CN111745278A - Method for connecting NiTi shape memory alloy and alumina ceramic - Google Patents
Method for connecting NiTi shape memory alloy and alumina ceramic Download PDFInfo
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- CN111745278A CN111745278A CN201910249976.5A CN201910249976A CN111745278A CN 111745278 A CN111745278 A CN 111745278A CN 201910249976 A CN201910249976 A CN 201910249976A CN 111745278 A CN111745278 A CN 111745278A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/02—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a press ; Diffusion bonding
- B23K20/023—Thermo-compression bonding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/14—Preventing or minimising gas access, or using protective gases or vacuum during welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of dissimilar material connection of metal and alumina ceramic, in particular to a method for connecting NiTi shape memory alloy and alumina ceramic. The connection between the NiTi alloy and the ceramic is realized through pressure diffusion welding, the adopted NiTi shape memory alloy has similar thermal expansion coefficient with the alumina ceramic, the generation of thermal stress during the connection can be effectively inhibited, and simultaneously, the metallurgical combination of the two materials is ensured to the maximum extent through the interface diffusion behavior of the Ti element and the Ni element with the surface of the alumina ceramic at high temperature. The method can realize the tight combination of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic, has simple operation and strong universality, and does not need to add intermediate materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dissimilar material connection of metal and alumina ceramic, in particular to a method for connecting NiTi shape memory alloy and alumina ceramic, which realizes stable connection of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic.
Background
The NiTi alloy is a shape memory alloy which is most widely applied at present and has excellent shape memory effect, super elasticity, biocompatibility and high damping property. At present, the composite material has wide application prospect in the fields of aerospace, atomic energy, mechano-electronics, ocean development, instruments and meters, medical treatment and the like, and particularly has achieved abundant results in the fields of orthopedics, dentistry, interventional therapy and the like as a biomedical material. Through decades of development, research work on the aspects of composition design, preparation process, crystal structure of each phase, thermoelastic martensite phase transformation and the like of the NiTi shape memory alloy is gradually matured nowadays. As a novel structural material, the alumina ceramic has the characteristics of high strength, high hardness, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, biological inertia and the like. The aluminum oxide film plays an important role in the fields of aerospace engines, nuclear power stations, missile shells and the like, and meanwhile, because the aluminum oxide generates a superfine fiber film on the surface after being implanted into a human body, the interface has no chemical reaction, the wear rate is at least 1-2 orders of magnitude less than that of other materials, and the aluminum oxide film is widely clinically applied as a biological material, for example: is used for manufacturing the double-cup type artificial hip joint, the artificial bone, the artificial tooth root and the joint.
However, the alumina ceramic material has disadvantages of large brittleness, strength dispersion and processing difficulty due to the characteristics of chemical bonds, which results in poor cold and heat impact resistance, and difficulty in forming a member having a large size and a complicated shape, thereby also limiting the application range thereof. Therefore, if the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic can be connected to form a composite component, the advantages of the two materials can be fully exerted, the composite material with excellent comprehensive performance can be obtained, and the method has great significance for widening the application range of the two materials.
The welding of metal and ceramic generally has the following difficulties: the two materials have large melting point difference, the elements in the ceramic crystal are difficult to diffuse, the thermal stress generated by the great difference of the thermal expansion coefficients and the brittleness of the joint surface are easy to be equal. Therefore, it is a hot spot of the current research to find a connection process capable of stably combining the NiTi shape memory alloy and the ceramic.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for connecting a NiTi shape memory alloy and alumina ceramic, which realizes the welding of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic by adopting a pressure diffusion welding method, can realize the tight combination of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic, has simple operation and strong universality and does not need to add intermediate materials.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for connecting a NiTi memory alloy and alumina ceramics is realized according to the following steps:
[A] polishing the surfaces of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic to be smooth, wherein the roughness Ra of a contact surface is not more than 1.6 mu m, and the smoothness of the connection surface is ensured;
[B] after the treatment of the step (A), ultrasonically cleaning the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic by using acetone and an alcohol solvent respectively to remove oil stains, and drying for later use;
[C] closely attaching the NiTi shape memory alloy processed in the step (B) and the end face of the alumina ceramic together, and applying stress on two ends of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic;
[D]will go through step [ C]Putting the component into a vacuum high-temperature furnace, and vacuumizing to 10 DEG-1～10-2After Pa, heating to 1150-1250 ℃ at the speed of 5-15 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-20 h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
[E] and (D) after the step (D) is finished, removing the vacuum, and taking out the component to finish the connection of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic.
According to the connection method of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic, the NiTi shape memory alloy obtains shape memory effect and super elasticity due to B2-B19' martensite phase transformation, and the purity of the alumina ceramic is more than 99 wt%.
According to the connecting method of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic, the roughness Ra of the contact surface of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic is not more than 1.6 mu m.
According to the method for connecting the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic, the stress applied to two ends of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic is 0.01N-1N.
Preferably, the stress applied to two ends of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic is 0.05N-0.5N.
The method for connecting the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic preferably comprises the step [ C]Putting the component into a vacuum high-temperature furnace, and vacuumizing to 10 DEG-1～10-2After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1170-1230 ℃ at the speed of 5-15 ℃/min, and after the temperature is kept for 2-10 h, the temperature is cooled to the room temperature along with the furnace.
The design idea of the invention is as follows:
the main reasons for the major problems of stable connection between metal and ceramic in the world are that the metal and ceramic have problems of large melting point difference, large welding residual stress, difficult element diffusion and easy brittleness generation of a joint surface, so that obtaining a joint with stable quality is always a hot point of research. The invention starts from two aspects of reducing residual stress and accelerating element diffusion respectively, and selects NiTi alloy suitable for being connected with alumina ceramics as a material. Meanwhile, the welding of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic is realized by utilizing the characteristics of no melting, small residual stress, stable connection quality and the like of diffusion welding.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the diffusion welding method is used for connecting metal and ceramic, and the welding head has stable quality, high connecting strength and excellent high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance.
2. Due to α -Al2O3The thermal expansion coefficient of the ceramic is similar to that of NiTi shape memory alloy with nearly equal atomic ratio, and large residual stress can not be generated in the welding process.
3. The Ti element in the NiTi shape memory alloy can interact with the ceramic at high temperature, and the generated complex product can firmly connect the ceramic and the metal together. While Ni does not react with alumina ceramic, but can interdiffuse with alumina components to form a diffusion layer.
4. In general, the diffusion welding between metal and ceramic needs to add an intermediate material to improve the performance, and the NiTi memory alloy and the alumina ceramic can be tightly combined without any intermediate material during welding.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of diffusion welding NiTi shape memory alloy and alumina ceramic.
Fig. 2 is an expansion curve of a base material in a simulated welding process.
Detailed Description
In the specific implementation process, generally, in the conventional welding of metal materials and ceramics, due to the difficulties of large melting point difference, large residual stress after welding, difficult element diffusion, easy brittleness generation of a joint surface and the like, it is difficult to realize a welding joint with excellent performance. The connection between the NiTi alloy and the ceramic is realized by pressure diffusion welding, the adopted NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic have similar thermal expansion coefficients, the generation of thermal stress during the connection can be effectively inhibited, meanwhile, the metallurgical combination of the two materials is ensured to the maximum extent by the interface diffusion behavior of the Ti element and the Ni element with the surface of the alumina ceramic at high temperature, and the process does not need to add any intermediate material and is simple and easy to operate.
The experimental materials were: near equiatomic NiTi alloy (50.8 at.% Ni, 49.2 at.% Ti) with a purity of 99 wt.% alumina ceramic.
The present invention will be explained in further detail below by way of examples and figures.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic are subjected to a diffusion welding process as follows:
(1) the NiTi shape memory alloy is processed into a rod-shaped sample with the thickness of 5 multiplied by 50mm, the connecting surface of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic is polished by 800# abrasive paper, the roughness Ra of the contact surface of the two materials is required to be ensured not to be more than 1.6 mu m, and the ultrasonic cleaning is carried out by using acetone and alcohol solvent.
(2) The NiTi shape memory alloy rod-shaped sample is vertically placed on the surface of alumina ceramic, so that the connecting surface is tightly attached, and pressure of F0.05N is applied to the connecting surface.
(3) And (3) placing the assembled workpiece into a vacuum high-temperature furnace, vacuumizing to 0.1Pa, heating to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace.
(4) And (5) after the workpiece is cooled to room temperature in the vacuum high-temperature furnace, releasing vacuum, and taking out the workpiece to finish welding.
As shown in fig. 2, the expansion curve of the base material in the welding process is simulated, and it can be seen that the slope of the curve remains substantially unchanged before 1164 ℃ in the temperature rising process, which indicates that the interface between the two materials does not react, and the slope of the expansion curve changes significantly after the temperature reaches 1164 ℃, and the interface at the connection point of the two materials begins to react.
Example 2
The difference from the embodiment 1 is that:
1) the pressure value applied to the end faces of the base NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic is F equal to 0.1N.
2) And (3) putting the assembled workpiece into a vacuum high-temperature furnace, vacuumizing to 0.05Pa, heating to 1180 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace.
Example 3
The difference from the embodiment 1 is that:
1) the pressure value applied to the end faces of the base NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic is F equal to 0.5N.
2) And (3) placing the assembled workpiece into a vacuum high-temperature furnace, vacuumizing to 0.03Pa, heating to 1230 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 4h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace.
The structure of the embodiment shows that the welding of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic is realized by adopting a diffusion welding method, the Ti element in the NiTi shape memory alloy can interact with the ceramic at high temperature, and the generated complex product can firmly connect the ceramic and the metal together. While Ni does not react with alumina ceramic, but can interdiffuse with alumina components to form a diffusion layer. The method can realize the close combination of the two, has simple operation and strong universality, and does not need to add intermediate materials.
Claims (6)
1. A method for connecting a NiTi memory alloy and alumina ceramics is characterized by comprising the following steps:
[A] polishing the surfaces of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic to be smooth, wherein the roughness Ra of a contact surface is not more than 1.6 mu m, and the smoothness of the connection surface is ensured;
[B] after the treatment of the step (A), ultrasonically cleaning the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic by using acetone and an alcohol solvent respectively to remove oil stains, and drying for later use;
[C] closely attaching the NiTi shape memory alloy processed in the step (B) and the end face of the alumina ceramic together, and applying stress on two ends of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic;
[D]will go through step [ C]Putting the component into a vacuum high-temperature furnace, and vacuumizing to 10 DEG-1～10-2After Pa, heating to 1150-1250 ℃ at the speed of 5-15 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-20 h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
[E] and (D) after the step (D) is finished, removing the vacuum, and taking out the component to finish the connection of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the NiTi shape memory alloy has a shape memory effect and super-elasticity due to B2-B19' martensite transformation, and the alumina ceramic has a purity of 99 wt% or more.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic have a contact surface roughness Ra of not more than 1.6 μm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the stress applied to the two ends of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic is 0.01N-1N.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the stress applied to the both ends of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the alumina ceramic is preferably 0.05N to 0.5N.
6. Method for joining a NiTi shape memory alloy with an alumina ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that, preferably, it will go through step [ C ]]Putting the component into a vacuum high-temperature furnace, and vacuumizing to 10 DEG-1～10-2After Pa, the temperature is raised to 1170-1230 ℃ at the speed of 5-15 ℃/min, and after the temperature is kept for 2-10 h, the temperature is cooled to the room temperature along with the furnace.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0292531A (en) * | 1988-09-29 | 1990-04-03 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Juncture of different kind material |
| DE4031550A1 (en) * | 1990-10-05 | 1992-04-09 | Daimler Benz Ag | Ballistic armour material for helmet - comprises plate or shell of ceramic layer soldered to layer of shape memory alloy for walls and vehicles |
| CN101362253A (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2009-02-11 | 北京工业大学 | TiNi shape memory alloy and stainless steel instant liquid-phase diffusion welding connection method |
| US20100269975A1 (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2010-10-28 | Brice Craig A | System, method, and apparatus for forming ballistic armor from ceramic and shape memory metallic alloy materials |
| CN108788437A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Xenogenesis Ni-Ti-based shape memory alloy spreads welding connection method |
| CN109161864A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of raising Al2O3The surface treatment method of ceramics and Ti6Al4V alloy welding performance |
-
2019
- 2019-03-29 CN CN201910249976.5A patent/CN111745278B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0292531A (en) * | 1988-09-29 | 1990-04-03 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Juncture of different kind material |
| DE4031550A1 (en) * | 1990-10-05 | 1992-04-09 | Daimler Benz Ag | Ballistic armour material for helmet - comprises plate or shell of ceramic layer soldered to layer of shape memory alloy for walls and vehicles |
| US20100269975A1 (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2010-10-28 | Brice Craig A | System, method, and apparatus for forming ballistic armor from ceramic and shape memory metallic alloy materials |
| CN101362253A (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2009-02-11 | 北京工业大学 | TiNi shape memory alloy and stainless steel instant liquid-phase diffusion welding connection method |
| CN108788437A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Xenogenesis Ni-Ti-based shape memory alloy spreads welding connection method |
| CN109161864A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of raising Al2O3The surface treatment method of ceramics and Ti6Al4V alloy welding performance |
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