CN111748822A - A comprehensive thermal management system for a large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a comprehensive thermal management system of a large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device. The system includes an alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device and a thermal management device. The alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device includes an electrolytic cell and a gas-liquid separator. The alkali liquor output end of the liquid separator is connected to the electrolyzer through the alkali liquor circulation loop. The thermal management device includes a heat management integrated heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separation heat exchanger and an alkali liquor circulation heat exchanger. The gas-liquid separation heat exchanger is provided with Between the electrolytic cell and the gas-liquid separator, the lye circulation heat exchanger is arranged in the lye liquid circulation loop, and the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange medium of the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger and the heat management integrated heat exchanger are connected to form a cooling electrolytic cell. The first heat exchange loop of the output lye in the mixed state of gas and liquid, the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange medium of the lye circulating heat exchanger and the heat management integrated heat exchanger are connected to form a second heat exchange circuit for heating the lye input into the electrolytic cell. heat exchange circuit. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can realize the effective comprehensive utilization of thermal energy and has good adaptability.

Description

A comprehensive thermal management system for a large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production from alkaline electrolysis water, in particular to a comprehensive thermal management system of a large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device.

Background technique

The source of hydrogen is an important issue in the development of hydrogen energy. Hydrogen is still used as an industrial raw material gas and has rich applications in the chemical industry. From the perspective of sources, there are mainly three mature technical routes; one is the reforming of fossil energy to produce hydrogen. The second is industrial by-product hydrogen; the third is hydrogen production by electrolysis of water. The main raw material for hydrogen production from fossil energy reforming is coal, which has low cost and mature technology, but the carbon dioxide emissions that cannot be eliminated and the use of fossil energy limit the large-scale green hydrogen production of this technology. Industrial by-product hydrogen mainly comes from coke, chlor-alkali, synthetic ammonia, propane dehydrogenation and other industries, which can provide low-cost hydrogen sources for the initial development of the hydrogen energy industry. Hydrogen production by electrolysis of water is environmentally friendly, flexible in production, and high in purity. If combined with renewable energy power generation and large-scale utilization of abandoned electricity, the cost can be significantly reduced, and it has a very high commercialization potential. It is the most promising method for hydrogen energy production. In the electrolysis of water for hydrogen production, the most mature technical route is the alkaline electrolysis water technology.

Through literature search on the prior art, it is found that the current research on large-scale electrolyzed water systems mostly focuses on the development and optimization of electrolyzed water equipment to achieve the integration of electrolyzed water equipment, cost reduction, and purification of product gases. Chinese patent document CN104911626B: a high-pressure water electrolysis hydrogen production electrolyzer discloses a high-pressure water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment including a positive end plate and a negative end plate Yuan ethylene propylene rubber pad greatly reduces the cost of rubber pad, and can be used repeatedly. Under high pressure, it can not only directly transport high-pressure hydrogen and oxygen, but also reduce the gas pressurization link and further reduce the cost. Chinese patent document CN1920100A: The method for continuously purifying water for electrolysis of hydrogen discloses a method for producing hydrogen by using 3 drying towers, which is periodically and continuously dried by continuous purification and electrolysis of water, which can not only continuously obtain high-purity product hydrogen, but also realize the non-waste of hydrogen. , can improve economic efficiency. Chinese patent document CN201326018Y: Pressure-type water electrolyzer discloses a water electrolyzer with high working pressure, the electrolyzer is composed of a pressure tank and repeated electrolysis units, the main advantage is that the gas pressure generated by electrolysis is high, so it can reach Lower operating voltage, resulting in higher electrolysis efficiency. Chinese patent document CN105483747A: a method and device for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water. It discloses a device for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water by using bipolar membrane to divide the electrolytic cell into cathode and anode regions. Conditional oxygen evolution reaction is carried out synchronously, thereby reducing the electrolysis voltage, reducing energy consumption and improving the efficiency of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water. Chinese patent document CN109055964A: an improved auxiliary heat device for electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment disclosed when the connecting block is sent into the main body of the hydrogen production equipment, according to the temperature of the thermostat. By setting the working temperature, the electric heating tube can be connected to perform auxiliary heat on the reacted liquid, so as to improve the hydrogen production efficiency.

Although the existing related research mentions that the efficiency of hydrogen production from alkaline electrolysis water can be improved by designing the interior of the alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production equipment system, in terms of temperature control, it is also considered to improve the hydrogen production efficiency by auxiliary heating of lye. However, there are still many deficiencies in the thermal management of electrolytic hydrogen production systems. Not only does not consider the comprehensive utilization of waste heat from electrolysis hydrogen production, the comprehensive thermal efficiency of the electrolytic cell cannot be higher than its hydrogen production efficiency, but also does not consider the thermal management technical requirements of the electrolytic cell under wide power fluctuation operating conditions, making it difficult to meet the requirements of electrolytic production. The long-term operation of the hydrogen system under low power load (such as 20% of the rated power), for the coupled electrolysis hydrogen production system applied to the renewable energy power system with large fluctuation and outstanding intermittent, the traditional alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production device Heat pipe systems are not only poorly adaptable, but also inefficient.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive thermal management system for a large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device with good adaptability and effective comprehensive utilization of thermal energy in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.

The object of the present invention can be realized through the following technical solutions:

A comprehensive thermal management system for a large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device, the system includes an alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device, and the alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device includes an electrolytic cell and a gas-liquid separator. The alkali liquor output end of the separator is connected to the electrolyzer through the alkali liquor circulation loop, and the system also includes a thermal management device, and the thermal management device includes a thermal management integrated heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separation heat exchanger and an alkali liquor circulation exchange Heater, the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger is arranged between the electrolyzer and the gas-liquid separator, the lye circulating heat exchanger is arranged in the lye circulating circuit, the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger and The inlet and outlet of the heat exchange medium of the integrated heat management heat exchanger are connected to form a first heat exchange circuit, and the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange medium of the said lye circulating heat exchanger and the integrated heat exchanger of thermal management are communicated to form a second heat exchange circuit, The first heat exchange loop is used for cooling the lye in the gas-liquid mixed state output from the electrolysis tank, and the second heat exchange loop is used for heating the lye liquid circulated and input into the electrolysis tank in the lye liquid circulation loop.

Preferably, the thermal management device further includes a heat storage component, and the heat exchange medium outlet of the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger is respectively connected to the heat exchange medium inlet and The inlet of the heat storage assembly and the outlet of the heat storage assembly are connected to the second heat exchange circuit.

Preferably, the heat management integrated heat exchanger is also connected to an external cold source, and the heat exchange medium circulating in the heat management integrated heat exchanger heats the external cold source.

Preferably, the integrated heat exchanger for thermal management includes at least two groups of heat exchange medium outlets with different temperature levels, which are a first heat exchange medium outlet and a second heat exchange medium outlet, respectively. The first heat exchange medium The temperature of the heat exchange medium output from the outlet is higher than the temperature of the heat exchange medium output from the second heat exchange medium outlet, the first heat exchange medium outlet is connected to the lye circulating heat exchanger, and the second heat exchange medium The outlet is connected to the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger.

Preferably, the heat storage assembly includes a heat storage tank.

Preferably, the heat storage assembly is connected to the second heat exchange circuit through the rear end splitter of the heat exchanger, and the input ends of the rear end splitter of the heat exchanger are respectively connected to the first heat exchange of the heat management integrated heat exchanger The outlet of the medium and the outlet of the heat storage component, the output end of the splitter at the rear end of the heat exchanger is connected to the lye circulating heat exchanger through the lye circulating heat management pump.

Preferably, the gas-liquid separators respectively comprise a hydrogen-side gas-liquid separator and an oxygen-side gas-liquid separator, and correspondingly, the gas-liquid separation heat exchangers respectively comprise a hydrogen-side heat exchanger and an oxygen-side heat exchange The hydrogen side heat exchanger and the oxygen side heat exchanger are respectively connected with the heat management integrated heat exchanger through the heat exchange pipeline to form two first heat exchange loops, and the two first heat exchange loops are respectively Correspondingly, a hydrogen side cooling pump and an oxygen side cooling pump are provided, the hydrogen side cooling pump is arranged at the inlet end of the heat exchange medium of the hydrogen side heat exchanger, and the oxygen side cooling pump is arranged at the exchange of the oxygen side heat exchanger. Inlet end of heat medium.

Preferably, the thermal management device is arranged in a thermally insulated bin.

Preferably, the lye circulation loop includes a lye filter and a lye circulating pump, and the lye output end of the gas-liquid separator is sequentially connected to the electrolyzer through the lye filter and the lye circulating pump.

Preferably, the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device further includes a lye reserve tank, and the lye reserve tank is connected to the input end of the lye filter through an alkali replenishing pump.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) The present invention is provided with a thermal management device, the lye circulation and the heat cycle are partially decoupled, the lye in a gas-liquid mixed state with a higher temperature is cooled immediately after it flows out of the electrolyzer, and the heat is collected to the thermal management device, And the cold lye is heated before it enters the electrolytic tank, so it can effectively avoid the heat loss caused by the hot lye in the gas-liquid separation and the lye pipeline circulation, and improve the utilization of the waste heat generated during the operation of the large-scale electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment. Rate;

(2) The present invention adopts the design that the lye in the gas-liquid mixed state is first cooled and then enters the gas-liquid separator, which greatly reduces the temperature of the lye in the gas-liquid mixed state entering the gas-liquid separator, so it can effectively reduce hydrogen or oxygen and alkali. The difficulty of liquid-liquid separation reduces the design and production costs of gas-liquid separators. At the same time, the lower lye temperature reduces the atomization loss of lye during gas-liquid separation, reduces the consumption of lye, and can reduce the production of large-scale electrolyzed water for hydrogen production. the operating costs of the equipment;

(3) The present invention adopts the design of partial decoupling of lye cycle and heat cycle, the lye temperature of each link in the lye cycle is generally reduced, and the required heat dissipation function is concentrated in the heat management integrated heat exchanger, reducing the The heat load of each component and pipeline in the lye cycle can reduce the thermal requirements of each component, which is beneficial to reduce the design and manufacturing cost of the auxiliary equipment of large-scale electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment;

(4) In the present invention, a heat storage assembly is provided, and the heat exchange medium with higher temperature flowing out from the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger is collected in the heat storage tank, and the temperature of the heat exchange medium can be maintained for a long time through the heat storage tank. , when the heat exchange medium output from the first heat exchange medium outlet of the heat management integrated heat exchanger does not have enough heat to heat the circulating alkali liquid in the alkali liquid circulation loop, the higher temperature heat exchange medium in the heat storage tank can be used to heat the circulation The lye solution can make the large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production equipment maintain the working temperature for a long time at a low working load, and effectively improve the wide power fluctuation adaptability of the electrolysis water hydrogen production equipment;

(5) The heat management integrated heat exchanger of the present invention is connected to an external cold source, and the external cold source is heated by the heat exchange medium circulating in the thermal management integrated heat exchanger, so that the large-scale electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment can be It can effectively supply heat energy to the outside world while preparing hydrogen, which can provide hot water and heating services for residents' lives, and can effectively improve the comprehensive thermal efficiency of electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment;

(6) The thermal management device of the present invention is arranged in an adiabatic bin, and the heat exchange medium circulation pipelines in the thermal management device adopt adiabatic design, which can reduce the overall external heat dissipation of the system, so to a certain extent, prevent the cooling liquid pipe The temperature drop caused by the heat dissipation outside the road increases the concentration of heat exchange between the thermal management system and the outside world, and can improve the thermal efficiency of comprehensive utilization of thermal energy.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the comprehensive thermal management system of the large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of parallel lye circulation and heat circulation in a traditional alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of partial decoupling of lye circulation and heat circulation in the present invention.

In the figure, 1 is the gas diaphragm valve on the hydrogen side, 2 is the gas diaphragm valve on the oxygen side, 3 is the gas-liquid separator on the hydrogen side, 4 is the gas-liquid separator on the oxygen side, 5 is the adiabatic warehouse, and 6 is the heat exchanger on the hydrogen side, 7 is the oxygen side heat exchanger, 8 is the hydrogen side cooling pump, 9 is the oxygen side cooling pump, 10 is the rectifier transformer, 11 is the electrolyzer, 12 is the lye circulation heat management pump, and 13 is the rear end splitter of the heat exchanger , 14 is the lye circulating heat exchanger, 15 is the hydrogen purification equipment, 16 is the oxygen collection or post-processing device, 17 is the heat storage front-end splitter, 18 is the alkali supplement pump, 19 is the heat management integrated heat exchanger, 20 is the The lye reserve tank, 21 is the lye filter, 22 is the heat storage tank, 23 is the lye circulating pump, and 24 is the cooling water tower.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Note that the description of the following embodiments is merely an illustration in essence, and the present invention is not intended to limit its application or use, and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

Example

As shown in Figure 1, a comprehensive thermal management system of a large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device includes an alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device, and the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device includes an electrolytic cell 11 and a gas-liquid separator. The lye output end of the liquid separator is connected to the electrolytic cell 11 through the lye circulation loop. The system also includes a thermal management device, which includes a thermal management integrated heat exchanger 19, a gas-liquid separation heat exchanger and an lye circulating exchange. Heater 14, the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger is arranged between the electrolytic cell 11 and the gas-liquid separator, the lye circulation heat exchanger 14 is arranged in the lye circulation loop, the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger and the heat management integrated heat exchanger The inlet and outlet of the heat exchange medium of 19 are connected to form the first heat exchange circuit, and the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange medium of the lye circulating heat exchanger 14 and the heat management integrated heat exchanger 19 are connected to form the second heat exchange circuit. In cooling the lye in the gas-liquid mixed state output from the electrolytic tank 11 , the second heat exchange circuit is used to heat the lye that is circulated and input into the electrolytic tank 11 in the lye circulation loop. The liquid exchange medium for heat circulation in the thermal management device of the present invention is cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid can be any industrial cooling medium with suitable working temperature. It should be noted here that the cooling liquid and the heat exchange medium are equivalent in the following description.

Specifically, the gas-liquid separators respectively include a hydrogen-side gas-liquid separator 3 and an oxygen-side gas-liquid separator 4, and correspondingly, the gas-liquid separation heat exchangers respectively include a hydrogen-side heat exchanger 6 and an oxygen-side heat exchanger 7, The hydrogen side heat exchanger 6 and the oxygen side heat exchanger 7 are respectively connected with the heat management integrated heat exchanger 19 through heat exchange pipelines to form two first heat exchange loops, and the two first heat exchange loops are respectively provided with hydrogen side heat exchangers. The cooling pump 8 and the oxygen side cooling pump 9 are provided. The hydrogen side cooling pump 8 is arranged at the inlet end of the heat exchange medium of the hydrogen side heat exchanger 6 , and the oxygen side cooling pump 9 is arranged at the inlet end of the heat exchange medium of the oxygen side heat exchanger 7 . The hydrogen output end of the hydrogen side gas-liquid separator 3 is connected to the hydrogen purification equipment 15 through the hydrogen side gas diaphragm valve 1, and the oxygen output end of the oxygen side gas-liquid separator 4 is connected to the oxygen collection or post-processing through the oxygen side gas diaphragm valve 2 device 16. The lye circulation loop includes a lye filter 21 and an lye circulating pump 23, and the lye output end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the electrolytic cell 11 through the lye filter 21 and the lye circulating pump 23 in turn. The alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device also includes an alkaline solution preparation tank 20, and the alkaline solution preparation tank 20 is connected to the input end of the alkaline solution filter 21 through the alkali replenishing pump 18.

The thermal management device is arranged in the thermal insulation bin 5, and the thermal management integrated heat exchanger 19 includes at least two groups of heat exchange medium outlets with different temperature levels, namely the first heat exchange medium outlet and the second heat exchange medium outlet. The temperature of the heat exchange medium output from the heat medium outlet is higher than the temperature of the heat exchange medium output from the second heat exchange medium outlet, the first heat exchange medium outlet is connected to the lye circulating heat exchanger 14, and the second heat exchange medium outlet is connected to Gas-liquid separation heat exchanger.

The thermal management device also includes a heat storage component, and the heat exchange medium outlet of the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger is respectively connected to the heat exchange medium inlet of the integrated heat exchanger 19 for thermal management and the inlet of the heat storage component through the heat storage front-end flow divider 17. The outlet of the thermal assembly is connected to the second heat exchange circuit. The heat storage assembly includes a heat storage tank 22 . The heat exchange medium with higher temperature flowing out from the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger is collected in the heat storage tank 22, and the heat exchange medium temperature can be maintained for a long time in the heat storage tank 22, which can be integrated in heat management. When the heat exchange medium output from the first heat exchange medium outlet of the device 19 does not have enough heat to heat the circulating alkali liquid in the alkali liquid circulation loop, the higher temperature heat exchange medium in the heat storage tank 22 is used to heat the circulating alkali liquid, which can make large The alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment maintains the working temperature for a long time at a low workload, which effectively improves the wide power fluctuation adaptability of the electrolysis water hydrogen production device. The heat storage component is connected to the second heat exchange circuit through the back-end splitter 13 of the heat exchanger, and the input end of the back-end splitter 13 of the heat exchanger is respectively connected to the first heat exchange medium outlet of the integrated heat exchanger 19 for thermal management and the heat storage component The output end of the splitter 13 at the rear end of the heat exchanger is connected to the lye circulating heat exchanger 14 through the lye circulating heat management pump 12.

The heat management integrated heat exchanger 19 also communicates with an external cooling source, and the heat exchange medium circulating in the thermal management integrated heat exchanger 19 heats the external cooling source. The large-scale electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment can effectively supply heat energy to the outside world while preparing hydrogen, and can provide hot water and heating services for residents' lives, and can effectively improve the comprehensive thermal efficiency of the electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment.

The comprehensive thermal management system of the large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device of the present invention includes two parts: lye circulation and heat circulation:

1, lye circulation

When the water electrolysis hydrogen production system works, the AC power supply is converted into DC electricity through the rectifier transformer 10 and enters the electrolytic cell 11 (also known as the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production module, which is the core of the system), where the water in the lye is electrolyzed into hydrogen Hydrogen and oxygen are respectively precipitated on the surface of the electrode, the volume ratio of hydrogen and oxygen is approximately 2:1, and enters the hydrogen and oxygen liquid outlet pipes, and flows out of the electrolytic cell 11 in two ways.

What flows out of the electrolytic cell 11 is high-temperature lye, in which a large amount of gas is mixed. First, the lye on the hydrogen side is cooled by the thermal management system in the heat exchanger 6 on the hydrogen side, and the lye on the oxygen side is cooled by the thermal management system in the lye heat exchanger on the oxygen side. After cooling, the cooled lye flows into the gas-liquid separator 3 on the hydrogen side and the gas-liquid separator 4 on the oxygen side respectively. Liquid separation, after passing through the hydrogen side gas diaphragm valve 1 and the oxygen side gas diaphragm valve 2 for adjusting the pressure respectively, the hydrogen gas is pressurized or stored after passing through the hydrogen purification equipment 15, and the oxygen gas enters the oxygen gas collection or post-processing device 16, which can be collected or Drain.

The lye circulating system pumps the lye discharged from the gas-liquid separator into the electrolytic cell 11 by the lye circulating pump 23 after removing the solid impurities through the lye filter 21 to form a closed-loop lye system. At the same time, due to the fact that in the process of electrolyzing water for hydrogen production, there will inevitably be trace amounts of alkaline electrolyte that may enter the purification equipment or discharge with the gas in the form of alkali mist, and it is necessary to periodically replenish the configured alkali solution from the alkali solution tank. The replenishment pump injects the amount of replenishing electrolyte in the lye circulation.

2. Heat cycle

The energy consumption of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production system is high, and it needs to be cooled and dissipated during normal operation, but it needs to be insulated or heated when working with a lower power load. The original electrolyzed water hydrogen production system does not comprehensively utilize heat. It is also impossible to solve the temperature maintenance during long-term low-load operation, so the present invention innovatively proposes a comprehensive thermal management system in which the lye cycle and the heat cycle are partially decoupled.

In the comprehensive thermal management system of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1, the thermal management device is placed in the thermal insulation bin 5 (except the electrolytic cell 11). In the thermal management device, all heat exchange medium pipes and equipment are insulated to reduce thermal management The system and the electrolytic cell 11 dissipate heat to the outside to improve heat utilization efficiency. The thermal management device mainly includes a hydrogen side heat exchanger 6, an oxygen side heat exchanger 7, a hydrogen side cooling pump 8, an oxygen side cooling pump 9, a lye circulation heat management pump 12, a heat storage tank 22, a back-end splitter, and a lye solution. The circulation heat exchanger 14 , the front end heat exchanger of the heat storage tank 22 , the integrated heat exchanger 19 for thermal management and the heat storage tank 22 . The hot alkali liquid flowing out of the electrolytic cell 11 is first cooled by the hydrogen side heat exchanger 6 and the oxygen side heat exchanger 7 respectively, and at the same time, the cooling liquid whose temperature is increased flows out from the two heat exchangers respectively, and is split through the heat storage front end. According to the requirements of the thermal management system, a part of the cooling liquid flows into the integrated thermal management heat exchanger 19 to receive external cooling and send the heat to the outside of the thermal management system for comprehensive utilization of thermal energy, such as providing domestic hot water or heating; or Enter into 22 heat storage tank 22 for heat preservation, so that when the electrolytic cell 11 cannot provide enough heat, the lye liquor can be heated by the reserve heat energy.

When the electrolytic cell 11 operates at rated power, the cooling liquid entering the heat management integrated heat exchanger 19, a part of which is partially cooled, enters the back-end splitter of the heat storage tank 22, and passes through the lye circulating heat management pump 12, enters the The lye circulating heat exchanger 14 heats the cooled lye, so that the lye entering the electrolytic cell 11 reaches the set temperature. Another part of the cooling liquid entering the heat management integrated heat exchanger 19 is firstly further cooled in the heat management heat exchanger. The cooled cooling liquid passes through the hydrogen side cooling pump 8 and the oxygen side cooling pump 9 and enters the hydrogen side heat exchange. 6, the oxygen side heat exchanger 7, to cool the hot alkali liquid flowing out from the outlet of the electrolytic cell 11.

When the working load of the electrolyzer 11 is low, the lye flow at the lye outlet will decrease, the lye temperature will decrease, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger will decrease. Even if the heat management integrated heat exchanger 19 does not cool the cooling liquid, the heat used to heat the lye liquid through the lye circulating heat exchanger 14 may also cause the lye liquid to be heated to the set value. In this case, the working temperature of the electrolytic cell 11 is lowered, and the working efficiency of the electrolytic cell 11 is further lowered, and the wide power fluctuation adaptability of the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment is lowered.

Therefore, the second major innovation of the present invention, apart from the partial decoupling of the lye cycle and the heat cycle, is that the heat storage tank 22 is introduced into the heat cycle. The cooling liquid in the heat storage tank 22 maintains a relatively high temperature, and the internal storage cooling liquid is continuously updated according to the management, and the hotter cooling liquid is introduced through the heat storage front-end flow divider 17, and the temperature of the cooling liquid inside the heat storage tank 22 is controlled at set value. When the working load of the electrolytic cell 11 is low, according to the requirements of the thermal management system, the hot cooling liquid in the heat storage tank 22 can be called through the back-end diverter of the heat storage tank 22, and then enters the alkaline liquid circulation heat exchanger 14, which can be used as alkali liquid. The lye provides more heat to ensure the temperature of the lye when it enters the electrolytic cell 11 . By storing a part of the heat in the higher temperature cooling liquid, the stable working time of the electrolytic cell 11 can be effectively prolonged when the electrolytic cell 11 is operating at a lower power, the efficiency of the electrolytic cell 11 can be ensured when the electrolytic cell 11 is operating at a low power, and the alkaline electrolyzed water can be effectively improved Wide power fluctuation adaptability of hydrogen production system.

The improvement principle of the comprehensive thermal management system of the large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device of the present invention:

The adiabatic heat management system of the present invention adopts two-way heat exchange, that is, the lye liquid is heated at the lye liquid outlet and the inlet of the electrolytic cell 11 respectively, the hot lye liquid and gas mixture are cooled at the lye liquid outlet, and the lye liquid is cooled at the lye liquid outlet. The inlet heats the colder lye solution with the previously cooled heat, and the lye solution cycle is partially decoupled from the heat cycle, which reduces unnecessary heat loss, which is beneficial to the comprehensive utilization of the heat energy generated by the alkaline electrolyzed water equipment. The comprehensive thermal efficiency of the electrolytic cell 11 is increased, and the power fluctuation adaptability of hydrogen production from alkaline electrolysis water is improved at the same time. The reasons for the improvement of the present invention will be described below.

In the traditional alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device, the lye circulation and the heat cycle are parallel. Referring to Figure 2, the lye in the gas-liquid mixed state with higher temperature flowing out from the outlet of the electrolysis water hydrogen production equipment in the working state, on the hydrogen side and The gas-liquid separation device on the oxygen side is sprayed with deionized water at room temperature for washing, continuously cooling and releasing hydrogen or oxygen. The separated lye is filtered by the lye filter, cooled by the cooling water tower 24 and finally passed through the lye circulating pump. 23 enters the electrolytic cell 11 again. During the lye circulation process, the heat cycle is parallel to it, and a large amount of heat is lost in the lye liquid flow, the gas-liquid separator and the cooling water tower 24, which is difficult to be utilized in a centralized manner. The power may be higher than the heating power of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment, resulting in a gradual decrease in the temperature of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment, a decrease in the catalyst activity, and a decrease in the efficiency of the water electrolysis hydrogen production.

Using the adiabatic active thermal management system of the present invention, the two-way heat exchange with the lye makes the lye cycle and the heat cycle decoupled from each other. Referring to Figure 3, the gas with higher temperature flowing out from the outlet of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment in the working state. The lye in the liquid mixed state first passes through the hydrogen/oxygen side heat exchanger 7, the temperature of the lye drops, and the heat is transferred to the cooling liquid, and then the lye is washed in the gas-liquid separator, and then passes through the lye filter and the alkali The liquid circulation pump 23, at this time, because the initial temperature of the alkali liquid circuit is low, the heat loss in the whole process is greatly reduced. The working medium of lye circulation is lye, the working medium of heat circulation is cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid can be any industrial cooling medium with suitable working temperature.

The cooling liquid is heated by the hydrogen/oxygen side heat exchanger 7, enters the heat cycle, and is regulated by the thermal management system. If the system has a high workload and needs to dissipate heat, the cooling liquid circulates into the thermal management integrated heat exchanger 19, Exchange heat with the outside of the system, which can be recycled or directly cooled; if the system has a low workload, no heat dissipation or heat preservation is required, the cooling liquid circulates into the heat storage tank 22 for short-term storage. After a part of the cooling liquid is partially cooled by the heat management integrated heat exchanger 19, it enters the alkali liquid circulation heat exchanger 14 through the alkali liquid circulation heat management pump 12, and heats the alkali liquid to be entered into the electrolytic tank 11. The cooling liquid flowing out of the heat exchanger 14 is returned to the integrated heat management heat exchanger 19 for heat exchange with the outside world and further cooling.

It can be seen that, compared with the parallel lye cycle and heat cycle of the traditional alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device, the adiabatic active thermal management system in the present invention is partially decoupled from the lye cycle and the heat cycle, and can concentrate part of the heat in the heat cycle. Management in the thermal management system reduces heat loss and energy consumption on the one hand; on the other hand, the required heat exchange with the outside world is concentrated in the thermal management integrated heat exchanger 19, which eliminates the need for lye circulation. The cooling effect of each component and pipeline can reduce the thermal requirements of each component, and at the same time can increase the temperature of cooling heat utilization, provide high-quality heat, and provide abundant heat sources for domestic water and heating.

In the embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 2 , before the improvement of the present invention, the lye cycle and the heat cycle of the traditional alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device are parallel. In the loop, the lye is electrolyzed in the electrolytic cell 11 to generate hydrogen and oxygen and generate heat, and the temperature rises to 95°C. After flowing out of the electrolytic cell 11, it is washed by deionized water in the gas-liquid separator, and the temperature is greatly reduced. The temperature is lowered to 65°C, and a large amount of high-quality heat source is dissipated and cannot be utilized. After flowing out from the gas-liquid separator, the lye liquid passes through the lye liquid filter 21 through the pipeline, the temperature drops to 62°C when it flows out, and then flows to the lye liquid circulating pump 23, and the temperature is 60°C when it flows out, and finally it is cooled by the cooling tower. , and reaches the set temperature, that is, 55 °C, when it flows out. The lye enters the electrolytic cell 11, is heated by the high temperature environment of the electrolytic cell 11, and also has heat released by the electrochemical reaction.

Referring to FIG. 3 , in the thermal management system of the present invention, which is suitable for a large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device, the lye circulation and the heat circulation are partially decoupled. When the electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment is working normally, in the lye loop, it is electrolyzed in the electrolytic cell 11 to generate hydrogen and oxygen and generate heat. The primary cooling is carried out in the heat exchanger 7, and the temperature is 75 degrees Celsius when it flows out of the heat exchanger. After washing in the hydrogen/oxygen side gas-liquid separator 4, the temperature drops to 50 °C when it flows out, and the temperature when it flows out of the lye filter 21. It is 47°C, and the temperature after flowing through the lye circulating pump 23 is 46°C, and enters the lye circulating heat exchanger 14, is heated to 55°C, reaches the set temperature, enters the electrolytic tank 11, and completes the lye circulation.

The heat circulation loop of the present invention is partially decoupled from the lye circulation loop, and the two loops are directly related in the electrolytic cell 11 . After the hot lye flows into the hydrogen side/oxygen side heat exchanger 7, the heat cycle starts to be decoupled from the lye cycle. When the large-scale electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment works near the rated power, in the hydrogen side/oxygen side heat exchanger 7, the cooling liquid of the heat circulation is heated, the temperature rises to 73 ℃, and flows into the heat management heat exchanger, Part of the cooling liquid is completely cooled to release high-quality heat source, which is comprehensively utilized by the outside world, cooled to 48 °C, and then enters the hydrogen side/oxygen side heat exchanger 7 to cool the hot lye; part of the cooling liquid is partially cooled, and part of the high-quality heat source. It is comprehensively utilized from the outside, the temperature drops to 65°C, and passes through the lye circulation heat management pump 12, enters the lye circulation heat exchanger 14, heats the lye, cools down to 58°C, and then re-enters the heat management integrated heat exchanger 19. After providing some low-quality heat sources for external use, cool them to 48°C, and re-enter the hydrogen side/oxygen side heat exchanger 7 to complete the heat cycle. When the large-scale electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment operates at a lower power, less heat is generated. At this time, it is necessary to call the higher temperature cooling liquid stored in the heat storage tank 22, and a certain amount of 71 °C cooling liquid is circulated through the lye The heat management pump 12 enters the lye circulating heat exchanger 14, and heats the lye to reach the set value, so as to maintain the temperature when the large-scale electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment is operating at a low power, so as to ensure the normal operation of the device, thereby enhancing the large-scale electrolyzed water production equipment. Wide power fluctuation adaptability of hydrogen equipment.

The above-described embodiments are merely examples, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. These embodiments can be implemented in other various forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and changes can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a comprehensive thermal management system of a large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device, the system comprises an alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device, and the alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device comprises an electrolytic cell (11) and a gas-liquid separator, The alkali liquor output end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the electrolytic cell (11) through the alkali liquor circulation loop, and it is characterized in that the system further includes a thermal management device, and the thermal management device includes a thermal management integrated heat exchanger (19), gas-liquid separation heat exchanger and lye circulation heat exchanger (14), described gas-liquid separation heat exchanger is arranged between electrolyzer (11) and gas-liquid separator, described lye circulation The heat exchanger (14) is arranged in the alkali liquor circulation loop, and the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange medium of the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger and the heat management integrated heat exchanger (19) are connected to form a first heat exchange loop, and the The inlet and outlet of the heat exchange medium of the lye circulating heat exchanger (14) and the heat management integrated heat exchanger (19) are connected to form a second heat exchange loop, and the first heat exchange loop is used for cooling the output of the electrolytic cell (11) The lye in the gas-liquid mixed state, the second heat exchange loop is used to heat the lye that is circulated and input into the electrolytic cell (11) in the lye circulation loop. 2. The comprehensive thermal management system of a large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device according to claim 1, wherein the thermal management device further comprises a heat storage component, and the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger The heat exchange medium outlet is connected to the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat management integrated heat exchanger (19) and the inlet of the heat storage component respectively through the heat storage front-end splitter (17), and the outlet of the heat storage component is connected to the second heat exchange circuit. 3. The comprehensive heat management system of a large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device according to claim 1, wherein the heat management comprehensive heat exchanger (19) also communicates with an external cold source, and circulates in the heat The heat exchange medium in the management integrated heat exchanger (19) heats the external cold source. 4. The integrated thermal management system of a large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device according to claim 1, wherein the integrated thermal management heat exchanger (19) comprises at least two groups with different temperature levels The heat exchange medium outlets are respectively the first heat exchange medium outlet and the second heat exchange medium outlet, and the temperature of the heat exchange medium output by the first heat exchange medium outlet is higher than that of the heat exchange medium output by the second heat exchange medium outlet The temperature of the first heat exchange medium is connected to the lye circulating heat exchanger (14), and the second heat exchange medium outlet is connected to the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger. 5. The comprehensive thermal management system of a large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device according to claim 2, wherein the heat storage component comprises a heat storage tank (22). 6. The comprehensive thermal management system of a large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device according to claim 4, wherein the heat storage component is connected to the second A heat exchange circuit, wherein the input end of the rear end splitter (13) of the heat exchanger is respectively connected to the first heat exchange medium outlet of the heat management integrated heat exchanger (19) and the outlet of the heat storage component, and the rear end of the heat exchanger is split The output end of the device (13) is connected to the alkali liquor circulation heat exchanger (14) through the alkali liquor circulation heat management pump (12). 7. The comprehensive thermal management system of a large-scale alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 1, wherein the gas-liquid separator comprises a hydrogen side gas-liquid separator (3) and an oxygen side gas-liquid separator respectively A gas-liquid separator (4), correspondingly, the gas-liquid separation heat exchanger respectively comprises a hydrogen side heat exchanger (6) and an oxygen side heat exchanger (7), and the hydrogen side heat exchanger (6) ) and the oxygen side heat exchanger (7) are respectively connected with the heat management integrated heat exchanger (19) through the heat exchange pipeline to form two first heat exchange loops, and the two first heat exchange loops are respectively provided with A hydrogen side cooling pump (8) and an oxygen side cooling pump (9), the hydrogen side cooling pump (8) is arranged at the heat exchange medium inlet end of the hydrogen side heat exchanger (6), and the oxygen side cooling pump (9) is arranged at the inlet end of the heat exchange medium of the oxygen side heat exchanger (7). 8. The comprehensive thermal management system of a large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the thermal management device is arranged in a thermal insulation bin (5). 9. The comprehensive thermal management system of a large-scale alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lye circulating loop comprises an lye filter (21) and an lye circulating pump ( 23), the lye output end of the gas-liquid separator is sequentially connected to the electrolytic cell (11) through the lye filter (21) and the lye circulating pump (23). 10. The comprehensive thermal management system of a large-scale alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device according to claim 9, characterized in that, the alkaline electrolysis water hydrogen production device further comprises an lye reserve tank (20), wherein the The lye reserve tank (20) is connected to the input end of the lye filter (21) through the alkali replenishing pump (18).

Images