CN111746292A - Energy feedback system and method of electric vehicle - Google Patents
Energy feedback system and method of electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN111746292A CN111746292A CN202010732551.2A CN202010732551A CN111746292A CN 111746292 A CN111746292 A CN 111746292A CN 202010732551 A CN202010732551 A CN 202010732551A CN 111746292 A CN111746292 A CN 111746292A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses an energy feedback system and a method of an electric vehicle, wherein the energy feedback system comprises: the energy feedback controller is respectively and electrically connected with the battery assembly, the motor assembly and the brake assembly; the brake assembly is used for generating a brake signal and outputting the brake signal when receiving a brake instruction input by a user; the energy feedback controller is used for acquiring the running information of the electric vehicle through the motor assembly and the brake assembly when receiving the brake signal, and determining target energy feedback force according to the running information of the electric vehicle; the motor assembly is used for carrying out reverse braking according to the target energy feedback force and feeding back reverse braking energy to charge the battery assembly through the energy feedback controller. In the embodiment of the invention, the energy feedback force is dynamically changed, the speed of the whole vehicle is not seriously influenced, the energy is recycled, and the endurance mileage is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to an energy feedback technology, in particular to an energy feedback system and method of an electric vehicle.
Background
The electric vehicle has the characteristics of green safety, small volume, no pollution and the like, can flexibly and flexibly run, avoids urban road congestion, and becomes the most common travel mode for people. Therefore, the electric vehicle industry develops rapidly at present, and the electric vehicle is diversified, such as electric bicycle, moped and electric motorcycle of two-wheeled, three-wheeled electric motor car, four-wheeled electric motor car, and market share is very high.
At present, the electric vehicle has short endurance mileage and a non-durable battery, and only can be used for short trip, so that the development of the electric vehicle is limited, the endurance mileage is prolonged by innovation, and the saving of battery energy has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an energy feedback system and method of an electric vehicle, and aims to solve the problem that the conventional electric vehicle is short in endurance mileage.
The embodiment of the invention provides an energy feedback system of an electric vehicle, which comprises: the energy feedback controller is respectively and electrically connected with the battery assembly, the motor assembly and the brake assembly;
the brake assembly is used for generating a brake signal and outputting the brake signal when receiving a brake instruction input by a user;
the energy feedback controller is used for acquiring the running information of the electric vehicle through the motor component and the brake component when receiving the brake signal, and determining target energy feedback force according to the running information of the electric vehicle;
the motor assembly is used for carrying out reverse braking according to the target energy feedback force and feeding back reverse braking energy to charge the battery assembly through the energy feedback controller.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides an energy feedback method of an electric vehicle, wherein the electric vehicle comprises the following steps: the energy feedback controller is respectively and electrically connected with the battery assembly, the motor assembly and the brake assembly; the energy feedback method comprises the following steps:
the brake assembly generates and outputs a brake signal when receiving a brake instruction input by a user;
when the energy feedback controller receives the braking signal, the electric vehicle running information is obtained through the motor component and the braking component, and the target energy feedback force is determined according to the electric vehicle running information;
and the motor assembly carries out reverse braking according to the target energy feedback force and feeds back reverse braking energy to charge the battery assembly through the energy feedback controller.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the energy feedback controller receives a braking signal, the energy feedback controller acquires the running information of the electric vehicle and determines the target energy feedback force according to the running information of the electric vehicle; the motor assembly carries out reverse braking according to the target energy feedback force and feeds back reverse braking energy to charge the battery assembly through the energy feedback controller. In the embodiment of the invention, different road conditions and driving conditions influence the driving information of the electric vehicle, the energy feedback controller realizes automatic adjustment of target energy feedback force according to different road conditions and driving conditions, so that the energy feedback force is dynamically changed, the motor assembly carries out reverse braking according to the dynamically changed target energy feedback force to charge the battery assembly, the feedback braking size is adjusted according to different road conditions and driving conditions, the speed of the whole vehicle cannot be seriously influenced, thus the energy wasted in the braking process is fed back to the battery of the electric vehicle, the reutilization of the energy is realized, the residual electric quantity of the electric vehicle is improved, and the endurance mileage is prolonged.
Drawings
To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief description will be given below of the drawings required for the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description, although being some specific embodiments of the present invention, can be extended and extended to other structures and drawings by those skilled in the art according to the basic concepts of the device structure, the driving method and the manufacturing method disclosed and suggested by the various embodiments of the present invention, without making sure that these should be within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an energy feedback system of a first electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an energy feedback system of a second electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an energy feedback system of a third electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an energy feedback system of a fourth electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an energy feedback system of a fifth electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an energy feedback system of a sixth electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an energy feedback method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an energy feedback method for an electric vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described through embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the basic idea disclosed and suggested by the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of an energy feedback system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The electric vehicle described in this embodiment may be a two-wheeled electric vehicle, a three-wheeled electric vehicle, or a four-wheeled electric vehicle. The energy feedback system of the electric vehicle provided by the embodiment comprises: the energy feedback controller 4 is respectively and electrically connected with the battery component 2, the motor component 3 and the brake component 4; the brake assembly 4 is used for generating and outputting a brake signal when receiving a brake instruction input by a user; the energy feedback controller 1 is used for acquiring the running information of the electric vehicle through the motor component 3 and the brake component 4 when receiving the brake signal, and determining target energy feedback force according to the running information of the electric vehicle; the motor assembly 3 is used for carrying out reverse braking according to the target energy feedback force and feeding back reverse braking energy to charge the battery assembly 2 through the energy feedback controller 1. It can be understood that the reverse braking energy is feedback energy, and the reverse current and the reverse voltage are feedback current and feedback voltage.
In this embodiment, the energy feedback controller 1 is configured to recover and collect kinetic energy generated during the driving process of the electric vehicle. Battery pack 2 is the collection of the relevant functional structure for the electric motor car power supply, and battery pack 2 includes power battery and battery management unit at least, and power battery provides adaptation voltage for each electrical apparatus of electric motor car to satisfy the power consumption demand of electric motor car, no longer repeated description is given to this battery pack 2's specific structure. The motor assembly 3 is a set of related functional structures for driving the electric vehicle to run, the motor assembly 3 at least comprises a power motor, the power motor realizes electric energy conversion or transmission, the main function is to generate driving torque as a power source of the electric vehicle, and the specific structure of the motor assembly 3 is not repeated. The brake assembly 4 is a set of related functional structures for braking in the driving process of the electric vehicle, the brake assembly 4 at least comprises a brake module so as to meet the braking requirement of the electric vehicle, and the specific structure of the brake assembly 4 is not repeated.
In this embodiment, the energy feedback controller 4 is electrically connected to the battery assembly 2, the motor assembly 3 and the brake assembly 4, respectively. In the running process of the electric vehicle, a user inputs a braking instruction after triggering the braking assembly 4, and the braking assembly 4 receives the braking instruction input by the user so as to generate a braking signal. It will be appreciated that the magnitude of the braking signal is related to the force or degree of opening at which the user triggers the brake assembly 4; for example, a user can apply a brake, and the brake assembly 4 generates a corresponding brake signal according to the opening degree of the brake pedal. The brake signal of the brake component 4 is transmitted to the energy feedback controller 1, and when the energy feedback controller 1 receives the brake signal, the energy generated in the braking process can be recovered, so that the energy can be recycled.
The energy feedback controller 1 acquires the running information of the electric vehicle through the motor component 3 and the brake component 4, and determines target energy feedback force according to the running information of the electric vehicle; the motor assembly 3 is used for carrying out reverse braking according to the target energy feedback force and feeding back reverse braking energy to charge the battery assembly 2 through the energy feedback controller 1. As described above, the energy feedback force dynamically changes in real time according to different driving information of the electric vehicle, and the driving information of the electric vehicle is different under different road conditions and conditions, so that the energy feedback controller 1 automatically adjusts the target energy feedback force according to different road conditions and driving conditions, and the motor assembly 3 performs reverse braking according to the target energy feedback force, wherein the reverse braking is related to the actual road conditions and driving conditions, and the speed of the whole vehicle is not seriously affected.
The feedback energy generated by the reverse braking of the motor component 3 is transmitted to the battery component 2 through the energy feedback controller 1 to be charged, so that the energy wasted in the braking process can be fed back to the battery of the electric vehicle, the energy is recycled, the residual electric quantity of the electric vehicle is improved, and the endurance mileage is prolonged.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the energy feedback controller receives a braking signal, the energy feedback controller acquires the running information of the electric vehicle and determines the target energy feedback force according to the running information of the electric vehicle; the motor assembly carries out reverse braking according to the target energy feedback force and feeds back reverse braking energy to charge the battery assembly through the energy feedback controller. In the embodiment of the invention, different road conditions and driving conditions influence the driving information of the electric vehicle, the energy feedback controller realizes automatic adjustment of target energy feedback force according to different road conditions and driving conditions, so that the energy feedback force is dynamically changed, the motor assembly carries out reverse braking according to the dynamically changed target energy feedback force to charge the battery assembly, the feedback braking size is adjusted according to different road conditions and driving conditions, the speed of the whole vehicle cannot be seriously influenced, thus the energy wasted in the braking process is fed back to the battery of the electric vehicle, the reutilization of the energy is realized, the residual electric quantity of the electric vehicle is improved, and the endurance mileage is prolonged.
Illustratively, on the basis of the above technical solution, the optional braking assembly shown in fig. 2 includes a braking module 41 and a handle turning module 42; the braking instruction comprises a braking signal, and the electric vehicle running information comprises running speed and braking force; and/or the braking command comprises a handle reducing signal, and the electric vehicle running information comprises running speed.
In this embodiment, the brake assembly of the electric vehicle includes a brake module 41 and a handle module 42. The brake module 41 is a set of relevant functional structures for braking the electric vehicle, the brake module 41 at least comprises a brake pedal for a user to tread and a brake processing circuit for acquiring and processing signals of the brake pedal, and the specific structure of the brake module 41 is not repeated herein. The handle turning module 42 is a set of relevant functional structures for braking the handle turning angle or the opening degree of the electric vehicle, the handle turning module 42 at least comprises a handle turning for the user to operate and a handle turning processing circuit for collecting and processing a handle turning signal, and the specific structure of the handle turning module 42 is not described in detail herein.
When the user tramples the brake, the brake module 41 can acquire the brake pedal signal and process the brake pedal signal to determine the brake force, which is the brake signal generated according to the brake instruction input by the user. When the user decreases the handle opening degree, the handle module 42 may acquire the handle decreasing signal and process the handle decreasing signal to determine the handle decreasing opening degree, which is the braking signal generated according to the braking instruction input by the user. Obviously, the braking command comprises a braking signal and/or a twist reduction signal. The braking instructions are different, and the electric vehicle running information influencing the energy feedback force is also different. When the braking instruction comprises a braking signal, the running information of the electric vehicle comprises running speed and braking force; and/or when the braking command comprises a handle reducing signal, the running information of the electric vehicle comprises running speed.
In this embodiment, in the energy feedback state, the energy feedback controller controls the energy feedback force of the electric vehicle by detecting the opening of the rotating handle, the brake braking state and the real-time driving speed in real time, implements energy feedback management, and realizes optimal matching of the energy feedback force and the driving mileage.
Illustratively, on the basis of the above technical solution, the optional energy feedback system as shown in fig. 3 further includes: the memory 5 comprises a 1 st vehicle speed interval to an Mth vehicle speed interval, each vehicle speed interval corresponds to a maximum feedback force value, and the maximum feedback force value is represented by percentage and is less than or equal to 100%; the vehicle speed value in the ith vehicle speed interval is smaller than the vehicle speed value in the (i + 1) th vehicle speed interval, the maximum value of the (i-1) th feedback force corresponding to the (i-1) th vehicle speed interval is smaller than the maximum value of the (i) th feedback force corresponding to the ith vehicle speed interval, i is more than 0 and less than M, and the maximum value of the (M) th feedback force corresponding to the M th vehicle speed interval is less than or equal to 50 percent. The optional energy feedback controller 1 is used for determining the maximum value of the corresponding feedback force according to the running speed of the electric vehicle, and then controlling the target energy feedback force according to the running information of the electric vehicle, wherein the target energy feedback force is smaller than the maximum value of the feedback force. Alternatively, the memory 5 is provided separately and electrically connected to the energy feedback controller 1, or the memory 5 is integrated in the energy feedback controller 1.
In this embodiment, the memory 5 includes a 1 st vehicle speed interval to an mth vehicle speed interval, and the memory 5 further stores a maximum value of the feedback strength corresponding to each vehicle speed interval, where the maximum value of the feedback strength is represented by a percentage and is less than or equal to 100%.
For example, setting M to 3 in a two-wheeled electric vehicle, and setting 3 vehicle speed sections of the memory 5 as a 1 st vehicle speed section [10km/h, 25km/h), a 2 nd vehicle speed section [25km/h, 40km/h), and a 3 rd vehicle speed section [40km/h, Akm/h), wherein Akm/h is the maximum ideal vehicle speed that can be achieved by the two-wheeled electric vehicle; in the example, the maximum value of the feedback force corresponding to the 1 st vehicle speed interval [10km/h, 25km/h) is 60%, the maximum value of the feedback force corresponding to the 2 nd vehicle speed interval [25km/h, 40km/h) is 100%, and the maximum value of the feedback force corresponding to the 3 rd vehicle speed interval [40km/h, Akm/h) is 30%. The maximum ideal speed of different types of electric vehicles is different, so the number, the division mode and the corresponding maximum force value of the speed intervals are also different, and the invention is not particularly limited.
The maximum value of the feedback force corresponding to the 1 st vehicle speed interval [10km/h, 25km/h) is 60%, so that in the braking state, when the energy feedback controller 1 determines that the vehicle speed is in the interval, the target energy feedback force is increased along with the increase of the vehicle speed, and the maximum value of the feedback force is not more than 60%; the maximum value of the feedback force corresponding to the 2 nd vehicle speed interval [25km/h, 40km/h) is 100%, so that in the braking state, when the energy feedback controller 1 determines that the vehicle speed is in the interval, the target energy feedback force is increased along with the increase of the vehicle speed, and the maximum value of the feedback force is not more than 100%; the maximum value of the feedback force corresponding to the 3 rd vehicle speed interval [40km/h, Akm/h ] is 30%, at the moment, the vehicle speed of the electric two-wheel vehicle is larger, and therefore when the energy feedback controller 1 determines that the vehicle speed is in the interval in the braking state, the target energy feedback force is reduced along with the increase of the vehicle speed, the maximum value of the feedback force is not more than 30%, and the situation that the reverse charging voltage and the current are too large due to the sudden drop of the vehicle speed of the electric two-wheel vehicle under the high-speed condition and the driving safety is influenced is prevented.
In the embodiment, the maximum feedback force values are provided under different road conditions and driving conditions, and the target energy feedback force value does not exceed the maximum feedback force value corresponding to the target energy feedback force value in the belonging vehicle speed interval, so that the driving safety is ensured.
Illustratively, on the basis of the above technical solution, the optional energy feedback controller 1 shown in fig. 4 includes a pulse width modulation unit, and the motor assembly 3 includes a power switching device; the energy feedback controller 1 is used for adjusting the duty ratio of the pulse width modulation unit according to the target energy feedback force so as to perform switching control on the power switching device; the motor assembly 3 is used for switching to a reverse rotation state and adjusting a reverse current value charged into the battery assembly 2 according to the opening degree and the opening time of the power switch device.
In this embodiment, the energy feedback controller 1 is integrated with a Pulse Width Modulation unit, and the selectable Pulse Width Modulation unit is a Pulse Width Modulation unit based on a Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation) technology; a power switch device is integrated in the motor component 3, and an optional power switch device is a three-phase power device, such as an MOS or an IGBT; the pulse width modulation unit performs on-off control on the power switching device, and a power motor in the motor assembly 3 drives the power switching device. It should be understood that the above types of pulse width modulation units and power switching devices are only examples, and are not limited in any way in the embodiments of the present invention, and any pulse width modulation unit and power switching device that meet the requirements of the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.
The reverse braking principle in the energy feedback state in this embodiment is as follows: when the energy feedback controller 1 carries out energy feedback, the power motor in the motor component 3 is controlled to be in a reverse rotation state, and the power motor generates reverse braking torque, so that reverse electromotive force and reverse current are generated. Specifically, the energy feedback controller 1 adjusts the duty ratio of the SVPWM according to the target energy feedback strength, for example, if the target energy feedback strength is 60%, the effective pulse width in the pulse signal output by the SVPWM occupies 60% of the pulse period, that is, the duty ratio of the SVPWM is 60%; SVPWM carries out switching control on an upper bridge circuit and a lower bridge circuit of a three-phase power device (MOS/IGBT and the like) driven by the power motor, and realizes the control on the opening and the switching-on time of the IGBT by the regulation of SVPWM duty ratio, thereby realizing the control on the sizes of reverse current and voltage converted by the power motor; and finally, the motor assembly 3 reversely charges the reverse braking energy to the power battery through the energy feedback controller 1, wherein the reverse braking energy is charged to the power battery by a reverse current value, so that the energy is recycled.
Illustratively, on the basis of the above technical solution, the optional energy feedback system as shown in fig. 5 further includes: a changeover switch unit 11; the switch unit 11 is configured to receive an enter or exit feedback instruction input by a user, and send the enter or exit feedback instruction to the energy feedback controller 1, so that the energy feedback controller 1 enters or exits an energy feedback state. The selector switch unit 11 can be selected to be independently installed and electrically connected to the energy feedback controller 1.
In this embodiment, the mechanical switch can switch between the energy feedback state and the non-energy feedback state, and the electric vehicle is provided with the independent mechanical switch unit 11, so that the user can directly trigger the switch unit 11. When the optional user triggers the change-over switch unit 11 to be turned on, the user inputs an input feedback instruction, and the energy feedback controller 1 controls the electric vehicle to enter an energy feedback state; when the user releases the switch unit 11 to close, the user inputs an exit feedback instruction, and at this time, the energy feedback controller 1 controls the electric vehicle to exit the energy feedback state. The switching scheme is only an example and is not limited thereto. For example, the energy feedback system is default to the energy feedback state when leaving factory, the electric vehicle can be switched from the default energy feedback state to the non-energy feedback state through the mechanical switch, or the electric vehicle can be recovered from the non-energy feedback state to the default energy feedback state through the mechanical switch.
As described above, the mechanical switch can switch between the energy feedback state and the non-energy feedback state, so that the user can autonomously manage the energy feedback, and the user experience is improved.
The selectable electric vehicle comprises a P-gear switch which is multiplexed as a change-over switch unit in a wheel-moving state. The P-gear switch on the electric vehicle can effectively enter the P-gear parking only under the condition of no wheel movement, and the P-gear function is shielded when the wheel movement exists, so that the P-gear switch can be multiplexed and expanded. When the electric door lock is opened and a wheel-motion signal is generated, the P gear function is shielded, the P gear switch is reused as a change-over switch unit at the moment, and a user presses the P gear switch, so that the electric vehicle can be switched between an energy feedback state and a non-energy feedback state. It can be understood that other switches or switch combinations of the electric vehicle can be expanded and reused as a change-over switch unit without affecting normal driving, and all of them fall into the protection scope of the present invention; for example in the form of one or a combination of a gear change switch, a headlight switch, a steering switch, a travel switch and a horn switch. In other embodiments, the switching can be performed by an automatic identification program, a radio frequency remote control, and the like.
Unlike the solution shown in fig. 5, the alternative energy feedback system further comprises: a changeover switch unit; the change-over switch unit is used for acquiring a torque parameter of the motor component and an electricity consumption parameter of the battery component so as to judge a target road condition mode of the electric vehicle, and generating a target feedback instruction according to the target road condition mode so that the energy feedback controller enters or exits an energy feedback state; the road condition mode of the electric vehicle comprises a suburb road section mode, a downtown road section mode and a mountain road section mode, wherein a feedback instruction corresponding to the suburb road section mode is in an energy feedback exiting state, and feedback instructions corresponding to the downtown road section mode and the mountain road section mode are in an energy feedback entering state. Optionally, the switch unit is integrated within the energy feedback controller.
In this embodiment, the switch unit is an automatic identification program, and can pre-determine the road condition modes of the electric vehicle, such as a suburban road section, an urban road section, a mountain road section, and the like, according to the change rules of the electric vehicle, such as power consumption current, power consumption voltage, motor torque, and the like, expressed in different road conditions, and implement different feedback strategies according to the different road condition modes. The feedback strategy can be selected at least to enter or exit the feedback energy state, but it should be understood that the feedback strategy can also include other feedback strategies, such as energy feedback modes and maximum feedback force values corresponding to different vehicle speed ranges under specific road conditions.
In this embodiment, energy feedback state switching function has been increased through mechanical switch or intelligent recognition, can make this energy feedback system compatibility stronger, according to different road conditions and the preference of riding, freely switch energy feedback state and no energy feedback state, adapt to different users and the environment of riding, satisfy the needs of riding of different road conditions and different grade type electric motor cars. For example, the energy feedback function can be controlled to be turned off to increase the sliding distance in a section with better suburb road conditions, and the energy feedback function is selected to be turned on in a congested section in an urban area, so that the energy after repeated braking or loosening and turning can be recycled as much as possible, the energy feedback control management is realized, the optimal matching of energy feedback and endurance mileage is realized, and the energy feedback efficiency is improved.
As for the energy feedback system according to any of the above embodiments, the energy feedback system of the optional electric vehicle as shown in fig. 6 further includes: the energy feedback controller 1 is electrically connected with the instrument display component 6, and the energy feedback controller 1 is used for controlling the instrument display component 6 to display the reverse braking energy. The reverse braking energy refers to feedback energy generated by the motor assembly 3. The energy feedback controller 1 obtains the energy feedback value and controls the instrument display component 6 to display in real time, so that the single riding accumulated feedback electric quantity calculated in real time can be displayed in real time through the liquid crystal digit of the instrument display component 6 and presented to a rider.
The energy feedback controller 1 can also control the energy feedback display area in the instrument display assembly 6 to emit light when in the energy feedback state, and can also control the energy feedback display area in the instrument display assembly 6 not to emit light when exiting the energy feedback state. The shape of an energy feedback display area in the selectable instrument display assembly 6 is a charging symbol, the charging symbol is turned on or off to indicate the on-off state of the energy feedback state, different feedback force can be indicated through the length and different colors of the indicating lamp post, and the longer the indicating lamp post is, the red indicating lamp post is, and the larger the feedback force is.
Through human-computer interaction equipment such as instruments and the like, the energy feedback state and the recovered energy data are displayed in real time, and a rider can accurately sense the real-time state of the electric vehicle and the energy recovery size in the riding process.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention further provides an energy feedback method for an electric vehicle, where the energy feedback method can be implemented by the energy feedback system described in any of the above embodiments, and the energy feedback system can be implemented in a software and/or hardware manner and configured to be applied in the electric vehicle. The electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: the energy feedback controller is respectively and electrically connected with the battery assembly, the motor assembly and the brake assembly. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the energy feedback method includes:
s1, when receiving a braking instruction input by a user, the braking assembly generates and outputs a braking signal;
s2, when the energy feedback controller receives the braking signal, the electric vehicle driving information is obtained through the motor assembly and the braking assembly, and the target energy feedback force is determined according to the electric vehicle driving information;
and S3, the motor assembly carries out reverse braking according to the target energy feedback force and feeds back the reverse braking energy to charge the battery assembly through the energy feedback controller.
The selectable brake component comprises a brake module and a rotating handle module; the braking instruction comprises a braking signal, and the electric vehicle running information comprises running speed and braking force; and/or the braking command comprises a handle reducing signal, and the electric vehicle running information comprises running speed.
The optional energy feedback system further comprises: the memory comprises a 1 st vehicle speed interval to an Mth vehicle speed interval, each vehicle speed interval corresponds to a maximum feedback force value, and the maximum feedback force value is represented by percentage and is less than or equal to 100%; the vehicle speed value in the ith vehicle speed interval is smaller than the vehicle speed value in the (i + 1) th vehicle speed interval, the maximum value of the (i-1) th feedback force corresponding to the (i-1) th vehicle speed interval is smaller than the maximum value of the (i) th feedback force corresponding to the ith vehicle speed interval, i is more than 0 and less than M, and the maximum value of the (M) th feedback force corresponding to the M th vehicle speed interval is less than or equal to 50 percent.
The optional energy feedback controller is used for determining the maximum value of the corresponding feedback force according to the running speed of the electric vehicle, and then controlling the target energy feedback force according to the running information of the electric vehicle, wherein the target energy feedback force is smaller than the maximum value of the feedback force.
The selectable energy feedback controller comprises a pulse width modulation unit, and the motor component comprises a power switch device; the energy feedback controller is used for adjusting the duty ratio of the pulse width modulation unit according to the target energy feedback force so as to perform switching control on the power switching device; the motor assembly is used for switching to a reverse rotation state and adjusting the reverse current value charged into the battery assembly according to the opening degree and the opening time of the power switch device.
The optional energy feedback system further comprises: a changeover switch unit; the switch unit is used for receiving an entering or exiting feedback instruction input by a user and sending the instruction to the energy feedback controller, so that the energy feedback controller enters or exits an energy feedback state.
The selectable electric vehicle comprises a P-gear switch which is multiplexed as a change-over switch unit in a wheel-moving state.
The optional energy feedback system further comprises: a changeover switch unit; the change-over switch unit is used for acquiring a torque parameter of the motor component and an electricity consumption parameter of the battery component so as to judge a target road condition mode of the electric vehicle, and generating a target feedback instruction according to the target road condition mode so that the energy feedback controller enters or exits an energy feedback state; the road condition mode of the electric vehicle comprises a suburb road section mode, a downtown road section mode and a mountain road section mode, wherein a feedback instruction corresponding to the suburb road section mode is in an energy feedback exiting state, and feedback instructions corresponding to the downtown road section mode and the mountain road section mode are in an energy feedback entering state.
In this embodiment, when the electric vehicle performs energy feedback, the energy feedback controller determines the energy feedback force according to the current vehicle parameters and state, so as to control the power motor to generate a reverse torque, generate a reverse current and a reverse voltage, and charge the power battery. The energy feedback force is expressed by the feedback current, the larger the feedback force is, the larger the feedback current is, the longer the duration is, and the more obvious the reverse braking effect is. The maximum value of energy feedback force is set for the safety consideration of the whole vehicle riding, so that sudden brake locking in a high-speed driving state is avoided, feedback voltage and current are prevented from exceeding the specified overvoltage and overcurrent values of the battery in the energy feedback process, and the driving safety is improved. After the electric vehicle is switched to the energy feedback state, the energy feedback controller pre-judges the current road condition according to the current vehicle speed, the opening of the rotating handle, the brake signal and the battery charge state, manages the energy feedback voltage, current and feedback time of the motor assembly and realizes the reverse braking charging effect.
An example of an energy feedback process is provided below, and it is understood that the energy feedback process is only an example and not limited thereto. The energy feedback process as shown in fig. 8 is as follows:
s11, starting the electric vehicle;
s12, the energy feedback controller judges whether to enter an energy feedback state;
s13, if the energy feedback state is determined to be entered, the energy feedback controller acquires the state of charge of the power battery through the battery assembly;
s14, detecting whether the state of charge is larger than 0 and smaller than 95% by the energy feedback controller, if so, executing S15, and if not, returning to execute S12;
s15, predicting the current driving road condition of the electric vehicle;
s16, the energy feedback controller detects whether a brake signal is received, if so, S17 is executed, and if not, S18 is executed;
s17, calculating energy feedback force according to the real-time speed, road condition and brake force, and then executing S20;
s18, the energy feedback controller detects whether the received handle transferring signal is reduced, if yes, S19 is executed, and if not, S12 is executed again;
s19, calculating energy feedback force according to the real-time speed and road conditions;
s20, reverse braking is carried out on the power motor, and the magnitude of reverse current and voltage are controlled;
s21, the power battery feeds back reverse braking energy to charge the battery assembly through the energy feedback controller;
s22, displaying the energy feedback state parameter by the instrument display system;
and (4) the electric vehicle is shut down or receives the state of quitting the energy feedback, and the energy feedback process is ended.
Therefore, when the energy feedback process is executed, the electric vehicle should meet the following conditions: 1) currently set to an energy feedback state; 2) the battery state of charge is greater than 0 and less than 95%; 3) the vehicle speed is more than or equal to 10 km/h; 4) the opening degree of the rotating handle is reduced and/or a brake signal is provided. The selectable energy feedback force is represented by percentage, the maximum limit value is 100%, the fixed value of the selectable feedback current is 20A, and the motor assembly generates feedback currents with different sizes through energy feedback force adjustment; for example, the energy feedback force is 30%, and the feedback current value generated by the motor element is 20 × 30%, namely 6A.
For the energy feedback system provided by the embodiment, a suburban level road or a road section with good road conditions can be selected, energy feedback is performed when the opening degree is reduced or braking is performed, when the vehicle speed is greater than 10km/h and less than 25km/h, the feedback force is increased along with the increase of the speed, and the feedback force is not more than 60%; when the speed is more than 25km/h and less than 40km/h, the feedback force keeps the maximum value (namely 100 percent) of the feedback force; when the speed of the vehicle is more than 40km/h, the feedback force is reduced along with the increase of the speed, and the maximum value of the optional feedback force does not exceed 30 percent to prevent sudden speed reduction and overlarge reverse charging voltage and current. The energy feedback can be carried out on suburban level roads or road sections with good road conditions when the opening of the rotating handle is small or the braking is carried out, and the energy feedback is stopped when the speed of the vehicle is reduced to be lower than 10km/h and the vehicle enters a free sliding state.
The energy feedback system provided by the embodiment can be selected on a downhill road section, when the actual vehicle speed is greater than the rated speed corresponding to the current handle turning opening, energy feedback is carried out, and when the actual vehicle speed exceeds the rated speed, the feedback force is greater, and the feedback force is not greater than the maximum value of the feedback force; and when the real-time speed is lower than the rated speed corresponding to the current handle opening, reducing or stopping energy feedback to balance the speed of the whole vehicle at the rated speed corresponding to the current handle opening.
The method is characterized in that the method can be selected on a downhill road section, the opening degree of a current rotating handle is reduced to zero, energy recovery is started when the real-time speed exceeds the rated speed or the program set speed (35km/h), and the feedback force is not greater than the maximum value of the feedback force when the actual speed exceeds the rated speed and is greater; when the real-time speed is lower than the rated speed or the system set speed, the energy feedback is reduced or stopped, so that the speed of the whole vehicle is balanced at the rated speed or the system set speed.
It can be understood that the energy feedback scheme provided in the above embodiment is only a partial example, and the energy feedback system provided in the embodiment of the present invention can perform energy feedback when there is a brake signal in any road segment, and the brake energy feedback strength can be fixed to a certain value, or the energy feedback strength can be changed according to the brake strength.
In addition, under the energy feedback state, the instrument display assembly can display information such as the opening and closing condition of the energy feedback state, the accumulated feedback electric quantity of single riding, the feedback force and the like in real time. The selectable instrument display component comprises a charging symbol which is turned on and off to indicate the on and off of the energy feedback state, the single-riding accumulated feedback electric quantity calculated in real time can be displayed in real time through liquid crystal numbers, different feedback force can be indicated through the length and different colors of the indicating lamp post, and the longer the indicating lamp post is, the red indicating lamp post is changed into red to indicate the larger the feedback force.
In this embodiment, the energy feedback controller monitors a brake signal and a release handle signal in a driving process, compares a relation between a real-time rotating speed (torque) and a set rotating speed (torque) to determine whether to perform energy recovery, can predict road conditions in the energy recovery process, adaptively adjusts energy feedback force according to different road conditions and real-time speeds, converts mechanical energy into electric energy and recharges a battery in the driving process, increases the capacity of the battery, and further increases the single driving mileage. It is understood that the energy feedback system can be applied to different motor systems. The energy recovery device has the advantages that the energy of the electric vehicle in the braking, decelerating, downhill and sliding processes is recovered to the maximum extent and is fed back to the battery for storage, so that the energy is reused, the energy recovery generates reverse braking, the braking times can be reduced, and the brake pad loss is reduced; performing energy feedback control management to realize optimal matching of energy feedback and endurance mileage and improve the efficiency of energy feedback; and the energy feedback effect can be visually displayed, and free switching between free sliding and energy feedback is realized.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious modifications, rearrangements, combinations and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An energy feedback system for an electric vehicle, comprising: the energy feedback controller is respectively and electrically connected with the battery assembly, the motor assembly and the brake assembly;
the brake assembly is used for generating a brake signal and outputting the brake signal when receiving a brake instruction input by a user;
the energy feedback controller is used for acquiring the running information of the electric vehicle through the motor component and the brake component when receiving the brake signal, and determining target energy feedback force according to the running information of the electric vehicle;
the motor assembly is used for carrying out reverse braking according to the target energy feedback force and feeding back reverse braking energy to charge the battery assembly through the energy feedback controller.
2. The energy feedback system of claim 1 wherein the brake assembly comprises a brake module and a twist grip module;
the braking instruction comprises a braking signal, and the electric vehicle running information comprises running speed and braking force; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the braking command comprises a handle turning reduction signal, and the electric vehicle running information comprises running speed.
3. The energy feedback system of claim 2 further comprising: the memory comprises a 1 st vehicle speed interval to an Mth vehicle speed interval, each vehicle speed interval corresponds to a maximum feedback force value, and the maximum feedback force value is represented by percentage and is less than or equal to 100%;
the vehicle speed value in the ith vehicle speed interval is smaller than the vehicle speed value in the (i + 1) th vehicle speed interval, the maximum value of the (i-1) th feedback force corresponding to the (i-1) th vehicle speed interval is smaller than the maximum value of the (i) th feedback force corresponding to the ith vehicle speed interval, the (0 < i < M), and the maximum value of the (M) th feedback force corresponding to the M th vehicle speed interval is smaller than or equal to 50%.
4. The energy feedback system of claim 3 wherein the energy feedback controller is configured to determine a maximum feedback force value according to the driving speed of the electric vehicle, and control the target energy feedback force according to the driving information of the electric vehicle, wherein the target energy feedback force is smaller than the maximum feedback force value.
5. The energy feedback system of claim 1 wherein the energy feedback controller comprises a pulse width modulation unit, the motor assembly comprises a power switching device;
the energy feedback controller is used for adjusting the duty ratio of the pulse width modulation unit according to the target energy feedback force so as to perform switching control on the power switching device;
and the motor assembly is used for switching to a reverse rotation state and adjusting the reverse current value charged into the battery assembly according to the opening degree and the opening time of the power switch device.
6. The energy feedback system of claim 1 further comprising: a changeover switch unit;
the change-over switch unit is used for receiving an entering or exiting feedback instruction input by a user and sending the entering or exiting feedback instruction to the energy feedback controller, so that the energy feedback controller enters or exits an energy feedback state.
7. The energy feedback system of claim 6 wherein the electric vehicle comprises a P-range switch, and the P-range switch is multiplexed as the change-over switch unit in the wheel-driving state.
8. The energy feedback system of claim 1 further comprising: a changeover switch unit;
the change-over switch unit is used for acquiring a torque parameter of the motor component and an electricity consumption parameter of the battery component so as to judge a target road condition mode of the electric vehicle, and generating a target feedback instruction according to the target road condition mode so that the energy feedback controller enters or exits an energy feedback state;
the road condition mode of the electric vehicle comprises a suburb road section mode, a downtown road section mode and a mountain road section mode, wherein a feedback instruction corresponding to the suburb road section mode is in an energy feedback exiting state, and feedback instructions corresponding to the downtown road section mode and the mountain road section mode are in an energy feedback entering state.
9. The energy feedback system of claim 1 further comprising: the energy feedback controller is electrically connected with the instrument display assembly;
the energy feedback controller is used for controlling the instrument display assembly to display the reverse braking energy.
10. An energy feedback method of an electric vehicle, the electric vehicle comprising: the energy feedback controller is respectively and electrically connected with the battery assembly, the motor assembly and the brake assembly; the energy feedback method comprises the following steps:
the brake assembly generates and outputs a brake signal when receiving a brake instruction input by a user;
when the energy feedback controller receives the braking signal, the electric vehicle running information is obtained through the motor component and the braking component, and the target energy feedback force is determined according to the electric vehicle running information;
and the motor assembly carries out reverse braking according to the target energy feedback force and feeds back reverse braking energy to charge the battery assembly through the energy feedback controller.
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