CN111740769A - Repeater based on LoRa radio frequency chip and communication method - Google Patents
Repeater based on LoRa radio frequency chip and communication method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111740769A CN111740769A CN202010562687.3A CN202010562687A CN111740769A CN 111740769 A CN111740769 A CN 111740769A CN 202010562687 A CN202010562687 A CN 202010562687A CN 111740769 A CN111740769 A CN 111740769A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
- H04B7/15507—Relay station based processing for cell extension or control of coverage area
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
- H04L41/0823—Configuration setting characterised by the purposes of a change of settings, e.g. optimising configuration for enhancing reliability
- H04L41/0826—Configuration setting characterised by the purposes of a change of settings, e.g. optimising configuration for enhancing reliability for reduction of network costs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0893—Assignment of logical groups to network elements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a repeater based on a LoRa radio frequency chip and a communication method, wherein the repeater comprises a micro control unit, a first LoRa radio frequency chip, a second LoRa radio frequency chip and a power supply unit; the first LoRa radio frequency chip and the second LoRa radio frequency chip are in data interaction with the micro control unit through the SPI; the power supply unit is electrically connected with the micro control unit and used for supplying power to the repeater. The repeater builds a bridge between the blind zone terminal and the LoRa base station, and extends the coverage range of the LoRa base station; the repeater provided by the invention is used in a place where the terminal is discrete or has no signal, so that the number of LoRa base stations can be reduced, and the deployment cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of communication of the Internet of things, and particularly relates to a repeater based on a LoRa radio frequency chip and a communication method.
Background
With the rapid development of the internet of things, the application of the internet of things is increasingly wide, and the span of the internet of things applied to regions is also increasingly large. The LoRa communication is one of low-power-consumption wide area network communication technologies, and is an ultra-long-distance wireless transmission technology based on a spread spectrum technology adopted and popularized by the company Semtech. The key position of the LoRa star network at the LoRa repeater position is an information bridge between a terminal and a base station and is also a multi-channel transceiver. In the existing loRa communication technology, the adopted repeater and base station not only have high equipment cost, large installation difficulty and harsh construction conditions, but also deploy the existing repeater or base station in places with small number of loRa terminal products and wide distribution or places with poor loRa signals (generally called loRa blind area terminals) such as basements and the like, and have extremely low cost performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a repeater based on a LoRa radio frequency chip and a communication method, so as to solve the problems pointed out in the background technology.
The invention provides a repeater based on a LoRa radio frequency chip, which comprises a micro control unit, a first LoRa radio frequency chip, a second LoRa radio frequency chip and a power supply unit, wherein the micro control unit is used for controlling the first LoRa radio frequency chip and the second LoRa radio frequency chip;
the first LoRa radio frequency chip and the second LoRa radio frequency chip are in data interaction with the micro control unit through the SPI;
the power supply unit is electrically connected with the micro control unit and used for supplying power to the repeater.
Preferably, the power supply unit comprises an internal battery module and an external power supply module, the external power supply module being compatible with an external adapter.
The communication method based on the repeater provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) powering on the repeater and starting up the repeater to perform LoRaWAN full-frequency network searching;
(2) the first LoRa radio frequency chip keeps a LoRa point-to-point RX receiving mode, when data reported by the blind zone terminal are received, the data are cached, and the first LoRa radio frequency chip is switched back to the LoRa point-to-point RX receiving mode;
(3) the second LoRa radio frequency chip usually adopts the LoRa point-to-point RX receiving mode, and once the first LoRa radio frequency chip or the second LoRa radio frequency chip receive the data of the blind area terminal, the second LoRa radio frequency chip is switched to the LoRaWAN data interaction mode, pushes the data to the LoRa base station, receives the data sent by the LoRa base station to the blind area terminal after the sending is completed, and immediately switches to the LoRa point-to-point RX receiving mode after the data received by the LoRa base station is sent to the LoRa blind area terminal or the LoRaWAN is overtime.
In the step (1), LoRaWAN full-frequency network searching is carried out, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(101) dividing the LoRa working frequency band into a plurality of frequency bands, wherein two groups of adjacent frequency bands are separated by the same preset value, each group of frequency bands comprises a plurality of frequency points, and the two groups of adjacent frequency points are separated by the same preset value;
(102) the repeater adopts a LoRaWAN data interaction mode, sequentially sends null data with ACK reply to a LoRa base station at the initial frequency point of each group of frequency bands, and then sends the null data to the equipment management platform;
(103) when the equipment management platform receives the null data, replying an uplink frequency point and a downlink frequency point configured by the LoRa gateway;
(104) when the repeater receives the reply, the uplink frequency point and the downlink frequency point are stored, the number of the network access frequency band is stored, and the repeater is powered on again next time, the repeater firstly accesses the network from the stored network access frequency band;
(105) when the repeater does not receive the reply, the repeater sends the reply for a plurality of times, and if the repeater does not receive the reply for a plurality of times, the repeater switches to the initial frequency point of the next group of frequency bands, executes the substep (102), and circularly switches until the network access is successful; once the repeater receives the reply, sub-step (104) is performed.
The invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:
(1) the repeater of the invention builds a bridge between the blind zone terminal and the LoRa base station, and extends the coverage range of the LoRa base station.
(2) The repeater provided by the invention is used in a place where the terminal is discrete or has no signal, so that the number of LoRa base stations can be reduced, and the deployment cost is reduced.
(3) The repeater adopts full frequency hopping network access mode, can adapt to the loRa basic station of different frequency channels.
(4) The repeater can realize a point-to-point configuration function, can also perform parameter configuration on the premise of not dismantling equipment, is convenient and quick for equipment configuration deployed at places which cannot be contacted, such as high altitude, pipelines and the like, and reduces the maintenance cost.
(5) The serial port data output function ensures that the repeater has good expandability.
(6) The repeater supports one-to-many data transmission, and data of a plurality of blind zone terminals in the signal coverage range of the repeater can be transmitted to an LoRa base station through the repeater.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a repeater configuration in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the internal software architecture of the repeater of the present invention, the bottom layer is a driver library of the main control MCU, and all interface drivers and application programs are based on the driver library and are the basis for all program operations; the second layer upwards is an interface driving layer and comprises an interface SPI1 driver of a first LoRa radio frequency chip, an interface SPI2 driver of a second LoRa radio frequency chip, an external UART serial port driver and a voltage detection ADC driver; the third layer is an equipment driving layer which comprises an equipment driver of a first LoRa radio frequency chip, an equipment driver of a second LoRa radio frequency chip, a serial port configuration driving code and an electric quantity monitoring calculation driving code; the top layer is an application layer code which comprises all LoRaWAN and LoRa point-to-point transmission TX and reception RX application implementation codes of a first LoRa radio frequency chip, and the LoRa point-to-point transmission TX and reception RX application implementation codes of a second LoRa radio frequency chip;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a networking of repeaters;
fig. 4 is another schematic networking diagram of a repeater.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the technical principles, technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention, the following further describes specific embodiments of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a repeater in a specific embodiment is shown, which includes a micro control unit, a first LoRa rf chip, a second LoRa rf chip, and a power supply unit; the first LoRa radio frequency chip and the second LoRa radio frequency chip are in data interaction with the micro control unit through an SPI (serial peripheral interface); the power supply unit is electrically connected with the micro control unit and used for supplying power to the repeater. The power supply unit further comprises an internal battery module and an external power supply module, and the external power supply module is compatible with an external adapter. One specific implementation is as follows: the repeater adopts an internal 3.6V battery module for power supply, and adopts an external power supply module compatible with a 5V adapter for power supply. When the adapter is powered off, the power supply is switched to the power supply of the internal battery module, and external power supply disconnection alarm data is reported to the LoRa base station and then to the equipment management background. When the external adapter is powered on, reporting external power supply recovery data to the LoRa base station, and then sending the data to the equipment management background. When the power supply of the external adapter is cut off and the power supply voltage of the internal battery module is less than 3V, reporting an no-external low-power alarm; and when the power supply voltage of the internal battery module is less than 2.7V, reporting a low-power shutdown alarm, and reporting to complete shutdown.
In this specific embodiment, the micro control unit adopts an MCU, specifically adopts STM32L071K8U6 model chip, supports SPI interface, UART interface, and supports the storage of 20K terminal data. First loRa radio frequency chip and second loRa radio frequency chip all adopt sx1268 model chip, and this chip transmitting power is higher, can reach 22dbm, and transmission distance is farther, and the consumption is lower, and the penetrability is stronger.
The repeater supports a public network mode and a private network mode, wherein the public network mode refers to a LoRaWAN data interaction mode, and the private network mode refers to a LoRa point-to-point data interaction mode. The first LoRa radio frequency chip is always in a LoRa point-to-point data interaction mode and is always in an RX receiving mode, if data reported by the blind area terminal are received, the data are cached, and then the first LoRa radio frequency chip is switched back to the LoRa point-to-point RX receiving mode.
The second LoRa rf chip is also generally used as a LoRa point-to-point RX receiving mode, and if the first LoRa rf chip or the second LoRa rf chip receives data from the blind area terminal, the second LoRa rf chip is switched to the LoRaWAN data interaction mode, and pushes the data to the LoRa base station. After the data transmission is finished, the LoRaWAN is opened to receive the data downlink from the LoRa base station to the blind area terminal, and after the LoRaWAN data receives the data of the LoRa base station and transmits the data to the LoRa blind area terminal or the LoRaWAN receives overtime, the LoRaWAN is immediately switched to a LoRa point-to-point RX receiving mode.
The repeater reserves a serial port, can be locally configured through the serial port, is connected to a computer by using a serial port line, configures the working mode of the repeater, LoRa point-to-point transmitting and receiving frequency points, LoRaWAN transmitting and receiving frequency bands, transmitting power and the like through a serial port tool, and can also configure the data of the repeater to be output from the serial port and directly transmitted to a user computer.
The repeater supports a point-to-point configuration function, and parameter configuration is carried out in a LoRa broadcast connection mode corresponding to the inconvenience of connecting a serial port due to the fact that the repeater is installed.
Fig. 3 shows that LoRa repeater network deployment sketch map, and the LoRa repeater can set up in the signal blind area, and the blind area terminal is the LoRa terminal, and the LoRa repeater passes through LoRa base station and the mutual data of equipment management platform. The communication principle of the LoRa repeater (namely the repeater based on the LoRa radio frequency chip) is as follows:
after the LoRa repeater is electrified and started, the network is searched in a public network LoRaWAN mode, the network is searched in 470 MHz-510 MHz full frequency hopping according to the appointed frequency point, the channel configuration condition of the LoRa base station in the current environment does not need to be confirmed, and the method has strong adaptability. After the network searching is successful, the long receiving mode of the private network LoRa protocol is switched to receive the uplink data of the LoRa blind area terminal, after the data are received, the public network LoRaWAN protocol is switched to send the received data to the LoRa base station, and then the LoRa base station transmits the received data to the background server in an uplink mode. Meanwhile, downlink data of the background server are downlink to the LoRa repeater through the LoRa base station according to the LoRaWAN protocol of the public network, and then downlink to the LoRa terminal through the LoRa repeater according to the LoRa protocol of the private network.
The detailed steps of the communication method based on the LoRa repeater of the present invention will be provided below.
(1) The repeater is powered on and automatically started to perform LoRaWAN full-frequency hopping network searching.
In this embodiment, the LoRa working frequency bands 470MHz to 510MHz are divided into 20 groups of frequency bands, two adjacent groups of frequency bands are separated by 2M, each group of frequency bands includes 8 frequency points, two adjacent groups of frequency points are separated by 200K, and the distribution is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 frequency band Allocation
| Group of | Frequency point 1 | Frequency point 2 | Frequency point 3 | Frequency point 4 | Frequency point 5 | Frequency point 6 | Frequency point 7 | Frequency point 8 |
| 1 | 470.3 | 470.5 | 470.7 | 470.9 | 471.1 | 471.3 | 471.5 | 471.7 |
| 2 | 472.3 | 472.5 | 472.7 | 472.9 | 473.1 | 473.3 | 473.5 | 473.7 |
| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 20 | 508.3 | 508.5 | 508.7 | 508.9 | 509.1 | 509.3 | 509.5 | 509.7 |
The LoRaWAN full-frequency network searching principle is as follows:
and the repeater sequentially sends the null data with the ACK reply to the LoRa base station at the initial frequency point of each group of frequency bands in a LoRaWAN mode and then to the equipment management platform. When the equipment management platform receives the null data, replying an uplink frequency point and a downlink frequency point configured by the LoRa base station; when the repeater receives the reply of the LoRa gateway, the uplink frequency point and the downlink frequency point are stored, the number of the network access frequency band is stored, and the repeater is restarted next time and firstly accesses the network in the stored number of the network access frequency band. If the repeater does not receive the reply of the LoRa gateway, the repeater sends the reply for 2 times, if the repeater does not receive the reply, the repeater is switched to the next group of frequency points to start sending, and the cyclic switching is carried out until the network access is successful. If the network access is not successful after one circle of circulation, the network access is carried out after a certain time interval (default is 30 minutes, and configuration can be carried out through a serial port tool).
(2) After the repeater successfully accesses the network, the first LoRa radio frequency chip is always in a LoRa point-to-point working mode and is always in an RX receiving mode, when data reported by the blind zone terminal are received, the data are cached, at the moment, the RX receiving mode is temporarily quitted, the Sleep mode is entered, and after the data caching is completed, the LoRa point-to-point RX receiving mode is switched back.
(3) The second LoRa radio frequency chip is usually also used as a LoRa point-to-point RX receiving mode, when the first LoRa radio frequency chip or the second LoRa radio frequency chip receives data of the blind zone terminal, the first LoRa radio frequency chip or the second LoRa radio frequency chip is switched to a LoRaWAN mode to push the data to the LoRa base station, after the transmission is completed, the LoRaWAN is opened to receive the data downlink from the LoRa base station to the blind zone terminal, and after the LoRaWAN data receives the data of the LoRa base station and is transmitted to the LoRa blind zone terminal or the LoRaWAN reception is overtime, the second LoRa radio frequency chip is immediately switched to the LoRa point-.
The repeater of the present invention supports a point-to-point configuration function. A serial port tool of a repeater A is connected with a serial port tool on a user computer through a serial port, an equipment ID of a target repeater B to be configured is input, the serial port tool sends the ID of the target repeater B to the repeater A through the serial port, the repeater A broadcasts the equipment ID of the repeater B on frequency points with 0.1MHz as a step length in a 470-510 MHz frequency band range in a LoRa point-to-point mode, for example, the first frequency point 470.0MHz broadcasting is carried out, each frequency point is broadcasted for 3 times, and LoRa point-to-point receiving opened for 500ms is completed after each time of sending. And the repeater B receives the data broadcast by the repeater A and analyzes that the data broadcast by the repeater A is the equipment ID of the repeater B, and replies confirmation data to the repeater, so that the repeater A establishes LoRa point-to-point connection with the repeater B, and a user can conveniently configure parameters of the repeater B through the repeater A by using a serial port tool. If the repeater C receives the data broadcast by the repeater A and analyzes that the data broadcast by the repeater A is not the equipment ID of the repeater C, the data broadcast by the repeater A is directly discarded without replying.
The repeater of the invention is provided with a group of serial UARTs for setting parameters of the repeater by using a serial tool, the configured parameters comprise LoRaWAN transmitting power, rate and the like, and the LoRa chip 1 and the LoRa chip 2 transmit and receive frequency points, rate, transmitting power and the like.
The repeater can also be configured to directly output the data received by the first LoRa radio frequency chip and the second LoRa radio frequency chip through a serial port UART. In the situation or application where the terminal device is very few, the data can be sent to other communication mode modules, such as the 2G, 4G, NB-IOT communication module, through the serial port, and then the data is directly sent to the user server through other communication modes, as shown in fig. 4.
Application case column
The repeater disclosed by the invention is applied to project of modifying LoRa gas meters in Jiangshan city, 4653 LoRa gas meters are counted in the project, 673 repeaters are deployed in places with poor or no signals, and the blind-spot-free coverage is basically realized.
The technical solution provided by the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and all technical solutions formed by utilizing the structure and mode of the present invention through transformation and substitution are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A repeater based on a LoRa radio frequency chip is characterized in that:
the device comprises a micro control unit, a first LoRa radio frequency chip, a second LoRa radio frequency chip and a power supply unit;
the first LoRa radio frequency chip and the second LoRa radio frequency chip are in data interaction with the micro control unit through the SPI;
the power supply unit is electrically connected with the micro control unit and used for supplying power to the repeater.
2. The repeater based on the LoRa radio frequency chip of claim 1, wherein:
the power supply unit comprises an internal battery module and an external power supply module, and the external power supply module is compatible with an external adapter.
3. The communication method of the repeater according to claim 1, comprising:
(1) powering on the repeater and starting up the repeater to perform LoRaWAN full-frequency network searching;
(2) the first LoRa radio frequency chip keeps a LoRa point-to-point RX receiving mode, when data reported by the blind zone terminal are received, the data are cached, and the first LoRa radio frequency chip is switched back to the LoRa point-to-point RX receiving mode;
(3) the second LoRa radio frequency chip usually adopts the LoRa point-to-point RX receiving mode, and once the first LoRa radio frequency chip or the second LoRa radio frequency chip receive the data of the blind area terminal, the second LoRa radio frequency chip is switched to the LoRaWAN data interaction mode, pushes the data to the LoRa base station, receives the data sent by the LoRa base station to the blind area terminal after the sending is completed, and immediately switches to the LoRa point-to-point RX receiving mode after the data received by the LoRa base station is sent to the LoRa blind area terminal or the LoRaWAN is overtime.
4. The communication method of claim 3, wherein:
in the step (1), LoRaWAN full-frequency network searching is carried out, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(101) dividing the LoRa working frequency band into a plurality of frequency bands, wherein two groups of adjacent frequency bands are separated by the same preset value, each group of frequency bands comprises a plurality of frequency points, and the two groups of adjacent frequency points are separated by the same preset value;
(102) the repeater adopts a LoRaWAN data interaction mode, sequentially sends null data with ACK reply to a LoRa base station at the initial frequency point of each group of frequency bands, and then sends the null data to the equipment management platform;
(103) when the equipment management platform receives the null data, replying an uplink frequency point and a downlink frequency point configured by the LoRa gateway;
(104) when the repeater receives the reply, the uplink frequency point and the downlink frequency point are stored, the number of the network access frequency band is stored, and the repeater is powered on again next time, the repeater firstly accesses the network from the stored network access frequency band;
(105) when the repeater does not receive the reply, the repeater sends the reply for a plurality of times, and if the repeater does not receive the reply for a plurality of times, the repeater switches to the initial frequency point of the next group of frequency bands, executes the substep (102), and circularly switches until the network access is successful; once the repeater receives the reply, sub-step (104) is performed.
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| CN113820971A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-12-21 | 广东智科电子股份有限公司 | Isolation repeater and control method thereof |
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| CN114928847A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-19 | 广州磐钴智能科技有限公司 | Relay method for dynamic expansion of LoRa communication range |
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