CN111747377A - Low-stress silicon-based thick film based on silicon on insulator and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-stress silicon-based thick film based on silicon on insulator and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- B81C1/00349—Creating layers of material on a substrate
- B81C1/00365—Creating layers of material on a substrate having low tensile stress between layers
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
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- H01L21/02123—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon
- H01L21/02164—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material being a silicon oxide, e.g. SiO2
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- H01L21/0217—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material being a silicon nitride not containing oxygen, e.g. SixNy or SixByNz
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- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3105—After-treatment
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-stress silicon-based thick film based on silicon on an insulator and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of semiconductor preparation. The low-stress silicon-based thick film comprises a substrate silicon layer, a silicon oxide layer, a coating layer and a silicon-based thick film layer, wherein the silicon oxide layer is arranged on the substrate silicon layer, the silicon-based thick film layer is deposited on the silicon oxide layer, a grid-shaped groove is arranged on the silicon-based thick film layer, the silicon-based thin film is divided into a plurality of independent units by the grid-shaped groove, and the coating layer is filled in the grid-shaped groove; the silicon-based thick film can improve the condition of uneven stress borne by the inside of the thick film, reduce the stress of the thick film, increase the maximum thickness of the deposited thick film and realize the large-scale production of devices.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-stress silicon-based thick film based on silicon on an insulator and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of semiconductor preparation.
Background
Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) technology is widely used in the fields of satellites, electronics, computers, aerospace, and the like because of its characteristics of low power consumption, high speed, small parasitic capacitance, and strong radiation resistance.
The deposited film layers can be classified into thick films and thin films according to the thickness of the device layer. Thick film generally refers to device layers greater than 1 μm thick, primarily for use in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and power devices; the thin film is a device layer with the thickness of 0.1-1 μm and is mainly used for submicron integrated circuits such as Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductors (CMOS).
In recent years, with the rapid development of MEMS and smart power device markets, silicon-based thick film materials have attracted extensive attention in the industry. However, the residual stress in the thick film prepared by the conventional method is determined by the structure and defects of the thick film and the difference in physical properties between the thick film and the substrate, and the film structure is cracked due to excessive tensile residual stress (tensile stress), and the wafer is expanded or warped due to excessive compressive residual stress (compressive stress). Both of these conditions increase process difficulties and may cause device failure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems and the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to overcome the defects that the residual stress of the prepared film is too large, so that the micro device unit and even the whole device structure are deformed, unstable, misconducted by signals, even system failure and the like, and provides a low-stress silicon-based thick film based on silicon on an insulator, wherein the film has good insulativity, stability and mechanical property.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following scheme: the low-stress silicon-based thick film based on silicon on an insulator comprises a substrate silicon layer, a silicon oxide layer, a coating layer and a silicon-based thick film layer, wherein the silicon oxide layer grows on the substrate silicon layer, the silicon-based thick film layer is deposited on the silicon oxide layer, a latticed groove is formed in the silicon-based thick film layer and divides the silicon-based thin film into a plurality of independent units, and the coating layer is filled in the latticed groove.
Preferably, the thickness of the silicon-based thick film layer is more than 1 micron, and the thickness of the silicon oxide layer is 2-3 microns.
Preferably, the size of the independent units of the invention is 5-25mm × 5-32 mm; the width of the groove is 180-220 nm, and the length of the groove spans the whole substrate.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a low stress silicon-based thick film based on silicon on insulator, which has a simple process, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) generating a silicon oxide layer on a silicon substrate, then depositing a silicon-based film layer, etching the silicon-based film layer along the x direction at intervals of 5-25mm to generate a groove, etching the silicon-based film layer along the y direction at intervals of 5-32mm to generate a groove, removing the photoresist, cleaning and then reserving for later use.
(2) Depositing a low-stress coating layer above the film, wherein the thickness of the coating layer material is higher than that of the silicon-based film material; and filling the groove with a low-stress cladding layer material.
(3) And removing the coating material on the silicon-based thin film layer by polishing through a reverse coating etching process and a chemical mechanical planarization process, and reserving the coating material of the groove to obtain a flat upper surface.
(4) Repeating the steps (1), (2) and (3) for a plurality of times to enable the thickness of the silicon substrate film to reach more than 1 mu m and keep the low warping degree of the wafer.
Preferably, the thick film material of the invention comprises SiN and Si3N4、SiN2、Si(OH)4Or polysilicon, other satisfactory film materials may also be used in the present invention.
Preferably, the trench filling material is SiO2Or SiON, other satisfactory low stress fill materials may also be used in the present invention.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention is an effective improvement to the present preparation method of the silicon-based thick film with large stress, through increasing the technology of etching the ditch groove and filling the low stress cladding layer material in the course of depositing, divide the original continuous silicon-based thick film deposition into several stages of preparing the low stress film repeatedly, each stage needs to etch the ditch groove after depositing the film and divide the silicon-based thin film into several independent units, then deposit the cladding layer material of the low stress in the ditch groove, after each stage repeats in order, reach the necessary thickness finally, in this way, on one hand, can improve the situation that the stress is inhomogeneous in the thick film in the course of depositing, reduce the thick film stress; on the other hand, the reduction in stress increases the maximum thickness of the deposited thick film.
(2) The invention releases stress by a method of forming the groove, reduces the stress accumulation of the thick film and increases the maximum thickness of the thick film which can be deposited; meanwhile, all the processes in the invention are completely compatible with the current CMOS process, can realize large-scale mass production of devices, and is beneficial to promoting the wide application of silicon photonic integrated devices.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic layer structure of a low stress silicon-based thick film prepared by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a thick film prepared according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the thick film prepared by the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a process flow diagram of the preparation process described in example 1.
In fig. 1: 1-a substrate silicon layer; a 2-silicon oxide layer; 3-coating layer; 4-silicon-based thick film layer.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the examples; the following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Example 1
The low-stress silicon-based thick film based on silicon on an insulator comprises a substrate silicon layer, a silicon oxide layer, a coating layer and a silicon-based thick film layer, wherein the silicon oxide layer is arranged on the substrate silicon layer, the silicon-based thick film layer is deposited on the silicon oxide layer, a grid-shaped groove is arranged on the silicon-based thick film layer, the silicon-based thin film is divided into a plurality of independent units by the grid-shaped groove, and the coating layer is filled in the grid-shaped groove; the thickness of the silicon oxide layer was 2 μm; the individual cells were 32mm 25mm in size.
The preparation method of the low-stress silicon-based thick film based on silicon on an insulator specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) providing a silicon wafer with the thickness of 750 microns as a substrate, wherein the surface of the substrate is provided with a silicon dioxide layer grown by thermal oxidation, the thickness of the silicon dioxide layer is 2 microns, and cleaning the semiconductor substrate and the silicon dioxide film by adopting a cleaning agent containing alkaline solution.
(2) Depositing a layer of Si with the thickness of 500 nanometers on the substrate pretreated in the step (1) by PECVD equipment3N4A thin film layer; in this embodiment, the silicon-based thick film material is deposited by a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method, or any suitable deposition process, which is conventional, but not limited thereto.
(3) Etching grooves with the width of 200nm and the length spanning the whole substrate at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction by an etching process, and etching Si3N4The film is divided into a plurality of 32mm 25mm film blocks.
(4) After photoresist is removed and cleaned, a PECVD deposition method is used for carrying out secondary deposition, and a low-stress silicon dioxide layer with the thickness of 800 nanometers is deposited.
(5) By reverse etching of SiO2The coating layer exposes Si coated with the silicon dioxide layer3N4After the film is formed, obtaining a flat upper surface through a chemical mechanical planarization process; then, the steps (2) to (5) were repeated 2 times to obtain Si with a thickness of 1 μm3N4And the film is used for keeping the wafer warping degree low.
In a semiconductor manufacturing process, the stress magnitude of a wafer can be represented by the bending degree of the wafer; when the bending radius of the wafer is smaller than a certain value (generally 50 meters), the wafer cannot be normally processed in the machine; in this example, the original 8 inch Si wafer (thickness 725um) has a bend radius of 270 + -30 meters. Directly depositing 10um silicon dioxide on an original 8-inch Si wafer (thickness 725um) by a conventional method, wherein the bending radius is 30 +/-5 meters; on an original 8 inch Si wafer (thickness 725um), 10um silicon dioxide was deposited by the scheme of example 1 with a bend radius of 150 ± 20 meters; it can also be seen that the invention relieves stress by forming the trench, reduces thick film stress accumulation, and increases the maximum thickness of the thick film that can be deposited.
Example 2
The low-stress silicon-based thick film based on silicon on an insulator comprises a substrate silicon layer, a silicon oxide layer, a coating layer and a silicon-based thick film layer, wherein the silicon oxide layer is arranged on the substrate silicon layer, the silicon-based thick film layer is deposited on the silicon oxide layer, a grid-shaped groove is arranged on the silicon-based thick film layer, the silicon-based thin film is divided into a plurality of independent units by the grid-shaped groove, and the coating layer is filled in the grid-shaped groove; the thickness of the silicon oxide layer was 2 μm; the individual cells were 25mm by 30mm in size.
The method for preparing the silicon-based thick film in the embodiment is as in embodiment 1, wherein the difference from embodiment 1 is as follows: the low-stress cladding layer material is SiON.
Example 3
The low-stress silicon-based thick film based on silicon on an insulator comprises a substrate silicon layer, a silicon oxide layer, a coating layer and a silicon-based thick film layer, wherein the silicon oxide layer is arranged on the substrate silicon layer, the silicon-based thick film layer is deposited on the silicon oxide layer, a grid-shaped groove is arranged on the silicon-based thick film layer, the silicon-based thin film is divided into a plurality of independent units by the grid-shaped groove, and the coating layer is filled in the grid-shaped groove; the thickness of the silicon oxide layer was 2 μm; the individual cells are 5mm by 5mm in size.
The method for preparing the silicon-based thick film in the embodiment is as in embodiment 1, wherein the difference from embodiment 1 is as follows: the repetition times of the steps (2) to (5) are 4, and Si with the thickness of 2 microns is obtained3N4A film.
Example 4
The method for preparing the silicon-based thick film in the embodiment is as in embodiment 1, wherein the difference from embodiment 1 is as follows: the deposited silicon-based material is a polysilicon material.
Example 5
In a semiconductor manufacturing process, the stress magnitude of a wafer can be represented by the bending degree of the wafer; when the bending radius of the wafer is smaller than a certain value (generally 50 meters), the wafer cannot be normally processed in the machine; in this example, the original 8 inch Si wafer (thickness 725um) has a bend radius of 270 + -30 meters. Directly depositing 10um silicon dioxide on an original 8-inch Si wafer (thickness 725um) by a conventional method, wherein the bending radius is 30 +/-5 meters; on an original 8 inch Si wafer (thickness 725um), 10um silicon dioxide was deposited by the scheme of example 1 with a bend radius of 150 ± 20 meters; it can also be seen that the invention relieves stress by forming the trench, reduces thick film stress accumulation, and increases the maximum thickness of the thick film that can be deposited.
Claims (6)
1. A low stress silicon-based thick film based on silicon on insulator, characterized in that: the silicon-based thin film solar cell comprises a substrate silicon layer, a silicon-based oxide layer, a coating layer and a silicon-based thick film layer, wherein the silicon-based oxide layer grows on the substrate silicon layer, the silicon-based thick film layer is deposited on the silicon-based oxide layer, a latticed groove is formed in the silicon-based thick film layer and divides the silicon-based thin film into a plurality of independent units, and the coating layer is filled in the latticed groove.
2. The silicon-on-insulator based low stress thick silicon-based film of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the silicon-based thick film layer is more than 1 micron, and the thickness of the silicon oxide layer is 2-3 microns.
3. The silicon-on-insulator based low stress thick silicon-based film of claim 1, wherein: the size of each independent unit is 5-25mm multiplied by 5-32 mm; the width of the groove is 180-220 nm, and the length of the groove spans the whole substrate.
4. The method for preparing the low-stress silicon-based thick film based on silicon on insulator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps:
(1) forming a silicon oxide layer on a silicon substrate, depositing a silicon-based thin film layer, etching the silicon-based thin film layer along the x direction at intervals of 5-25mm to generate a groove, etching the silicon-based thin film layer along the y direction at intervals of 5-32mm to generate a groove, removing the photoresist, cleaning and reserving the silicon-based thin film layer for later use;
(2) depositing a low-stress coating layer above the film, wherein the thickness of the coating layer material is higher than that of the silicon-based film material; filling the groove with a low-stress cladding layer material;
(3) removing the coating material on the silicon-based thin film layer by polishing through a reverse coating etching process and a chemical mechanical planarization process, and reserving the coating material of the groove to obtain a flat upper surface;
(4) repeating the steps (1), (2) and (3) for a plurality of times to enable the thickness of the silicon substrate film to reach more than 1 mu m and keep the low warping degree of the wafer.
5. The method for preparing a low stress silicon-based thick film based on silicon on insulator as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the thick film material comprises the components of SiN and Si3N4、SiN2、Si(OH)4Or polysilicon.
6. Root of herbaceous plantThe method of claim 4, wherein the silicon-on-insulator based low stress silicon-based thick film is prepared by: the groove filling material is SiO2Or SiON.
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