CN111744083A - Waste gas separation treatment atomizing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste gas separation treatment atomization device, which comprises a mask with an air supply structure, an atomizer and an atomized waste gas disinfection treatment device, wherein the mask is provided with an air supply structure; the waste gas disinfection treatment device comprises a buffer air bag, a liquid filter, a salt crystallization filter and a final purification filter which are sequentially connected through pipelines; the liquid filter comprises a liquid tank and filtrate contained in the liquid tank; one end of the buffering air bag is communicated with the mask through a pipeline provided with a one-way valve I for preventing waste gas from flowing backwards, and the other end of the buffering air bag is communicated with filtrate in the liquid filter through a pipeline; the top of the liquid tank is communicated with a salt crystallization filter through a pipeline; an exhaust pump for controlling the internal pressure of the buffer air bag is arranged on the pipeline of the waste gas treatment device. The device can meet the breathing requirement of a human body, reduce the increase of breathing resistance caused by the closed mask, realize the effective collection, filtration and inactivation of harmful aerosol such as drug particles, pathogenic microorganisms and the like in the discharged waste gas, and prevent adverse reaction and cross infection caused by the diffusion of the harmful aerosol in the air.

Description

Waste gas separation treatment atomizing device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a waste gas separation treatment atomization device containing pathogenic microorganisms and residual medicines.

Background

The prior numerous aerosol inhalation treatment devices all adopt open mask ventilation equipment, aerosol containing pathogenic microorganisms and residual drug particles exhaled by a patient in the process of implementing drug atomization diffuses into the air along with open air holes, so that cross infection or drug toxic and side effects of personnel in the same space are easily caused, the health conditions of surrounding people are potentially threatened, if sudden respiratory tract related infectious diseases occur, the open aerosol inhalation device is only suitable for operating rooms or specific isolation wards with negative pressure suction, the diagnosis and treatment scenes of a large number of patients cannot be met, and the treatment and rehabilitation effects of the patients are seriously influenced.

The treatment of the atomized waste gas needs to solve two major problems, namely the collection of the waste gas and the treatment of harmful aerosol in the waste gas.

At present, no atomizer capable of really realizing atomized waste gas collection and treatment exists in the market. Although the invention such as patent with patent publication number CN107456636A entitled "an aerosol inhalation device for pediatric internal medicine" proposes to use a closed aerosol inhalation mask and collect exhaled exhaust gas by arranging an exhaust channel on the mask, the solutions fail to consider the air pressure balance problem in the closed mask during the specific use process, so that the product produced according to the design solution cannot be used in reality. The existing oxygen supply flow rate of the atomizer is limited in the atomization treatment process, and the gas flow in the closed mask cannot meet the gas flow required by the normal breathing physiology of the patient, so that the breathing difficulty of the patient is caused. Under the normal breathing state of the patient, the tidal volume of one breath reaches hundreds to thousands of milliliters. When in air suction, the oxygen supply flow of the existing closed atomizer is only 50-200 ml/s, and the requirement of the total amount of the inhaled gas cannot be met in a short time, so the inhaled gas needs to be supplemented from the outside. When exhaling, collect patient's expired gas through airtight pipe-line system and carry out terminal disinfection and handle, because patient's exhaust gas is very fast, sharp increase in the pipeline pressure short time, patient expiration resistance increases, leads to the patient to exhale the difficulty, impels the patient to breathe hard in atomizing process. Not only reduces the atomization effect of the medicine, but also is easy to further aggravate the lung injury of the respiratory disease patients.

Aiming at the treatment of harmful aerosol generated in the atomization process, currently, measures are mainly taken to adopt a method of filtering by a single-layer filter screen or absorbing by active carbon after centralized collection, but the exhaled gas of a patient contains a large amount of high-humidity liquid aerosol, and after the aerosol is absorbed and condensed into water, the adsorption capacity of filter paper or the active carbon is quickly saturated, so that the purification capacity is lost. Meanwhile, the saturated filtering device has poor gas permeability, and the exhaled gas is difficult to remove, so that the patient is easy to exhale difficultly. And after the aerosol carrying a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms is intercepted to the filter screen, various remaining pathogenic microorganisms are easy to adhere to the filter screen and propagate in large quantities, and the risk of secondary infection to patients or other people is possibly caused.

Although patent publication No. CN207493028U entitled "a child atomizing device" relates to a terminal sterilizing chamber disposed in an exhaust gas discharge passage so as to be able to sterilize toxic gas exhaled by a patient, the patent does not suggest a specific structure and material of the terminal sterilizing chamber, nor does it suggest a specific feasible solution for terminal exhaust gas sterilization. Patent publication is CN108030988A, and the patent of patent name "an atomizing face guard with connect the gas circuit" has proposed the scheme that can effectively discharge waste gas, though this face guard patent considers that the unable in time discharge of gas of patient's breathing airway exhalation under the reposition of redundant personnel state can cause the delay of waste gas in the atomizer chamber in the atomizing process to reduced the follow-up atomizing fog concentration of patient, prolonged the fog treatment time, reduced the fog treatment effect. Therefore, the patent adds an exhaust passage and a one-way valve in the scheme. However, the patent still ignores the collection treatment of harmful aerosol with toxic and side effects discharged by patients, and cannot effectively control potential cross infection. Patent publication No. CN108744185A entitled "mist control device box with filter plate" proposes that the device box uses filter material such as filter cotton or filter paper to filter the gas discharged from the patient to reduce the pollution of the aerosol liquid in the exhaust gas to the environment. It is worth noting that although components such as filter paper, filter cotton and active carbon can adsorb harmful aerosol in gas to a certain degree, the adsorbability and the holding capacity of the substances are limited, and under the condition of directly filtering high-humidity liquid aerosol, the components of the filter material are easy to reach a saturated state, so that the filtering and adsorbing capacity of the filter material is reduced or even lost, and meanwhile, the disinfection treatment function of the atomization device based on the adsorption principle is rapidly lost, the actual application effect of the product is poor, the value is reduced, and the application effectiveness is low.

In conclusion, the atomization device and the related patent scheme in the prior art have the problems that cross infection is easily caused by no waste gas treatment, the breathing of a patient is difficult due to an unreasonable design structure, the filtering effect of waste gas exhausted by the patient is poor due to an unreasonable waste gas treatment scheme and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above disadvantages in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas separation treatment atomization device, so as to solve the problem that no atomization device capable of truly realizing exhaust gas collection treatment exists in the current market, thereby easily causing cross infection, and solve the problems of influencing patient breathing, reducing atomization effect, potentially easily aggravating patient lung injury, and poor filtration effect of exhaust gas exhaled by a patient existing in the current atomized exhaust gas treatment technical scheme.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a waste gas separation treatment atomization device comprises a sealing face mask, an atomizer connected with the face mask through a pipeline, a waste gas disinfection treatment device and an air supplement structure on the face mask; the waste gas disinfection treatment device comprises a buffer air bag, a liquid filter, a salt crystallization filter and a final purification filter which are connected in sequence through pipelines and used for collecting the discharged waste gas; the liquid filter comprises a liquid tank and filtrate contained at the lower part of the liquid tank, and the top of the liquid tank is communicated with the salt crystallization filter through a pipeline; one end of the buffering air bag is communicated with the mask through a pipeline provided with a one-way valve I for preventing waste gas from flowing backwards, and the other end of the buffering air bag is communicated with filtrate in the liquid filter; an exhaust air pump for controlling the internal pressure of the buffer air bag is arranged on the pipeline of the waste gas treatment device.

The sealing mask is tightly attached to the face of a patient, so that cross infection and environmental pollution caused by gas exchange inside and outside the mask are prevented. If adopt closed atomizing inhalation face guard, the oxygen suppliment gas flow in the closed face guard can not satisfy the patient and normally breathe the needs, leads to the emergence of patient's inspiratory breathing difficulty, adopts the tonifying qi structure, can effectively alleviate patient's the difficulty of breathing in, and gas flow is sufficient, and the medicine is changeed and is reachd terminal respiratory track depths, has promoted medicine atomization effect. The liquid filter, the salt crystallization filter and the final purification filter are sequentially adopted for the waste gas exhaled by the patient, so that the liquid medicine particles, pathogenic microorganisms and other harmful aerosol in the waste gas exhaled by the patient can be effectively removed, and the purification efficiency is up to more than 99.95%. Prevent through setting up check valve I that the waste gas that the patient expired from flowing backwards the face guard in, prevent that the patient from inhaling waste gas repeatedly and influencing the curative effect, cause secondary damage. By arranging the exhaust air pump, the phenomenon that the pressure in the whole exhaust gas treatment device is increased sharply to influence the expiration of a patient can be prevented. Particularly for severe patients with dyspnea, the patient does not need to exhale hard in the atomization process, so that the patient can breathe smoothly effectively, and the fatigue of respiratory muscles of the patient can be relieved. The harmful components in the exhaust gas are aerosol containing residual atomized drug particles and various pathogenic microorganisms, and also contain a large amount of liquid molecules, which are high-humidity gases. After the high-humidity gas passes through a liquid filter with the disinfection and inactivation effects, most harmful aerosol is adsorbed in the filtrate.

Further, the air pump is arranged on a pipeline between the buffering air bag and the liquid filter. The speed of the air pump is adjustable, and the speed of the air pump is matched with the oxygen supply flow rate of the atomizer in use. When the patient exhales, need overcome the hydraulic pressure in the liquid filter, it is comparatively difficult to some critical patients especially, for the emergence that prevents expiratory dyspnea, the air pump sets up between gasbag and filtrating filter, and the discharge of supplementary waste gas reduces the patient and breathes the work consumption of doing work.

Furthermore, a connecting part of the other end of the buffering air bag and filtrate in the liquid filter is provided with a plurality of branch exhaust pipes or a shower structure with multiple through holes. When waste gas discharged by a patient enters filtrate at the bottom of the liquid filter through the pipeline, the arrangement of the multi-through hole ensures that the same exhaust cross section area is not reduced, the contact area of gas and the filtrate is increased by dispersing exhaust, the absorption of atomized liquid aerosol is increased, and the purification effect of the filtrate filter is greatly improved.

Furthermore, the air supply structure is a pipeline connecting passage with an opening on the face mask, and a one-way valve II for preventing the atomizing gas from flowing into the environment is arranged on the connecting passage. Through set up check valve II on the face guard, guarantee that the patient breathes in unblocked, and the waste gas of patient's exhalation can not release in the exterior space, simple structure, the cost is low.

Further, the liquid filter also comprises a water filtering structure, the water filtering structure comprises a plurality of layers of metal filter screens for condensing water vapor, and the metal filter screens are arranged between the surface of the filtrate in the liquid tank and the air outlet of the liquid tank. Through the setting of metal filter screen, can make liquid filter and salt crystallization filter keep apart, the vapor condensation that liquid filter volatilizees on the metal filter screen, the water droplet of condensation flows back to in the filtrating of liquid filter bottom by the action of gravity. The setting of drainage structure has effectively avoided the waste gas to lead to the condition that salt crystallization dissolves in a large number in the salt crystallization filter because of remaining more steam after passing through liquid filter, has ensured salt crystallization filter's high-efficient purifying action.

Furthermore, the metal filter screen and the inner wall of the liquid tank are arranged at an angle. The water vapor is condensed on the metal filter screen, so that the condensed water can flow back to the filtrate quickly.

Furthermore, the water filtering structure also comprises water-absorbing cotton for absorbing water vapor, and the water-absorbing cotton is arranged between the metal filter screen and the air outlet of the liquid tank. Through the arrangement of the water-absorbing cotton, water vapor in the filtrate filter can be effectively prevented from entering the salt crystallization filter, and the purification effect of the salt crystallization filter is guaranteed.

Furthermore, the number of the liquid filters is two, namely a liquid filter I and a liquid filter II; and the air outlet pipe of the liquid filter I is communicated with the filtrate in the liquid filter II. Through setting up two filtrating filters, can make the waste gas purifying effect of patient's exhalation reach more than 92%, effectively reduced harmful aerosol content such as drug particles and pathogenic microorganism in the exhalation gas, also can ensure subsequent purifier's purifying effect simultaneously. More than two liquid filters can be arranged, so that the filtering effect is better. The filtrate in the liquid filter can be common disinfectant, such as chlorine-containing disinfectant, alcohol disinfectant, quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant and the like or hypertonic salt solution and the like. Common purified water can also be used.

Further, the salt crystallization filter comprises a shell and a salt crystallization filter element arranged in the shell and used for filtering waste gas; the salt crystallization filter element is composed of a support arranged in the shell in a grid shape and salt crystals arranged on the support; the salt crystals include one or more of sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, sulfate, ammonium, phosphate, glutamate, tartrate, and ions thereof. The crystalline salt is a coarse grained salt crystal. The support is a mesh pore structure, and the pore size is suitable for preventing salt crystal particles from filtering and falling. The salt crystal filter is formed by laying salt crystals on a fine mesh support, and gas filtered by the liquid filter flows through the salt crystal disinfection layer and enters the final filtering and purifying filter through a pipeline. The disinfection process of the gas in the salt crystal filter can lead the salt crystal to be locally and minimally dissolved to form a local high-concentration salt solution. After the atomization is finished, the salt crystallization filter is heated or naturally dried, the salt solution in the salt crystallization filter can be recrystallized, the effect of repeated use is achieved, and various pathogens are inactivated in the hypertonic environment of the salt solution and the recrystallization process.

Further, salt crystallization filter still includes heating device, heating device is including the sleeve of cover between shell and salt crystallization filter core and set up the heating structure between sleeve and shell. Through the setting of sleeve and heating structure, can make the salt crystallization in time resume dry state, keep the inactivation ability, thereby prevent that steam from making the salt crystallization excessively dissolve and reduce the effect of filtering the inactivation. The heating structure can be provided with constant temperature heating to ensure that the device cannot be damaged due to overhigh temperature when the proper constant temperature is heated. Meanwhile, the constant temperature is kept at a high temperature for a certain time (such as 62-65 ℃, 30min or 75-90 ℃, 15s-16s), and the disinfection effect is achieved.

Further, the final purification filter comprises a filter cartridge and a HEPA filter disposed in the filter cartridge for filtering exhaust gas. The composite antibacterial HEPA filter screen can effectively adsorb and purify ultrafine suspended particles with extremely strong penetrating power and particle sizes of about 0.005 mu m in air, such as more than 80 harmful suspended substances and suspended particles of heavy metal powder, dust, pollen, abrasive particles, smoke, spores, liquid particles, cigarette smoke, viruses, carbon black, soot, burning nuclei and the like, through deep electrostatic electret treatment, the purification efficiency is up to 99.972%, the resistance is only 32Pa, and the antibacterial grade of the filter paper to staphylococcus aureus is 5.2 (the standard antibacterial grade is more than or equal to 2.0). On the basis of the two-stage filter device, the purification rate of the exhaust gas exhaled by the patient can reach 99.99% through the arrangement of the final purification filter, so that the pathogen is effectively prevented from diffusing into the air, and the pathogen can be effectively blocked by the filter device, particularly hospitals, exposed medical staff and other personnel without negative pressure facilities.

Furthermore, a one-way valve III for preventing the gas in the mask from flowing back to the atomizer is arranged on a channel connecting the atomizer and the mask. Through the setting of check valve III, can prevent that the waste gas of patient's exhalation from getting into the atomizer, prevent to cause cross contamination to the atomizer, also prevent that the patient from inhaling waste gas repeatedly and influencing the drug effect. The patient is when breathing in, and the check valve is automatic to be opened for in the atomizing medicine enters into the face guard, when the patient exhales, check valve self-closing prevents that the patient from breathing spun air current and entering into in the atomizer main part, thereby plays and prevents that the germ from remaining in the atomizer main part, prevents that next patient from using atomizing device to cause cross infection.

The system further comprises a detection backflow device, wherein the detection backflow device comprises a detector connected with the final purification device through a pipeline, a gas splitter connected with the detector through a pipeline, and a controller electrically connected with the detector and the gas splitter respectively; the gas splitter is provided with two branch outlets, one branch outlet is connected to a pipeline between the one-way valve I and the filtrate filter through a pipeline, and the other branch outlet is communicated with air; whether the waste gas discharged by the final purification device reaches the discharge index is detected by a detector, so that the flow direction of the waste gas in the gas splitter is controlled.

The supplement of the backflow device is detected, so that the waste gas which does not reach the standard can be reintroduced into the waste gas treatment device to be disinfected again in a centralized manner; when the exhaust gas reaches the standard in the detector, the exhaust gas after purification is discharged to the environment through the controller controlling the gas splitter, and the purification effect of the whole exhaust gas separation treatment atomization device is ensured.

The principle of the invention is as follows: after the patient wears the atomizing mask, start the atomizer, in the in-process of breathing in, through check valve I and atomizer pipeline, inhale gas and atomized medicine. When the patient exhales, the gas exhausted by the patient enters the buffering air bag, and under the action of the air pump, the waste gas sequentially passes through the liquid filter, the salt crystallization filter and the final purification filter, is detected by the detector, and can be discharged into the environment through the gas splitter after reaching the standard.

The exhaust gas separation treatment atomization device has the following benefits:

1. through the closed loop of the non-open type atomization mask, the integrated totally-enclosed closed loop of the atomizer, the mask, the waste gas treatment device and the like is adopted, and the cleanness and the non-pollution of the discharged gas are ensured. The device can ensure the normal supply of oxygen required by a patient, can effectively and correctly collect and treat waste gas generated in the atomization process, and finally discharges the gas in a harmless way to protect other people from cross infection and the harm of toxic and side effects of medicines.

2. The closed airflow conveying method is adopted, the air flow required by the normal breathing physiology of a human body cannot be met only by the existing oxygen supply flow rate of the atomizer, and an air supplementing device is arranged at the air input end or the contact end of the face mask. By utilizing the combined action of the negative pressure state in the face mask during inhalation, the external air flow is sucked and flows into and is mixed with the medicine spray ejected by the atomizer, the gas inhalation amount of a patient is improved, the normal breathing requirement of the human body is supplemented, and the symptoms of dyspnea and the like caused by insufficient gas and over-low air pressure in the breathing process are effectively relieved.

3. The exhaust resistance of the atomization treatment system provided with the three-stage waste gas disinfection and filtration device can be greatly increased, and harmful aerosol discharged in the atomization process of a patient can not be completely and effectively treated in a short time. Aiming at the situation, a method of additionally arranging a buffering air bag is adopted, the air bag is utilized to temporarily store and buffer the exhaust gas exhaled by the patient, the exhalation resistance is reduced, the surging speed of the gas in the pipeline is reduced, the contact time of the exhaust gas and the disinfection and filtration device is prolonged, the disinfection contact area is increased, the harmful aerosol is sufficiently disinfected in the atomization treatment system device, and the safety of the exhaust gas is increased.

4. Set up negative pressure suction device like the air pump at gas discharge route in-process, air pump speed is adjustable, it suits with atomizing oxygen suppliment and patient's breathing flow rate through adjustment air pump speed, harmful gas gets into exhaust treatment device in the even suction buffering gasbag, effectively keep gasbag and lower pressure level in the discharge gas channel, form the unobstructed gas outgoing of low pressure-keep in-disinfection processing passageway, reduce patient's expiration resistance, avoid the emergence of breathing difficulty of breathing nature, it is unobstructed to make the patient breathe, reinforcing patient's product use comfort.

5. As for the waste gas treatment device, the invention adopts a three-stage disinfection and filtration treatment device. The water filter can effectively absorb most of discharged harmful gas and aerosol components by utilizing the adsorption effect of water molecules or disinfectant components on the aerosol; salt crystallization components are uniformly paved in a salt crystallization filter of the secondary disinfection device, so that the maximum disinfection and sterilization are realized; the final purifying processor of the three-stage purifying device can further ensure the safety and sanitation of the gas discharged into the environment, and the purifying rate can reach more than 99.99 percent. The waste gas separation treatment atomization device disclosed by the invention is generally common in used materials, low in material cost, economical and practical, and easy to accept by consumers.

6. The liquid filter, the salt crystallization filter and the final purification filter in the waste gas treatment atomization device can be detached, cleaned and replaced, and the capability of inactivating pathogenic microorganisms by salt crystallization can be regenerated. Simple structure, outstanding purifying effect and reduced use cost.

Drawings

The contents of the description and the references in the drawings are briefly described as follows:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1 is a face mask, 2 is an atomizer, and 3 is a buffer air bag; 4 is a liquid filter, 41 is a liquid tank; 42 is a filtrate; 43 is a metal filter screen; 44 is absorbent cotton; 5 is a salt crystallization filter, 51 is a shell; 52 is a salt crystallization filter element; 53 is a sleeve; 54 is a heating structure; 6 is a final cleaning filter; 61 is a filter cartridge; 62 is HEPA filter screen; 7 is a one-way valve I; 8 is an air pump; 9 is a one-way valve II; 10 is a check valve III; 11 is a detector; 12 is a gas splitter; and 13 is a controller.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be further elucidated with reference to the following non-limiting embodiment in which the drawing is combined. It should be understood that these descriptions are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1, the exhaust gas separation treatment atomization device comprises a sealing face mask 1, an atomizer 2 connected with the face mask 1 through a pipeline, an exhaust gas disinfection treatment device and an air supplement structure on the face mask 1; the waste gas disinfection treatment device comprises a buffer air bag 3, a liquid filter 4, a salt crystallization filter 5 and a final purification filter 6 which are connected in sequence through pipelines and used for collecting and discharging waste gas; the liquid filter 4 comprises a liquid tank 41 and a filtrate 42 contained at the lower part of the liquid tank 41, and the top of the liquid tank 41 is communicated with the salt crystallization filter 5 through a pipeline; one end of the buffering air bag 3 is communicated with the face mask 1 through a pipeline provided with a one-way valve I for preventing waste gas from flowing backwards, and the other end of the buffering air bag is communicated with filtrate 42 in the liquid filter 4; an exhaust air pump 8 for controlling the internal pressure of the buffer airbag 3 is arranged on the pipeline of the exhaust gas treatment device. The air pump 8 is disposed on the pipe between the buffer bag 3 and the liquid filter 4. The air supplementing structure is a pipeline connecting passage which is opened on the face mask 1 and is provided with a one-way valve II 9 for preventing the atomized gas from flowing to the outside. The connecting part of the other end of the buffer air bag 3 and the filtrate 42 in the liquid filter 4 is provided with a plurality of branch exhaust pipes or a shower structure with multiple through holes.

As shown in fig. 1, the number of the liquid filters 4 is two, namely a liquid filter i and a liquid filter ii; and the air outlet pipe of the liquid filter I is communicated with the filtrate 42 in the liquid filter II. In the embodiment, the filtrate 42 adopts the chlorine-containing disinfectant as the filtrate 42, and the waste gas passes through the primary liquid filter 4 twice, so that more than 92% of aerosol in the waste gas as shown in table one can be removed, the disinfection, purification and filtration pressure of the subsequent salt crystallization filter 5 and the final purification filter 6 is reduced, the disassembly and cleaning after continuous use by multiple persons can be realized, the service life of the waste gas treatment device is prolonged, and the use cost is reduced. A one-way valve III 10 for preventing the gas in the face mask 1 from flowing back to the atomizer 2 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the atomizer 2 and the face mask 1.

	PM10(μg/m3)	PM2.5(μg/m3)	PM1.0(μg/m3)
				Environmental base value	51	37	21
Before purification	999	999	587
				Liquid filter I (1000ml)	205	137	80
Liquid filter II (2000ml)	78	56	32
				Residual ratio of Aerosol 1	0.21	0.14	0.14
Purification Rate 1	0.79	0.86	0.86
				Residual rate of aerosol 2	0.08	0.06	0.05
Purification Rate 2	0.92	0.94	0.95

Meter-liquid filter purifying efficiency meter

In the table I, PM1.0-PM10 represent the concentration of inhalable aerosol particles of various sizes; "ambient base value" means the initial concentration of aerosol of various sizes in the ambient air outside the sealed face mask 1; "before purification" means the aerosol concentration of the exhaust gas collected in the buffer bag 3; "liquid filter I" means the residual concentration of aerosol after the exhaust gas passes through the liquid filter I as described in FIG. 1; "liquid filter II" means the residual concentration of aerosol after the exhaust gas passes through liquid filter II as described in FIG. 1; "Aerosol residual ratio 1" represents the ratio of the "liquid filter I" to the "before purification" value; the "purification rate 1" is 1 to "aerosol residual rate 1", that is, the purification efficiency of the liquid filter i is expressed; "Aerosol residual ratio 2" represents the ratio of the "liquid filter II" to the "before purification" value; the "purification rate 2" is 1 to "aerosol remaining rate 2", that is, the purification efficiency of the exhaust gas after passing through the liquid filter i and the liquid filter ii. As can be seen from the table I, the purification efficiency of the atomized exhaust gas in the closed mask 1 can reach more than 92% after being collected and filtered by the liquid filter 4.

The salt crystallization filter 5 comprises a shell 51 and a salt crystallization filter element 52 which is arranged in the shell 51 and used for filtering the waste gas; the salt crystallization filter element 52 is composed of a support arranged in the shell 51 in a grid shape and salt crystals attached to the support; the crystalline salt is a coarse grained salt crystal. The support is a two-layer net-shaped pore structure arranged on the shell 51, the salt crystal is clamped between the two-layer net-shaped pore structure, and the pore size is suitable for preventing the salt crystal particles from filtering and falling. The salt crystal is a sodium chloride crystal, so that the cost is greatly saved by using the sodium chloride, and the medical expense of a patient is reduced. The sodium chloride used in this example is not necessarily limited to the salts used in this example. After the waste gas passes through the salt crystallization filter 5, the filtering and disinfection treatment of 99% harmful aerosol in the waste gas can be realized.

The final purification filter 6 includes a filter cartridge 61 and a HEPA filter 62 disposed in the filter cartridge 61 to filter exhaust gas. The purifying efficiency of pathogens and aerosol of the gas filtered by the HEPA filter screen 62 can reach more than 99.99 percent.

Example two

As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that:

the liquid filter 4 further comprises a water filtering structure, the water filtering structure comprises a plurality of layers of metal filter screens 43 for condensing water vapor, and the metal filter screens 43 are arranged between the surface of the filtrate 42 in the liquid tank 41 and the air outlet of the liquid tank 41. The water filtering structure further comprises water-absorbing cotton 44 for absorbing water vapor, and the water-absorbing cotton 44 is arranged between the metal filter screen 43 and the air outlet of the liquid tank 41. The drainage structure sets up respectively on liquid filter I and liquid filter II, through set up drainage structure on liquid filter I, can prevent that the steam in the liquid filter I from passing through II filtering incompleteness of liquid filter, can improve and filter efficiency, prolongs the live time of drainage structure in the liquid filter II. Through the arrangement of the water filtering structure, 95% -98% of aerosol in the waste gas can be removed through the two-stage filtrate 42 filter, the humidity of the waste gas is further reduced, and the effective service time of the subsequent purifying material is prolonged.

The tail end of the waste gas disinfection treatment device is also provided with a detection backflow device, and the detection backflow device comprises a detector 11 connected with a final purification device through a pipeline, a gas splitter 12 connected with the detector 11 through a pipeline, and a controller 13 electrically connected with the detector 11 and the gas splitter 12 respectively; the gas splitter 12 is provided with two branch outlets, wherein one branch outlet is connected to a pipeline between the buffer airbag 3 and the liquid filter 4 through a pipeline, and the other branch outlet is communicated with air; the flow direction of the exhaust gas in the gas splitter 12 is controlled by the controller 13 by detecting whether the exhaust gas discharged from the final purification apparatus reaches the emission index by the detector 11. As shown in fig. 2, when the gas is detected by the detector 11 and the result shows that the gas is qualified, the controller 13 controls and controls the gas splitter 12 to directly discharge the gas into the environment; if the aerosol detection is not qualified, the controller 13 controls the gas splitter 12 to return the treated gas to the third-stage filter. Can realize 100 percent of waste gas purification reaching the standard.

Example three:

as shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that:

a main pipe is connected to the face mask 1, the atomizer 2 is connected to the main pipe through a one-way valve III 10, and a one-way valve I7 and a one-way valve II 9 are connected to the main pipe between the one-way valve III 10 and the face mask 1 through branch pipes respectively. A main pipe is connected to the face mask 1, so that the functions of atomization, air supply and air exhaust can be realized. When a patient inhales, the one-way valve II 9 and the one-way valve III 10 are respectively opened, the one-way valve I7 is closed, and the medicine mixed air sprayed by the atomizer 2 enters the face mask 1; when a patient exhales, the one-way valve I7 is opened, the one-way valve II 9 and the one-way valve III 10 are closed, and the gas exhaled by the patient enters the buffer air bag 3 through the branch pipe; wherein the air flow rate of the air pump 8 is adapted to the atomization oxygen supply and the respiration flow rate of the patient, so as to prevent the ambient air from entering the buffer air bag 3 when the air pump 8 exhausts. Through the setting of being responsible for with each branch pipe, simplified the setting of each pipeline, it is simpler and more convenient to operate, and the cost is reduced, and makes each structure regular orderly more.

The salt crystallization filter 5 further comprises a heating device, wherein the heating device comprises a sleeve 53 sleeved in the shell 51 and a heating structure 54 wound outside the sleeve 53; salt crystallization filter core 52 sets up in sleeve 53, through sleeve 53 and the setting of the adjustable heating structure 54 of suitable constant temperature, can make the salt crystallization in time keep dry state, keeps the inactivation ability, thereby prevents that steam from making salt crystallization excessively dissolve and reduce the effect of filtering the inactivation to can effectively avoid the high temperature and damage equipment. Meanwhile, the constant temperature is kept at a high temperature for a certain time, such as 62-65 ℃, 30min or 75-90 ℃, 15s-16s, and the disinfection effect is achieved.

The related processing, sending, receiving and other programs of the controller 13 and the like are routine technical choices of those skilled in the art, belong to the prior art, can be obtained without creative labor, and do not belong to the object protected by the invention.

The above examples are to be construed as merely illustrative and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure. After reading the description of the invention, the skilled person can make various changes or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall into the scope of the invention defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The waste gas separation treatment atomization device is characterized by comprising a sealing face mask (1), an atomizer (2) connected with the face mask (1) through a pipeline, a waste gas disinfection treatment device and an air supplement structure on the face mask (1); the waste gas disinfection treatment device comprises a buffer air bag (3), a liquid filter (4), a salt crystallization filter (5) and a final purification filter (6) which are connected in sequence through pipelines and used for collecting and discharging waste gas; the liquid filter (4) comprises a liquid tank (41) and a filtrate (42) contained at the lower part of the liquid tank (41), and the top of the liquid tank (41) is communicated with the salt crystallization filter (5) through a pipeline; one end of the buffering air bag (3) is communicated with the mask (1) through a pipeline provided with a one-way valve I for preventing waste gas from flowing backwards, and the other end of the buffering air bag is communicated with filtrate (42) in the liquid filter (4) through a pipeline; an exhaust air pump (8) for controlling the internal pressure of the buffer air bag (3) is arranged on the pipeline of the waste gas treatment device.

2. The exhaust gas separation treatment atomizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the air pump (8) is provided on a pipe between the buffering bladder (3) and the liquid filter (4).

3. The exhaust gas separation treatment atomizing device according to claim 1, wherein the air supply structure is a pipeline connecting passage opened on the face mask (1), and a one-way valve II (9) for preventing the atomizing gas from flowing into the environment is arranged on the connecting passage; a one-way valve III (10) for preventing the gas in the face mask (1) from flowing back into the atomizer (2) is arranged on a pipeline connecting the atomizer (2) and the face mask (1).

4. The exhaust gas separation treatment atomizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid filter (4) further comprises a water filtering structure, the water filtering structure comprises a plurality of layers of metal screens (43) for capturing and condensing water vapor, and the metal screens (43) are arranged between the surface of the filtrate (42) in the liquid tank (41) and the air outlet of the liquid tank (41).

5. The exhaust gas separation treatment atomizing device according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the water filtering structure further comprises water-absorbing cotton (44) for absorbing water vapor, and the water-absorbing cotton (44) is arranged between the metal screen (43) and the outlet of the liquid tank (41).

6. The exhaust gas separation, treatment and atomization device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of branch exhaust pipes or a multi-hole shower head structure is arranged at a connecting part where the other end of the buffering air bag (3) is communicated with the filtrate (42) in the liquid filter (4).

7. The exhaust gas separation treatment atomizing device according to claim 1, wherein the salt crystallization filter (5) includes a housing (51) and a salt crystallization filter element (52) disposed in the housing (51) for filtering the exhaust gas; the salt crystallization filter element (52) is composed of a support arranged in the shell in a grid shape and salt crystals arranged on the support; the salt crystals include one or more of sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, sulfate, ammonium, phosphate, glutamate, tartrate, and ions thereof.

8. The exhaust gas separation treatment atomization device according to claim 1, wherein the salt crystallization filter (5) further comprises a heating device, and the heating device comprises a sleeve (53) sleeved between the housing (51) and the salt crystallization filter element (52) and a heating structure (54) arranged between the sleeve (53) and the housing (51).

9. The exhaust gas separation treatment atomizing device according to claim 1, wherein the final purification filter (6) includes a filter cartridge (61) and a HEPA screen (62) disposed in the filter cartridge (61) to filter the exhaust gas.

10. The exhaust gas separation treatment atomizing device according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a detection backflow device, wherein the detection backflow device comprises a detector (11) connected with the final purification device through a pipeline, a gas splitter (12) connected with the detector (11) through a pipeline, and a controller (13) electrically connected with the detector (11) and the gas splitter (12), respectively; the gas splitter (12) is provided with two branch outlets, one branch outlet is connected to a pipeline between the buffer air bag (3) and the liquid filter (4) through a pipeline, and the other branch outlet is communicated with air; whether the exhaust gas discharged by the final purification device reaches the emission index is detected by a detector (11), so that the flow direction of the exhaust gas in the gas splitter (12) is controlled by a controller (13).

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