CN111748743A - Corrosion-resistant steel for railway tank wagon and production method thereof - Google Patents
Corrosion-resistant steel for railway tank wagon and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
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Abstract
The invention discloses corrosion-resistant steel for a railway tank wagon, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.14% -0.18%, Si: 0.15-0.40%, Mn: 1.25 to 1.65 percent of the total weight of the composition, and less than or equal to 0.020 percent of PS is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cu: 0.15% -0.30%, Ni: 0.20% -0.40%, V: 0.050% -0.080%, Nb: 0.010-0.020%, Ti: 0.008% -0.020%, Sb: 0.05 to 0.15 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The production method comprises the steps of molten iron desulphurization → converter smelting → argon blowing → LF furnace → RH furnace → continuous casting → heating furnace → hot rolling → heat treatment. The yield strength is more than or equal to 345MPa, the tensile strength is 560-680 MPa, the yield ratio is less than or equal to 0.72, the elongation is more than or equal to 24 percent, AKV (-50 ℃) is more than or equal to 150J, the corrosion resistance is good, and the mass fraction of H with the mass fraction of 10 percent is adopted at the temperature of 23 +/-2 DEG C2SO4+ 3.5% NaCl solution for 24 hr, and the corrosion rate is not more than 0.8g/m2H, and has the characteristics of good welding performance and forming performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of low-alloy high-strength steel manufacturing, in particular to corrosion-resistant steel for a railway tank car and a production method thereof.
Background
The tank car is a transport vehicle with a tank-shaped body, is used for loading and transporting various liquid, liquefied gas and powdery cargos, including gasoline, crude oil, various viscous oils, vegetable oil, alcohol, water and the like, and plays an important role in the transportation industry. The tank car can be divided into two categories of railway transportation tank car and road transportation tank car according to the transportation mode, and the weather conditions of long-distance transportation of the railway tank car are complicated and changeable due to long-term open-air operation, and the service environment is particularly harsh.
The conventional tank body materials of the railway tank car are mainly divided into two types, one type is a container steel product with the brand numbers of Q345R, 16MnR and the like, and the application of the product is common; the other type is weathering steel for railway vehicles represented by Q450NQR 1.
With the development of the railway transportation industry, the materials can not completely meet the requirements of tank car manufacturing, and although container steel products of grades Q345R, 16MnR and the like have good impact toughness, lower yield ratio and better safety, the corrosion resistance of the container steel products is relatively poor, so that the service life of the railway tank car is relatively short; the weathering steel for railway vehicles represented by Q450NQR1 has good corrosion resistance, but has relatively high yield ratio and relatively low tank car safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing corrosion-resistant steel for a railway tank car and a production method thereof, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides corrosion-resistant steel for a railway tank wagon, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c: 0.14% -0.18%, Si: 0.15-0.40%, Mn: 1.25-1.65%, P is less than or equal to 0.020%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cu: 0.15% -0.30%, Ni: 0.20% -0.40%, V: 0.050% -0.080%, Nb: 0.010-0.020%, Ti: 0.008% -0.020%, Sb: 0.05 to 0.15 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The carbon equivalent is controlled to ensure that CEV is equal to C + Mn/6+ (Cr + Mo + V)/5+ (Ni + Cu)/15 is less than or equal to 0.47 percent.
A production method of corrosion-resistant steel for a railway tank car comprises the following process flows: molten iron desulphurization → converter smelting → argon blowing → LF furnace → RH furnace → continuous casting → heating furnace → hot rolling → heat treatment;
heating the furnace: heating the casting blank at 1170-1210 ℃ at the heating rate of 6-12 min/cm;
hot rolling: the initial rolling temperature is more than or equal to 1080 ℃, the cumulative reduction rate of the last three times is more than or equal to 25 percent, and the final rolling temperature is more than or equal to 800 ℃;
and (3) heat treatment: adopting a normalizing process, wherein the normalizing temperature is 850-890 ℃, and the heat preservation time is as follows: 25 min-35 min + plate thickness × 1 min/mm.
The main alloying element content of the invention is based on the following principle:
the content of C is 0.14-0.18%, C is one of indispensable elements for improving the strength of steel, and Fe in steel increases with the increase of carbon content3Increasing and quenching CThe hardness is also increased, the yield strength and the tensile strength of the steel are improved, the elongation notch impact toughness is reduced, the tensile strength is improved by about 90MPa when the carbon content is increased by 0.1 percent, the yield strength is improved by about 40MPa to 50MPa, but the elongation and the impact toughness of the steel are reduced along with the increase of the carbon content, particularly the reduction range of the low-temperature toughness is larger, the hardening phenomenon also occurs in a welding heat affected zone when the steel with higher C content is welded, the cold cracking tendency is aggravated during welding, and the welding performance of the steel can be improved without deteriorating when the C content in the steel is not more than 0.18 percent, so that the applicability and the feasibility in large-scale production are improved;
the Si content is selected to be 0.15-0.40%, the Si can reduce the graphitization tendency of carbon in the steel and improve the strength of the steel in a solid solution strengthening mode, but the Si can aggravate the segregation of impurity elements in grain boundaries, so the content of the Si is not suitable to be high so as to avoid reducing the toughness and weldability of the steel;
the Mn content is selected to be 1.25-1.65%, Mn has obvious effect on improving the strength of low-carbon and medium-carbon pearlite steel, generally speaking, the Mn content is below 2% and is beneficial to improving the toughness of weld metal, therefore, in low-carbon and high-strength steel, the Mn content is generally improved to be up to 2%, and in addition, Mn can also improve the solubility of Nb, V and the like in the steel;
p is less than or equal to 0.020 percent and S is less than or equal to 0.005 percent, because the P, S content in the steel must be controlled in a lower range, and the performance of the steel can be ensured only by smelting pure steel;
the Cu content is controlled to be 0.15-0.30%, the Cu can be beneficial to obtaining good low-temperature toughness, the fatigue crack propagation resistance of steel is improved, and meanwhile, the corrosion resistance of the steel can be improved, but when the content is too high, the toughness of a welding heat affected zone of a steel plate is reduced, and net cracks are generated in the rolling process of the steel plate;
ni has a certain strengthening effect, the strength of the steel can be improved by about 20MPa by adding 1% of Ni, the toughness of the steel can be obviously improved by the Ni, particularly the low-temperature toughness, the low-temperature toughness of a base material or a welding heat affected zone is obviously improved by adding the Ni into the steel, meanwhile, the corrosion resistance of the steel can be improved by the Ni, but when the content of the Ni is too high, the scale of the steel plate is difficult to fall off, and the steel is controlled to be 0.20-0.40%;
v is a strong carbonitride forming element, which prevents austenite grains from growing and refining grains by forming carbide, improves the normal temperature and high temperature strength of steel, can promote the formation of pearlite and can also refine ferrite laths, in normalized steel, V is often added together with Nb, Ti and the like, the effect of refining grains is achieved by adding Nb or Ti, the strength is increased by precipitation of V, the strength of the steel can be increased by more than 150MPa, when the content of V is too high, the number of precipitates is increased, the size is increased, and the toughness of the steel is reduced, the V is controlled to be 0.050% -0.080%;
nb can form fine carbide and nitride in steel, the growth of austenite grains is inhibited, the recrystallization temperature can be increased in the rolling process, the recrystallization of austenite is inhibited, the deformation effect is kept to refine ferrite grains, Nb precipitates in ferrite, the strength of steel is improved, the coarsening of grains in a heat affected zone is prevented in the welding process, and the like, a large number of research results show that Nb, V and Ti influence the strength and plasticity through grain refinement in the steel, and the effect of Nb is most obvious, and the steel of the invention controls the strength to be 0.010-0.020%;
ti is a strong carbide and nitride forming element, which can obviously improve the room temperature strength and the high temperature strength of steel, and can also improve the toughness of the steel due to the function of refining grains, a proper amount of Ti can improve the toughness of weld metal, but excessive Ti can form impurities in the steel, and in the low-alloy high-strength steel, the addition of not more than 0.020% of Ti is more appropriate from the viewpoint of improving the toughness of the weld metal, and second phase particles of TiN, Ti (CN) and the like formed by Ti can prevent the grains in a coarse grain area of a welding heat affected zone from growing, so that a welding joint is ensured to have good low-temperature toughness, and the content of Ti is selected to be 0.008-0.020%;
sb can form a compact protective film on the surface of steel, and simultaneously promotes the enrichment of Cu and P elements in a compact rust layer, so that the corrosion resistance of the steel is obviously improved, but Sb is easily enriched in a grain boundary to influence the formability and the toughness of the steel, the beneficial effects of Sb are fully played in order to reduce the adverse effect of Sb as much as possible, and the content of Sb is controlled to be 0.05-0.15%;
the present invention belongs to the field of low alloy steel production, and the low alloy steel is Fe-base steel.
The invention has the advantages that the corrosion resistance of the steel is improved by the composite benefit of Cu + Ni + Sb, and the steel is ensured to have enough strength, lower yield ratio, good obdurability and forming performance by solid solution strengthening, structure strengthening, precipitation strengthening, clean steel smelting technology and structure control technology, so that the safety and the service life of the railway tank car are improved.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the thickness of the finished product is 8-30 mm, the yield strength is more than or equal to 345MPa, the tensile strength is 560-680 MPa, the yield ratio is less than or equal to 0.72, the elongation is more than or equal to 24%, and AKV (alkyl ketene dimer) (50 ℃ below zero) is more than or equal to 150J; the etching method is adopted: temperature 23. + -. 2 ℃ 10% H2SO4+ 3.5% NaCl, full immersion for 24h, and the required corrosion rate is less than or equal to 0.8g/m 2. h, the product has the characteristics of high strength and toughness, low yield ratio, good formability, good welding performance, good corrosion resistance and the like, the structure is designed to be ferrite and pearlite, the steel strength is improved by adopting the smelting technology of clean steel and through the solid solution strengthening, structure strengthening and precipitation strengthening technologies, the corrosion resistance is provided by the composite benefit of Cu, Ni and Sb, and the safety and the service life of the railway tank car can be improved.
Detailed Description
Other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, which, when taken in conjunction with the drawings, illustrate by way of example the principles of the invention.
Example 1
The corrosion-resistant steel for the tank wagon comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c: 0.176%, Si: 0.217%, Mn: 1.28%, P: 0.012%, S: 0.002%, Cu: 0.16%, Ni: 0.26%, Ti: 0.018%, V: 0.063%, Nb: 0.018%, Sb: 0.053%, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, CEV ═ C + Mn/6+ (Cr + Mo + V)/5+ (Ni + Cu)/15 ═ 0.43%.
A production method of corrosion-resistant steel for a railway tank car comprises the following process flows: molten iron desulphurization → converter smelting → argon blowing → LF furnace → RH furnace → continuous casting → heating furnace → hot rolling → heat treatment;
heating the furnace: heating the casting blank at the temperature of 1205 ℃ at the heating rate of 6-12 min/cm;
hot rolling: the initial rolling temperature is 1095 ℃, the cumulative reduction rate of the last three passes is 30%, and the final rolling temperature is 835 ℃;
and (3) heat treatment: adopting a normalizing process, wherein the normalizing temperature is 850 ℃, and the heat preservation time is as follows: and (3) 30 min.
Example 2
The corrosion-resistant steel for the tank wagon comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c: 0.159%, Si: 0.378%, Mn: 1.45%, P: 0.015%, S: 0.005%, Cu: 0.2%, Ni: 0.27%, Ti: 0.016%, V: 0.064%, Nb: 0.016%, Sb: 0.068%, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, CEV ═ C + Mn/6+ (Cr + Mo + V)/5+ (Ni + Cu)/15 ═ 0.44%.
A production method of corrosion-resistant steel for a railway tank car comprises the following process flows: molten iron desulphurization → converter smelting → argon blowing → LF furnace → RH furnace → continuous casting → heating furnace → hot rolling → heat treatment;
heating the furnace: heating the casting blank at 1200 ℃ at a heating rate of 6-12 min/cm;
hot rolling: the initial rolling temperature is 1085 ℃, the cumulative reduction rate of the last three passes is 35%, and the final rolling temperature is 830 ℃;
and (3) heat treatment: adopting a normalizing process, wherein the normalizing temperature is 870 ℃, and the heat preservation time is as follows: and (5) 35 min.
Example 3
The corrosion-resistant steel for the tank wagon comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c: 0.165%, Si: 0.221%, Mn: 1.51%, P: 0.018%, S: 0.003%, Cu: 0.18%, Ni: 0.21%, Ti: 0.008%, V: 0.062%, Nb: 0.017%, Sb: 0.085% and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities, CEV ═ C + Mn/6+ (Cr + Mo + V)/5+ (Ni + Cu)/15 ═ 0.46%.
A production method of corrosion-resistant steel for a railway tank car comprises the following process flows: molten iron desulphurization → converter smelting → argon blowing → LF furnace → RH furnace → continuous casting → heating furnace → hot rolling → heat treatment;
heating the furnace: heating the casting blank at 1210 ℃ at a heating rate of 6-12 min/cm;
hot rolling: the initial rolling temperature is 1100 ℃, the cumulative reduction rate of the last three passes is 30%, and the final rolling temperature is 840 ℃;
and (3) heat treatment: adopting a normalizing process, wherein the normalizing temperature is 860 ℃, and the heat preservation time is as follows: and (5) 35 min.
Example 4
The corrosion-resistant steel for the tank wagon comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c: 0.142%, Si: 0.338%, Mn: 1.62%, P: 0.011%, S: 0.003%, Cu: 0.28%, Ni: 0.31%, Ti: 0.017%, V: 0.053%, Nb: 0.013%, Sb: 0.102%, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, CEV ═ C + Mn/6+ (Cr + Mo + V)/5+ (Ni + Cu)/15 ═ 0.46%.
A production method of corrosion-resistant steel for a railway tank car comprises the following process flows: molten iron desulphurization → converter smelting → argon blowing → LF furnace → RH furnace → continuous casting → heating furnace → hot rolling → heat treatment;
heating the furnace: heating the casting blank at 1175 ℃ and at the heating rate of 6-12 min/cm;
hot rolling: the initial rolling temperature is 1080 ℃, the cumulative reduction rate of the last three passes is 35%, and the final rolling temperature is 805 ℃;
and (3) heat treatment: adopting a normalizing process, wherein the normalizing temperature is 880 ℃, and the heat preservation time is as follows: and (4) 40 min.
Example 5
The corrosion-resistant steel for the tank wagon comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c: 0.146%, Si: 0.157%, Mn: 1.34%, P: 0.01%, S: 0.003%, Cu: 0.25%, Ni: 0.37%, Ti: 0.013%, V: 0.077%, Nb: 0.011%, Sb: 0.124% and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, CEV ═ C + Mn/6+ (Cr + Mo + V)/5+ (Ni + Cu)/15 ═ 0.42%.
A production method of corrosion-resistant steel for a railway tank car comprises the following process flows: molten iron desulphurization → converter smelting → argon blowing → LF furnace → RH furnace → continuous casting → heating furnace → hot rolling → heat treatment;
heating the furnace: heating the casting blank at 1185 ℃ at a heating rate of 6-12 min/cm;
hot rolling: the initial rolling temperature is 1090 ℃, the cumulative reduction rate of the last three passes is 30%, and the final rolling temperature is 815 ℃;
and (3) heat treatment: adopting a normalizing process, wherein the normalizing temperature is 850 ℃, and the heat preservation time is as follows: and (4) 40 min.
Example 6
The corrosion-resistant steel for the tank wagon comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c: 0.151%, Si: 0.287%, Mn: 1.58%, P: 0.009%, S: 0.002%, Cu: 0.15%, Ni: 0.37%, Ti: 0.018%, V: 0.071%, Nb: 0.014%, Sb: 0.573 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and 0.46 percent of CEV (C + Mn/6+ (Cr + Mo + V)/5+ (Ni + Cu)/15 percent.
A production method of corrosion-resistant steel for a railway tank car comprises the following process flows: molten iron desulphurization → converter smelting → argon blowing → LF furnace → RH furnace → continuous casting → heating furnace → hot rolling → heat treatment;
heating the furnace: heating the casting blank at 1190 ℃ at the heating rate of 6-12 min/cm;
hot rolling: the initial rolling temperature is 1095 ℃, the cumulative reduction rate of the last three times is 25%, and the final rolling temperature is 820 ℃;
and (3) heat treatment: adopting a normalizing process, wherein the normalizing temperature is 850 ℃, and the heat preservation time is as follows: and (5) 35 min.
TABLE 1 mechanical Properties and microstructure of the examples
In order to better reflect the advantages of corrosion resistance of the steel of the present invention, the present embodiment provides the corrosion resistance results of 1 group of comparative steels, which are industrial high strength weathering steel Q450NQR1, see table 2, corrosion method: temperature 23. + -. 2 ℃ 10% H2SO4+ 3.5% NaCl, full soak 24 h:
TABLE 2 Corrosion resistance results (g/m 2. h) for inventive example steels and comparative steels
As can be seen from Table 1, the yield strength of the steel of the embodiment of the invention is more than or equal to 345MPa, the tensile strength is 560-680 MPa, the yield ratio is less than or equal to 0.72, the elongation is more than or equal to 24%, AKV (-50 ℃) is more than or equal to 150J, and the steel shows excellent mechanical capability;
table 2 shows that the corrosion rates of the steels of the examples are all better than those of the comparative steel Q450NQR1, and the steels have excellent corrosion resistance.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims (3)
1. The corrosion-resistant steel for the tank wagon is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
c: 0.14% -0.18%, Si: 0.15-0.40%, Mn: 1.25-1.65%, P is less than or equal to 0.020%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cu: 0.15% -0.30%, Ni: 0.20% -0.40%, V: 0.050% -0.080%, Nb: 0.010-0.020%, Ti: 0.008% -0.020%, Sb: 0.05 to 0.15 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. A corrosion resistant steel for railway tankers according to claim 1, wherein CEV ═ C + Mn/6+ (Cr + Mo + V)/5+ (Ni + Cu)/15% or less 0.47%.
3. A production method of corrosion-resistant steel for a railway tank car is characterized by comprising the following process flows of: molten iron desulphurization → converter smelting → argon blowing → LF furnace → RH furnace → continuous casting → heating furnace → hot rolling → heat treatment;
heating the furnace: heating the casting blank at 1170-1210 ℃ at the heating rate of 6-12 min/cm;
hot rolling: the initial rolling temperature is more than or equal to 1080 ℃, the cumulative reduction rate of the last three times is more than or equal to 25 percent, and the final rolling temperature is more than or equal to 800 ℃;
and (3) heat treatment: adopting a normalizing process, wherein the normalizing temperature is 850-890 ℃, and the heat preservation time is as follows: 25 min-35 min + plate thickness × 1 min/mm.
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| CN110284060A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-27 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | A kind of Coal Transportation truck body high-strength anticorrosion steel and its manufacturing method |
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Application publication date: 20201009 |