side heat exchanger (6), the oxygen side cooling pump (9) is arranged at the inlet end of the heat exchange medium of the oxygen side heat exchanger (7).
8. The integrated heat management system of the large alkaline electrolytic water hydrogen production plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat management device is arranged in the heat insulation bin (5).
9. The comprehensive heat management system of the large-scale alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline liquid circulation loop comprises an alkaline liquid filter (21) and an alkaline liquid circulation pump (23), and the alkaline liquid output end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the electrolytic tank (11) sequentially through the alkaline liquid filter (21) and the alkaline liquid circulation pump (23).
10. The integrated thermal management system for a large-scale alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production plant according to claim 9, characterized in that the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production plant further comprises an alkaline solution preparation tank (20), and the alkaline solution preparation tank (20) is connected to the input end of the alkaline solution filter (21) through an alkaline supplement pump (18).
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