CN111747492A - Laboratory waste liquid electrolysis device and electrolysis method - Google Patents

Laboratory waste liquid electrolysis device and electrolysis method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111747492A
CN111747492A CN202010656545.3A CN202010656545A CN111747492A CN 111747492 A CN111747492 A CN 111747492A CN 202010656545 A CN202010656545 A CN 202010656545A CN 111747492 A CN111747492 A CN 111747492A
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liquid
waste liquid
liquid level
control system
electrolysis
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牛云辉
陈林
唐乾坤
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Sichuan Runbang Litai Technology Co ltd
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Sichuan Runbang Litai Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/105Phosphorus compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/003Wastewater from hospitals, laboratories and the like, heavily contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/005Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]

Abstract

The invention provides a laboratory waste liquid electrolysis device and an electrolysis method, which solve the technical problem that the treatment effect of the heavy metal in a complex state in the laboratory waste liquid is poor or no effect at all in the prior art. The device comprises an electrolysis system, an acid medicine storage box, an alkali medicine storage box and a PLC control system; wherein the electrolysis system comprises an electrolysis cell body, an anode plate and a cathode plate; the anode plate and the cathode plate are arranged in the electrolytic cell body; a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are formed in the electrolytic cell body; the pH on-line detector, the liquid level meter, the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve, the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve, the acid medicine metering and dosing pump and the alkali medicine metering and dosing pump are respectively and electrically connected with the PLC control system. The laboratory waste liquid electrolysis device and the electrolysis method can treat free heavy metal ions in the laboratory waste liquid, can effectively remove COD, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals (in an ionic state and a complex state) in the laboratory waste liquid, and can automatically adjust the pH value in the treatment process.

Description

Laboratory waste liquid electrolysis device and electrolysis method
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electrolysis system, in particular to a laboratory waste liquid electrolysis device and an electrolysis method.
Background
The main source of the laboratory waste liquid is teaching and scientific research laboratories of research units and laboratories of higher colleges and universities. The waste liquid is divided into high-concentration laboratory waste liquid and low-concentration laboratory waste water according to concentration. The main components of the laboratory waste liquid are liquid invalidation reagent, liquid laboratory waste or intermediate product and various washing liquids, wherein harmful substances comprise organic and inorganic heavy metal ions, the problem of heavy metal pollution of water in China is increasingly serious, and the organic waste liquid is directly discharged to cause the water to be anoxic, so that aquatic organisms are anoxic and dead; waste liquid with excessive content of heavy metal ions such as mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and the like enters organisms through water, soil, food chains and the like and is continuously enriched, so that serious harm is caused to human health and social development. In 2015, the 'action plan for preventing and treating water pollution' is promulgated and started formally in China, and the strategic stage of the treatment of the water pollution problem in China is marked. How to reduce and eliminate the pollution of organic and inorganic heavy metal water is an important problem facing the modern society.
The applicant has found that the prior art has at least the following technical problems:
1. in the prior art, the treatment effect on the heavy metal in a complex state in the laboratory waste liquid is poor or no effect at all.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laboratory waste liquid electrolysis device and an electrolysis method, which are used for solving the technical problem that the treatment effect of the heavy metal in a complex state in the laboratory waste liquid is poor or no effect is achieved in the prior art. The technical effects that can be produced by the preferred technical scheme in the technical schemes provided by the invention are described in detail in the following.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a laboratory waste liquid electrolysis device which comprises an electrolysis system, an acid medicine storage box, an alkali medicine storage box and a PLC (programmable logic controller) control system, wherein the acid medicine storage box is connected with the electrolysis system; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the electrolysis system comprises an electrolysis cell body, an anode plate and a cathode plate; the anode plate and the cathode plate are arranged in the electrolytic cell body;
a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are formed in the electrolytic cell body; the liquid inlet is connected with a waste liquid inlet pipe, and the waste liquid inlet pipe is connected with a liquid inlet electromagnetic valve; the liquid outlet is connected with a liquid outlet electromagnetic valve;
the device also comprises a pH on-line detector for detecting the pH of the liquid in the electrolytic cell body and a liquid level meter for detecting the height of the waste liquid in the electrolytic cell body, the height of the acid medicine in the acid medicine storage box and the height of the alkali medicine in the alkali medicine storage box;
an acid medicine inlet pipe and an alkali medicine inlet pipe are respectively arranged between the acid medicine storage box and the electrolytic cell body; an acid medicine metering and feeding pump and an alkali medicine metering and feeding pump are respectively arranged on the acid medicine feeding pipe and the alkali medicine feeding pipe;
the pH on-line detector, the liquid level meter, the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve, the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve, the acid medicine metering and dosing pump and the alkali medicine metering and dosing pump are respectively and electrically connected with the PLC control system.
Furthermore, the electrolysis system also comprises an insulating separator arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate, and conductive filling particles are filled between the insulating separator and the cathode plate; the anode plate, the insulating partition plate and the cathode plate are all porous plates.
The device further comprises an aeration device, wherein the aeration device comprises an aeration pipe and an aeration fan, and the aeration pipe is connected to an air outlet of the aeration fan; the aeration pipes comprise a first aeration pipe extending into the electrolytic tank, a second aeration pipe extending into the acid medicine storage box and a third aeration pipe extending into the alkali medicine storage box; the aeration fan is electrically connected with the PLC control system.
The device further comprises a mounting device of the pH online detector, wherein the mounting device comprises a traction motor, a wire twisting disc and a protective sheath arranged on the outer side of the pH online detector; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the stranded wire disc is sleeved on an output shaft of the traction motor;
a connecting wire is wound on the stranded wire disc, one end of the connecting wire is connected with the stranded wire disc, and the other end of the connecting wire is connected to the upper end of the protective sheath;
the traction motor is electrically connected with the PLC control system.
The cleaning device comprises a cleaning water pipe and a cleaning spray head connected to the tail end of the cleaning water pipe; the cleaning water pipe is connected with a cleaning electromagnetic valve which is electrically connected with the PLC control system; the position of the cleaning spray head corresponds to the installation position of the pH on-line detector.
Further, the liquid level meter comprises a first liquid level meter and a second liquid level meter which are respectively arranged at the low liquid level position and the high liquid level position of the electrolytic cell body, and further comprises a third liquid level meter and a fourth liquid level meter which are respectively arranged at the low liquid level positions of the acid medicine storage box and the alkali medicine storage box.
Further, the liquid level meter is a non-contact external attachment liquid level sensor, an ultrasonic liquid level meter or a contact type liquid level sensor.
Furthermore, the anode plate, the insulating partition plate and the cathode plate are all porous plates.
Further, the anode plate is a ruthenium iridium electrode, an iridium tantalum electrode, a platinum electrode or a PbO2 titanium electrode;
the negative plate is a stainless steel electrode, a pure titanium electrode or a graphite electrode;
the insulating partition plate is made of UPVC, PVC, PE, PP, PC, polypropylene or nylon;
the conductive filling particles are any one or a mixture of any more of iron carbon, activated carbon particles, graphite particles, conductive metal oxide particles, ion exchange resin, activated carbon fibers, activated carbon felt, graphite felt and foam metal.
Further, the particle size of the conductive filling particles is 0.3-15 mm.
The invention provides a laboratory waste liquid electrolysis method, which is used for electrolyzing laboratory waste liquid by using the laboratory waste liquid electrolysis device and comprises the following steps:
(1) the collected waste liquid enters the electrolytic cell body through the waste liquid inlet pipe, when the liquid level of the waste liquid entering the electrode cell body reaches a high liquid level, the liquid level meter II detects that the liquid level of the waste liquid of the electrode cell body reaches the high liquid level and transmits a signal to the PLC control system, and the PLC control system receives the signal and then learns that the liquid level of the waste liquid reaches the high liquid level through the signal and controls the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve to be closed through the PLC control system to stop liquid inlet;
(2) controlling the start of the aeration fan through a PLC control system;
(3) detecting the pH value of the waste liquid by using a pH online detector and sending a detection result to a PLC (programmable logic controller) control system by using a signal, obtaining the pH value of the waste liquid by the PLC control system after receiving the signal and quantitatively adding medicine by using an acid metering medicine adding pump or an alkali metering medicine adding pump under the control of the pH value to adjust the pH value of the waste liquid to 2.0-2.5;
(4) respectively connecting an anode plate and a cathode plate of an electrolysis system with a positive electrode of a direct current power supply and a negative electrode of the direct current power supply to start electrolysis, and cutting off the power after 30-210min of electrolysis;
(5) detecting the pH value through the pH on-line detector again, sending a detection result to the PLC control system through a signal, obtaining the pH value of the waste liquid through the signal after the PLC control system receives the signal, and quantitatively adding medicine through the pH value control acid metering medicine adding pump or alkali metering medicine adding pump to adjust the pH value of the waste liquid to 7.5-8.5 to obtain a mixed liquid;
(6) the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve is controlled to be opened by the PLC control system to discharge the mixed liquid, after the discharged mixed liquid is subjected to solid-liquid separation, liquid and solid precipitates are respectively treated according to regulations, when the discharged mixed liquid is discharged to a low liquid level, a liquid level instrument transmits a signal to the PLC control system when detecting that the liquid level of the mixed liquid in the electrode cell body reaches the low liquid level, the PLC control system receives the signal and then knows that the liquid level of the mixed liquid reaches the low liquid level through the signal, and controls the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve to be closed through the PLC control system, and the liquid outlet is stopped; and simultaneously controlling the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve to be opened, and continuously feeding liquid into the waste liquid inlet pipe, and repeating the steps.
In the invention, when the method is applied to the electrolysis of the laboratory waste liquid, the removal mechanisms of COD, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metal ions and heavy metal complex ions are respectively as follows:
removing mechanism of COD and ammonia nitrogen:
the removal mechanism of COD and ammonia nitrogen is consistent, and is realized by the direct oxidation of the anode, and the anodic oxidation is realized by the discharge of water molecules on the surface of the anode to generate adsorbed OH, which attacks the organic matters adsorbed on the anode in an electrophilic way, and the following reactions occur:
2H2O→2·OH+2H++2e-
2NH3+6·OH→N2+6H2O
Figure BDA0002576976700000051
2·OH→H2O+O2
② the removing mechanism of phosphorus:
phosphorus usually appears as phosphate radical, and when the filler is iron carbon, conductive metal oxide particles, foam metal and the like, free metal ions are generated under the action of an electric field to generate stable phosphate precipitate with the phosphate radical, so that the phosphorus is removed.
③ heavy metal ion removal mechanism:
the method is characterized in that under the condition that the heavy metal ions have external direct current, the heavy metal ions are discharged and deposited at the cathode of an electrolytic tank, and hydroxide (OH-) in wastewater is discharged at the anode, so that the aim of removing the heavy metal is fulfilled, and the expression mechanism is as follows:
electrode reaction:
anode: 40H--4e-→O2(oxygen) × 2H2O
Cathode:
Figure BDA0002576976700000052
and fourthly, a heavy metal complex ion removing mechanism:
conductive particles filled between the cathode plate and the anode plate form a plurality of micro electrochemical processing units under the action of an electric field, and complex heavy metal ions (M (XY)m k-) Is negatively charged and is easily attracted by the positively charged side of the conductive particles, and loses electrons at the side to generate anodic oxidation reaction to release heavy metal ions Mn+Released heavy metal ion Mn+The heavy metal ion removal mechanism is adopted, and the anodic oxidation reaction mechanism is as follows:
M(XY)m k-+2m·OH——Mn++mXY((n+k)/m)-+2me-
based on the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention can at least produce the following technical effects:
(1) the laboratory waste liquid electrolysis device and the electrolysis method provided by the invention have the advantages of simple and compact structure, simplicity and convenience in operation, safety, high efficiency and stability in operation, the whole treatment process can be automatically carried out except that the manual operation is required for adding medicaments into the acid medicament storage box and the alkali medicament storage box, and the automation degree of the waste water treatment equipment is increased
(2) The laboratory waste liquid electrolysis device and the electrolysis method provided by the invention can be used for treating free heavy metal ions in the laboratory waste liquid, effectively removing COD, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals (in an ionic state and a complex state) in the laboratory waste liquid, and automatically adjusting the pH value in the treatment process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of an anode plate in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a cathode plate in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a left side view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a first liquid inlet pipe in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 6;
fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first aeration tube according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 9;
fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of D-D in fig. 9.
In the figure: 1. an acid medicine storage box; 2. an alkaline drug storage box; 3. a PLC control system; 4. an electrolytic cell body; 5. an anode plate; 6. a cathode plate; 7. a waste liquid inlet pipe; 8. a liquid inlet electromagnetic valve; 9. a liquid outlet electromagnetic valve; 10. a pH on-line detector; 10. an acid medicine inlet pipe; 11. an alkali medicine inlet pipe; 12. an acid medicine metering and feeding pump; 13. an alkaline drug metering dosing pump; 14. an insulating spacer; 15. conductive filler particles; 16. an aeration fan; 17. a first aeration pipe; 18. a second aeration pipe; 19. a third aeration pipe; 20. a traction motor; 21. a wire stranding disc; 22. a protective sheath; 23. a connecting wire; 24. cleaning the water pipe; 25. cleaning the spray head; 26. cleaning the electromagnetic valve; 27. a first liquid level meter; 28. a second liquid level meter; 29. a third liquid level meter; 30. a liquid level meter IV; 31. a liquid outlet hole; 32. an air outlet; 33. a direct current power supply anode; 34. a negative electrode of a direct current power supply; 35. connecting the side plates; 36. and a hook part is connected.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-11:
example 1:
the invention provides a laboratory waste liquid electrolysis device, which comprises an electrolysis system, an acid medicine storage box 1, an alkali medicine storage box 2 and a PLC (programmable logic controller) control system 3; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the electrolysis system comprises an electrolysis cell body 4, an anode plate 5 and a cathode plate 6; the anode plate 5 and the cathode plate 6 are arranged in the electrolytic cell body 4;
a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are formed in the electrolytic cell body 4; the liquid inlet is connected with a waste liquid inlet pipe 7, and the waste liquid inlet pipe 7 is connected with a liquid inlet electromagnetic valve 8; the liquid outlet is connected with a liquid outlet electromagnetic valve 9;
the device also comprises a pH on-line detector 10 for detecting the pH of the liquid in the electrolytic cell body 4 and a liquid level meter for detecting the height of the waste liquid in the electrolytic cell body 4, the height of the acid medicine in the acid medicine storage box 1 and the height of the alkali medicine in the alkali medicine storage box 2;
an acid medicine inlet pipe 10 and an alkali medicine inlet pipe 11 are respectively arranged between the acid medicine storage box 1 and the alkali medicine storage box 2 and the electrolytic cell body 4; an acid medicine metering and feeding pump 12 and an alkali medicine metering and feeding pump 13 are respectively arranged on the acid medicine feeding pipe 10 and the alkali medicine feeding pipe 11;
the pH on-line detector 10, the liquid level meter, the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve 8, the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve 9, the acid medicine metering and feeding pump 12 and the alkali medicine metering and feeding pump 13 are respectively and electrically connected with the PLC control system 3.
The laboratory waste liquid electrolysis device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, simplicity and convenience in operation, safety, high efficiency and stability in operation, all other treatment processes except for manual operation for adding medicaments to the acid medicament storage box 1 and the alkali medicament storage box 2 in the whole treatment process can be automatically carried out, and the automation degree of waste water treatment equipment is increased; in addition, the laboratory waste liquid electrolysis device provided by the invention not only can treat free heavy metal ions in the laboratory waste liquid, but also has a good treatment effect on heavy metals in a complex state in the laboratory waste liquid.
As an alternative embodiment, the electrolysis system further comprises an insulating separator 14 arranged between the anode plate 5 and the cathode plate 6, and conductive filler particles 15 are filled between the insulating separator 14 and the cathode plate 6; the anode plate 5, the insulating separator 14 and the cathode plate 6 are all porous plates. The insulating partition plate 14 is used for isolating the anode plate 5 from the conductive filling particles 15 so as to avoid short circuit; conductive filling particles 15 are filled between the anode plate 5 and the cathode plate 6, and the anode plate 5, the insulating partition plate 14 and the cathode plate 6 are all set to be porous plates, so that the electrolysis area of the waste liquid is increased, the electrolysis effect of the waste liquid can be increased, and the power consumption of a waste liquid electrolysis system is reduced; in addition, the conductive filling particles 15 can form numerous small primary battery effects in a bipolar plate electric field, so that the reaction efficiency is improved, the electrolytic reaction time is shortened, and the complex breaking effect on heavy metal complexes in waste liquid is good. The filling volume of the conductive filling particles 15 is the space volume between the anode plate 5 and the cathode plate 6, the higher the filling height is, the larger the volume is, the larger the contact area is, and the better the treatment effect is.
As an alternative embodiment, the anode plate 5, the insulating separator 14 and the cathode plate 6 are sequentially installed in the electrolytic cell body 4 from top to bottom, and the cathode plate 6, the insulating separator 14 and the anode plate 5 are parallel to each other.
As an optional implementation manner, the anode plate 5 and the cathode plate 6 are both provided with a connecting side plate 35, the top of the connecting side plate 35 is provided with a connecting hook portion 36, and the structure of the connecting hook portion 36 is matched with the structure of the edge of the electrolytic cell body 4; the anode plate 5 and the cathode plate 6 are hung on the edge of the electrolytic cell body 4 through the corresponding connecting hook parts 36. The anode terminal of the anode plate 5 and the cathode terminal of the cathode plate 6 are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the connecting hook part 36 (the cathode terminal and the anode terminal are not shown in fig. 1). In the installation, the cathode plate 6 is installed, the conductive filler pellets 15 are stacked on the cathode plate 6, the insulating separator 14 is placed on top of the stack of conductive filler pellets 15, and the anode plate 5 is installed directly above the insulating plate.
As an optional embodiment, the device further comprises an aeration device, wherein the aeration device comprises an aeration pipe and an aeration fan 16, and the aeration pipe is connected to an air outlet of the aeration fan 16; the aeration pipes comprise a first aeration pipe 17 extending into the electrolytic cell body 4, a second aeration pipe 18 extending into the acid medicine storage box 1 and a third aeration pipe 19 extending into the alkali medicine storage box 2; the aeration fan 16 is electrically connected with the PLC control system 3. The arranged aeration device can prevent the waste liquid in the electrolytic cell body 4 from settling, and the medicaments in the acid medicament storage box 1 and the alkali medicament storage box 2 can be kept in a uniform state.
As an optional embodiment, the device further comprises a mounting device of the pH online detector 10, wherein the mounting device comprises a traction motor 20, a wire winding disc 21 and a protective sheath 22 arranged outside the pH online detector 10; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the wire twisting disc 21 is sleeved on an output shaft of the traction motor 20;
a connecting wire 23 is wound on the wire twisting disc 21, one end of the connecting wire 23 is connected with the wire twisting disc 21, and the other end of the connecting wire 23 is connected to the upper end of the protective sheath 22;
the traction motor 20 is electrically connected with the PLC control system 3;
the protective sheath 22 is a hollow structure, and the hollow structure is set to facilitate the detection of the pH value and the flushing of the pH online detector 10. The pH online detector 10 is installed through an installation device, when the pH value is required to be detected, the PLC control system 3 controls the traction motor 20 to drive the wire twisting disc 21 to rotate, the rotation of the wire twisting disc 21 lowers the connecting wire 23, and then the pH online detector 10 extends into the liquid level of the electrolytic cell body 4 to conveniently detect the pH value; after the pH value detection is finished, the PLC control system 3 controls the traction motor 20 to drive the wire twisting disc 21 to rotate, the rotation of the wire twisting disc 21 pulls up the connecting wire 23 to wind the wire twisting disc 21, and then the pH online detector 10 is pulled away from the liquid level of the electrolytic cell body 4.
As an optional embodiment, the online pH detection device 10 further comprises a cleaning device, wherein the cleaning device comprises a cleaning water pipe 24 and a cleaning spray nozzle 25 connected to the tail end of the cleaning water pipe 24; the cleaning water pipe 24 is connected with a cleaning electromagnetic valve 26, and the cleaning electromagnetic valve 26 is electrically connected with the PLC control system 3; the position of the cleaning spray nozzle 25 corresponds to the installation position of the pH on-line detector 10. This device is when using, will wash water pipe 24 and connect on the water pipe, and pH on-line measuring appearance 10 carries out pH value detection back once, stretches pH on-line measuring appearance 10 through PLC control system 3 control traction motor 20 and draws 4 liquid levels of electrolytic cell body, then opens through PLC control system 3 control washing solenoid valve 26, and the running water gets into from washing water pipe 24, then washs pH on-line measuring appearance 10 through washing shower nozzle 25.
As an optional embodiment, the liquid level meter comprises a first liquid level meter 27 and a second liquid level meter 28 which are respectively arranged at the low liquid level and the high liquid level of the electrolytic cell body 4, and the first liquid level meter 27 and the second liquid level meter 28 are respectively used for detecting whether the liquid level in the electrolytic cell body 4 reaches the low liquid level and the high liquid level; the device also comprises a third liquid level instrument 29 and a fourth liquid level instrument 30 which are respectively arranged at the lower liquid levels of the acid medicine storage box 1 and the alkali medicine storage box 2.
As an optional implementation mode, the alarm device further comprises an alarm device, the alarm device comprises a first alarm device used for giving an alarm when the acid medicine storage box 1 is at a low liquid level and a second alarm device used for giving an alarm when the alkali medicine storage box 2 is at a low liquid level, and the first alarm device and the second alarm device are respectively and electrically connected with the PLC control system 3. The third liquid level meter 29 and the fourth liquid level meter 30 are respectively used for detecting whether the liquid level of the pesticide in the acid pesticide storage box 1 and the liquid level of the pesticide in the alkali pesticide storage box 2 reaches a low level; when the third liquid level meter 29 or the fourth liquid level meter 30 detects that the liquid level of the medicine in the acid medicine storage box 1 or the alkali medicine storage box 2 reaches the low liquid level, the third liquid level meter 29 or the fourth liquid level meter sends a signal to the PLC control system 3, and after the PLC control system 3 receives the signal, the PLC control system 3 can obtain the liquid level of the medicine in the acid medicine storage box 1 or the alkali medicine storage box 2 from the signal, and controls the alarm of the first alarm or the second alarm to inform a worker that the medicine needs to be added through the PLC control system 3.
As an alternative embodiment, the liquid level meter is a non-contact external attachment liquid level sensor, an ultrasonic liquid level meter or a contact type liquid level sensor. The liquid level meter is selected only by monitoring the liquid level at any time.
As an alternative embodiment, the anode plate 5 is a ruthenium-iridium electrode, an iridium-tantalum electrode, a platinum electrode or PbO2A titanium electrode;
the cathode plate 6 is a stainless steel electrode, a pure titanium electrode or a graphite electrode;
the insulating partition plate 14 is made of UPVC, PVC, PE, PP, PC, polypropylene or nylon;
the conductive filling particles 15 are any one or a mixture of any several of iron carbon, activated carbon particles, graphite particles, conductive metal oxide particles, ion exchange resin, activated carbon fibers, activated carbon felt, graphite felt and foam metal.
In an alternative embodiment, the anode plate 5 is a ruthenium-iridium electrode; the negative plate 6 is a graphite electrode; the insulating partition plate 14 is made of UPVC;
the conductive filling particles 15 are any one or a mixture of any several of iron carbon, activated carbon particles, graphite particles, conductive metal oxide particles, ion exchange resin, activated carbon fibers, activated carbon felt, graphite felt and foam metal.
As an alternative embodiment, the conductive filling particles 15 have a particle size of 0.3 to 15 mm.
As an alternative embodiment, the conductive filling particles 15 have a particle size of 0.5 to 6 mm.
As an alternative embodiment, the conductive filler particles 15 have a particle size of 1 to 4 mm.
As an optional implementation manner, the material of the liquid inlet solenoid valve 8 and the liquid outlet solenoid valve 9 is all copper or UPVC, and of course, the material may be other materials, and the selection of the material needs to meet the corrosion resistance.
In an alternative embodiment, the material of the electrolytic cell body 4 is UPVC or stainless steel, but may be other materials, and the material may be selected to meet corrosion resistance.
As an optional embodiment, the materials of the waste liquid inlet pipe 7 and the aeration pipe are both UPVC.
As an optional implementation manner, the pipe wall of the waste liquid inlet pipe 7 at one end extending into the electrolytic cell body 4 is provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes 31; a plurality of air outlets 32 are formed in the pipe wall of one end, extending into the electrolytic cell body 4, of the first aeration pipe 17, the pipe wall of one end, extending into the acid medicine storage box 1, of the second aeration pipe 18 and the pipe wall of one end, extending into the alkali medicine storage box 2, of the third aeration pipe 19.
As an optional implementation manner, the liquid outlet holes 31 are formed in the lower side of the pipe wall of the waste liquid inlet pipe 7, two rows of liquid outlet holes 31 are formed in the lower side of the pipe wall of the waste liquid inlet pipe 7 along the length direction of the pipe wall, and the two rows of liquid outlet holes 31 are formed in a staggered manner; the included angles a and b between the opening directions of the two rows of liquid outlet holes 31 and the vertical direction are both 45 degrees; the liquid outlet hole 31 is arranged to form an included angle of 45 degrees with the vertical direction, so that the risk of blockage caused by self-weight deposition of sediments in the pipe can be reduced as much as possible.
As an optional implementation manner, the air outlets 32 are formed in the lower sides of the pipe walls of the aeration pipes, two rows of air outlets 32 are formed in the lower sides of the pipe walls of the first aeration pipe 17, the second aeration pipe 18 and the third aeration pipe 19 respectively along the length direction of the pipe walls, and the two rows of air outlets 32 are symmetrically formed; two rows of the air outlet holes 32 are arranged at 45 degrees of included angles c and d between the opening directions and the vertical direction, and the air outlet holes 32 are designed into the structure, so that aeration bubbles can be distributed more uniformly, and the aeration effect is good.
The method for electrolyzing the laboratory waste liquid by using the laboratory waste liquid electrolysis device comprises the following steps:
(1) the collected waste liquid enters the electrolytic cell body 4 through the waste liquid inlet pipe 7, when the liquid level of the waste liquid entering the electrode cell body reaches a high liquid level, the liquid level meter II 28 detects that the liquid level of the waste liquid of the electrode cell body reaches the high liquid level and transmits a signal to the PLC control system 3, and after receiving the signal, the PLC control system 3 learns that the liquid level of the waste liquid reaches the high liquid level through the signal and controls the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve 8 to be closed through the PLC control system 3, and liquid inlet is stopped;
(2) the aeration fan 16 is controlled to start through the PLC control system 3;
(3) detecting the pH value of the waste liquid by using a pH online detector 10 and sending a detection result to a PLC (programmable logic controller) control system 3 by using a signal, obtaining the pH value of the waste liquid by using the signal after the PLC control system 3 receives the signal, and quantitatively adding medicine by using an acid metering medicine adding pump or an alkali metering medicine adding pump under the control of the pH value to adjust the pH value of the waste liquid to 2.0-2.5;
when the pH value detection is needed, the PLC control system 3 controls the traction motor 20 to extend the pH on-line detector 10 below the liquid level of the electrolytic cell body 4, and after the pH value detection is finished, the PLC control system 3 controls the traction motor 20 to pull the pH on-line detector 10 away from the liquid level of the electrolytic cell body 4; then, the PLC control system 3 controls the cleaning device to clean the pH on-line detector 10;
(4) connecting the anode plate 5 and the cathode plate 6 of the electrolysis system with the positive electrode 33 and the negative electrode 34 of the direct current power supply respectively to start electrolysis, and cutting off the power supply after 30-210min of electrolysis; the direct current power supply is a current-stabilizing voltage-stabilizing power supply, and the current density of the direct current power supply is 133A/dm3
(5) Detecting the pH value through the pH on-line detector 10 again, sending a detection result to the PLC control system 3 through a signal, obtaining the pH value of the waste liquid through the signal after the PLC control system 3 receives the signal, and regulating the pH value of the waste liquid to 7.5-8.5 through the pH value control acid metering dosing pump or alkali metering dosing pump for quantitative dosing to obtain a mixed liquid;
similarly, when the pH value is required to be detected, the PLC control system 3 controls the traction motor 20 to extend the pH online detector 10 below the liquid level of the electrolytic cell body 4, and after the pH value is detected, the PLC control system 3 controls the traction motor 20 to pull the pH online detector 10 away from the liquid level of the electrolytic cell body 4; then, the PLC control system 3 controls the cleaning device to clean the pH on-line detector 10;
(6) the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve 9 is controlled to be opened through the PLC control system 3 to discharge the mixed liquid, after the discharged mixed liquid is subjected to solid-liquid separation, liquid and solid precipitates are respectively treated according to regulations, when the discharged mixed liquid is discharged to a low liquid level, a liquid level instrument I27 detects that the liquid level of the mixed liquid in the electrode cell body reaches the low liquid level and transmits a signal to the PLC control system 3, the PLC control system 3 receives the signal and knows that the liquid level of the mixed liquid reaches the low liquid level through the signal, and the PLC control system 3 controls the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve 9 to be closed to stop liquid outlet; and meanwhile, the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve 8 is controlled to be opened, the waste liquid inlet pipe 7 continues to feed liquid, and the electrolysis of the laboratory waste liquid can be continuously carried out by repeating the steps.
Example 2:
the electrolysis of the laboratory waste liquid was carried out using the laboratory waste liquid electrolysis apparatus in example 1.
An anode plate 5: a porous ruthenium iridium anode plate 5;
a cathode plate 6: a porous stainless steel cathode plate 6;
conductive filler particles 15: activated carbon particles (particle size 2 mm);
current density: 133A/dm3
Treating waste liquid: 1057.62mg/L inorganic waste liquid containing copper ions;
the anode plate 5 is connected with a positive pole 33 of a steady-current and steady-voltage direct-current power supply through a binding post of the anode plate 5, the cathode plate 6 is connected with a negative pole 34 of the steady-current and steady-voltage direct-current power supply through a binding post of the cathode plate 6, and the acid and alkali medicine storage boxes are respectively filled with sufficient acid and alkali medicines. Clicking a start operation button of the PLC control system 3, opening the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve 8, enabling the inorganic waste liquid to enter the electrolytic cell from the waste liquid inlet pipe 7, closing the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve 8 when the inorganic waste liquid reaches a high liquid level, and automatically performing subsequent treatment links such as acid adjustment (adjusting the pH value to 2.0-2.5), electrolysis, alkali adjustment (adjusting the pH value to 7.5-8.5) and the like, wherein the following steps are copper ion residual quantity in different times of electrolysis, and the following step is as follows, in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 residual amount of copper ions at different times of electrolysis in example 2
Time (min) Copper ion concentration (mg/L) Removal rate%
0 1057.62 0.000
30 20.54 98.058
60 3.42 99.677
90 0.78 99.926
120 0.04 99.996
Example 3:
conductive filler particles 15: iron carbon particles (particle size 2 mm);
the rest of the process was the same as in example 2.
Table 2 below is the copper ion residual for different times of electrolysis:
TABLE 2 residual copper ion content at different times of electrolysis in example 3
Time (min) Copper ion concentration (mg/L) Removal rate%
0 1057.62 0.000
30 12.1 98.856
60 0.27 99.974
90 0.06 99.994
120 0.01 99.999
Example 4:
treating waste liquid: inorganic waste liquid containing 847.39mg/L cadmium ions;
the rest is the same as in example 3.
The following table 3 shows the residual amount of cadmium ions at different times of electrolysis:
TABLE 3 residual amount of cadmium ions at different times of electrolysis in example 4
Time (min) Cadmium ion concentration (mg/L) Removal rate%
0 847.39 0.000
30 24.06 97.161
60 10.37 98.776
90 5.62 99.337
120 1.03 99.878
150 0.13 99.985
180 0.05 99.994
Example 5:
treating waste liquid: inorganic waste liquid with COD value of 1506 mg/L;
the rest is the same as in example 3.
Table 4 below is the COD residual for different times of electrolysis:
TABLE 4 residual COD at different times of electrolysis in example 5
Time (min) COD(mg/L) Removal rate%
0 1506 0.000
30 843 44.024
60 419 72.178
90 210 86.056
120 74 95.086
150 25 98.340
180 12 99.203
Example 6:
an anode plate 5: a porous iridium tantalum anode plate 5;
a cathode plate 6: a porous stainless steel cathode plate 6;
conductive filler particles 15: graphite particles (particle size 3 mm);
treating waste liquid: inorganic mixed waste liquid containing 984.21mg/L lead ions, 573.63mg/L cadmium ions and a COD value of 1680.33 mg/L;
the rest of the process was the same as in example 2.
The following table 5 shows the residual amounts of various heavy metals in the waste liquid at different times of electrolysis:
TABLE 5 residual amounts of various heavy metals electrolyzed for different times in example 6
Figure BDA0002576976700000151
Example 7:
an anode plate 5: a porous platinum anode plate 5;
a cathode plate 6: a porous pure titanium cathode plate 6;
conductive filler particles 15: activated carbon fiber particles (particle size 15 mm);
treating waste liquid: inorganic mixed waste liquid containing 1057.62mg/L copper ions, 778.64mg/L trivalent chromium ions and 688.32mg/L manganese ions;
the rest of the process was the same as in example 2.
Table 6 below shows the residual amounts of various heavy metals in the waste liquid at different times of electrolysis:
TABLE 6 residual amounts of various heavy metals electrolyzed for different times in example 7
Figure BDA0002576976700000161
Example 8:
an anode plate 5: porous PbO2A titanium anode plate 5;
a cathode plate 6: a porous graphite cathode plate 6;
conductive filler particles 15: foam metal particles (particle size 0.3 mm);
treating waste liquid: inorganic waste liquid containing 1271.33mg/LEDTA complex copper ions;
the rest of the process was the same as in example 2.
The following table 7 shows the residual amounts of various heavy metals in the waste liquid at different times of electrolysis:
TABLE 7 residual amounts of various heavy metals electrolyzed for different times in example 8
Time (min) Copper ion concentration (mg/L) Removal rate%
0 1271.33 0.00
30 127.19 90.00
60 40.17 96.84
90 7.41 99.42
120 1.08 99.92
150 0.05 100.00
180 Not detected out 100.00
Example 9:
an anode plate 5: a porous iridium tantalum anode plate 5;
a cathode plate 6: a porous graphite cathode plate 6;
conductive filler particles 15: graphite particles (particle size 6 mm);
treating waste liquid: inorganic waste liquid containing 1091.58mg/LEDTA complex chromium ion (III);
the rest of the process was the same as in example 2.
The following table 8 shows the residual amounts of various heavy metals in the waste liquid at different times of electrolysis:
TABLE 8 residual amounts of various heavy metals electrolyzed for different times in example 9
Time (min) Chromium ion (III) concentration (mg/L) Removal rate%
0 1091.58 0.00
30 36.87 96.62
60 10.51 99.04
90 1.25 99.89
120 0.05 100.00
150 Not detected out 100.00
180 Not detected out 100.00
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a laboratory waste liquid electrolytic device which characterized in that: comprises an electrolysis system, an acid medicine storage box, an alkali medicine storage box and a PLC control system; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the electrolysis system comprises an electrolysis cell body, an anode plate and a cathode plate; the anode plate and the cathode plate are arranged in the electrolytic cell body;
a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are formed in the electrolytic cell body; the liquid inlet is connected with a waste liquid inlet pipe, and the waste liquid inlet pipe is connected with a liquid inlet electromagnetic valve; the liquid outlet is connected with a liquid outlet electromagnetic valve;
the device also comprises a pH on-line detector for detecting the pH of the liquid in the electrolytic cell body and a liquid level meter for detecting the height of the waste liquid in the electrolytic cell body, the height of the acid medicine in the acid medicine storage box and the height of the alkali medicine in the alkali medicine storage box;
an acid medicine inlet pipe and an alkali medicine inlet pipe are respectively arranged between the acid medicine storage box and the electrolytic cell body; an acid medicine metering and feeding pump and an alkali medicine metering and feeding pump are respectively arranged on the acid medicine feeding pipe and the alkali medicine feeding pipe;
the pH on-line detector, the liquid level meter, the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve, the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve, the acid medicine metering and dosing pump and the alkali medicine metering and dosing pump are respectively and electrically connected with the PLC control system.
2. The laboratory waste liquid electrolyzer of claim 1, characterized in that: the electrolytic system also comprises an insulating separator arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate, and conductive filling particles are filled between the insulating separator and the cathode plate; the anode plate, the insulating partition plate and the cathode plate are all porous plates.
3. The laboratory waste liquid electrolyzer of claim 2 characterized in that: the aeration device comprises an aeration pipe and an aeration fan, wherein the aeration pipe is connected to an air outlet of the aeration fan; the aeration pipes comprise a first aeration pipe extending into the electrolytic tank, a second aeration pipe extending into the acid medicine storage box and a third aeration pipe extending into the alkali medicine storage box; the aeration fan is electrically connected with the PLC control system.
4. The laboratory waste liquid electrolyzer of claim 3, characterized in that: the device comprises a traction motor, a wire twisting disc and a protective sheath arranged on the outer side of the pH online detector; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the stranded wire disc is sleeved on an output shaft of the traction motor;
a connecting wire is wound on the stranded wire disc, one end of the connecting wire is connected with the stranded wire disc, and the other end of the connecting wire is connected to the upper end of the protective sheath;
the traction motor is electrically connected with the PLC control system.
5. The laboratory waste liquid electrolyzer of claim 4, characterized in that: the cleaning device comprises a cleaning water pipe and a cleaning spray head connected to the tail end of the cleaning water pipe; the cleaning water pipe is connected with a cleaning electromagnetic valve which is electrically connected with the PLC control system; the position of the cleaning spray head corresponds to the installation position of the pH on-line detector.
6. The laboratory waste liquid electrolysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the liquid level meter comprises a first liquid level meter and a second liquid level meter which are respectively arranged at the low liquid level position and the high liquid level position of the electrolytic cell body, and further comprises a third liquid level meter and a fourth liquid level meter which are respectively arranged at the low liquid level positions of the acid medicine storage box and the alkali medicine storage box.
7. The laboratory waste liquid electrolyzer of claim 6, characterized in that: the liquid level meter is a non-contact external-attached liquid level sensor, an ultrasonic liquid level meter or a contact liquid level sensor.
8. The laboratory waste liquid electrolyzer of claim 7, characterized in that: the anode plate is a ruthenium iridium electrode, an iridium tantalum electrode, a platinum electrode or PbO2A titanium electrode;
the negative plate is a stainless steel electrode, a pure titanium electrode or a graphite electrode;
the insulating partition plate is made of UPVC, PVC, PE, PP, PC, polypropylene or nylon;
the conductive filling particles are any one or a mixture of any more of iron carbon, activated carbon particles, graphite particles, conductive metal oxide particles, ion exchange resin, activated carbon fibers, activated carbon felt, graphite felt and foam metal.
9. The laboratory waste liquid electrolyzer of claim 8, characterized in that: the particle size of the conductive filling particles is 0.3-15 mm.
10. A method for electrolyzing laboratory waste liquid is characterized in that: use of the laboratory waste electrolyte apparatus of any of claims 1-9 for the electrolysis of laboratory waste comprising the steps of:
(1) the collected waste liquid enters the electrolytic cell body through the waste liquid inlet pipe, when the liquid level of the waste liquid entering the electrode cell body reaches a high liquid level, the liquid level meter II detects that the liquid level of the waste liquid of the electrode cell body reaches the high liquid level and transmits a signal to the PLC control system, and the PLC control system receives the signal and then learns that the liquid level of the waste liquid reaches the high liquid level through the signal and controls the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve to be closed through the PLC control system to stop liquid inlet;
(2) controlling the start of the aeration fan through a PLC control system;
(3) detecting the pH value of the waste liquid by using a pH online detector and sending a detection result to a PLC (programmable logic controller) control system by using a signal, obtaining the pH value of the waste liquid by the PLC control system after receiving the signal and quantitatively adding medicine by using an acid metering medicine adding pump or an alkali metering medicine adding pump under the control of the pH value to adjust the pH value of the waste liquid to 2.0-2.5;
(4) respectively connecting an anode plate and a cathode plate of an electrolysis system with a positive electrode of a direct current power supply and a negative electrode of the direct current power supply to start electrolysis, and cutting off the power after 30-210min of electrolysis;
(5) detecting the pH value through the pH on-line detector again, sending a detection result to the PLC control system through a signal, obtaining the pH value of the waste liquid through the signal after the PLC control system receives the signal, and quantitatively adding medicine through the pH value control acid metering medicine adding pump or alkali metering medicine adding pump to adjust the pH value of the waste liquid to 7.5-8.5 to obtain a mixed liquid;
(6) the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve is controlled to be opened by the PLC control system to discharge the mixed liquid, after the discharged mixed liquid is subjected to solid-liquid separation, liquid and solid precipitates are respectively treated according to regulations, when the discharged mixed liquid is discharged to a low liquid level, a liquid level instrument transmits a signal to the PLC control system when detecting that the liquid level of the mixed liquid in the electrode cell body reaches the low liquid level, the PLC control system receives the signal and then knows that the liquid level of the mixed liquid reaches the low liquid level through the signal, and controls the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve to be closed through the PLC control system, and the liquid outlet is stopped; and simultaneously controlling the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve to be opened, and continuously feeding liquid into the waste liquid inlet pipe, and repeating the steps.
CN202010656545.3A 2020-06-18 2020-07-09 Laboratory waste liquid electrolysis device and electrolysis method Pending CN111747492A (en)

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