CN111748145A - Nano-fiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts - Google Patents

Nano-fiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts Download PDF

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CN111748145A
CN111748145A CN201910230020.0A CN201910230020A CN111748145A CN 111748145 A CN111748145 A CN 111748145A CN 201910230020 A CN201910230020 A CN 201910230020A CN 111748145 A CN111748145 A CN 111748145A
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parts
thermoplastic elastomer
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nanofiber
polypropylene
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朴哲范
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/10Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08L23/12Polypropene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C08L2205/035Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/14Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
    • C08L2205/16Fibres; Fibrils
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2207/00Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
    • C08L2207/04Thermoplastic elastomer

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Abstract

The invention discloses a nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100-120 parts of polypropylene, 1-3 parts of polyester resin, 10-25 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer powder, 0.3-0.5 part of cross-linking agent, 0.2-0.6 part of compatilizer, 0.8-2 parts of silane coupling agent and 1-1.6 parts of antioxidant; the preparation method of the nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing the novel automobile part comprises the following steps: preparing a composite fiber material non-woven fabric, preparing nano fiber composite thermoplastic elastomer granules and carrying out injection molding on automobile parts. In the preparation process provided by the invention, the polypropylene is modified by preparing the polypropylene/polyester nanofiber/ethylene propylene diene monomer ternary composite system, so that the impact toughness of the modified polypropylene composite material is improved by 110%, the tensile strength is improved by 20%, the elongation at break is improved by 61%, and the bending strength is improved by 26%.

Description

Nano-fiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of processing and forming of polypropylene composite materials, in particular to a nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economy in China, the sales volume of automobiles is increasing day by day, people have more and more stringent requirements on preparation materials and related properties of automobiles, particularly in recent years, along with the social requirements on environmental protection and energy conservation, the lightweight of automobiles becomes a key core technology for research and conquer of people, one of the current ways of the lightweight of automobile bodies is to adopt light and efficient composite material parts, the composite material is a new material which is prepared from two or more different materials in a physical or chemical mode and is superior to self-constituent materials, wherein the application of the nanofiber reinforced resin composite material to the automobile body structure with the unique lightweight effect becomes the important trend of the automobile body lightweight technology in the automobile industry, the nanofiber reinforced resin composite material has good mechanical property and unique lightweight effect, and has the weight reduction rate as high as 60-70% compared with the traditional steel material, The nanometer fiber reinforced material has strong designability and is easy to integrally form, so the nanometer fiber reinforced material is widely applied to automobile parts with higher requirements on light weight. The polypropylene is the third most common polymer material after polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride, but the common polypropylene has poor toughness, low temperature and easy brittle fracture, and has a non-polar linear chain structure and high crystallinity, and the nanofiber reinforced polypropylene composite material is a composite material compounded by taking the nanofiber as a reinforcement and a thermoplastic resin polypropylene material as a matrix, so how to compound the nanofiber and the polypropylene to obtain the composite material which has high specific strength, high specific stiffness and high impact toughness and is easy to process and mold is a research hotspot and difficulty of related researchers at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts, wherein ethylene propylene diene monomer and polyester resin are added into polypropylene together, and in-situ fiber forming modification is carried out to form a nanofiber ternary blending system, so that the tensile strength of a polypropylene material is improved while the polypropylene is toughened.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100-120 parts of polypropylene, 1-3 parts of polyester resin, 10-25 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer powder, 0.3-0.5 part of cross-linking agent, 0.2-0.6 part of compatilizer, 0.8-2 parts of silane coupling agent and 1-1.6 parts of antioxidant; the preparation method of the nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing the novel automobile parts comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a composite fiber material non-woven fabric: drying the polypropylene, the polyester resin, the ethylene propylene diene monomer, the crosslinking agent, the compatilizer, the silane coupling agent and the antioxidant, uniformly mixing in proportion, and then adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder for melt blending extrusion; the temperature of each section of the double-screw extruder is set to be 250-260 ℃ in the feeding section, 245-250 ℃ in the compression section, 260-280 ℃ in the melting section and 240-250 ℃ in the homogenization section; the rotating speed of a main screw of the extruder is 80-90 r/min; after the extrudate blended melt flows out through a spinneret plate of a spun-bonded non-woven system, cooling the extrudate blended melt through a cold air box, drafting the extrudate blended melt through air flow, and collecting the extrudate blended melt on a web forming device to prepare a composite fiber material non-woven fabric, wherein the diameter of formed fibers is 100-500 nm, and the temperature of a spun-bonded component is set to be 260 ℃;
step two, preparing the nano-fiber composite thermoplastic elastomer granules: directly feeding the composite fiber material non-woven fabric prepared in the step one into a feeding port of a single-screw extruder, setting the temperature of the single-screw extruder to be 190-220 ℃, and performing melt extrusion and grain cutting to obtain a polypropylene/polyester nanofiber/ethylene propylene diene monomer nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer particle material;
step three, injection molding of the automobile parts: and (3) drying the granules prepared in the step two in an oven, then putting the granules obtained by drying into a plastic injection molding machine for melting, wherein the processing temperature is 200-220 ℃, and performing injection molding by using the injection molding machine to obtain the required automobile part.
The nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing the automobile parts is characterized in that the polyester nanofiber is one of polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate.
The nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts is characterized in that the diameter of the polyester nanofiber is 100-500 nm, the length-diameter ratio of the polyester nanofiber is 70-80: 1.
the nano-fiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing the automobile parts is characterized in that the compatilizer is one of macromolecular compatilizers PP-g-MA, POE-g-MA and SEBS-g-MA.
The nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing the automobile parts is characterized in that the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010.
The nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing the automobile parts is characterized in that the polypropylene is solid powder, and the particle size of the polypropylene is 100-200 meshes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the preparation process provided by the invention is simple and reasonable and easy to implement, and the propylene/polyester nanofiber/ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber nanocomposite is successfully prepared through the steps of pretreatment of polyester nanofibers, drying of materials, initial mixing of the materials, blending and kneading of the materials and extrusion granulation;
2. according to the invention, the polypropylene is modified by preparing the polypropylene/polyester nanofiber/ethylene propylene diene monomer ternary composite system, so that the impact toughness of the modified polypropylene is improved by 110%, the tensile strength is improved by 20%, the elongation at break is improved by 61%, and the bending strength is improved by 26%; the prepared composite material is lighter than the common filled glass fiber or inorganic mineral;
3. the polypropylene composite material prepared by the invention has wide application, and is mainly used for producing and manufacturing automobile parts such as automobile exterior wheel cover protection plates, automobile instrument panel interior protection plates, automobile instrument bodies, automobile bumpers, automobile door inner plates and the like.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments in order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present invention.
[ example 1 ]
A nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of polypropylene, 1 part of polyester nano fiber, 10 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer powder, 0.3 part of cross-linking agent, 0.2 part of compatilizer, 0.8 part of silane coupling agent and 1 part of antioxidant; the steps for preparing the nano-fiber composite thermoplastic elastomer of the novel automobile part are as follows:
step one, preparing a composite fiber material non-woven fabric: drying the polypropylene, the polyester resin, the ethylene propylene diene monomer, the crosslinking agent, the compatilizer, the silane coupling agent and the antioxidant, uniformly mixing, and then adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder for melt blending extrusion; the temperature of each section of the double-screw extruder is set to be 255 ℃ in a feeding section, 245 ℃ in a compression section, 270 ℃ in a melting section and 240 ℃ in a homogenizing section; the rotating speed of the main screw of the extruder is 80 r/min; after the extrudate blended melt flows out through a spinneret plate of a spun-bonded non-woven system, cooling the extrudate blended melt through a cold air box, drafting the extrudate blended melt through air flow, and collecting the extrudate blended melt on a web forming device to prepare a composite fiber material non-woven fabric, wherein the diameter of formed fibers is 100-500 nm, and the temperature of a spun-bonded component is set to be 260 ℃;
step two, preparing the nano-fiber composite thermoplastic elastomer granules: directly feeding the composite fiber material non-woven fabric prepared in the step one into a feeding port of a single-screw extruder, setting the temperature of the single-screw extruder to be 210 ℃, and carrying out melt extrusion and grain cutting to obtain a polypropylene/polyester nanofiber/ethylene propylene diene monomer nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer granular material;
step three, injection molding of the automobile parts: drying the granules prepared in the step two in an oven for later use; and during injection molding, the dried granules are put into a plastic injection molding machine for melting, the adopted processing temperature is 200 ℃, and injection molding is carried out, wherein the injection mold is an automobile instrument panel framework mold.
Further, the polyester nanofiber is polyethylene terephthalate; the diameter of the polyester nanofiber is 100-500 nm, and the length-diameter ratio of the polyester nanofiber is 70: 1; the compatilizer is a macromolecular compatilizer PP-g-MA; the antioxidant is 1010; the polypropylene is solid powder, and the particle size of the polypropylene is 100 meshes.
[ example 2 ]
A nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 110 parts of polypropylene, 2 parts of polyester nano-fiber, 15 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer powder, 0.4 part of cross-linking agent, 0.4 part of compatilizer, 1.5 parts of silane coupling agent and 1.4 parts of antioxidant; the steps for preparing the nano-fiber composite thermoplastic elastomer of the novel automobile part are as follows:
step one, preparing a composite fiber material non-woven fabric: drying the polypropylene, the polyester resin, the ethylene propylene diene monomer, the crosslinking agent, the compatilizer, the silane coupling agent and the antioxidant, uniformly mixing, and then adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder for melt blending extrusion; the temperature of each section of the double-screw extruder is set to be 255 ℃ in a feeding section, 250 ℃ in a compression section, 270 ℃ in a melting section and 245 ℃ in a homogenizing section; the rotating speed of a main screw of the extruder is 90 r/min; after the extrudate blended melt flows out through a spinneret plate of a spun-bonded non-woven system, cooling the extrudate blended melt through a cold air box, drafting the extrudate blended melt through air flow, and collecting the extrudate blended melt on a web forming device to prepare a composite fiber material non-woven fabric, wherein the diameter of formed fibers is 100-500 nm, and the temperature of a spun-bonded component is set to be 260 ℃;
step two, preparing the nano-fiber composite thermoplastic elastomer granules: directly feeding the composite fiber material non-woven fabric prepared in the step one into a feeding port of a single-screw extruder, setting the temperature of the single-screw extruder to be 220 ℃, and performing melt extrusion and grain cutting to obtain a polypropylene/polyester nanofiber/ethylene propylene diene monomer nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer granular material;
step three, injection molding of the automobile parts: drying the granules prepared in the step two in an oven for later use; and during injection molding, the dried granules are put into a plastic injection molding machine for melting, the adopted processing temperature is 220 ℃, and injection molding is carried out, wherein an automobile instrument panel framework mold is selected as an injection mold.
Further, the polyester nanofiber is polytrimethylene terephthalate; the diameter of the polyester nanofiber is 100-500 nm, and the length-diameter ratio of the polyester nanofiber is 75: 1; the compatilizer is a macromolecular compatilizer POE-g-MA; the antioxidant is 1010; the polypropylene is solid powder, and the particle size of the polypropylene is 150 meshes.
[ example 3 ]
A nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 120 parts of polypropylene, 3 parts of polyester nano-fiber, 25 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer powder, 0.5 part of cross-linking agent, 0.6 part of compatilizer, 2 parts of silane coupling agent and 1.6 parts of antioxidant; the method for preparing the polypropylene composite material for the automobile parts comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a composite fiber material non-woven fabric: drying the polypropylene, the polyester resin, the ethylene propylene diene monomer, the crosslinking agent, the compatilizer, the silane coupling agent and the antioxidant, uniformly mixing, and then adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder for melt blending extrusion; the temperature of each section of the double-screw extruder is 240 ℃ in a feeding section, 250 ℃ in a compression section, 280 ℃ in a melting section and 250 ℃ in a homogenizing section; the rotating speed of the main screw of the extruder is 80 r/min; after the extrudate blended melt flows out through a spinneret plate of a spun-bonded non-woven system, cooling the extrudate blended melt through a cold air box, drafting the extrudate blended melt through air flow, and collecting the extrudate blended melt on a web forming device to prepare a composite fiber material non-woven fabric, wherein the diameter of formed fibers is 100-500 nm, and the temperature of a spun-bonded component is set to be 260 ℃;
step two, preparing the nano-fiber composite thermoplastic elastomer granules: directly feeding the composite fiber material non-woven fabric prepared in the step one into a feeding port of a single-screw extruder, setting the temperature of the single-screw extruder to be 210 ℃, and performing melt extrusion and grain cutting to obtain a polypropylene/polyester nanofiber/ethylene propylene diene monomer nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer granular material;
step three, injection molding of the automobile parts: drying the granules prepared in the step two in an oven for later use; and during injection molding, the dried granules are put into a plastic injection molding machine for melting, the adopted processing temperature is 210 ℃, and injection molding is carried out, wherein the injection mold is an automobile instrument panel framework mold.
Further, the polyester nanofiber is polybutylene terephthalate; the diameter of the polyester nanofiber is 100-500 nm, and the length-diameter ratio of the polyester nanofiber is 80: 1; the compatilizer is a macromolecular compatilizer SEBS-g-MA; the antioxidant is 1010; the polypropylene is solid powder, and the particle size of the polypropylene is 200 meshes.
In order to verify the implementation effect and feasibility of the technical scheme, the invention carries out the verification of related experiments, the result of related test data is shown in the table below, and the comparison and calculation of related experiment data can show that the impact toughness of the modified polypropylene composite material is improved by 110 percent, the tensile strength is improved by 20 percent, the elongation at break is improved by 61 percent, and the bending strength is improved by 26 percent compared with the unmodified polypropylene.
Figure BDA0002006404590000071
Wherein PET is polyethylene terephthalate nano fiber, EPDM is ethylene propylene diene monomer, and 100 parts of polypropylene are taken as base materials
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts is characterized in that the polypropylene composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100-120 parts of polypropylene, 1-3 parts of polyester nano fiber, 10-25 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer powder, 0.3-0.5 part of cross-linking agent, 0.2-0.6 part of compatilizer, 0.8-2 parts of silane coupling agent and 1-1.6 parts of antioxidant; the steps for preparing the nano-fiber composite thermoplastic elastomer of the novel automobile part are as follows:
step one, preparing a composite fiber material non-woven fabric: drying the polypropylene, the polyester resin, the ethylene propylene diene monomer, the crosslinking agent, the compatilizer, the silane coupling agent and the antioxidant, weighing and uniformly mixing the dried materials in proportion, and then adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder for melt blending and extrusion; the temperature of each section of the double-screw extruder is set as follows: a feeding section of 250 to 260 ℃, a compression section of 245 to 250 ℃, a melting section of 260 to 280 ℃ and a homogenization section of 240 to 250 ℃; the rotating speed of a main screw of the extruder is 80-90 r/min; after the extrudate blended melt flows out through a spinneret plate of a spun-bonded non-woven system, cooling the extrudate blended melt through a cold air box, drafting the extrudate blended melt through air flow, and collecting the extrudate blended melt on a web forming device to prepare a composite fiber material non-woven fabric, wherein the diameter of formed fibers is 100-500 nm, and the temperature of a spun-bonded component is set to be 260 ℃;
step two, preparing the nano-fiber composite thermoplastic elastomer granules: directly feeding the composite fiber material non-woven fabric prepared in the step one into a feeding port of a single-screw extruder, setting the temperature of the single-screw extruder to be 190-220 ℃, and performing melt extrusion and grain cutting to prepare a polypropylene/polyester nanofiber/ethylene propylene diene monomer nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer particle material;
step three, injection molding of the automobile parts: and (3) drying the granules prepared in the step two in an oven, then putting the granules obtained by drying into a plastic injection molding machine for melting, wherein the processing temperature is 200-220 ℃, and performing injection molding by using the injection molding machine to obtain the required automobile parts.
2. The nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyester nanofiber is one of polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate.
3. The nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the polyester nanofiber is 100-500 nm, the aspect ratio of the polyester nanofiber is 70-80: 1.
4. the nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compatibilizer is one of macromolecular compatibilizer PP-g-MA, POE-g-MA and SEBS-g-MA.
5. The nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010.
6. The nanofiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polypropylene is solid powder, and the particle size of the polypropylene is 100-200 meshes.
CN201910230020.0A 2019-03-26 2019-03-26 Nano-fiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts Pending CN111748145A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112521692A (en) * 2020-12-03 2021-03-19 江苏金发科技新材料有限公司 Liquid crystal polymer material reinforced polypropylene composition and preparation method thereof

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070202769A1 (en) * 2004-09-30 2007-08-30 Sauer Gmbh & Co.Kg Device and method for melt spinning fine non-woven fibers
CN108367457A (en) * 2016-09-12 2018-08-03 舒·B·帕克 There are isotropization " instant " the plasticity pellet and preparation method of height entanglement nanometer fibril

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070202769A1 (en) * 2004-09-30 2007-08-30 Sauer Gmbh & Co.Kg Device and method for melt spinning fine non-woven fibers
CN108367457A (en) * 2016-09-12 2018-08-03 舒·B·帕克 There are isotropization " instant " the plasticity pellet and preparation method of height entanglement nanometer fibril

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112521692A (en) * 2020-12-03 2021-03-19 江苏金发科技新材料有限公司 Liquid crystal polymer material reinforced polypropylene composition and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20201009